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{{Short description|White Americans who are not Hispanic}}
57.84% of the total US population (2020)
and 12,192,866 (white in combination) 3.67% of the total U.S. population (2020)| popplace = Throughout the United States, less common in
Hawaii,
California,
New Mexico, and
Texas.| langs = Predominantly
American EnglishEuropean AmericansEuropean diasporaArab AmericansPersian Americans| native_name = | native_name_lang = }}Non-Hispanic Whites, Non-Latino Whites, or more simply White Americans, are Americans classified by the United States census as “white” and not Hispanic.WEB,quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/meta/long_68172.htm, White persons, percent, 2000, 4 January 2011, 19 August 2017, dead,quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/meta/long_68172.htm," title="web.archive.org/web/20110104065256quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/meta/long_68172.htm,">web.archive.org/web/20110104065256quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/meta/long_68172.htm, 4 January 2011, WEB,www.census.gov, U.S. Census website, United States Census Bureau, 19 August 2017, According to the United States Census Bureau yearly estimates, as of July 1, 2022, Non-Hispanic whites make up about 59.3% of the U.S. population, or 197,639,521 people.weblink The United States Census Bureau defines white to include European Americans, Middle Eastern Americans, and North African Americans.WEB,www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-02.pdf, Definition of Race Categories Used in the 2010 Census, March 2011, Karen R. Humes, Nicholas A. Jones, Roberto R. Ramirez, United States Census Bureau, 3, June 15, 2022,web.archive.org/web/20140303135603/https://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-02.pdf, March 3, 2014, Americans of European ancestry are divided into various ethnic groups. More than half of the white population are German, Irish, English, French and Polish Americans. Many Americans are also the product of other European groups that migrated to parts of the US in the 19th and 20th centuries, as the bulk of immigrants from various countries in Northern, Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe, as well as the Caucasus region, migrated to the United States.The Non-Hispanic White population was heavily derived from British, as well as French settlement of the Americas, in addition to settlement by other Europeans such as the Germans (see Pennsylvania Dutch), Swiss, Dutch, Austrians, and Swedes that began in the 17th century (see History of the United States). The early Spanish presence in the country contributed a certain degree of that ancestry to the white population in parts of the south and southwest, as many Americans of Isleño, Basque, or other colonial Spanish heritage do not necessarily identify as “Hispanic or Latino” on the census, or are interchangeable with the “non-Hispanic White” category, as they lack any ties to Latin America, or recent ties to Spain.Continued growth since the early 19th century is attributed to sustained very high birth rates alongside relatively low death rates among settlers and natives alike. There has also been periodically massive immigration from European and West Asian countries, especially Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands, France, as well as Poland, Russia, Norway, Finland, the Czech Republic, the countries of the former Ottoman Empire (Turkey, Lebanon, and Syria), Portugal, Serbia, Croatia, Hungary, Ukraine, Armenia, Iran and more. Significant migration of Jews of European, North African, and Middle Eastern descent into the United States is also notable.The classification is also typically used to refer to an English-speaking American, in distinction to Spanish speakers.WEB,www.leagle.com/decision/1980709494FSupp215_1669/ROACH%20v.%20DRESSER%20IND.%20VALVE%20&%20INSTRUMENT%20DIVISION, ROACH v. DRESSER IND. VALVE & INSTRUMENT DIVISION – 494 F.Supp. 215 (1980) – Leagle.com, leagle.com, In some parts of the country,{{where|date=February 2022}} the term Anglo-American is used to refer to non-Hispanic white English speakers as distinct from Spanish and Portuguese or Italian speakers although the term is more frequently used to refer to people of British or English descent and might include white people of Hispanic descent who no longer speak Spanish.en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/anglo" title="web.archive.org/web/20170829162908en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/anglo">Oxford English Dictionary: “Anglo” North American A white English-speaking person of British or northern European origin, in particular (in the U.S.) as distinct from a Hispanic American or (in Canada) as distinct from a French-speaker.Mish, Frederic C., Editor in Chief Webster’s Tenth New Collegiate Dictionary Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S.A.:1994--Merriam-Webster See original definition (definition #1) of Anglo in English: It is defined as a synonym for Anglo-American--Page 86WEB,dictionary.reference.com/browse/Anglo, Anglo - Definitions from Dictionary.com; American Heritage Dictionary, 2008-03-29, Usage Note: In contemporary American usage, Anglo is used primarily in direct contrast to Hispanic or Latino. In this context it is not limited to persons of English or even British descent, making mother tongue (in this case English) the primary factor. This in parts of the United States such as the Southwest United States with large Hispanic populations, an American of Polish, Irish, or German heritage might be termed an Anglo just as readily as a person of English descent. However, in parts of the country where the Hispanic community is smaller or nonexistent, or in areas where ethnic distinctions among European groups remain strong, Anglo has little currency as a catch-all term for non-Hispanic whites. Anglo is also used in non-Hispanic contexts. In Canada, where its usage dates at least to 1800, the distinction is between persons of English and French descent. And in American historical contexts Anglo is apt to be used more strictly to refer to persons of English heritage, as in this passage describing the politics of nation-building in pre-Revolutionary America: “The ‘unity’ of the American people derived ... from the ability and willingness of an Anglo elite to stamp its image on other peoples coming to this country” (Benjamin Schwarz)., Lexico Publishing Group,dictionary.reference.com/browse/Anglo," title="web.archive.org/web/20080315013806dictionary.reference.com/browse/Anglo,">web.archive.org/web/20080315013806dictionary.reference.com/browse/Anglo, 