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Zagreb
please note:
- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
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{{Short description|Capital and largest city of Croatia}}{{About|the Croatian capital city}}{{EngvarB|date=September 2023}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2023}}- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
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Name
The etymology of the name Zagreb is unclear. It was used for the united city only from 1852, but it had been in use as the name of the Zagreb Diocese since the 12th century and was increasingly used for the city in the 17th century.Zagrabia in Giovanni Giacomo de Rossi’s Mercurio Geografico (Dalmatia Istria Bosnia Servia Croatia parte di Schiavonia [...], Rome, c. 1692; swaen.com {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729095621www.swaen.com/item.php?id=13422 |date=29 July 2017 }}).The name is first recorded in a charter by the archbishop of Esztergom Felician, dated 1134, mentioned as .Cod. Dipl. II 42: rex diuina gratia inspirante ... Zagrabiensem constituit episcopatum videlicet ut quos error idolatrie a dei cultura extraneos fecerat, episcopalis cuira ad viam veritatis reduceret.Mladen ANÄŒIĆ, “Dva teksta iz sredine 14. stoljeća. Prilog poznavanju „druÅ¡tvenog znanja” u Hrvatskom Kraljevstvu {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222195658hrcak.srce.hr/164151 |date=22 February 2017 }} (“Two works from the middle of the 14th century: Contribution to the understanding of “social knowledge” in the Croatian Kingdom“) Starohrvatska prosvjeta III.40 (2013).The older form of the name is Zagrab. The modern Croatian form Zagreb is first recorded in a 1689 map by Nicolas Sanson.An even older form is reflected in Hungarian (recorded from {{circa|1200}} and in use until the 18th century).For this, Hungarian linguist Gyula Décsy proposes the etymology of Chabrag, a well-attested hypocorism of the name Cyprian. The same form is reflected in several Hungarian toponyms, such as Csepreg.Décsy, Gyula in: Jean-Claude Boulanger (ed.) Actes du XVIe Congrès international des sciences onomastiques: Québec, Université Laval, 16–22 août 1987 : le nom propre au carrefour des études humaines et des sciences sociales, Presses Université Laval (1990), {{ISBN|978-2-7637-7213-4}}. p. 202 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410060442books.google.com/books?id=MLChUpf_66EC&pg=PA202 |date=10 April 2023 }}.The name might be derived from Proto-Slavic word (wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grÄ™bÑŠ|*grÄ™bÑŠ) which means hill, uplift. (However, note Croatian brȇgHistory
{{For timeline}}File:Andautonia.jpg|upright=0.9|thumb|Ruins of the ancient Roman town AndautoniaAndautoniaThe oldest known settlement located near present-day Zagreb, the Roman town of Andautonia, now Å Äitarjevo, existed between the 1st and the 5th centuries AD.WEB,www.andautonia.com/eng/english.html, The Roman town of Andautonia, 8 November 2008, Andautonia Archaeological Park,www.andautonia.com/eng/english.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20081207040340www.andautonia.com/eng/english.html,">web.archive.org/web/20081207040340www.andautonia.com/eng/english.html, 7 December 2008, The first recorded appearance of the name “Zagreb” dates from 1094, at which time the city existed as two different city centers: the smaller, eastern Kaptol, inhabited mainly by clergy and housing Zagreb Cathedral, and the larger, western Gradec, inhabited mainly by craftsmen and merchants. In 1851 the Ban of Croatia, Josip JelaÄić, united Gradec and Kaptol; the name of the main city square, Ban JelaÄić Square honors him.WEB,www.hrt.hr/arhiv/ndd/10listopad/1016%20Jelacic.html, Ban Josip JelaÄić, Croatian Radiotelevision, hrt.hr, hr, 30 October 2016, dead,www.hrt.hr/arhiv/ndd/10listopad/1016%20Jelacic.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20160305010027www.hrt.hr/arhiv/ndd/10listopad/1016%20Jelacic.html,">web.archive.org/web/20160305010027www.hrt.hr/arhiv/ndd/10listopad/1016%20Jelacic.html, 5 March 2016, While Croatia formed part of Yugoslavia (1918 to 1991), Zagreb remained an important economic centre of that country, and was the second largest city. After Croatia declared independence from Yugoslavia in 1991, the Parliament of the Republic of Croatia () proclaimed Zagreb as the capital of the Republic of Croatia.WEB, hr,narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/1991_06_31_875.html, Deklaraciju o proglaÅ¡enju suverene i samostalne Republike Hrvatske, Declaration on the Sovereignty and Independence of the Croatian Republic, Sluzbeni List, narodne-novine.nn.hr, 27 May 2013, 4 May 2015,narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/1991_06_31_875.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20150504090504narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/1991_06_31_875.html,">web.archive.org/web/20150504090504narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/1991_06_31_875.html, live,Early Zagreb
The history of Zagreb dates as far back as 1094 A.D. when the Hungarian King Ladislaus, returning from his campaign against the Kingdom of Croatia, founded a diocese. Alongside the bishop’s see, the canonical settlement Kaptol developed north of Zagreb Cathedral, as did the fortified settlement Gradec on the neighbouring hill, with the border between the two formed by the MedveÅ¡Äak stream.BOOK, Hawkesworth, Celia,books.google.com/books?id=eBSxMUKFJDEC&q=border+between+the+two+being+the+Medve%C5%A1%C4%8Dak+stream&pg=PA18, Zagreb: A Cultural and Literary History, 2007, Signal Books, 978-1-904955-30-6, en, 3 October 2020, 10 April 2023,web.archive.org/web/20230410060325/https://books.google.com/books?id=eBSxMUKFJDEC&q=border+between+the+two+being+the+Medve%C5%A1%C4%8Dak+stream&pg=PA18, live, Today the latter is Zagreb’s Upper Town (Gornji Grad) and is one of the best-preserved urban nuclei in Croatia. Both settlements came under Tatar attack in 