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{{Short description|Adherents of Islam}}{{hatnote group|{{redirect-distinguish|Muslim|muslin}}{{other uses}}}}{{pp|small=yes}}{{pp-move}}{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}{{Use Oxford spelling|date=September 2022}}

factoids

1.9 billionRELIGIOUS COMPOSITION BY COUNTRY, 2010-2050 ACCESS-DATE=2024-03-09 LANGUAGE=EN-US, (25% of the global population){{increase}}HTTPS://WWW.PEWRESEARCH.ORG/RELIGION/2009/10/07/MAPPING-THE-GLOBAL-MUSLIM-POPULATION/ > TITLE=MAPPING THE GLOBAL MUSLIM POPULATION DATE=7 OCTOBER 2009, HTTPS://WORLDPOPULATIONREVIEW.COM/COUNTRY-RANKINGS/MUSLIM-POPULATION-BY-COUNTRY >TITLE=MUSLIM POPULATION BY COUNTRY 2021 ACCESS-DATE=22 JULY 2021 ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20201206043631/HTTPS://WORLDPOPULATIONREVIEW.COM/COUNTRY-RANKINGS/MUSLIM-POPULATION-BY-COUNTRY Why Muslims are the world’s fastest-growing religious group {{Webarchive>url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911221844www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/04/06/why-muslims-are-the-worlds-fastest-growing-religious-group/ |date=11 September 2018 }}” (data analysis). Fact Tank. US: Pew Research Center. (Worldwide, 2020 Pew Research Center) | founder = Muhammad