15 March 2008, live, History (File:Immigration to the United States over time by region.svg|thumb|Immigration to the United States over time by region. From after the Hart–Celler Act was passed, European migration became significantly dwarfed by non-European immigration especially from Latin America and Asia in particular.)The first Europeans who came to present United States or Canada were Norse explorers around the year 1000{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}; however, they were ultimately absorbed or killed off, leaving no permanent settlements behind.NEWS,www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=15040888, Coming to America: Who Was First?, NPR.org, 2018-08-19, en, In the 1500s Spain founded several settlements in the contiguous United States, like San AgustÃn. Later, Pilgrims and colonists came in the 1600s along the East Coast, mainly from England, in search of economic opportunities and religious freedom.WEB,www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/colonial/jb_colonial_subj.html, Colonial America (1492-1763), www.americaslibrary.gov, 2018-08-19, Over time emigrants from Europe settled the coastal regions developing a commercial economy. Between one-half and two-thirds of White immigrants to the American colonies between the 1630s and American Revolution had come as indentured servants.Galenson 1984: 1 The total number of European immigrants to all 13 colonies before 1775 was about 500,000; of these 55,000 were involuntary prisoners. Of the 450,000 or so European arrivals who came voluntarily, an estimated 48% were indentured.Christopher Tomlins, “Reconsidering Indentured Servitude: European Migration and the Early American Labor Force, 1600–1775,” Labor History (2001) 42#1 pp 5–43, at p.By the time of American Revolution there were about 2.5 million Whites in the colonies.Wells, R. V. (2015). Population of the British Colonies in America Before 1776: A Survey of Census Data. Princeton University Press. The white population was largely of English, Irish, Scotch-Irish, Scottish, German, Dutch and French Huguenot descent at the time.Szucs, L. D., & Luebking, S. H. (Eds.). (2006). The source: A guidebook to American genealogy. Ancestry Publishing. Between the revolution and the 1820s there was relatively little immigration to the United States. Starting after the 1820s large scale migration to the United States began and lasted until the 1920s.WEB,www.prb.org/us-migration-trends/, Trends in Migration to the U.S. – Population Reference Bureau, www.prb.org, en-US, 2018-08-19, Many of the newcomers were Catholics of Irish,Byrne, James Patrick, Philip Coleman, Jason Francis King, ed. Ireland and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History. Vol. 1. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2008. (pg. 31-34) {{ISBN|1-85109-614-0}} Italian,WEB,www.pbs.org/destinationamerica/usim_wn_noflash_5.html, Destination America . When did they come? {{!, PBS|website=www.pbs.org|access-date=2018-08-19}} and PolishWEB,www2.needham.k12.ma.us/nhs/cur/kane98/kane_p3_immig/Poland/Polish.html, Polish Immigration, www2.needham.k12.ma.us, 2018-08-19, descent which lead to a nativist backlash. Some Americans worried about the growing Catholic population and wanted to maintain the United States as an Anglo Saxon Protestant nation.NEWS,www.nationalgeographic.com/archaeology-and-history/magazine/2017/07-08/know-nothings-and-nativism/, Meet the 19th-century Political Party Founded on Ethnic Hate, 2017-08-16, 2018-08-19, NEWS,www.politico.com/magazine/story/2015/09/when-america-hated-catholics-213177, When America Hated Catholics, POLITICO Magazine, 2018-08-19, en, Over the course of the 19th century, European mass emigration to the United States and high birthrates grew the white population.NEWS,www.migrationpolicy.org/article/european-immigrants-united-states, European Immigrants in the United States, Batalova, Jeanne Batalova Elijah Alperin and Jeanne, 2018-07-31, migrationpolicy.org, 2018-08-19, en, NEWS,www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323375204578270053387770718, America’s Baby Bust, Last, Jonathan V., 2013-02-12, Wall Street Journal, 2018-08-19, en-US, 0099-9660, Tolnay, S. E., Graham, S. N., & Guest, A. M. (1982). Own-child estimates of US white fertility, 1886–99. Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History, 15(3), 127-138.After the American Revolution, white Americans settled the entire nation west of Appalachian Mountains, ultimately displacing the Natives and populating the entire country by the late 19th century. All immigration to the United States declined markedly between the mid-1920s until the 1960s due to a combination of immigration laws, the Great Depression, and World War II.WEB,www.libertyellisfoundation.org/immigration-timeline, Immigration Timeline - The Statue of Liberty & Ellis Island, www.libertyellisfoundation.org, 2018-08-19, Waves of Jewish, Syrian, and Lebanese immigration also occurred around this time.WEB,www.loc.gov/item/prn-11-240/2011-national-film-registry-more-than-a-box-of-chocolates/2011-12-28/, 2011 National Film Registry More Than a Box of Chocolates, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA, BOOK, Robert Moses Shapiro, Why Didn’t the Press Shout?: American & International Journalism During the Holocaust,books.google.com/books?id=I3lItIwOzCkC&pg=PA18, 2003, KTAV, 18, 9780881257755, WEB,www.utica.edu/academic/institutes/ethnic/lebanese.cfm, Lebanese and Syrian Americans | Utica College, www.utica.edu, Since 1965 white migration to the United States has been relatively minor compared to other racial and ethnic groups. During the 1990s there was a moderate increase from former communist countries of the Eastern Bloc and the Soviet Union.NEWS,www.migrationpolicy.org/article/diasporas-and-development-post-communist-eurasia, Diasporas and Development in Post-Communist Eurasia, Heleniak, Tim, 2013-06-28, migrationpolicy.org, 2018-08-19, en, At the same time birthrates amongst Whites have fallen below replacement level.NEWS,www.nytimes.com/2018/06/20/us/white-minority-population.html, Fewer Births Than Deaths Among Whites in Majority of U.S. States, The New York Times, 20 June 2018, 2018-08-19, en, Tavernise, Sabrina, In 1980, non-Hispanic whites made up about 80 percent of the U.S. population, but that number has declined sharply in recent years.NEWS, DE VISÉ, DANIEL, America’s white majority is aging out,thehill.com/homenews/race-politics/4138228-americas-white-majority-is-aging-out/, The Hill, 2023, Culture White Americans have developed