1242.BOOK, Oliver, Jeanne,books.google.com/books?id=j2DTBgAAQBAJ&q=zagreb+1242+tatar+attack&pg=PT28, Croatia Traveller’s Zagreb and Beyond: A practical guide to visiting Zagreb, Croatia, 2015-02-26, Croatia Traveller, 978-1-311-66016-9, en, 3 October 2020, 10 April 2023,web.archive.org/web/20230410060336/https://books.google.com/books?id=j2DTBgAAQBAJ&q=zagreb+1242+tatar+attack&pg=PT28, live, As a sign of gratitude for offering him a safe haven from the Tatars, the Croatian and Hungarian King Béla IV granted Gradec the Golden Bull of 1242, which gave its citizens exemption from county rule and autonomy, as well as their own judicial system.BOOK, Stone, Zofia,books.google.com/books?id=aFw1DgAAQBAJ&q=golden+bull+of+1242&pg=PT92, Genghis Khan: A Biography, 2017-03-01, Vij Books India Pvt Ltd, 978-93-86367-11-2, en, 3 October 2020, 10 April 2023,web.archive.org/web/20230410060439/https://books.google.com/books?id=aFw1DgAAQBAJ&q=golden+bull+of+1242&pg=PT92, live, BOOK,books.google.com/books?id=551sGYrx3pAC&q=zlatna+bula+1242&pg=PA17, Zagreb: turistiÄki vodiÄ, 1970, Masmedia d.o.o., 978-953-157-464-8, hr, 3 October 2020, 10 April 2023,web.archive.org/web/20230410060336/https://books.google.com/books?id=551sGYrx3pAC&q=zlatna+bula+1242&pg=PA17, live,The relationship between Kaptol and Gradec throughout history
The development of Kaptol began in 1094 after the foundation of the diocese, while the growth of Gradec began after the Golden Bull was issued in 1242. In the history of the city of Zagreb, there have been numerous conflicts between Gradec and Kaptol, mainly due to disputed issues of rent collection and due to disputed properties.The first known conflicts took place in the middle of the 13th century and continued with interruptions until 1667. Because of the conflict, it was recorded that the Bishop of Kaptol excommunicated the residents of Gradec twice. In the conflicts between Gradec and Kaptol, there were several massacres of the citizens, destruction of houses and looting of citizens. In 1850, Gradec and Kaptol, with surrounding settlements, were united into a single settlement, today’s city of Zagreb.WEB, 2018-11-18, Na Badnjak, Kaptol je poÄeo bombardirati Gradec koji je uzvratio opsadom…Zaboravljeni opisi otkrivaju kako je izgledao rat Gradeca i Kaptola,blagamisterije.com/na-badnjak-kaptol-je-poceo-bombardirati-gradec-koji-je-uzvratio-opsadom-zaboravljeni-opisi-otkrivaju-kako-je-izgledao-rat-gradeca-i-kaptola/17902/, 2023-12-24, Blaga & misterije, hr, WEB, Lumen, 2023-05-16, Od veterniÄkog neandertalca do potresa 1699.,zagrebmojgrad.hr/od-veternickog-neandertalca-do-potresa-1699/, 2023-12-24, Zagreb moj grad, hr, WEB, Željko, 2023-01-05, Krvavi most,hrvatski-vojnik.hr/krvavi-most/, 2023-12-24, Hrvatski vojnik, hr, WEB, Džalo, Marijana, 2021-08-02, Krvavi most: Deset (ne)poznatih tajni mraÄne zagrebaÄke ulice,belizagrebgrad.com.hr/krvavi-most-deset-nepoznatih-tajni-mracne-zagrebacke-ulice/, 2023-12-24, Beli Zagreb Grad, hr, 24 December 2023,web.archive.org/web/20231224172423/https://belizagrebgrad.com.hr/krvavi-most-deset-nepoznatih-tajni-mracne-zagrebacke-ulice/, dead, WEB, 2020-07-19, Gdje je sve poÄelo? PoÄetak dugogodiÅ¡njih nasilnih sukoba izmeÄ‘u graÄ‘ana Kaptola i Gradeca {{!, Lice Grada |url=https://licegrada.hr/gdje-je-sve-pocelo-pocetak-dugogodisnjih-nasilnih-sukoba-izmedu-gradana-kaptola-i-gradeca/ |access-date=2023-12-24 |language=hr}}16th to 18th centuries
There were numerous connections between the Kaptol diocese and the free sovereign town of Gradec for both economic and political reasons, but they were not known as an integrated city, even as Zagreb became the political center, and the regional Sabor () representing Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia, first convened at Gradec. Zagreb became the Croatian capital in 1557, with city also being chosen as the seat of the Ban of Croatia in 1621 under ban Nikola IX Frankopan.WEB,www.visit-croatia.co.uk/croatia-destinations/zagreb/history-zagreb/#:~:text=The%20name%20Zagreb%20first%20emerged,seat%20of%20the%20Croatian%20viceroys., History of Zagreb, 20 March 2021, 23 April 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210423044352/https://www.visit-croatia.co.uk/croatia-destinations/zagreb/history-zagreb/#:~:text=The%20name%20Zagreb%20first%20emerged,seat%20of%20the%20Croatian%20viceroys., live, [...] in 1621 the city was picked to become the seat of the Croatian viceroys., At the invitation of the Croatian Parliament, the Jesuits came to Zagreb and built the first grammar school,BOOK, Varga
, Szabolcs
, Bendel
, Rainer
, Spannenberger
, Norbert
, 2010
, Ethnic Groups, Denominations and Migration in South Danubia and Slavonia
, Kirchen als Integrationsfaktor für die Migranten im Südosten der Habsburgermonarchie im 18. Jahrhundert
,books.google.com/books?id=2xTW9cIRxbIC
, Kirche und Gesellschaft im Karpaten-Donauraum - volume 1
, Münster
, LIT Verlag
, 18
, 9783643100450
, 3 October 2023
, The first Jesuit college opened in Zagreb in 1606 [...].
, the St. Catherine’s Church (built 1620-1632BOOK
, Szabolcs
, Bendel
, Rainer
, Spannenberger
, Norbert
, 2010
, Ethnic Groups, Denominations and Migration in South Danubia and Slavonia
, Kirchen als Integrationsfaktor für die Migranten im Südosten der Habsburgermonarchie im 18. Jahrhundert
,books.google.com/books?id=2xTW9cIRxbIC
, Kirche und Gesellschaft im Karpaten-Donauraum - volume 1
, Münster
, LIT Verlag
, 18
, 9783643100450
, 3 October 2023
, The first Jesuit college opened in Zagreb in 1606 [...].
, Letcher
, Piers
, McKelvie
, Robin
, McKelvie
, Jenny
, May 2007
, 2003
, Zagreb
, Croatia: The Bradt Travel Guide
,books.google.com/books?id=cHpDTbdQFkQC
, Bradt Guides
, 3
, Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire
, Bradt Travel Guides
, 103
, 9781841621920
, 3 October 2023
, The Jesuits were also responsible for [St Catherine’s Square (Katarina Trg)’s] main attraction, and Zagreb’s finest baroque church, St Catherine’s. Built between 1620 and 1632, it features some highly superior 18th-century stucco work and an amazing trompe l’oeil altarpiece [...] an extraordinary work from 1762 [...].