| region10 = SudanIslam in Sudan>40,400,000URL=HTTPS://WWW.STATE.GOV/WP-CONTENT/UPLOADS/2020/06/SUDAN-2019-INTERNATIONAL-RELIGIOUS-FREEDOM-REPORT.PDFWEBSITE=STATE DEPARTMENT, SUDAN>ACCESS-DATE=24 SEPTEMBER 2022, Sunni Islam10–20% Shia IslamHTTPS://WWW.CIA.GOV/LIBRARY/PUBLICATIONS/THE-WORLD-FACTBOOK/FIELDS/2122.HTML ACCESS-DATE=25 AUGUST 2010 THE WORLD FACTBOOK >PUBLISHER=CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY URL-STATUS=DEAD ARCHIVE-DATE=27 MARCH 2010 Ahmadiyya~1% Other Islamic traditions (Ibadi Islam, Quranism, etc.)HTTP://WWW.PEWFORUM.ORG/2012/08/09/THE-WORLDS-MUSLIMS-UNITY-AND-DIVERSITY-1-RELIGIOUS-AFFILIATION/#IDENTITYDATE=9 AUGUST 2012PUBLISHER=PEW RESEARCH CENTER’S RELIGION & PUBLIC LIFE PROJECTURL-STATUS=LIVEARCHIVE-DATE=26 DECEMBER 2016, dmy-all, }}Muslims ()WEB, Muslim,www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Muslim, live,archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20150907223337/http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Muslim, 7 September 2015, etymonline.com, dmy-all, are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abraham (or Allah) as it was revealed to Muhammad, the main Islamic prophet.ENCYCLOPEDIA, Welch, Alford T, Moussalli, Ahmad S, Newby, Gordon D, Muḥammad, The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World, John L., Esposito, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2009,www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0550, The Prophet of Islam was a religious, political, and social reformer who gave rise to one of the great civilizations of the world. From a modern, historical perspective, Muḥammad was the founder of Islam. From the perspective of the Islamic faith, he was God’s Messenger (rasÅ«l Allāh), called to be a “warner,” first to the Arabs and then to all humankind., 27 March 2017, 11 February 2017,www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0550," title="web.archive.org/web/20170211050118www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0550,">web.archive.org/web/20170211050118www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0550, usurped, {{cbignore}} Alongside the Quran, Muslims also believe in previous revelations, such as the Tawrat (Torah), the Zabur (Psalms), and the Injeel (Gospel). These earlier revelations are associated with Judaism and Christianity, which are regarded by Muslims as earlier versions of Islam.WEB, Global Connections . Religion {{!, PBS |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/globalconnections/mideast/themes/religion/index.html |access-date=2022-05-09 |website=www.pbs.org}} The majority of Muslims also follow the teachings and practices attributed to Muhammad (sunnah) as recorded in traditional accounts (hadith).BOOK, The Qurʼan and Sayings of Prophet Muhammad: Selections Annotated & Explained,books.google.com/books?id=vzx8HlsGnTcC&pg=PR21, 31 August 2013, 2007, SkyLight Paths Publishing, 978-1-59473-222-5, 21–, With an estimated population of almost 1.9 billion followers as of 2020 year estimation, Muslims comprise around 25% of the world’s total population. In descending order, the percentage of people who identify as Muslims on each continental landmass stands at:WEB, Center of Muslim Population Studies (CoMPS),comps.world/, 2023-06-23, 45% of Africa, 25% of Asia and Oceania (collectively),WEB, 27 January 2011, Region: Asia-Pacific,pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-asia.aspx, live,www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-asia.aspx," title="web.archive.org/web/20130309233927www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-asia.aspx,">web.archive.org/web/20130309233927www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-asia.aspx, 9 March 2013, 3 January 2012, The Future of the Global Muslim Population, Pew Research Center, dmy-all, 6% of Europe,WEB, 27 January 2011, Region: Europe,pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-europe.aspx, live,www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-europe.aspx," title="web.archive.org/web/20130407080033www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-europe.aspx,">web.archive.org/web/20130407080033www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-europe.aspx, 7 April 2013, 3 January 2012, The Future of the Global Muslim Population, Pew Research Center, dmy-all, and 1% of the Americas.WEB, 27 January 2011, Region: Americas,pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-americas.aspx, live,www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-americas.aspx," title="web.archive.org/web/20130407082305www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-americas.aspx,">web.archive.org/web/20130407082305www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-americas.aspx, 7 April 2013, 3 January 2012, The Future of the Global Muslim Population, Pew Research Center, dmy-all, WEB, Kington, Tom, 31 March 2008, Number of Muslims ahead of Catholics, says Vatican,www.theguardian.com/world/2008/mar/31/religion, live,www.theguardian.com/world/2008/mar/31/religion," title="web.archive.org/web/20130902042814www.theguardian.com/world/2008/mar/31/religion,">web.archive.org/web/20130902042814www.theguardian.com/world/2008/mar/31/religion, 2 September 2013, 17 November 2008, The Guardian, dmy-all, WEB, Muslim Population,www.islamicpopulation.com/, live,www.muslimpopulation.com/index.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20130525045557www.muslimpopulation.com/index.html,">web.archive.org/web/20130525045557www.muslimpopulation.com/index.html, 25 May 2013, 17 November 2008, IslamicPopulation.com, dmy-all, WEB, Field Listing Religions,www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html, dead,web.archive.org/web/20110604221011/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html, 4 June 2011, 17 November 2008, dmy-all, Additionally, in subdivided geographical regions, the figure stands at: 91% of the Middle East–North Africa,WEB,pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-middle-east.aspx, Region: Middle East-North Africa, The Future of the Global Muslim Population, Pew Research Center, 3 January 2012,www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-middle-east.aspx," title="web.archive.org/web/20130309233947www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-middle-east.aspx,">web.archive.org/web/20130309233947www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-middle-east.aspx, 9 March 2013, live, dmy-all, 27 January 2011, WEB, 27 January 2011, Region: Middle East-North Africa,pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-middle-east.aspx, live,www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-middle-east.aspx," title="web.archive.org/web/20130725215915www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-middle-east.aspx,">web.archive.org/web/20130725215915www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-middle-east.aspx, 25 July 2013, 22 December 2011, The Future of the Global Muslim Population, Pew Research Center, NEWS, 2009-10-07, Middle East-North Africa Overview, en-US, Pew Research Center’s Religion & Public Life Project,www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population10/, live, 2018-01-18,www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population10/," title="web.archive.org/web/20170128210559www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population10/,">web.archive.org/web/20170128210559www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population10/, 28 January 2017, 90% of Central Asia,WEB,www.pewforum.org/files/2014/01/global-religion-full.pdf, The Global Religious Landscape, December 2012, Pew,www.pewforum.org/files/2014/01/global-religion-full.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20150924113632www.pewforum.org/files/2014/01/global-religion-full.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20150924113632www.pewforum.org/files/2014/01/global-religion-full.pdf, 24 September 2015, dead, dmy-all, ENCYCLOPEDIA,www.iranicaonline.org/articles/central-asia-ii, CENTRAL ASIA ii. Demography, Rowland, Richard H., Encyclopaedia Iranica, en, 2017-05-25, 2, 161–164, 16 September 2018,www.iranicaonline.org/articles/central-asia-ii," title="web.archive.org/web/20180916105914www.iranicaonline.org/articles/central-asia-ii,">web.archive.org/web/20180916105914www.iranicaonline.org/articles/central-asia-ii, live, ENCYCLOPEDIA, CENTRAL ASIA ii. Demography, Encyclopaedia Iranica,www.iranicaonline.org/articles/central-asia-ii, 2017-05-25, Rowland, Richard H., 2, 161–164, en,www.iranicaonline.org/articles/central-asia-ii," title="web.archive.org/web/20180916105914www.iranicaonline.org/articles/central-asia-ii,">web.archive.org/web/20180916105914www.iranicaonline.org/articles/central-asia-ii, 16 September 2018, live, 65% of the Caucasus,WEB, Middle East :: Azerbaijan — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency,www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/azerbaijan/, live,web.archive.org/web/20210127171042/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/azerbaijan/, 27 January 2021, 2019-12-01, www.cia.gov, WEB, The Many Languages of Islam in the Caucasus,eurasianet.org/the-many-languages-of-islam-in-the-caucasus, live,web.archive.org/web/20200721131035/https://eurasianet.org/the-many-languages-of-islam-in-the-caucasus, 21 July 2020, 2019-12-01, Eurasianet, en, WEB, Statistical Service of Armenia,www.armstat.am/file/doc/99475033.pdf, live,www.armstat.am/file/doc/99475033.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20171010144321www.armstat.am/file/doc/99475033.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20171010144321www.armstat.am/file/doc/99475033.pdf, 10 October 2017, 20 February 2014, Armstat, NEWS, Armenia Population, countrymeters.info,countrymeters.info/en/Armenia, live, 24 June 2015,countrymeters.info/en/Armenia," title="web.archive.org/web/20150626115837countrymeters.info/en/Armenia,">web.archive.org/web/20150626115837countrymeters.info/en/Armenia, 26 June 2015, WEB, humans.txt, AzÉ™rbaycan É™halisinin sayı 10 milyon nÉ™fÉ™rÉ™ çatıb,www.yap.org.az/az/view/news/32999/azerbaycan-ehalisinin-sayi-10-milyon-nefere-chatib, live,www.yap.org.az/az/view/news/32999/azerbaycan-ehalisinin-sayi-10-milyon-nefere-chatib," title="web.archive.org/web/20190601041031www.yap.org.az/az/view/news/32999/azerbaycan-ehalisinin-sayi-10-milyon-nefere-chatib,">web.archive.org/web/20190601041031www.yap.org.az/az/view/news/32999/azerbaycan-ehalisinin-sayi-10-milyon-nefere-chatib, 1 June 2019, 2019-12-09, /, en, WEB, Middle East :: Georgia — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency,www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/georgia/, live,web.archive.org/web/20210204222544/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/georgia/, 4 February 2021, 2019-12-09, www.cia.gov, 42% of Southeast Asia,WEB,www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/Public/focus/essay1009_southeast_asia.html, Oxford Islamic Studies Online, www.oxfordislamicstudies.com, en, 14 March 2017,www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/Public/focus/essay1009_southeast_asia.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20170320170459www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/Public/focus/essay1009_southeast_asia.html,">web.archive.org/web/20170320170459www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/Public/focus/essay1009_southeast_asia.html, 20 March 2017, usurped, dmy-all, {{cbignore}}JOURNAL, Yusuf, Imtiyaz, The Middle East and Muslim Southeast Asia: Implications of the Arab Spring,www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/Public/focus/essay1009_southeast_asia.html, Oxford Islamic Studies,www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/Public/focus/essay1009_southeast_asia.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20170320170459www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/Public/focus/essay1009_southeast_asia.html,">web.archive.org/web/20170320170459www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/Public/focus/essay1009_southeast_asia.html, 20 March 2017, usurped, {{cbignore}} 32% of South Asia,WEB,www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-asia/, Region: Asia-Pacific, 27 January 2011, Pew Research Center’s Religion & Public Life Project, 13 March 2017,www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-asia/," title="web.archive.org/web/20171010061404www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-asia/,">web.archive.org/web/20171010061404www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-asia/, 10 October 2017, live, dmy-all, WEB,www.cnn.com/2016/07/29/politics/muslims-moment-khan/index.html, The moment American Muslims were waiting for, Burke, Daniel Burke, CNN Religion, 29 July 2016, 13 March 2017,www.cnn.com/2016/07/29/politics/muslims-moment-khan/index.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20170312235900www.cnn.com/2016/07/29/politics/muslims-moment-khan/index.html,">web.archive.org/web/20170312235900www.cnn.com/2016/07/29/politics/muslims-moment-khan/index.html, 12 March 2017, live, dmy-all, and 42% of sub-Saharan Africa.WEB,pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-sub-saharan-africa.aspx, Region: Sub-Saharan Africa, The Future of the Global Muslim Population, 27 January 2011, Pew Research Center, 3 January 2012,www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-sub-saharan-africa.aspx," title="web.archive.org/web/20130309234009www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-sub-saharan-africa.aspx,">web.archive.org/web/20130309234009www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-sub-saharan-africa.aspx, 9 March 2013, live, dmy-all, WEB, 27 January 2011, Region: Sub-Saharan Africa,pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-sub-saharan-africa.aspx, live,www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-sub-saharan-africa.aspx," title="web.archive.org/web/20130728160720www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-sub-saharan-africa.aspx,">web.archive.org/web/20130728160720www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-sub-saharan-africa.aspx, 28 July 2013, 22 December 2011, The Future of the Global Muslim Population, Pew Research Center, While there are several Islamic schools and branches, as well as non-denominational Muslims, the two largest denominations are Sunni Islam (75–90% of all Muslims)* WEB,www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population/, Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World’s Muslim Population, 2013-09-24, Pew Research Center, Of the total Muslim population, 10–13% are Shia Muslims and 87–90% are Sunni Muslims., 7 October 2009, 25 December 2018,www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population/," title="web.archive.org/web/20181225005131www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population/,">web.archive.org/web/20181225005131www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population/, live,