their own music, art, cuisine, fashion, and political economy largely based on a combination of traditional European ones.WEB,www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/between-the-lines/201007/going-where-glenn-beck-wouldnt-defining-white-culture, Going Where Glenn Beck Wouldn’t: Defining White Culture, Mikhail, Lyubansk, Psychology Today, en-US, 2018-08-19, NEWS,www.livescience.com/28945-american-culture.html, American Culture: Traditions and Customs of the United States, Ann Zimmermann, Kim, July 13, 2017, Live Science, 2018-08-19, Today, the majority of White Americans are Protestants, although there are also large groups of Catholics and Jews throughout the population.NEWS,www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/racial-and-ethnic-composition/white/, Religious Landscape Study, 2015-05-11, Pew Research Center’s Religion & Public Life Project, 2018-08-19, en-US, Many Europeans often Anglicized their names and over time most Europeans adopted English as their primary language and intermarried with other white groups.NEWS,www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/ask-smithsonian-did-ellis-island-officials-really-change-names-immigrants-180961544/, Did Ellis Island Officials Really Change the Names of Immigrants?, Ault, Alicia, Smithsonian, 2018-08-19, en, WEB,www.genealogy.com/articles/research/88_donna.html, Immigrant Names and Name Changes at Ellis Island - Genealogy.com, www.genealogy.com, 2018-08-19, Demographics (File:Non-Hispanic White Americans population pyramid in 2020.svg|thumb|Non-Hispanic White population pyramid in 2020) Population File:Non-Hispanic White Americans 1930 County.png|1930 (Non-Mexican White)File:Non-Hispanic White Americans 1980 County.png|1980File:Non-Hispanic White Americans 1990 County.png|1990File:Non-Hispanic White Americans 2000 County.png|2000File:Non-Hispanic White Americans 2010 County.png|2010File:Non-Hispanic White Americans 2020 County.png|2020Non-Hispanic Whites are the largest racial and ethnic group in America, being the majority of America’s population at 59.3%, or 197,639,521 people.WEB, U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: United States,www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/US/IPE120221, 2023-04-23, www.census.gov, en, Although the percentage has been declining in the last few decades, from 89.5% in 1950 to 59.3% in 2022.WEB, Poston, Dudley, Sáenz, Rogelio, The US white majority will soon disappear forever,phys.org/news/2019-04-white-majority.html, 2023-04-23, phys.org, en, According to generational data from the 2020 census, the racial diversity of each age group is increasing. White non-Hispanics make up 77% of the population over the age of 75, 67% of the population between the ages of 55 and 64, 55% of the population between the ages of 35 and 44, and just 50% of the population between the ages of 18 and 24. In actual Non-Hispanic whites have still been growing. From 2000 - 2010 the Non-Hispanic White population grew from 194,552,774 to 196,817,552. This was a growth of 1.2% over the 10-year period, due to population momentum.WEB, 29 September 2011, White U.S. population grows but drops in overall percentage,www.cnn.com/2011/09/29/us/census/index.html, 19 August 2017, CNN, The population continued to grow to 196,817,552 in 2010 to 197,639,521 in 2022. {| class=“wikitable” | www.census.gov/library/publications/1992/dec/cp-1.html, 2023-04-28, Census.gov, en, WEB, 2020-01-02, 3 ways that the U.S. population will change over the next decade,www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/3-ways-that-the-u-s-population-will-change-over-the-next-decade, 2023-05-12, PBS NewsHour, en-us, !Year!Total Population!Percentage of the American population!Actual Increase|1980|180,256,103|79.6%|
|1990|{{Increase}}188,128,296|{{Decrease}}75.6%|{{Increase}}4.36%
|2000|{{Increase}}194,552,774|{{Decrease}}69.1%|{{Increase}}3.41%
|2010|{{Increase}}196,817,552|{{Decrease}}63.7%|{{Increase}}1.16%
|2022(est.)|{{Increase}}197,639,521|{{Decrease}}59.3%|{{Increase}}0.42%
(File:Non-Hispanic White population pyramid from 1990 to 2020.gif|thumb|Non-Hispanic White population pyramid from 1990 to 2020)The reason for falling percentage of non-Latino/Hispanic white Americans in the last century is due to multiple factors:1.
Non-European Immigration. The United States has the largest number of immigrants in the world with the vast majority coming from countries where the population is of non-White and/or Latin American origin. Immigration to the United States from European countries has been in a steady decline since World War II averaging 56% of all immigrants in the 1950s and declining to 35% of all immigrants in the 1960s, 20% in the 1970s, 11% in the 1980s, 14% in the 1990s, and 13% in the 2000s. In 2009, approximately 90% of all immigrants came from non-European countries.WEB,
www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/statistics/yearbook/2009/ois_yb_2009.pdf, US Office of Immigration Statistics: 2009 Yearbook of Immigration Statistics, 2013-06-17, The United States does receive a small number of non-Latino White immigrants, mainly from countries such as Canada, Poland, Russia, and the UK.WEB,
www.dhs.gov/immigration-statistics, Immigration Data & Statistics - Homeland Security, Dhs.gov, 19 July 2012, 2017-08-19, 2.
Intermarriage. The United States is seeing an unprecedented increase in intermarriage between the various racial and ethnic groups. In 2008, a record 14.6% of all new marriages in the United States were between spouses of a different race or ethnicity from one another. 9% of non-Latino whites who married in 2008 married either a non-White or Latino. Among all newlyweds in 2008, intermarried pairings were primarily white-Latino
of any race (41%) as compared to white-Asian (15%), white-black (11%), and other combinations (33%). Other combinations consists of pairings between different minority groups, multi-racial people, and Native Indigenous Americans.WEB,
pewsocialtrends.org/files/2010/10/755-marrying-out.pdf, Marrying Out : One-in-Seven New U.S. Marriages is Interracial or Interethnic, Pewsocialtrends.org, 2017-08-19,
www.pewsocialtrends.org/files/2010/10/755-marrying-out.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20160611003916
www.pewsocialtrends.org/files/2010/10/755-marrying-out.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20160611003916
www.pewsocialtrends.org/files/2010/10/755-marrying-out.pdf, 2016-06-11, dead, The children of such unions would not automatically be classified as white non-Latino. One self-identifies his or her racial and/or ethnic category.3.