, )and monastery. In 1669, they founded an academy where philosophy, theology, and law were taught, the forerunner of today’s University of Zagreb.During the 17th and 18th centuries, Zagreb was badly devastated by fire and by the plague. In 1776, the royal council (government) moved from Varaždin to Zagreb and during the reign of the Emperor Joseph II Zagreb became the headquarters of the Varaždin and Karlovac general command.WEB,www.hrt.hr/arhiv/hrvati_u_svijetu/upoznajte_hrvatsku/03_glavni_grad_hrvatske/zagreb_eng.html, The city of Zagreb, hrt.hr, Croatian Radiotelevision, 2 July 2006,www.hrt.hr/arhiv/hrvati_u_svijetu/upoznajte_hrvatsku/03_glavni_grad_hrvatske/zagreb_eng.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20070117124718www.hrt.hr/arhiv/hrvati_u_svijetu/upoznajte_hrvatsku/03_glavni_grad_hrvatske/zagreb_eng.html,">web.archive.org/web/20070117124718www.hrt.hr/arhiv/hrvati_u_svijetu/upoznajte_hrvatsku/03_glavni_grad_hrvatske/zagreb_eng.html, 17 January 2007, , Piers
, McKelvie
, Robin
, McKelvie
, Jenny
, May 2007
, 2003
, Zagreb
, Croatia: The Bradt Travel Guide
,books.google.com/books?id=cHpDTbdQFkQC
, Bradt Guides
, 3
, Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire
, Bradt Travel Guides
, 103
, 9781841621920
, 3 October 2023
, The Jesuits were also responsible for [St Catherine’s Square (Katarina Trg)’s] main attraction, and Zagreb’s finest baroque church, St Catherine’s. Built between 1620 and 1632, it features some highly superior 18th-century stucco work and an amazing trompe l’oeil altarpiece [...] an extraordinary work from 1762 [...].
19th to mid-20th century
Zagreb-Valvasor.jpg|Modern Zagreb’s town core emerged from the Upper Town medieval settlements of Gradec and Kaptol. Picture from 1689Staritrg.jpg |Ban JelaÄić Square in Zagreb under the Habsburgs, before the 1880 Zagreb earthquakeThe Zagreb Cathedral renovated according to designs of Hermann Bolle (end of 19 century).jpg|The Zagreb Cathedral renovated according to designs of Hermann Bollé, between 1902 and 1906Staritrgburze.jpg|Zagreb 1930sBASA-142K-1-488-1-Zagreb.jpeg|StarÄević square, first half of the 20th centuryIn the 19th century, Zagreb was the center of the Croatian National Revival and saw the foundation of important cultural and historic institutions.In 1850, the town was united under its first mayor – Janko Kamauf.The first railway line to connect Zagreb with Zidani Most and Sisak opened in 1862 and in 1863 Zagreb received a gasworks. The Zagreb waterworks opened in 1878.After the 1880 Zagreb earthquake, up to the 1914 outbreak of World War I, development flourished and the town received the characteristic layout which it has today.The first horse-drawn tram dated from 1891. The construction of railway lines enabled the old suburbs to merge gradually into Donji Grad, characterized by a regular block pattern that prevails in Central European cities. This bustling core includes many imposing buildings, monuments, and parks as well as a multitude of museums, theatres, and cinemas. An electric-power plant was built in 1907.(File:Bakrorez panorame Zagreba iz 1822.jpg|left|thumb|upright=1.6| Copperplate of the panorama of Zagreb from 1822)Since 1 January 1877, the GriÄ cannon fires daily from the LotrÅ¡Äak Tower on GriÄ to mark midday.The first half of the 20th century saw a considerable expansion of Zagreb. Before World War I, the city expanded and neighborhoods like Stara PeÅ¡Äenica in the east and ÄŒrnomerec in the west grew up. The Rokov perivoj neighbourhood, noted for its Art Nouveau features, was established at the start of the century.Paris Aéroport, Paris Vous Aime Magazine, No 13, avril-may-juin 2023, p. 139After the war, working-class districts such as Trnje emerged between the railway and the Sava, whereas the construction of residential districts on the hills of the southern slopes of Medvednica was completed between the two World Wars.{{multiple image| direction = vertical| align = right| width = 200| image1 = Demonstracije u Zagrebu 1918.jpg| caption1 = Mass protests in Zagreb against the unification of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs with the Kingdom of Serbia in 1918.| image2 = JelaÄićev_trg_12.5.1945.jpg| caption2 = People of Zagreb celebrating liberation on 12 May 1945 by Yugoslav Partisans}}In the 1920s, the population of Zagreb increased by 70 percent – the largest demographic boom in the history of the town. In 1926, the first radio station in the region began broadcasting from Zagreb, and in 1947 the Zagreb Fair opened.During World War II, Zagreb became the capital of the Independent State of Croatia (1941–1945), which was backed by Nazi Germany and by the Italians. The history of Zagreb in World War II became rife with incidents of régime terror and resistance sabotage - the UstaÅ¡a régime had thousands of people executed during the war in and near the city. Partisans took the city at the end of the war. From 1945 until 1990, Zagreb functioned as the capital of the Socialist Republic of Croatia, one of the six constituent socialist republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.Contemporary era
The area between the railway and the Sava river witnessed a new construction-boom after World War II. After the mid-1950s, construction of new residential areas south of the Sava river began, resulting in Novi Zagreb (Croatian for New Zagreb), originally called “Južni Zagreb” (Southern Zagreb).JOURNAL,www.zarez.hr/222/z_socijalna.html, O imaginarnim kartama Južnog ≈ Novog Zagreba, Zarez, Maretić, Mirko, 222, 10 January 2008, 25 February 2009,www.zarez.hr/222/z_socijalna.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20090515163924www.zarez.hr/222/z_socijalna.html,">web.archive.org/web/20090515163924www.zarez.hr/222/z_socijalna.html, 15 May 2009, hr, From 1999 Novi Zagreb has comprised two city districts: Novi Zagreb – zapad (New Zagreb – West) and Novi Zagreb – istok (New Zagreb – East)The city also expanded westward and eastward, incorporating Dubrava, Podsused, Jarun, Blato, and other settlements.The cargo railway hub and the international airport (Pleso) were built south of the Sava river. The largest industrial zone (Žitnjak) in the south-eastern part of the city, represents an extension of the industrial zones on the eastern outskirts of the city, between the Sava and the Prigorje region. Zagreb hosted the Summer Universiade in 1987. This event initiated the creation of pedestrian-only zones in the city centre and extensive new sport infrastructure, lacking until then, all around the city.