• Sunni Islam: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200516213612books.google.com/books?id=D5_N97bAiJ0C&pg=PA3&dq=Sunni+Islamv=onepage&q=Sunni%20Islam |date=16 May 2020 }} “Sunni Islam is the dominant division of the global Muslim community, and throughout history it has made up a substantial majority (85 to 90 percent) of that community.”
• WEB,berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/sunni, Sunni, Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs, Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of Islam, comprising about 85% of the world’s over 1.5 billion Muslims., 20 December 2012, 12 October 2014,berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/sunni," title="web.archive.org/web/20141012090751berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/sunni,">web.archive.org/web/20141012090751berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/sunni, dead,
• WEB,www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html, Religions, 2010-08-25, The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the world’s Muslim population..., dead,web.archive.org/web/20100327071408/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html, 27 March 2010, and Shia Islam (10–20% of all Muslims).REPORT, October 2009, Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World’s Muslim Population, Pew Research Center,www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2009/10/Muslimpopulation.pdf, 17 January 2022, 1, Of the total Muslim population, 10-13% are Shia Muslims and 87-90% are Sunni Muslims. Most Shias (between 68% and 80%) live in just four countries: Iran, Pakistan, India and Iraq., By sheer numbers, South Asia accounts for the largest portion (31%) of the global Muslim population.BOOK, Pechilis, Karen, {{google books, y, kaubzRxh-U0C, |title=South Asian Religions: Tradition and Today |last2=Raj |first2=Selva J. |date=2013 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9780415448512 |page=193 |language=en}}NEWS, Diplomat, Akhilesh Pillalamarri, The, How South Asia Will Save Global Islam, en-US, The Diplomat,thediplomat.com/2016/01/how-south-asia-will-save-global-islam/, live, 2017-02-07,web.archive.org/web/20190327102711/https://thediplomat.com/2016/01/how-south-asia-will-save-global-islam/, 27 March 2019, By country, Indonesia is the largest in the Muslim world, holding around 12% of all Muslims worldwide;WEB,www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/muslims/pf_15-04-02_projectionstables74/, 10 Countries With the Largest Muslim Populations, 2010 and 2050date=2015-04-02, Pew Research Center’s Religion & Public Life Project, 2017-02-07, 4 May 2017,www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/muslims/pf_15-04-02_projectionstables74/," title="web.archive.org/web/20170504075835www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/muslims/pf_15-04-02_projectionstables74/,">web.archive.org/web/20170504075835www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/muslims/pf_15-04-02_projectionstables74/, live, outside of the Muslim-majority countries, India and China are home to the largest (11%) and second-largest (2%) Muslim populations, respectively.{{Citation|title=Book review: Russia’s Muslim Heartlands reveals diverse population|date=21 April 2018|url=https://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/book-review-russia-s-muslim-heartlands-reveals-diverse-population-1.723230|work=The National|language=en|access-date=13 January 2019|archive-date=14 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190114210257www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/book-review-russia-s-muslim-heartlands-reveals-diverse-population-1.723230|url-status=live}}WEB,features.pewforum.org/muslim-population/, Muslim Population by Country, The Future of the Global Muslim Population, Pew Research Center, dead,www.pewforum.org/The-Future-of-the-Global-Muslim-Population.aspx," title="web.archive.org/web/20110209094904www.pewforum.org/The-Future-of-the-Global-Muslim-Population.aspx,">web.archive.org/web/20110209094904www.pewforum.org/The-Future-of-the-Global-Muslim-Population.aspx, 9 February 2011, 22 December 2011, WEB,www.aljazeera.com/amp/indepth/features/islam-russia-180307094248743.html&ved=2ahUKEwjnwtPN1OXfAhXNSxUIHQhBA4gQFjAMegQIBhAB&usg=AOvVaw27U7hQK-1THu2LP_Be0os7&cf=1&cshid=1547207388328, Islam in Russia, www.aljazeera.com, 9 January 2022, 11 January 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190111175543/https://www.aljazeera.com/amp/indepth/features/islam-russia-180307094248743.html%26ved%3D2ahUKEwjnwtPN1OXfAhXNSxUIHQhBA4gQFjAMegQIBhAB%26usg%3DAOvVaw27U7hQK-1THu2LP_Be0os7%26ampcf%3D1%26cshid%3D1547207388328, dead, Due to high Muslim population growth, Islam is the fastest-growing religion in the world.NEWS,www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/main-factors-driving-population-growth/, Main Factors Driving Population Growth, 2015-04-02, Pew Research Center’s Religion & Public Life Project, 2018-10-23, en-US, 1 December 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201201205139/https://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/main-factors-driving-population-growth/, live, NEWS,edition.cnn.com/2015/04/02/living/pew-study-religion/, The world’s fastest-growing religion is ..., Burke, Daniel, 4 April 2015, 18 April 2015, CNN, 15 May 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200515234633/https://edition.cnn.com/2015/04/02/living/pew-study-religion/, live, MAGAZINE,www.usnews.com/news/religion/articles/2008/04/07/no-god-but-god, No God But God, Lippman, Thomas W., 2008-04-07, U.S. News & World Report, 2013-09-24, Islam is the youngest, the fastest growing, and in many ways the least complicated of the world’s great monotheistic faiths. It is based on its own holy book, but it is also a direct descendant of Judaism and Christianity, incorporating some of the teachings of those religions—modifying some and rejecting others., 16 November 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201116181425/https://www.usnews.com/news/religion/articles/2008/04/07/no-god-but-god, live,