Methodology. In the 2000 Census, people were allowed to check more than one race in addition to choosing “Latino”. There was strong opposition to this from some civil rights activists who feared that this would reduce the size of various racial minorities. The government responded by counting those who are white and of one minority race or ethnicity as minorities for the purposes of civil-rights monitoring and enforcement. Hence one could be 1/8th Black and still be counted as a minority.NEWS,
www.nytimes.com/2013/08/22/opinion/fix-the-census-archaic-racial-categories.html?pagewanted=all, The New York Times, “Fix the Census’ Archaic Racial Categories”, KENNETH PREWITT, August 21, 2013, Also, because this does not apply to Latino origin (one is either Latino or not, but cannot be both Latino
and non-Latino), the offspring of Latinos and non-Latinos are usually counted as Latino.WEB,
www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/politics/2012/05/majority_minority_america_will_more_hispanics_and_asians_become_white_.html, The Myth of Majority-Minority America, Matthew, Yglesias, 22 May 2012, Slate.com, 19 August 2017, In 2017, the
Pew Research Center reported that high intermarriage rates and declining Latin American immigration has led to 11% of US adults with Latino ancestry (5.0 million people) to no longer identify as Latino.WEB, Gonzalex-Barrera, Ana, Lopez, Gustavo, Lopez, Mark Hugo, Hispanic Identity Fades Across Generations as Immigrant Connections Fall Away,
Pew Research Center, December 20, 2017,
www.pewhispanic.org/2017/12/20/hispanic-identity-fades-across-generations-as-immigrant-connections-fall-away/, First-generation immigrants from Latin America identify themselves as “Latino” at a very high rate (97%), which slowly falls in each succeeding generation (in the second generation, to 92%; in the third, to 77%; and in the fourth, to 50%).4.
Attrition. Minority populations are younger than non-Latino Whites. The national median age in 2011 was 37.3 years, with non-Latino Whites having the oldest median age (42.3); by contrast, Latinos had the youngest median age (27.6). Non-Latino Blacks (32.9) and non-Latino Asians (35.9) also are younger than whites.WEB,
www.pewsocialtrends.org/2012/05/17/explaining-why-minority-births-now-outnumber-white-births/, Explaining Why Minority Births Now Outnumber White Births, Jeffrey S., Passel, Gretchen, Livingston, D’Vera, Cohn, 17 May 2012, Pewsocialtrends.org, 19 August 2017, In 2013, the Census Bureau reported that for the first time, due to the more advanced age profile of the non-Latino White population, non-Latino Whites died at a faster rate than non-Latino White births.NEWS,
www.nytimes.com/2013/06/13/us/census-benchmark-for-white-americans-more-deaths-than-births.html, The New York Times, “Census Benchmark for White Americans: More Deaths Than Births”, Sam, Roberts, June 13, 2013,
Births
In 2011, for the first time in
American history, Non-Hispanic Whites accounted for fewer than half of the births in the country, accounting for 49.6% of total births.NEWS,
www.nytimes.com/2012/05/17/us/Whites-account-for-under-half-of-births-in-us.html, Whites Account for Under Half of Births in U.S., Sabrina, Tavernise, 17 May 2012,
The New York Times, 19 August 2017, This increased to 51.5% in 2021, regaining the majority in the process.WEB, March, Louis T., 2022-06-08, Good news and bad news about American fertility,
mercatornet.com/good-news-and-bad-news-about-american-fertility/79282/, 2023-04-23, MercatorNet, en-AU, This is likely due to the birth rate declining among people of color. For example, between 1990 and 2010, the birth rate declined 29 percent among Blacks, 25 percent among Asians, 21 percent among Hispanics, but only 5 percent among White people.WEB, The Black birth rate converges on the White rate,
www.epi.org/blog/black-birth-rate-converges-white-rate/, 2023-04-29, Economic Policy Institute, en-US, If this trend continues the White birth rate will surpass the Black birth rate in a few years.A total of 1,887,656 babies were born in 2021, a 2.39% increase from 2020. Additionally, researchers found that the White fertility rate increased from 1.551 in 2020 to 1.598 in 2021, the first substantial rise since 2014.WEB, Osterman, Michelle J.K., Hamilton, Brady E., Martin, Joyce A., Driscoll, Anne K., Valenzuela, Claudia P., January 31, 2023, Births: Final Data for 2021,