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}}During the 1991–1995 Croatian War of Independence, the city saw some sporadic fighting around its JNA army barracks, but escaped major damage. In May 1995, it was targeted by Serb rocket artillery in two rocket attacks which killed seven civilians and wounded many.An urbanized area connects Zagreb with the surrounding towns of ZapreÅ¡ić, Samobor, Dugo Selo, and Velika Gorica. Sesvete was the first and the closest area to become a part of the agglomeration and is already included in the City of Zagreb for administrative purposes and now forms the easternmost city district.WEB,www.dzs.hr/Eng/censuses/Census2001/Popis/E01_01_03/e01_01_03_zup22.html, SAS Output, Dzs.hr, 15 September 2011, 12 June 2011,www.dzs.hr/Eng/censuses/Census2001/Popis/E01_01_03/e01_01_03_zup22.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20110612004637www.dzs.hr/Eng/censuses/Census2001/Popis/E01_01_03/e01_01_03_zup22.html,">web.archive.org/web/20110612004637www.dzs.hr/Eng/censuses/Census2001/Popis/E01_01_03/e01_01_03_zup22.html, live, In 2020 the city experienced a 5.5 magnitude earthquake, which damaged various buildings in the historic downtown area. The city’s iconic cathedral lost the cross off of one of its towers. This earthquake was the strongest one to affect the city since the destructive 1880 Zagreb earthquake.Geography
Climate
The climate of Zagreb is classified as an oceanic climate (Köppen: Cfb), very closely bordering on a humid continental climate (Dfb).File:Zagreb Gornji grad.jpg|thumb|Aerial view of (Gornji Grad) - Gradec, Upper Town]]File:Zagreb areal view (5).jpg|thumb|Panoramic view of Zrinjevac ]] Zagreb has four separate seasons. Summers are generally warm, sometimes hot. In late May it gets significantly warmer, temperatures start rising and it often becomes very warm or even hot with occasional afternoon and evening thunderstorms. Heatwaves can occur but are short-lived. Temperatures rise above {{cvt|30|C}} on average 14.6 days each summer. During summertime, rainfall is abundant and it mainly falls during thunderstorms. With 840 mm of precipitation per year, Zagreb is Europe’s ninth wettest capital, receiving less precipitation than Luxembourg but more than Brussels, Paris or London. Compared to these cities, however, Zagreb has fewer rainy days, but the annual rainfall is higher due to heavier showers occurring mainly in late spring and summer. Autumn in its early stage often brings pleasant and sunny weather with occasional episodes of rain later in the season. Late autumn is characterized by a mild increase in the number of rainy days and a gradual decrease in daily temperature averages. Morning fog is common from mid-October to January, with northern city districts at the foothills of the Medvednica mountain as well as south-central districts along the Sava river being more prone to longer fog accumulation.Winters are relatively cold, bringing overcast skies and a precipitation decrease pattern. February is the driest month, averaging 39 mm of precipitation. On average there are 29 days with snowfall, with the first snow usually falling in early December. However, in recent years, the number of days with snowfall in wintertime has decreased considerably. Spring is characterized by often pleasant but changeable weather. As the season progresses, sunny days become more frequent, bringing higher temperatures. Sometimes cold spells can occur as well, mostly in the season’s early stages. The average daily mean temperature in the winter is around {{cvt|1|°C}} (from December to February) and the average temperature in the summer is {{cvt|20|C|1}}.WEB,klima.hr/k1/k1_2/zagreb_maksimir.pdf, Zagreb Climate Normals, 2 December 2015, Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service, 8 December 2015,klima.hr/k1/k1_2/zagreb_maksimir.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20151208142149klima.hr/k1/k1_2/zagreb_maksimir.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20151208142149klima.hr/k1/k1_2/zagreb_maksimir.pdf, live, The highest recorded temperature at the Maksimir weather station was {{cvt|40.4|°C|°F}} in July 1950, and lowest was {{cvt|-27.3|°C|°F}} in February 1956.WEB,meteo.hr/klima_e.php?section=klima_podaci¶m=k1&Grad=zagreb_maksimir, Monthly values and extremes:Values for Zagreb Maksimir in 1949-2019 period, Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service, 28 May 2021, 6 June 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210606043825/https://meteo.hr/klima_e.php?section=klima_podaci¶m=k1&Grad=zagreb_maksimir, live, A temperature of {{cvt|-30.5|C}} was recorded on the since defunct Borongaj Airfield in February 1940.WEB, Marković, ÄurÄ‘ica, Najledeniji dani u naÅ¡oj zemlji,blog.meteo-info.hr/meteorologija/najledeniji-dani-u-nasoj-zemlji/, Meteo-info.hr, 22 August 2018, hr, 21 December 2011, 22 August 2018,blog.meteo-info.hr/meteorologija/najledeniji-dani-u-nasoj-zemlji/," title="web.archive.org/web/20180822145448blog.meteo-info.hr/meteorologija/najledeniji-dani-u-nasoj-zemlji/,">web.archive.org/web/20180822145448blog.meteo-info.hr/meteorologija/najledeniji-dani-u-nasoj-zemlji/, dead, {{Weather box| location = Zagreb Maksimir (1971–2000, extremes 1949–2019)| width = auto| metric first = Y| single line = Y| Jan record high C = 19.4| Feb record high C = 22.6| Mar record high C = 26.0| Apr record high C = 30.5| May record high C = 33.7| Jun record high C = 37.6| Jul record high C = 40.4| Aug record high C = 39.8| Sep record high C = 34.0| Oct record high C = 28.3| Nov record high C = 25.4| Dec record high C = 22.5| year record high C = 40.4| Jan high C = 3.7| Feb high C = 6.8| Mar high C = 11.9| Apr high C = 