Etymology

{{See also|Islam#Etymology}}The word muslim (, {{IPA-ar|ˈmÊŠslɪm|IPA}}; {{IPAc-en|lang|ˈ|m|ÊŒ|z|l|áµ»|m}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ÊŠ|z|l|áµ»|m}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ÊŠ|s|l|áµ»|m}} ({{respell|MUZZ|lim|,_|MUUZ|lim|,_|MUUSS|lim}}) or moslem {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|É’|z|l|É™|m}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|É’|s|l|É™|m}} ({{respell|MOZ|lÉ™m|,_|MOSS|lÉ™m}})) is the active participle of the same verb of which islām is a verbal noun, based on the triliteral S-L-M “to be whole, intact”.Burns & Ralph, World Civilizations, 5th ed., p. 371.Entry for Å¡lm, p. 2067, Appendix B: Semitic Roots, The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th ed., Boston, New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, {{ISBN|0-618-08230-1}}. A female adherent is a muslima () (also transliterated as “Muslimah“Muslimah {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817020605www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/muslimah |date=17 August 2016 }}. Oxford Dictionaries. Oxford University Press. 2016). The plural form in Arabic is muslimÅ«n () or muslimÄ«n (), and its feminine equivalent is muslimāt ().The ordinary word in English is “Muslim”. For most of the 20th century, the preferred spelling in English was “Moslem”, but this has now fallen into disuse. That spelling and its pronunciation was opposed by many Muslims in English-speaking countries because it resembled the Arabic word aẓ-ẓālim (), meaning “the oppressor”.Baker, Paul, Costas Gabrielatos, and Tony McEnery. “Muslim or Moslem? Differences between newspapers: Vanishing Moslems”, Discourse Analysis and Media Attitudes: The Representation of Islam in the British Press, Cambridge University Press, 2013, pages 76-78. In the United States, the Associated Press instructed news outlets to switch to the spelling “Muslim” in 1991, making it the most common spelling thereafter.“Term ‘Moslem’ becomes ‘Muslim’, San Angelo Standard-Times, January 1, 1991, page 11A, via Newspapers.com. See also Newspapers.com search results for the word “Moslem”, which show a sharp decline immediately after the AP’s decision.Chen, Yii-Ann Christine. “Why Do People Say Muslim Now Instead of Moslem?”, History News Network, July 8, 2002, Web. Retrieved May 18, 2024. The last major newspaper in the United Kingdom to use the spelling “Moslem” was the Daily Mail, which switched to “Muslim” in 2004.The word Mosalman (, alternatively Mussalman) is a common equivalent for Muslim used in Central and South Asia. In English it was sometimes spelled Mussulman and has become archaic in usage; however, cognates of this word remain the standard term for “Muslim” in various other European languages. Until at least the mid-1960s, many English-language writers used the term Mohammedans or Mahometans.See for instance the second edition of A Dictionary of Modern English Usage by H. W. Fowler, revised by Ernest Gowers (Oxford, 1965). Although such terms were not necessarily intended to be pejorative, Muslims argue that the terms are offensive because they allegedly imply that Muslims worship Muhammad rather than God.BOOK, Oxford University Press, Gibb, Sir Hamilton, Mohammedanism: an historical survey, 1969, 1, Modern Muslims dislike the terms Mohammedan and Mohammedanism, which seem to them to carry the implication of worship of Mohammed, as Christian and Christianity imply the worship of Christ., Other obsolete terms include MuslimiteOED, Muslimite, and Muslimist.BOOK, Abbas, Tahir, Muslim Britain: Communities Under Pressure,archive.org/details/muslimbritaincom00abba, registration, 2005, 50, In Medieval Europe, Muslims were commonly called Saracens.The Muslim philologist Ibn al-Anbari said:{{Blockquote|a Muslim is a person who has dedicated his worship exclusively to God, for just as we say in Arabic that something is salima to a person, meaning that it became solely his own, so in the same way Islām means making one’s religion and faith God’s alone.BOOK, Abdelnour, Mohammed Gamal, A Comparative History of Catholic and AÅ¡’arÄ« Theologies of Truth and Salvation, 25 May 2021, Brill, 9789004461765, 154,books.google.com/books?id=OkwwEAAAQBAJ, }}In several places in the Quran, the word muslim conveys a universal meaning, beyond the description of the followers of Muhammad, for example:Seyyed Hossein Nasr (2015), The Study Quran, HarperCollins, footnote p. 146{{blockquote |“Abraham was not a Jew, nor a Christian, but he was a true Muslim [مُّسۡلِمࣰا], and he was not a polytheist.” -- Quran 3:67 WEB,www.islamawakened.com/quran/3/67/, Ayah al-Imran (The Family of Imran, The House of Imran) 3:67, www.islamawakened.com, “Then when Jesus perceived their disbelief he said, ‘Who will be my helpers of God.’ The disciples said ‘We will be the helpers of God; we believe in God and bear witness that we are Muslims [مُسۡلِمُونَ].’” -- Quran 3:52 WEB,www.islamawakened.com/quran/3/52/, Ayah al-Imran (The Family of Imran, The House of Imran) 3:52, www.islamawakened.com, }}