www.cdc.gov/nchdata/nvsr/nvsr72/nvsr72-01.pdf, National Vital Statistics, Although the exact reason of why the number of births rose in 2021 is unknown, a study showed that the uptick in births came among college-educated women and native-born Americans.WEB, We’ve Had a COVID Baby Boomlet. Will It Last?, https:www.bu.edu/articles/2023/covid-baby-boom/, 2023-04-29, Boston University, en, Despite the increase, it is still below the
replacement level of 2.100.According to an analysis released in 2023 by
William H. Frey, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution, only 47 percent of American children are non-Hispanic white.{| class=“wikitable“|+Number of White births from 2016 to 2021!Year!Number of Births!General Fertility Rate!Birth Rate!Total Fertility Rate
|2016|2,056,332|58.8|10.5|1.719
|2017|{{Decrease}}1,992,461|{{Decrease}}57.2|{{Decrease}}10.2|{{Decrease}}1.666
|2018|{{Decrease}}1,956,413|{{Decrease}}56.3|{{Decrease}}10.0|{{Decrease}}1.640
|2019|{{Decrease}}1,915,912 |{{Decrease}}55.3|{{Decrease}}9.8|{{Decrease}}1.610
|2020|{{Decrease}}1,843,432 |{{Decrease}}53.0|{{Decrease}}9.4|{{Decrease}}1.551
|2021|{{Increase}}1,887,656|{{Increase}}54.4|{{Increase}}9.7|{{Increase}}1.598
Religion
{{Further|White Anglo-Saxon Protestants|Protestantism in the United States|Religion in the United States}}
Population
In 2014, the religious majority among Whites were Christians at 70%, more specifically Protestants at 48%. But, there are also large groups of Catholics and Jews. Furthermore, 34% of White Americans go to religious services weekly, and an additional 32% go to religious services once or twice a month.WEB, NW, 1615 L. St, Suite 800Washington, Inquiries, DC 20036USA202-419-4300 {{!, Main202-857-8562 {{!}} Fax202-419-4372 {{!}} Media |title=Religious Landscape Study |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/religious-landscape-study/ |access-date=2023-04-25 |website=Pew Research Center’s Religion & Public Life Project |language=en-US}} Although historically, White Christians made up the
majority of the
American population, the number of White Christians has now plateaued at about 44% of the country’s population.WEB, Sullivan, Becky, July 8, 2021, The Proportion Of White Christians In The U.S. Has Stopped Shrinking, New Study Finds,
www.npr.org/2021/07/08/1014047885/americas-white-christian-plurality-has-stopped-shrinking-a-new-study-finds, National Public Radio,
White alone non-Latino population by state or territory (1990–2020)WEB>TITLE2012 AMERICAN COMMUNITY SURVEY 1-YEAR ESTIMATES, urfactfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pidACS_12_1YR_DP05&prodTypetable, archive-ur
factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pidACS_12_1YR_DP05&prodTypetable," title="archive.today/20200212212412
factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pidACS_12_1YR_DP05&prodTypetable,">archive.today/20200212212412
factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pidACS_12_1YR_DP05&prodTypetable, url-statusdead, archive-date12 February 2020, publisherAmerican FactFinder, U.S. Census Bureau, access-date23 March 2014, WEB, ur
www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.2010.html, title2010 Census, websiteCensus.gov, access-date2017-08-19, WEB, ur
data.census.gov/cedsci/table?tidACSDT1Y2018.B03002&lastDisplayedRow20&hidePreviewtrue&vintage2018&layercounty&cidB03002_001E&g0100000US.04000.001&moefalse&tpfalse, titleData, websitedata.census.gov, access-date2020-04-29, WEB, title2020 Census Demographic Data Map Viewer, ur
mtgis-portal.geo.census.gov/arcgis/apps/MapSeries/index.html?appid2566121a73de463995ed2b2fd7ff6eb7, publisherUS Census Bureau, access-date24 September 2021, WEB, titleRace and Ethnicity in the United States: 2010 Census and 2020 Census, ur
www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/race-and-ethnicity-in-the-united-state-2010-and-2020-census.html, publisherUS Census Bureau, access-date24 September 2021, “>
! State/Territory||Pop 1990||% pop1990||Pop 2000||% pop2000||Pop 2010||% pop2010||Pop 2020||% pop2020|| data-sort-type=“number” |% growth 2010-2020|| data-sort-type=“number” |% pop1990-2020
| Alabama}} Alabama | 2,960,167 | 73.3% | 3,125,819 | 70.3% | 3,204,402 | 67.0% | 3,171,351 | 63.1% | -1.0% | -11.0% |