16.3| May high C = 21.5| Jun high C = 24.5| Jul high C = 26.7| Aug high C = 26.3| Sep high C = 22.1| Oct high C = 15.8| Nov high C = 8.9| Dec high C = 4.6| year high C = 15.8| Jan mean C = 0.3| Feb mean C = 2.3| Mar mean C = 6.4| Apr mean C = 10.7| May mean C = 15.8| Jun mean C = 18.8| Jul mean C = 20.6| Aug mean C = 20.1| Sep mean C = 15.9| Oct mean C = 10.5| Nov mean C = 5.0| Dec mean C = 1.4| year mean C = 10.7| Jan low C = -3.0| Feb low C = -1.8| Mar low C = 1.6| Apr low C = 5.2| May low C = 9.8| Jun low C = 13.0| Jul low C = 14.7| Aug low C = 14.4| Sep low C = 10.8| Oct low C = 6.2| Nov low C = 1.4| Dec low C = -1.7| year low C = 5.9| Jan record low C = -24.3| Feb record low C = -27.3| Mar record low C = -18.3| Apr record low C = -4.4| May record low C = -1.8| Jun record low C = 2.5| Jul record low C = 5.4| Aug record low C = 3.7| Sep record low C = -0.6| Oct record low C = -5.6| Nov record low C = -13.5| Dec record low C = -19.8| year record low C = -27.5| precipitation colour = green| Jan precipitation mm = 43.2| Feb precipitation mm = 38.9| Mar precipitation mm = 52.6| Apr precipitation mm = 59.3| May precipitation mm = 72.6| Jun precipitation mm = 95.3| Jul precipitation mm = 77.4| Aug precipitation mm = 92.3| Sep precipitation mm = 85.8| Oct precipitation mm = 82.9| Nov precipitation mm = 80.1| Dec precipitation mm = 59.6| year precipitation mm = 840.1| unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm| Jan precipitation days = 9.8| Feb precipitation days = 9.4| Mar precipitation days = 11.0| Apr precipitation days = 13.0| May precipitation days = 13.5| Jun precipitation days = 13.7| Jul precipitation days = 11.2| Aug precipitation days = 10.4| Sep precipitation days = 10.4| Oct precipitation days = 10.9| Nov precipitation days = 11.3| Dec precipitation days = 11.0| year precipitation days = 135.6| unit snow days = 1.0 cm| Jan snow days = 10.3| Feb snow days = 7.1| Mar snow days = 1.8| Apr snow days = 0.2| May snow days = 0.0| Jun snow days = 0.0| Jul snow days = 0.0| Aug snow days = 0.0| Sep snow days = 0.0| Oct snow days = 0.0| Nov snow days = 2.9| Dec snow days = 6.7| year snow days = 29.0| Jan humidity = 82.5| Feb humidity = 76.4| Mar humidity = 70.3| Apr humidity = 67.5| May humidity = 68.3| Jun humidity = 69.7| Jul humidity = 69.1| Aug humidity = 72.1| Sep humidity = 77.7| Oct humidity = 81.3| Nov humidity = 83.6| Dec humidity = 84.8| year humidity = 75.3| Jan sun = 55.8| Feb sun = 98.9| Mar sun = 142.6| Apr sun = 168.0| May sun = 229.4| Jun sun = 234.0| Jul sun = 275.9| Aug sun = 257.3| Sep sun = 189.0| Oct sun = 124.0| Nov sun = 63.0| Dec sun = 49.6| year sun = | Jan percentsun = 23| Feb percentsun = 39| Mar percentsun = 43| Apr percentsun = 45| May percentsun = 54| Jun percentsun = 55| Jul percentsun = 63| Aug percentsun = 63| Sep percentsun = 54| Oct percentsun = 41| Nov percentsun = 26| Dec percentsun = 23| year percentsun = 47| Jan uv = 1| Feb uv = 2| Mar uv = 3| Apr uv = 5| May uv = 7| Jun uv = 8| Jul uv = 8| Aug uv = 7| Sep uv = 5| Oct uv = 3| Nov uv = 1| Dec uv = 1| source = Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service and Weather Atlas| date = August 2010}}{| class=“wikitable mw-collapsible” style="width:100%; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto”Cityscape
{{wide image|Panorama Zagreb.jpg|800px|Panoramic view of Zagreb.}}The most important historical high-rise constructions are Neboder (1958) on Ban JelaÄić Square, Cibona Tower (1987), and ZagrepÄanka (1976) on Savska Street, Mamutica in Travno (Novi Zagreb – istok district, built in 1974) and Zagreb TV Tower on Sljeme (built in 1973).WEB,putujte.blogspot.com/2014/12/gdje-se-nalazi-najvazniji-neboder-u.html, Zagreb hoteli – putovanje u Zagreb, 27 August 2015, 19 December 2014, Blogger, hr, 14 January 2017,putujte.blogspot.com/2014/12/gdje-se-nalazi-najvazniji-neboder-u.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20170114064829putujte.blogspot.com/2014/12/gdje-se-nalazi-najvazniji-neboder-u.html,">web.archive.org/web/20170114064829putujte.blogspot.com/2014/12/gdje-se-nalazi-najvazniji-neboder-u.html, live, In the 2000s, the City Assembly approved a new plan that allowed for the many recent high-rise buildings in Zagreb, such as the Almeria Tower, Eurotower, HOTO Tower, Zagrebtower and one of the tallest skyscrapers Sky Office Tower.WEB,www.skyoffice.hr/hrv/, Sky Office – Zagreb, 27 August 2015, Sky Office, hr, dead,web.archive.org/web/20150817011757/https://www.skyoffice.hr/hrv/, 17 August 2015, WEB,www.emporis.com/buildings/1199128/sky-office-tower-zagreb-croatia,www.emporis.com/buildings/1199128/sky-office-tower-zagreb-croatia," title="web.archive.org/web/20150924143210www.emporis.com/buildings/1199128/sky-office-tower-zagreb-croatia,">web.archive.org/web/20150924143210www.emporis.com/buildings/1199128/sky-office-tower-zagreb-croatia, dead, 24 September 2015, Sky Office Tower, Zagreb, 27 August 2015, Empoirs, In Novi Zagreb, the neighbourhoods of Blato and LaniÅ¡te expanded significantly, including the Zagreb Arena and the adjoining business centre.WEB,www.novi-zagreb.hr/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1174, Blato i LaniÅ¡te postaju najsuvremeniji dio Zagreba?, novi-zagreb.hr, 28 March 2008, 27 July 2008, hr, dead,www.novi-zagreb.hr/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1174," title="web.archive.org/web/20110721101337www.novi-zagreb.hr/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1174,">web.archive.org/web/20110721101337www.novi-zagreb.hr/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1174, 21 July 2011, Due to a long-standing restriction that forbade the construction of 10-story or higher buildings, most of Zagreb’s high-rise buildings date from the 1970s and 1980s and new apartment buildings on the outskirts of the city are usually 4–8 floors tall. Exceptions to the restriction have been made in recent years, such as permitting the construction of high-rise buildings in LaniÅ¡te or Kajzerica.WEB,www.javno.com/hr/zagreb/clanak.php?id=55540, Na LaniÅ¡tu gradnja iznad 9 katova, 21 September 2009, 21 June 2007, Javno.hr, hr, dead,www.javno.com/hr/zagreb/clanak.php?id=55540," title="web.archive.org/web/20090115193913www.javno.com/hr/zagreb/clanak.php?id=55540,">web.archive.org/web/20090115193913www.javno.com/hr/zagreb/clanak.php?id=55540, 15 January 2009,Surroundings