Qualifier

{{Islam}}To become a Muslim and to convert to Islam, it is essential to utter the Shahada in front of Muslim witnesses,Galonnier, Juliette. “Moving In or Moving Toward? Reconceptualizing Conversion to Islam as a Liminal Process1.” Moving in and out of Islam. University of Texas Press, 2018. 44-66. In Sunni Islam, the shahada has two parts: la ilaha illa’llah (there is no god but Allah), and Muhammadun rasul Allah (Muhammad is the messenger of God),Lindsay, p. 140–141 which are sometimes referred to as the first shahada and the second shahada.Cornell, p. 9 The first statement of the shahada is also known as the tahlÄ«l.BOOK, Michael Anthony Sells, Approaching the Qur’an: The Early Revelations,books.google.com/books?id=EYCFTVDDKmkC, 1999, White Cloud Press, 151, 9781883991265, 24 April 2017, 1 March 2017,web.archive.org/web/20170301182642/https://books.google.com/books?id=EYCFTVDDKmkC, live, In Shia Islam, the shahada also has a third part, a phrase concerning Ali, the first Shia Imam and the fourth Rashid caliph of Sunni Islam: ({{transliteration|ar|DIN|wa Ê¿alÄ«yyun walÄ«yyu-llāh}}), which translates to “Ali is the wali of God”.The Later Mughals by William Irvine p. 130In Quranist Islam, the shahada is the testimony that there is no god but Allah (la ilaha illa’llah ).{{citation needed|date=June 2022}}The religious practices of Muslims are enumerated in the Five Pillars of Islam: the declaration of faith (shahadah), daily prayers (salah), almsgiving (zakat), fasting during the month of Ramadan (sawm), and the pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj) at least once in a lifetime.

In Islamic theology

The majority of theological traditions of Islam accept that works do not determine if someone is a Muslim or not. God alone would know about the belief of a person. Fellow Muslims can only accept the personal declaration of faith. Only the Khawārij developed an understanding of Muslim identity based mainly on the adherence to liturgical and legal norms.Johansen, Baber. Contingency in a sacred law: legal and ethical norms in the Muslim fiqh. Vol. 7. Brill, 1999.When asked about one’s beliefs, it is recommended to say the Istit̲h̲nāʾ, for example, ”in-sha’allah I am Muslim a believer” (so God will, I am Muslim), since only God knows the future of a person.JOURNAL, Madelung, Wilferd, Early Sunni Doctrine concerning Faith as Reflected in the “Kitab al-Iman” of Abu ‘Ubayd al-Qasim b. Sallam (d. 224/839), Studia Islamica, 32, 1970, 10.2307/1595222, 233, Among Asharites, it is also seen as a sign of humility and the individual’s longing to improve, because the creature has no assurance of their own state (of belief) until the end of life.Watt, W. Montgomery. “A Commentary on the Creed of Islam: al-Taftazani on the Creed of al-Nasafi. Translated, with introduction and notes, by Earl Edgar Elder, pp. xxxii+ 187. New York: Columbia University Press (London: Geoffrey Cumberlege). 1950. 30s.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 83.1-2 (1951): 129-129.The Qur’an describes many prophets and messengers within Judaism and Christianity, and their respective followers, as Muslim. Some of those that were mentioned are: Adam, Noah, Abraham, Ishmael, Jacob, Moses, and Jesus and his apostles are all considered to be Muslims in the Qur’an.ENCYCLOPEDIA, Schimmel, Annemarie, Islam,www.britannica.com/topic/Islam, Encyclopædia Britannica, 17 September 2021, subscription, The Qur’an states that these men were Muslims because they submitted to God, preached His message and upheld His values, which included praying, charity, fasting and pilgrimage. Thus, in Surah 3:52 of the Qur’an, Jesus’ disciples tell him, “We believe in God; and you be our witness that we are Muslims (wa-shahad be anna muslimÅ«n).” In Islamic belief, before the Qur’an, God had given the Tawrat (Torah) to the prophets and messengers amongst the Children of Israel,{{sfn|Lang|2015|p=98}} the Zabur (Psalms) to David and the Injil (Gospel) to Jesus, who are all considered important Muslim prophets.WEB, The Books of Islam,catstevens.com/think/spiritual-domain/the-books-of-islam/, Yusuf / Cat Stevens, 11 November 2021, 11 November 2021,web.archive.org/web/20211111044624/https://catstevens.com/think/spiritual-domain/the-books-of-islam/, live,