| Alaska}} Alaska | 406,722 | 73.9% | 423,788 | 67.6% | 455,320 | 64.1% | 421,758 | 57.5% | -7.4% | -22.2% |
| Arizona}} Arizona | 2,626,185 | 71.7% | 3,274,258 | 63.8% | 3,695,647 | 57.8% | 3,816,547 | 53.4% | +3.3% | -25.5% |
| Arkansas}} Arkansas | 1,933,082 | 82.2% | 2,100,135 | 78.6% | 2,173,469 | 74.5% | 2,063,550 | 68.5% | -5.0% | -16.7% |
| California}} California | 17,029,126 | 57.2% | 15,816,790 | 46.7% | 14,956,253 | 40.1% | 13,714,587 | 34.7% | -8.3% | -39.3% |
| Colorado}} Colorado | 2,658,945 | 80.7% | 3,202,880 | 74.5% | 3,520,793 | 70.0% | 3,760,663 | 65.1% | +6.8% | -19.3% |
| Connecticut}} Connecticut | 2,754,184 | 83.8% | 2,638,845 | 77.5% | 2,546,262 | 71.2% | 2,279,232 | 63.2% | -10.5% | -24.6% |
| Delaware}} Delaware | 528,092 | 79.3% | 567,973 | 72.5% | 586,752 | 65.3% | 579,851 | 58.6% | -1.2% | -26.1% |
| District of Columbia}} District of Columbia | 166,131 | 27.4% | 159,178 | 27.8% | 209,464 | 34.8% | 261,771 | 38.0% | +25.0% | +38.7% |
| Florida}} Florida | 9,475,326 | 73.2% | 10,458,509 | 65.4% | 10,884,722 | 57.9% | 11,100,503 | 51.5% | +1.2% | -29.6% |
| Georgia (U.S. state)}} Georgia | 4,543,425 | 70.1% | 5,128,661 | 62.6% | 5,413,920 | 55.9% | 5,362,156 | 50.1% | -1.0% | -28.5% |
| Hawaii}} Hawaii | 347,644 | 31.4% | 277,091 | 22.9% | 309,343 | 22.7% | 314,365 | 21.6% | +1.6% | -31.2% |
| Idaho}} Idaho | 928,661 | 92.2% | 1,139,291 | 88.0% | 1,316,243 | 84.0% | 1,450,523 | 78.9% | +10.2% | -11.4% |
| Illinois}} Illinois | 8,550,208 | 74.8% | 8,424,140 | 67.8% | 8,167,753 | 63.7% | 7,472,751 | 58.3% | -8.5% | -22.1% |
| Indiana}} Indiana | 4,965,242 | 89.6% | 5,219,373 | 85.8% | 5,286,453 | 81.5% | 5,121,004 | 75.5% | -0.4% | -15.7% |
| Iowa}} Iowa | 2,663,840 | 95.9% | 2,710,344 | 92.6% | 2,701,123 | 88.7% | 2,638,201 | 82.7% | -6.8% | -10.9% |
| Kansas}} Kansas | 2,190,524 | 88.4% | 2,233,997 | 83.1% | 2,230,539 | 78.2% | 2,122,575 | 72.3% | -4.9% | -18.3% |
| Kentucky}} Kentucky | 3,378,022 | 91.7% | 3,608,013 | 89.3% | 3,745,655 | 86.3% | 3,664,764 | 81.3% | -2.2% | -11.3% |
| Louisiana}} Louisiana | 2,776,022 | 65.8% | 2,794,391 | 62.5% | 2,734,884 | 60.3% | 2,596,702 | 55.8% | -5.1% | -15.2% |
| Maine}} Maine | 1,203,357 | 98.0% | 1,230,297 | 96.5% | 1,254,297 | 94.4% | 1,228,264 | 90.2% | -2.1% | -8.0% |
| Maryland}} Maryland | 3,326,109 | 69.6% | 3,286,547 | 62.1% | 3,157,958 | 54.7% | 2,913,782 | 47.2% | -7.7% | -32.2% |
| Massachusetts}} Massachusetts | 5,280,292 | 87.8% | 5,198,359 | 81.9% | 4,984,800 | 76.1% | 4,748,897 | 67.6% | -4.7% | -23.0% |
| Michigan}} Michigan | 7,649,951 | 82.3% | 7,806,691 | 78.6% | 7,569,939 | 76.6% | 7,295,651 | 72.4% | -3.6% | -12% |
| Minnesota}} Minnesota | 4,101,266 | 93.7% | 4,337,143 | 88.2% | 4,405,142 | 83.1% | 4,353,880 | 76.3% | -1.2% | -15.3% |
| Mississippi}} Mississippi | 1,624,198 | 63.1% | 1,727,908 | 60.7% | 1,722,287 | 58.0% | 1,639,077 | 55.4% | -4.8% | -12.2% |
| Missouri}} Missouri | 4,448,465 | 86.9% | 4,686,474 | 83.8% | 4,850,748 | 81.0% | 4,663,907 | 75.8% | -3.9% | -12.8% |
| Montana}} Montana | 733,878 | 91.8% | 807,823 | 89.5% | 868,628 | 87.8% | 901,318 | 83.1% | +3.8% | -9.5% |
| Nebraska}} Nebraska | 1,460,095 | 92.5% | 1,494,494 | 87.3% | 1,499,753 | 82.1% | 1,484,687 | 75.7% | -1.0% | -28.2% |
| Nevada}} Nevada | 1,929,661 | 78.7% | 1,303,001 | 65.2% | 1,462,081 | 54.1% | 1,425,952 | 45.9% | -3.5% | -41.7% |
| New Hampshire}} New Hampshire | 1,079,484 | 97.3% | 1,175,252 | 95.1% | 1,215,050 | 92.3% | 1,200,649 | 87.2% | -1.2% | -10.4% |
| New Jersey}} New Jersey | 5,718,966 | 74.0% | 5,557,209 | 66.0% | 5,214,878 | 59.3% | 4,816,381 | 51.9% | -7.6% | -30% |
| New Mexico}} New Mexico | 764,164 | 50.4% | 813,495 | 44.7% | 833,810 | 40.5% | 772,952 | 36.5% | -7.3% | -26.6% |
| New York}} New York | 12,460,189 | 69.3% | 11,760,981 | 62.0% | 11,304,247 | 58.3% | 10,598,907 | 52.5% | -6.4% | -24.2% |
| North Carolina}} North Carolina | 4,971,127 | 75.0% | 5,647,155 | 70.2% | 6,223,995 | 65.3% | 6,312,148 | 60.5% | +1.4% | -19.3 pp |
| North Dakota}} North Dakota | 601,592 | 94.2% | 589,149 | 91.7% | 598,007 | 88.9% | 636,160 | 81.7% | +6.4% | -13.1% |
| Ohio}} Ohio | 9,444,622 | 87.1% | 9,538,111 | 84.0% | 9,359,263 | 81.1% | 8,954,135 | 75.9% | -4.3% | -12.9% |
| Oklahoma}} Oklahoma | 2,547,588 | 81.0% | 2,556,368 | 74.1% | 2,575,381 | 68.7% | 2,407,188 | 60.8% | -6.5% | -25% |