{{further|Zagreb County|Prigorje|Hrvatsko Zagorje|Turopolje}}File:Stari grad Medvedgrad - Zagreb 02.jpg|thumb|left|upright=1.0|MedvedgradMedvedgradThe wider Zagreb area has been continuously inhabited since the prehistoric period, as witnessed by archaeological findings in the Veternica cave from the Paleolithic and excavation of the remains of the Roman Andautonia near the present village of Šćitarjevo.Picturesque former villages on the slopes of Medvednica, Å estine, GraÄani, and Remete, maintain their rich traditions, including folk costumes, Å estine umbrellas, and gingerbread products.To the north is the Medvednica Mountain (), with its highest peak Sljeme(1,035 m), where one of the tallest structures in Croatia, Zagreb TV Tower is located. The Sava and the Kupa valleys are to the south of Zagreb, and the region of Hrvatsko Zagorje is located on the other (northern) side of the Medvednica hill. In mid-January 2005, Sljeme held its first World Ski Championship tournament.File:Sljeme_(31374028193).jpg|thumb|upright|Zagreb TV TowerZagreb TV TowerFrom the summit, weather permitting, the vista reaches as far as Velebit Range along Croatia’s rocky northern coast, as well as the snow-capped peaks of the towering Julian Alps in neighboring Slovenia. There are several lodging villages, offering accommodation and restaurants for hikers. Skiers visit Sljeme, which has four ski-runs, three ski-lifts, and a chairlift.The old Medvedgrad, a recently restored medieval (wikt:Special:Search/burg|burg) was built in the 13th century on Medvednica hill. It overlooks the western part of the city and also hosts the Shrine of the Homeland, a memorial with an eternal flame, where Croatia pays reverence to all its heroes fallen for homeland in its history, customarily on national holidays. The ruined medieval fortress Susedgrad is located on the far-western side of Medvednica hill. It has been abandoned since the early 17th century, but it is visited during the year.Zagreb occasionally experiences earthquakes, due to the proximity of Žumberak-Medvednica fault zone.SEISMOGENIC ZONES OF NORTHWESTERN CROATIA {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160206110700www2.ogs.trieste.it/gngts/gngts/convegniprecedenti/2008/riassunti/1.1/11-toml.pdf |date=6 February 2016 }} GNGTS 2008 It’s classified as an area of high seismic activity.WEB,zagreb.usembassy.gov/service/special-consular-services/emergency-and-medical-issues/earthquake.html, Earthquake – Zagreb, Croatia – Embassy of the United States, usembassy.gov, dead,zagreb.usembassy.gov/service/special-consular-services/emergency-and-medical-issues/earthquake.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20160206090402zagreb.usembassy.gov/service/special-consular-services/emergency-and-medical-issues/earthquake.html,">web.archive.org/web/20160206090402zagreb.usembassy.gov/service/special-consular-services/emergency-and-medical-issues/earthquake.html, 6 February 2016, The area around Medvednica was the epicentre of the 1880 Zagreb earthquake (magnitude 6.3), and the area is known for occasional landslide threatening houses in the area.WEB,www.hgi-cgs.hr/zagreb_potresi.html, Potresi na zagrebaÄkom podruÄju, dpuljic, hgi-cgs.hr, 5 February 2016, 6 February 2016,www.hgi-cgs.hr/zagreb_potresi.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20160206080543www.hgi-cgs.hr/zagreb_potresi.html,">web.archive.org/web/20160206080543www.hgi-cgs.hr/zagreb_potresi.html, dead, The proximity of strong seismic sources presents a real danger of strong earthquakes. Croatian Chief of Office of Emergency Management Pavle Kalinić stated Zagreb experiences around 400 earthquakes a year, most of them being imperceptible. However, in case of a strong earthquake, it’s expected that 3,000 people would die and up to 15,000 would be wounded.WEB,net.hr/danas/hrvatska/stizu-upute-kako-se-ponasati-potresi-se-stalno-dogadaju-zagreb-ih-ima-400-godisnje/, STIŽU UPUTE KAKO SE PONAÅ ATI: “Potresi se stalno dogaÄ‘aju. Zagreb ih ima 400 godiÅ¡nje”, 14 January 2016, net.hr, 5 February 2016, 6 February 2016,net.hr/danas/hrvatska/stizu-upute-kako-se-ponasati-potresi-se-stalno-dogadaju-zagreb-ih-ima-400-godisnje/," title="web.archive.org/web/20160206085325net.hr/danas/hrvatska/stizu-upute-kako-se-ponasati-potresi-se-stalno-dogadaju-zagreb-ih-ima-400-godisnje/,">web.archive.org/web/20160206085325net.hr/danas/hrvatska/stizu-upute-kako-se-ponasati-potresi-se-stalno-dogadaju-zagreb-ih-ima-400-godisnje/, dead,Demographics
(File:Zagreb population pyramid.svg|thumb|right|Zagreb population pyramid in 2021)Zagreb is by far the largest city in Croatia in terms of population, which was 767,131 in 2021.{{historical populations|1857|48266|1869|54761|1880|67188|1890|82848|1900|111565|1910|136351|1921|167765|1931|258024|1948|356529|1953|393919|1961|478076|1971|629896|1981|723065|1991|777826|2001|779145|2011|790017|2021|767131|align=right|cols=1|source=}}Zagreb metropolitan area population is slightly above 1.0 million inhabitants,WEB,www.citymayors.com/statistics/largest-cities-mayors-ad2.html, City Mayors: Largest cities and their mayors in 2011 (Countries A-D), City Mayors & Tann vom Hove, citymayors.com, 2010, City Mayors & Tann vom Hove, 29 June 2011, 27 August 2011,citymayors.com/statistics/largest-cities-mayors-ad2.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20110827103351citymayors.com/statistics/largest-cities-mayors-ad2.html,">web.archive.org/web/20110827103351citymayors.com/statistics/largest-cities-mayors-ad2.html, live, as it includes the Zagreb County.WEB,www.ff.uni-lj.si/oddelki/geo/publikacije/dela/files/Dela_27/01_Sic.pdf, Spatial and functional changes in recent urban development of Zagreb, 2007, 6 November 2008, Delo (newspaper), Delo, Sić, Miroslav, dead,www.ff.uni-lj.si/oddelki/geo/publikacije/dela/files/Dela_27/01_Sic.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20081217230924www.ff.uni-lj.si/oddelki/geo/publikacije/dela/files/Dela_27/01_Sic.