Demographics

{{See also|List of countries by Muslim population}}(File:Islam percent population in each nation World Map Muslim data by Pew Research.svg|thumb|300px|World Muslim population by percentage (2012))(File:MuslimWorldDemographics2022.png|thumb|300x300px|Muslim distribution worldwide (2022))The most populous Muslim-majority country is Indonesia, home to 12.7% of the world’s Muslims,WEB, Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World’s Muslim Population,www.pewforum.org/files/2009/10/Muslimpopulation.pdf, October 2009, Pew Research Center, 22 February 2017, Of the total Muslim population, 30%-40% are Shia Muslims and 60-70% are Sunni Muslims., live,www.pewforum.org/files/2009/10/Muslimpopulation.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20170205171040www.pewforum.org/files/2009/10/Muslimpopulation.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20170205171040www.pewforum.org/files/2009/10/Muslimpopulation.pdf, 5 February 2017, dmy-all, followed by Pakistan (11.0%), Bangladesh (9.2%), Nigeria (5.3%) and Egypt (4.9%). About 20% of the world’s Muslims live in the Middle East and North Africa. Non-majority India contains 10.9% of the world’s Muslims.BOOK, Oxford University Press, 978-0-19-515713-0, Esposito, John L., What everyone needs to know about Islam,archive.org/details/whateveryoneneed00espo, registration, 21, 15 October 2002, and BOOK, Rev. 3rd ed., updated with new epilogue., Oxford University Press, 978-0-19-518266-8, Esposito, John, Islam : the straight path, New York, 2, 43, 2005, Arab Muslims form the largest ethnic group among Muslims in the world,Margaret Kleffner Nydell Understanding Arabs: A Guide For Modern Times, Intercultural Press, 2005, {{ISBN|1931930252}}, page xxiii, 14 followed by Bengalis,BOOK, Richard Eaton, Barbara D. Metcalf, Islam in South Asia in Practice,books.google.com/books?id=pR0LzVCpfw8C, 8 September 2009, Princeton University Press, 978-1-4008-3138-8, 275, Forest Clearing and the Growth of Islam in Bengal, BOOK,books.google.com/books?id=haGORCJRlOUC&pg=PA50, The Bangladesh Reader: History, Culture, Politics, Meghna Guhathakurta, Willem van Schendel, 30 April 2013, Duke University Press, 7 November 2016, 978-0822353188, and Punjabis.BOOK, Gandhi, Rajmohan, Punjab: A History from Aurangzeb to Mountbatten, 2013, 1, Aleph Book Company, New Delhi, India, Urbana, Illinois, 978-93-83064-41-0, .Over 75–90% of Muslims are Sunni. The second and third largest sects, Shia and Ahmadiyya, make up 10–20%, and 1% respectively. While the majority of the population in the Middle East identify as either Sunni or Shi’a, a significant number of Muslims identify as non-denominational.BOOK,books.google.com/books?id=bujyDwAAQBAJ&dq=non+denominationaL+islam&pg=PT14, Cultural and Heritage Tourism in the Middle East and North Africa: Complexities, Management and Practices, 9781000177169, Seyfi, Siamak, Michael Hall, C., 28 September 2020, Routledge, With about 1.8 billion followers (2015), almost a quarter of earth’s population,WEB,www.pewforum.org/2017/04/05/the-changing-global-religious-landscape/, Pew Research Center, 5 April 2017, The Changing Global Religious Landscape, 20 October 2018, 6 April 2017,www.pewforum.org/2017/04/05/the-changing-global-religious-landscape/," title="web.archive.org/web/20170406033738www.pewforum.org/2017/04/05/the-changing-global-religious-landscape/,">web.archive.org/web/20170406033738www.pewforum.org/2017/04/05/the-changing-global-religious-landscape/, live, Islam is the second-largest and the fastest-growing religion in the world,NEWS,www.cnn.com/2015/04/02/living/pew-study-religion/index.html, The fastest growing religion in the world is ..., Burke, Daniel, CNN, 6 May 2016, live,www.cnn.com/2015/04/02/living/pew-study-religion/index.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20160511135834www.cnn.com/2015/04/02/living/pew-study-religion/index.html,">web.archive.org/web/20160511135834www.cnn.com/2015/04/02/living/pew-study-religion/index.html, 11 May 2016, dmy-all, primarily due to the young age and high fertility rate of Muslims, with Muslims having a rate of (3.1) compared to the world average of (2.5). According to the same study, religious switching has no impact on Muslim population, since the number of people who embrace Islam and those who leave Islam are roughly equal.REPORT,www.pewresearch.org/religion/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2009/10/Muslimpopulation-1.pdf, The Future of the Global Muslim Population, Pew Research Center, 27 January 2011, As of 2010, 49 countries countries in the world had Muslim majorities, in which Muslims comprised more than 50% of the population. In 2010, 74.1% of the world’s Muslim population lived in countries where Muslims are in the majority, while 25.9% of the world’s Muslim population lived in countries where Muslims are in the minority.REPORT,www.pewresearch.org/religion/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2011/01/FutureGlobalMuslimPopulation-WebPDF-Feb10.pdf, The Future of the Global Muslim Population, Pew Research Center, 27 January 2011, A Pew Center study in 2010 found that 3% of the world’s Muslims population live in non-Muslim-majority developed countries. India’s Muslim population is the world’s largest Muslim-minority population in the world (11% of the world’s Muslim population). Followed by Ethiopia (28 million), China (22 million), Russia (16 million) and Tanzania (13 million). Sizable minorities are also found in the Americas (5.2 million or 0.6%), Australia (714,000 or 1.9%) and parts of Europe (44 million or 6%).A Pew Center study in 2016 found that Muslims have the highest number of adherents under the age of 15 (34% of the total Muslim population) of any major religion, while only 7% are aged 60+ (the smallest percentage of any major religion). According to the same study, Muslims have the highest fertility rates (3.1) of any major religious group.WEB, 19 December 2016, Religion and Education Around the World,assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2016/12/21094148/Religion-Education-ONLINE-FINAL.pdf, Pew Research Center, 13 December 2016, live,assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2016/12/21094148/Religion-Education-ONLINE-FINAL.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20161222152619assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2016/12/21094148/Religion-Education-ONLINE-FINAL.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20161222152619assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2016/12/21094148/Religion-Education-ONLINE-FINAL.pdf, 22 December 2016, dmy-all, The study also found that Muslims (tied with Hindus) have the lowest average levels of education with an average of 5.6 years of schooling, though both groups have made the largest gains in educational attainment in recent decades among major religions. About 36% of all Muslims have no formal schooling, and Muslims have the lowest average levels of higher education of any major religious group, with only 8% having graduate and post-graduate degrees.

Culture

Muslim culture or Islamic culture are terms used to describe the cultural practices common to Muslims and historically Islamic people. The early forms of Muslim culture, from the Rashidun Caliphate to early Umayyad period, were predominantly Arab, Byzantine, Persian and Levantine. With the rapid expansion of the Arab Islamic empires, Muslim culture has influenced and assimilated much from the Indonesian, Hindustani, Bengali, Nigerian, Egyptian, Persian, Turkic, Caucasian, Malay, Somali, Berber, and Moro cultures.

See also

• Cultural Muslims
• Islamic schools and branches
• Mohammedan
• Lists of Muslims
• List of converts to Islam
• Latino Muslims
• Islamic holidays
• Muslim world
• Mumin
• Persecution of Muslims
• Islam by country

References

. Random House Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary: {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ÊŒ|z|l|áµ»|m}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ÊŠ|z|l|áµ»|m}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ÊŠ|s|l|áµ»|m}}; moslem {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515200017dictionary.reference.com/browse/moslem |date=15 May 2011 }} {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|É’|z|l|É™|m}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|É’|s|l|É™|m}}WEB,www.britannica.com/topic/Shii/Shii-dynasties, ShiÊ¿i, Islam, In the early 21st century some 10–13 percent of the world’s 1.6 billion Muslims were ShiÊ¿i., Encyclopædia Britannica, 17 January 2022, See:

• Eastern Europe Russia and Central Asia {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904002442books.google.com/books?id=NI1G_9j1AhcC&pg=PA51&dq=&hl=en&ei=yQDiTt_qE9C28QOKn9yMBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CEgQ6AEwAjgKv=onepage&q=world%20muslim%2080%25%20sunni&f=false |date=4 September 2015 }} “some 80% of the world’s Muslims are Sunni”
• Sue Hellett;U.S. should focus on sanctions against Iran {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317195234www.galesburg.com/newsnow/x917961022/Sue-Hulett-U-S-should-focus-on-sanctions-against-Iran |date=17 March 2012 }} “Sunnis make up over 75 percent of the world’s Muslim population”
• Iran, Israel and the United States {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904002442books.google.com/books?id=nVcmKRyID2EC&pg=PA15&dq=&hl=en&ei=e4XoTt-TDIaL8gOG692iCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CFEQ6AEwBTgUv=onepage&q=sunni%2075%25&f=false |date=4 September 2015 }} “Sunni, accounts for over 75% of the Islamic population”
• WEB,www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/574006/Sunnite, Sunnite, Encyclopædia Britannica, They numbered about 900 million in the late 20th century and constituted nine-tenths of all the adherents of Islām., 26 August 2010, live,web.archive.org/web/20100809124159/https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/574006/Sunnite, 9 August 2010, dmy-all,
• BOOK, Islamic Beliefs, Practices, and Cultures, A common compromise figure ranks Sunnis at 90 percent., 2010, Marshall Cavendish, 978-0-7614-7926-0, 352,archive.org/details/isbn_9780761479260, registration, 19 December 2011,
• WEB,pewforum.org/Muslim/Mapping-the-Global-Muslim-Population.aspx, Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World’s Muslim Population, 24 August 2010, Pew Research Center, Of the total Muslim population, 10–13% are Shia Muslims and 87–90% are Sunni Muslims., 7 October 2009, 25 December 2018,www.pewforum.org/muslim/mapping-the-global-muslim-population.aspx," title="web.archive.org/web/20181225201807www.pewforum.org/muslim/mapping-the-global-muslim-population.aspx,">web.archive.org/web/20181225201807www.pewforum.org/muslim/mapping-the-global-muslim-population.aspx, live,
• NEWS,www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-16047709, Quick guide: Sunnis and Shias, BBC News, The great majority of Muslims are Sunnis – estimates suggest the figure is somewhere between 85% and 90%., 18 December 2011, 6 December 2011, live,www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-16047709," title="web.archive.org/web/20111206173334www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-16047709,">web.archive.org/web/20111206173334www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-16047709, 6 December 2011, dmy-all,
• WEB,lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+af0060), Sunni and Shia Islam, Library of Congress Country Studies, Sunni constitute 85 percent of the world’s Muslims., 17 December 2011, live,lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+af0060%29," title="web.archive.org/web/20130216211306lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+af0060%29,">web.archive.org/web/20130216211306lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+af0060%29, 16 February 2013, dmy-all,
• NEWS,www.usatoday.com/news/religion/2007-09-24-muslim-tension_N.htm, Tension between Sunnis, Shiites emerging in USA, USA Today, Among the world’s estimated 1.4 billion Muslims, about 85% are Sunni and about 15% are Shiite., 18 December 2011, 24 September 2007, live,www.usatoday.com/news/religion/2007-09-24-muslim-tension_N.htm," title="web.archive.org/web/20111210020455www.usatoday.com/news/religion/2007-09-24-muslim-tension_N.htm,">web.archive.org/web/20111210020455www.usatoday.com/news/religion/2007-09-24-muslim-tension_N.htm, 10 December 2011, dmy-all,
• WEB,www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html, Religions, 25 August 2010, The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the world’s Muslim population... Shia Islam represents 10–20% of Muslims worldwide..., dead,archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20110609062501www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html, 9 June 2011, dmy-all,
• Sunni Islam: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904002442books.google.com/books?id=D5_N97bAiJ0C&pg=PA3&dq=Sunni+Islam&hl=en&sa=X&ei=2DLuTujOEcesrAej29DdCA&ved=0CEsQ6AEwBQv=onepage&q=Sunni%20Islam&f=false |date=4 September 2015 }} “Sunni Islam is the dominant division of the global Muslim community, and throughout history it has made up a substantial majority (85 to 90 percent) of that community.”
• Inside Muslim minds {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904002442books.google.com/books?id=Z4Ts0GkJBKgC&pg=PA20&dq=&hl=en&ei=hf7hTrCmNsvB8QOllfmCBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CE0Q6AEwAw |date=4 September 2015 }} “around 80% are Sunni”
• Who Gets To Narrate the World {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904002442books.google.com/books?id=3w_ngX--ji4C&pg=PA103&dq=&hl=en&ei=yQDiTt_qE9C28QOKn9yMBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CEMQ6AEwATgKv=onepage&q=world%20muslim%2080%25%20sunni&f=false |date=4 September 2015 }} “The Sunnis (approximately 80%)”
• A world theology {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904002442books.google.com/books?id=vD2TJNc7NE4C&pg=PA265&dq=&hl=en&ei=5wHiTpzMGMrT8gPIl52FBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CFoQ6AEwBTgU |date=4 September 2015 }} N. Ross Reat “80% being the Sunni”
• Islam and the Ahmadiyya jama’at {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904002442books.google.com/books?id=Q78O1mjX2tMC&pg=PA32&dq=&hl=en&ei=yQDiTt_qE9C28QOKn9yMBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CGAQ6AEwBjgKv=onepage&q=world%20muslim%2080%25%20sunni&f=false |date=4 September 2015 }} “The Sunni segment, accounting for at least 80% of the world’s Muslim population”
• A dictionary of modern politics {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904002442books.google.com/books?id=qHXbGOUuF9YC&pg=PA252&dq=&hl=en&ei=5wHiTpzMGMrT8gPIl52FBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CEMQ6AEwATgUv=onepage&q=world%20muslim%2080%25%20sunni&f=false |date=4 September 2015 }} “probably 80% of the world’s Muslims are Sunni”

From Sunni Islam: See:

• Eastern Europe Russia and Central Asia {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904002442books.google.com/books?id=NI1G_9j1AhcC&pg=PA51&dq=&hl=en&ei=yQDiTt_qE9C28QOKn9yMBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CEgQ6AEwAjgKv=onepage&q=world%20muslim%2080%25%20sunni&f=false |date=4 September 2015 }} “some 80% of the world’s Muslims are Sunni”
• WEB,www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html, Religions, The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the world’s Muslim population, 8 December 2011, dead,archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20110609062501www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html, 9 June 2011, dmy-all,
• Sue Hellett;U.S. should focus on sanctions against Iran {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317195234www.galesburg.com/newsnow/x917961022/Sue-Hulett-U-S-should-focus-on-sanctions-against-Iran |date=17 March 2012 }} “Sunnis make up over 75 percent of the world’s Muslim population”
• Iran, Israel and the United States {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904002442books.google.com/books?id=nVcmKRyID2EC&pg=PA15&dq=&hl=en&ei=e4XoTt-TDIaL8gOG692iCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CFEQ6AEwBTgUv=onepage&q=sunni%2075%25&f=false |date=4 September 2015 }} “Sunni, accounts for over 75% of the Islamic population”
• A dictionary of modern politics {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904002442books.google.com/books?id=qHXbGOUuF9YC&pg=PA252&dq=&hl=en&ei=5wHiTpzMGMrT8gPIl52FBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CEMQ6AEwATgUv=onepage&q=world%20muslim%2080%25%20sunni&f=false |date=4 September 2015 }} “probably 80% of the world’s Muslims are Sunni”
• WEB,pewforum.org/Muslim/Mapping-the-Global-Muslim-Population.aspx, Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World’s Muslim Population, 24 August 2010, Pew Research Center, Of the total Muslim population, 10–13% are Shia Muslims and 87–90% are Sunni Muslims., 7 October 2009, 25 December 2018,www.pewforum.org/muslim/mapping-the-global-muslim-population.aspx," title="web.archive.org/web/20181225201807www.pewforum.org/muslim/mapping-the-global-muslim-population.aspx,">web.archive.org/web/20181225201807www.pewforum.org/muslim/mapping-the-global-muslim-population.aspx, live,
• NEWS,news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/6213248.stm, Quick guide: Sunnis and Shias, BBC News, The great majority of Muslims are Sunnis – estimates suggest the figure is somewhere between 85% and 90%., 18 December 2011, 6 December 2011, live,news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/6213248.stm," title="web.archive.org/web/20111124100835news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/6213248.stm,">web.archive.org/web/20111124100835news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/6213248.stm, 24 November 2011, dmy-all,
• NEWS,www.usatoday.com/news/religion/2007-09-24-muslim-tension_N.htm, Tension between Sunnis, Shiites emerging in USA, USA Today, Among the world’s estimated 1.4 billion Muslims, about 85% are Sunni and about 15% are Shiite., 18 December 2011, 24 September 2007, live,www.usatoday.com/news/religion/2007-09-24-muslim-tension_N.htm," title="web.archive.org/web/20111210020455www.usatoday.com/news/religion/2007-09-24-muslim-tension_N.htm,">web.archive.org/web/20111210020455www.usatoday.com/news/religion/2007-09-24-muslim-tension_N.htm, 10 December 2011, dmy-all,
• Sunni Islam: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904002442books.google.com/books?id=D5_N97bAiJ0C&lpg=PP1&pg=PA3 |date=4 September 2015 }} “Sunni Islam is the dominant division of the global Muslim community, and throughout history it has made up a substantial majority (85 to 90 percent) of that community.”

See:

• BOOK, Breach of Faith, Estimates of around 20 million would be appropriate, Human Rights Watch, 8,books.google.com/books?id=yi8ONIe1fv4C&pg=PA8, 29 March 2014, June 2005, 14 March 2017,web.archive.org/web/20170314122619/https://books.google.com/books?id=yi8ONIe1fv4C&pg=PA8, live,
• BOOK,books.google.com/books?id=dgtgGhMUgIUC&pg=PA72, Asian Religions in British Columbia, The community currently numbers around 15 million spread around the world, Larry, DeVries, Don, Baker, Dan, Overmyer, amp, 29 March 2014, 978-0-7748-1662-5, University of Columbia Press, 2011-01-01, 14 March 2017,web.archive.org/web/20170314152120/https://books.google.com/books?id=dgtgGhMUgIUC&pg=PA72, live,
• BOOK,books.google.com/books?id=OZbyz_Hr-eIC&pg=PA23, Encyclopedia of Islam, The total size of the Ahmadiyya community in 2001 was estimated to be more than 10 million, Juan Eduardo Campo, 24, 29 March 2014, 978-0-8160-5454-1, 2009, Infobase, 14 March 2017,web.archive.org/web/20170314141228/https://books.google.com/books?id=OZbyz_Hr-eIC&pg=PA23, live,
• WEB,www.pbs.org/wnet/religionandethics/2012/01/20/january-20-2012-ahmadiyya-muslims/10124/, Ahmadiyya Muslims, 20 January 2012, pbs.org, 6 October 2013, live,archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20131006204711www.pbs.org/wnet/religionandethics/2012/01/20/january-20-2012-ahmadiyya-muslims/10124/, 6 October 2013, dmy-all,
• A figure of 10–20 million represents approximately 1% of the Muslim population. See also Ahmadiyya by country.

WEB,www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/the-future-of-the-global-muslim-population/, Number of Muslim by country, 27 January 2011, nationmaster.com, live,www.pewforum.org/The-Future-of-the-Global-Muslim-Population.aspx," title="web.archive.org/web/20110209094904www.pewforum.org/The-Future-of-the-Global-Muslim-Population.aspx,">web.archive.org/web/20110209094904www.pewforum.org/The-Future-of-the-Global-Muslim-Population.aspx, 2011-02-09, dmy-all, 4 April 2021, }}

External links

{{wiktionary|مسلمان}}{{Wiktionary|Wikisaurus:Muslim}}{{Commons category|Muslims}}

• Ritual Prayer: Its Meaning and Manner – The Islamic Supreme Council of America.
• Muhammad and the First Muslim Ummah – University of Chicago
• Islamophobia Today Newspaper {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922184915www.islamophobiatoday.com/ |date=22 September 2021 }} – An Islamophobia news clearing house
• Sammy Aziz Rahmatti, Understanding and Countering Islamophobia
• (Wiktionary:Wikisaurus:Muslim|WikiSaurus:Muslim)
• WEB,www.usnews.com/news/religion/articles/2008/04/07/understanding-islam, Understanding Islam, Susan Headden, 7 April 2008, 25 August 2010,
• WEB,www.adherents.com/Religions_By_Adherents.html,www.adherents.com/Religions_By_Adherents.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20000816004118www.adherents.com/Religions_By_Adherents.html,">web.archive.org/web/20000816004118www.adherents.com/Religions_By_Adherents.html, usurped, 16 August 2000, Major Religions of the World Ranked by Number of Adherents, Adherents.com, 3 July 2007,

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