| Oregon}} Oregon | 2,579,732 | 90.8% | 2,857,616 | 83.5% | 3,005,848 | 78.5% | 3,036,158 | 71.7% | +1.0% | -21.0% |
| Pennsylvania}} Pennsylvania | 10,422,058 | 87.7% | 10,322,455 | 84.1% | 10,094,652 | 79.5% | 9,553,417 | 73.5% | -5.4% | -16.2% |
| Rhode Island}} Rhode Island | 896,109 | 89.3% | 858,433 | 81.9% | 803,685 | 76.4% | 754,050 | 68.7% | -6.2% | -23.1% |
| South Carolina}} South Carolina | 2,390,056 | 68.5% | 2,652,291 | 66.1% | 2,962,740 | 64.1% | 3,178,552 | 62.1% | +7.3% | -9.3% |
| South Dakota}} South Dakota | 634,788 | 91.2% | 664,585 | 88.0% | 689,502 | 84.7% | 705,583 | 79.6% | +2.3% | -12.7% |
| Tennessee}} Tennessee | 4,027,631 | 82.6% | 4,505,930 | 79.2% | 4,800,782 | 75.6% | 4,900,246 | 70.9% | +2.1% | -14.2% |
| Texas}} Texas | 10,291,680 | 60.6% | 10,933,313 | 52.4% | 11,397,345 | 45.3% | 11,584,597 | 39.8% | +1.6% | -34.5% |
| Utah}} Utah | 1,571,254 | 91.2% | 1,904,265 | 85.3% | 2,221,719 | 80.4% | 2,465,355 | 75.4% | +11.0% | -17.3% |
| Vermont}} Vermont | 552,184 | 98.1% | 585,431 | 96.2% | 590,223 | 94.3% | 573,201 | 89.1% | -2.9% | -9.2% |
| Virginia}} Virginia | 4,701,650 | 76.0% | 4,965,637 | 70.2% | 5,186,450 | 64.8% | 5,058,363 | 58.6% | -2.5% | -29.9% |
| Washington}} Washington | 4,221,622 | 86.7% | 4,652,490 | 78.9% | 4,876,804 | 72.5% | 4,918,820 | 63.8% | +0.9% | -26.4% |
| West Virginia}} West Virginia | 1,718,896 | 95.8% | 1,709,966 | 94.6% | 1,726,256 | 93.2% | 1,598,834 | 89.1% | -7.4% | -7.0% |
| Wisconsin}} Wisconsin | 4,464,677 | 91.3% | 4,681,630 | 87.3% | 4,738,411 | 83.3% | 4,634,018 | 78.6% | -2.2% | -13.9% |
| Wyoming}} Wyoming | 412,711 | 91.0% | 438,799 | 88.9% | 483,874 | 85.9% | 469,664 | 81.4% | -2.9% | -10.5% |
| American Samoa}} American Samoa | | | 682 | 1.2% | 611 | 1.1% | | | | |
| Guam}} Guam | | | 10,666 | 6.9% | 11,001 | 6.9% | | | | |
| Northern Mariana Islands}} Northern Mariana Islands | | | 1,274 | 1.8% | 916 | 1.7% | | | | |
| Puerto Rico}} Puerto Rico | | | 33,966 | 0.9% | 26,946 | 0.7% | 24,548 | 0.8% | -8.9% | |
| U.S. Virgin Islands}} U.S. Virgin Islands | | | 8,580 | 7.9% | 3,830 | 3.6% | | | | |
class=“sortbottom” style="background:lightgrey;”| United States}} United States of America | 188,128,296 | 75.6% | 194,552,774 | 69.1% | 196,817,552 | 63.7% | 191,697,647 | 57.8% | -2.6% | –23.5% |
In 2020, in 36 out of the 50 US states, non-Latino whites made up a greater percentage of the state’s population than the US overall share of 57.8%; however, the 14 states with greater shares of non-whites include the four most populous states (California, Texas, New York, and Florida). The
total non-Latino white population shrunk between 2010 and 2020 in 34 out of the 50 states, and the
relative share of non-Latino whites in the overall state population has declined in all 50 states during that same time period.{{citation needed|date=February 2023}}As of 2020, six states are majority-minority: Hawaii, California, New Mexico, Texas, Nevada, and Maryland. All of these states saw larger declines in the
relative share of their non-Latino white populations between 1990 and 2020 than the national average of -23.5% with Nevada dropping by -41.7%,
California by -39.3% and Texas by -34.5%.{{citation needed|date=February 2023}}
Historical population by state or territory
{{Table alignment}}{|class=“wikitable sortable defaultcenter col1left”
Non-Mexican white (1910–1930) and non-Latino white % of population (1940–2020) by US stateHTTPS://WWW.CENSUS.GOV/POPULATION/WWW/DOCUMENTATION/TWPS0056/TWPS0056.HTML, Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States, Census.gov, September 15, 2012, dead,www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20080725044857www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.html,">web.archive.org/web/20080725044857www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.html, July 25, 2008, WEB,www.census.gov/prod/2001pubs/mso01-wp.pdf, The White Population: 2000 : Percent of Population for One or More Races, Census.gov, 2017-08-19, WEB,www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-05.pdf, The White Population: 2000 : 2010 Census Briefs, Census.gov, 2017-08-19, WEB, Race and Ethnicity in the United States: 2010 Census and 2020 Census,www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/race-and-ethnicity-in-the-united-state-2010-and-2020-census.html, 24 September 2021, US Census Bureau, !State/Territory||1910||1920||1930||1940||1950||1960||1970||1980||1990||2000||2010||2020