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20081217230924www.ff.uni-lj.si/oddelki/geo/publikacije/dela/files/Dela_27/01_Sic.pdf, 17 December 2008, Zagreb metropolitan area makes approximately a quarter of a total population of Croatia.In 1997, the City of Zagreb itself was given special County status, separating it from Zagreb County,Narodne novine 62/01, 125/08 although it remains the administrative centre of both.The majority of its citizens are Croats making up 93.53% of the city’s population (2021 census). The same census records around 49,605 residents belonging to ethnic minorities: 12,035 Serbs (1.57%), 6,566 Bosniaks (0.86%), 3,475 Albanians (0.45%), 2,167 Romani (0.28%), 1,312 Slovenes (0.17%), 1,036 Macedonians (0.15%), 865 Montenegrins (0.11%), and a number of other smaller communities.{{Croatian Census 2021|M}}After the easing of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, thousands of foreign workers immigrated to Zagreb due to the shortage of labor force in Croatia. These workers primarily come from countries such as Nepal, the Philippines, India, and Bangladesh, as well as some European countries including Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Kosovo and North Macedonia.WEB, 2023-01-09, Jutarnji list - U Hrvatskoj je viÅ¡e od 115.000 stranih radnika, dovode ih 424 agencije za posredovanje,www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/u-hrvatskoj-je-vise-od-115-000-stranih-radnika-dovode-ih-424-agencije-za-posredovanje-15293929, 2023-03-31, www.jutarnji.hr, hr-hr, 31 March 2023,web.archive.org/web/20230331090827/https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/u-hrvatskoj-je-vise-od-115-000-stranih-radnika-dovode-ih-424-agencije-za-posredovanje-15293929, live, {{Croatian population data graph |popisi=HRV |upisano=2022-06-02 |podruÄje=City of Zagreb|p1857=48266|p1869=54761|p1880=67188|p1890=82848|p1900=111565|p1910=136351|p1921=167765|p1931=258024|p1948=356529|p1953=393919|p1961=478076|p1971=629896|p1981=723065|p1991=777826|p2001=779145|p2011=790017|p2021=767131}}City districts
File:Districts of Zagreb (map with numbers).svg|thumb|upright=1.0|Districts of ZagrebDistricts of ZagrebSince 14 December 1999 City of Zagreb is divided into 17 city districts (gradska Äetvrt, pl. gradske Äetvrti):{| class=“sortable wikitable” style="text-align:right”Settlements {| class“wikitable” style@float:right; margin:3px 0 3px 5px”
- Adamovec, population 975
- Belovar, population 378
- Blaguša, population 594
- Botinec, population 9
- Brebernica, population 49
- Brezovica, population 594
- Budenec, population 323
- Buzin, population 1,055
- Cerje, population 398
- Demerje, population 721
- Desprim, population 377
- Dobrodol, population 1,203
- Donji ÄŒehi, population 232
- Donji Dragonožec, population 577
- Donji Trpuci, population 428
- DrenÄec, population 131
- Drežnik BrezoviÄki, population 656
- Dumovec, population 903
- ÄurÄ‘ekovec, population 778
- Gajec, population 311
- Glavnica Donja, population 544
- Glavnica Gornja, population 226
- GlavniÄica, population 229
- Goli Breg, population 406
- Goranec, population 449
- Gornji ÄŒehi, population 363
- Gornji Dragonožec, population 295
- Gornji Trpuci, population 87
- GranÄari, population 221
- Havidić Selo, population 53
- Horvati, population 1,490
- Hrašće Turopoljsko, population 1,202
- Hrvatski Leskovac, population 2,687
- Hudi Bitek, population 441
- Ivanja Reka, population 1,800
- Jesenovec, population 460
- Ježdovec, population 1,728
- Kašina, population 1,548
- Kašinska Sopnica, population 245
- KuÄilovina, population 219
- Kućanec, population 228
- KupineÄki Kraljevec, population 1,957
- Lipnica, population 207
- LuÄko, population 3,010
- Lužan, population 719
- Mala Mlaka, population 636
- Markovo Polje, population 425
- MoravÄe, population 663
- Odra, population 1,866
- Odranski Obrež, population 1,578
- Paruževina, population 632
- Planina Donja, population 554
- Planina Gornja, population 247
- Popovec, population 937
- Prekvršje, population 809
- Prepuštovec, population 332
- Sesvete, population 54,085
- Soblinec, population 978
- Starjak, population 227
- Strmec, population 645
- Šašinovec, population 678
- Å imunÄevec, population 271
- Veliko Polje, population 1,668
- Vuger Selo, population 273
- Vugrovec Donji, population 442
- Vugrovec Gornji, population 357
- Vurnovec, population 201
- Zadvorsko, population 1,288
- Zagreb, population 688,163
- Žerjavinec, population 556
Politics and government
{{See also|Politics of Croatia}}File:Sabor-proÄelje.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Croatian Parliament (Sabor) on Saint Mark’s Square.]]File:George W. Bush in Zagreb.jpg|thumb|200px|George W. Bush giving a speech on St. Mark’s Square in front of Banski Dvori, the seat of the Croatian government, 4 April 2008]]Zagreb is the capital of the Republic of Croatia, its political center and the center of various state institutions. On the St. Mark’s Square are the seats of the Government of the Republic of Croatia in the Banski Dvori complex, the Croatian Parliament (Sabor), as well as the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Croatia. Various ministries and state agencies are located in the wider area of the City of Zagreb.City governance
{{See also|List of mayors of Zagreb|Zagreb Assembly}}The current mayor of Zagreb is Tomislav TomaÅ¡ević (’We can!’), elected in the 2021 Zagreb local elections, the second round of which was held on 30 May 2021. There are two deputy mayors elected from the same list, Danijela Dolenec and Luka Korlaet.WEB, Tomislav TomaÅ¡ević, Mayor of Zagreb,www.zagreb.hr/en/tomislav-tomasevic-mayor-of-zagreb/1980, 2023-12-28, www.zagreb.hr, hr, The Zagreb Assembly is composed of 51 representatives, elected in the 2021 Zagreb local elections.{{trim|{{#section-h:Zagreb Assembly|Political structure}}}}{{Clear}}The Zagreb Assembly is composed of 51 representatives, elected in the 2021 Zagreb local elections.According to the Constitution, the city of Zagreb, as the capital of Croatia, has a special status. As such, Zagreb performs self-governing public affairs of both city and county. It is also the seat of the Zagreb County which encircles Zagreb.{{multiple image| align = right| direction = vertical| width = 200| image1 = Strossmayerovo Å¡etaliÅ¡te.jpgMinority councils and representatives