| Alabama}} Alabama||||65.3%|||73.3%|73.3%|73.3%|70.3%|67.0%|63.1% |
| Alaska}} Alaska|||48.3%||||77.2%|75.8%|73.9%|67.6%|64.1%|57.5% |
| Arizona}} Arizona|59.9%|60.7%|60.6%|65.1%|||74.3%|74.5%|71.7%|63.8%|57.8%|53.4% |
| Arkansas}} Arkansas||||75.2%|||81.0%|82.2%|82.2%|78.6%|74.5%|68.5% |
| California}} California|93%|91.7%|88.7%|89.5%|||76.3%|66.6%|57.2%|46.7%|40.1%|34.7% |
| Colorado}} Colorado|97.6%|96.8%|92.8%|90.3%|||84.6%|82.7%|80.7%|74.5%|70.0%|65.1% |
| Connecticut}} Connecticut||||97.9%|||91.4%|88.0%|83.8%|77.5%|71.2%|63.2% |
| Delaware}} Delaware||||86.4%|||84.1%|81.3%|79.3%|72.5%|65.3%|58.6% |
| District of Columbia}} District of Columbia||||71.4%|||26.5%|25.7%|27.4%|27.8%|34.8%|38.0% |
| Florida}} Florida|58.9%|||71.5%|||77.9%|76.7%|73.2%|65.4%|57.9%|51.5% |
| Georgia (U.S. state)}} Georgia||||65.2%|||73.4%|71.6%|70.1%|62.6%|55.9%|50.1% |
| Hawaii}} Hawaii||||||31.5%|38.0%|31.1%|31.4%|22.9%|22.7%|21.6% |
| Idaho}} Idaho||||98.4%|||95.9%|93.9%|92.2%|88.0%|84.0%|78.9% |
| Illinois}} Illinois||||94.7%|||83.5%|78.0%|74.8%|67.8%|63.7%|58.3% |
| Indiana}} Indiana||||96.3%|||91.7%|90.2%|89.6%|85.8%|81.5%|75.5% |
| Iowa}} Iowa||||99.2%|||98.0%|96.9%|95.9%|92.6%|88.7%|82.7% |
| Kansas}} Kansas||||95.6%|||92.7%|90.5%|88.4%|83.1%|78.2%|72.2% |
| Kentucky}} Kentucky||||92.5%|||92.4%|91.7%|91.7%|89.3%|86.3%|81.3% |
| Louisiana}} Louisiana||||63.7%|||68.2%|67.6%|65.8%|62.5%|60.3%|55.8% |
| Maine}} Maine||||99.7%|||99.1%|98.3%|98.0%|96.5%|94.4%|90.2% |
| Maryland}} Maryland||||83.3%|||80.4%|73.9%|69.6%|62.1%|54.7%|47.2% |
| Massachusetts}} Massachusetts||||98.6%|||95.4%|92.3%|87.8%|81.9%|76.1%|67.6% |
| Michigan}} Michigan||||95.7%|||87.1%|84.1%|82.3%|78.6%|76.6%|72.4% |
| Minnesota}} Minnesota||||99.0%|||97.7%|96.1%|93.7%|88.2%|83.1%|76.3% |
| Mississippi}} Mississippi||||50.6%|||62.6%|63.6%|63.1%|60.7%|58.0%|55.4% |
| Missouri}} Missouri||||93.4%|||88.6%|87.7%|86.9%|83.8%|81.0%|75.8% |
| Montana}} Montana||||96.2%|||94.7%|93.4%|91.8%|89.5%|87.8%|83.1% |
| Nebraska}} Nebraska||||98.2%|||95.2%|94.0%|92.5%|87.3%|82.1%|75.7% |
| Nevada}} Nevada|89.7%|||91.6%|||86.7%|83.2%|78.7%|65.2%|54.1%|45.9% |
| New Hampshire}} New Hampshire||||99.9%|||99.1%|98.4%|97.3%|95.1%|92.3%|87.2% |
| New Jersey}} New Jersey||||94.3%|||84.7%|79.1%|74.0%|66.0%|59.3%|51.8% |
| New Mexico}} New Mexico|86.6%|||50.9%|||53.8%|52.6%|50.4%|44.7%|40.5%|36.5% |
| New York}} New York||||94.6%|||80.1%|75.0%|69.3%|62.0%|58.3%|52.5% |
| North Carolina}} North Carolina||||71.9%|||76.5%|75.3%|75.0%|70.2%|65.3%|60.5% |
| North Dakota}} North Dakota||||98.3%|||96.9%|95.5%|94.2%|91.7%|88.9%|81.7% |
| Ohio}} Ohio||||95.0%|||89.8%|88.2%|87.1%|84.0%|81.1%|75.9% |
| Oklahoma}} Oklahoma|87%|||89.9%|||88.1%|85.0%|81.0%|74.1%|68.7%|60.8% |
| Oregon}} Oregon||||98.6%|||95.8%|93.3%|90.8%|83.5%|78.5%|71.7% |
| Pennsylvania}} Pennsylvania||||95.1%|||90.3%|89.1%|87.7%|84.1%|79.5%|73.5% |
| Rhode Island}} Rhode Island||||98.3%|||96.1%|93.4%|89.3%|81.9%|76.4%|68.7% |
| South Carolina}} South Carolina||||57.1%|||69.0%|68.3%|68.5%|66.1%|64.1%|62.1% |
| South Dakota}} South Dakota||||96.2%|||94.6%|92.3%|91.2%|88.0%|84.7%|79.6% |
| Tennessee}} Tennessee||||82.5%|||83.7%|83.1%|82.6%|79.2%|75.6%|70.9% |
| Texas}} Texas|76.4%|75.7%|73.5%|74.1%|||69.6%|65.7%|60.6%|52.4%|45.3%|39.7% |
| Utah}} Utah||||98.2%|||93.6%|92.4%|91.2%|85.3%|80.4%|75.4% |
| Vermont}} Vermont||||99.7%|||99.2%|98.5%|98.1%|96.2%|94.3%|89.1% |
| Virginia}} Virginia||||75.3%|||80.1%|78.2%|76.0%|70.2%|64.8%|58.6% |
| Washington}} Washington||||97.7%|||93.6%|90.2%|86.7%|78.9%|72.5%|63.8% |
| West Virginia}} West Virginia||||93.7%|||95.7%|95.6%|95.8%|94.6%|93.2%|89.1% |
| Wisconsin}} Wisconsin||||99.2%|||95.6%|93.6%|91.3%|87.3%|83.3%|78.6% |
| Wyoming}} Wyoming||||95.9%|||92.1%|92.0%|91.0%|88.9%|85.9%|81.4% |
| Puerto Rico}} Puerto Rico||||||||||0.9%|0.7%|0.8% |
!{{flagicon|United States}} United States of America!88.4%!89%!88.7%!88.4%!!!83.5%!79.6%!75.6%!69.1%!63.7%!57.8%
See also
References
{{Reflist}}{{European Americans}}{{Demographics of the United States}}{{White people}}
- content above as imported from Wikipedia
- "non-Hispanic whites" does not exist on GetWiki (yet)
- time: 9:57am EDT - Wed, May 22 2024