Directly elected minority councils and representatives are tasked with consulting tasks for the local or regional authorities in which they are advocating for minority rights and interests, integration into public life and participation in the management of local affairs.WEB,www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/manjinski-izbori-prve-nedjelje-u-svibnju-krecu-i-edukacije-20230313, Manjinski izbori prve nedjelje u svibnju, kreću i edukacije, 13 March 2023, T-portal, 2 May 2023, At the 2023 Croatian national minorities councils and representatives elections Albanians, Bosniaks, Czechs, Hungarians, Macedonians, Montenegrins, Roma, Slovenes and Serbs of Croatia each fulfilled legal requirements to elect 25 members minority councils of the City of Zagreb while Bulgarians, Poles, Pannonian Rusyns, Russians, Slovaks, Italians, Turks, Ukrainians and Jews of Croatia elected individual representatives with representative of the Germans of Croatia remaining unelected due to the lack of candidates.WEB,www.izbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2023/Manjinski%20izbori%202023/Rezultati/Z21_GRAD_ZAGREB.pdf, Informacija o konaÄnim rezultatima izbora Älanova vijeća i izbora predstavnika nacionalnih manjina 2023. XXI. GRAD ZAGREB, 2023, Državno izborno povjerenstvo Republike Hrvatske, 3–10, hr, 3 June 2023, 3 June 2023,web.archive.org/web/20230603125848/https://www.izbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2023/Manjinski%20izbori%202023/Rezultati/Z21_GRAD_ZAGREB.pdf, dead, File:ZáhÅ™eb,_sloup_u_katedrály_1.jpg|thumb|upright|Kaptol Square with fountain Madonna and Angels.]]International relations
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Croatia}}Twin towns – sister cities
Zagreb is twinned with the following towns and cities:WEB,www1.zagreb.hr/mms/en/index.html, Intercity and International Cooperation of the City of Zagreb, 2006–2009 City of Zagreb, 23 June 2009, 7 July 2017,www1.zagreb.hr/mms/en/index.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20170707200910www1.zagreb.hr/mms/en/index.html,">web.archive.org/web/20170707200910www1.zagreb.hr/mms/en/index.html, dead, WEB, Gradovi prijatelji grada Zagreba,www.zgportal.com/o-zagrebu/gradovi-prijatelji/, 20 June 2017, 2 July 2017,www.zgportal.com/o-zagrebu/gradovi-prijatelji/," title="web.archive.org/web/20170702080604www.zgportal.com/o-zagrebu/gradovi-prijatelji/,">web.archive.org/web/20170702080604www.zgportal.com/o-zagrebu/gradovi-prijatelji/, live, WEB, Na Bundekfestu prvi put i gradovi prijatelji-Rim, BeÄ, BudimpeÅ¡ta i Ljubljana, 16 September 2014,narod.hr/zagreb-2/na-bundekfestu-prvi-put-gradovi-prijatelji-rim-bec-budimpesta-ljubljana, 20 June 2017, 29 July 2017,web.archive.org/web/20170729100743/https://narod.hr/zagreb-2/na-bundekfestu-prvi-put-gradovi-prijatelji-rim-bec-budimpesta-ljubljana, live, {{colbegin|colwidth=20em}}- {{flagdeco|ITA}} Bologna, Italy (since 1963)
- {{flagdeco|GER}} Mainz, Germany (since 1967)
- {{flagdeco|RUS}} Saint Petersburg, Russia (since 1968)WEB,eng.gov.spb.ru/figures/ities, Saint Petersburg in figures – International and Interregional Ties, Saint Petersburg City Government, 23 March 2008, dead,eng.gov.spb.ru/figures/ities," title="archive.today/20090224073839eng.gov.spb.ru/figures/ities,">archive.today/20090224073839eng.gov.spb.ru/figures/ities, 24 February 2009,
- {{flagdeco|NOR}} Tromsø, Norway (since 1971)
- {{flagdeco|ARG}} Buenos Aires, Argentina (since 1972)
- {{flagdeco|JAP}} Kyoto, Japan (since 1972)WEB,www.city.kyoto.lg.jp/sogo/page/0000083407.html, Sister Cities of Kyoto City, 21 January 2014, City of Kyoto,www.city.kyoto.lg.jp/sogo/page/0000083407.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20140121151906www.city.kyoto.lg.jp/sogo/page/0000083407.html,">web.archive.org/web/20140121151906www.city.kyoto.lg.jp/sogo/page/0000083407.html, 21 January 2014, dead,
- {{flagdeco|POR}} Lisbon, Portugal (since 1977)WEB,www.anmp.pt/anmp/pro/mun1/gem101l0.php?cod_ent=M1100, Lisboa – Geminações de Cidades e Vilas, 23 August 2013, Associação Nacional de MunicÃpios Portugueses [National Association of Portuguese Municipalities], pt, Lisbon – Twinning of Cities and Towns, 20 May 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200520050208/https://www.anmp.pt/anmp/pro/mun1/gem101l0.php?cod_ent=M1100, live, WEB,www.cm-lisboa.pt/municipio/relacoes-internacionais, Acordos de Geminação, de Cooperação e/ou Amizade da Cidade de Lisboa, 23 August 2013, Camara Municipal de Lisboa, pt, Lisbon – Twinning Agreements, Cooperation and Friendship, dead,www.cm-lisboa.pt/municipio/relacoes-internacionais," title="web.archive.org/web/20131031202617www.cm-lisboa.pt/municipio/relacoes-internacionais,">web.archive.org/web/20131031202617www.cm-lisboa.pt/municipio/relacoes-internacionais, 31 October 2013,
- {{flagdeco|USA}} Pittsburgh, United States (since 1980)
- {{flagdeco|PRC}} Shanghai, China (since 1980)
- {{flagdeco|HUN}} Budapest, Hungary (since 1994)WEB,budapest.hu/Lapok/Fovaros/Testvervarosok.aspx, Budapest – Testvérvárosok, 14 August 2013, Budapest Főváros Önkormányzatának hivatalos oldala [Official site of the Municipality of Budapest], hu, Budapest – Twin Cities,budapest.hu/Lapok/Fovaros/Testvervarosok.aspx," title="web.archive.org/web/20130809185135budapest.hu/Lapok/Fovaros/Testvervarosok.aspx,">web.archive.org/web/20130809185135budapest.hu/Lapok/Fovaros/Testvervarosok.aspx, 9 August 2013, dead,
- {{flagdeco|BOL}} La Paz, Bolivia (since 2000)
- {{flagdeco|BIH}} Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina (since 2001)WEB,www.sarajevo.ba/en/stream.php?kat=147, Fraternity cities on Sarajevo Official Web Site, City of Sarajevo 2001–2008, 9 November 2008, dead,www.sarajevo.ba/en/stream.php?kat=147," title="web.archive.org/web/20081201150030www.sarajevo.ba/en/stream.php?kat=147,">web.archive.org/web/20081201150030www.sarajevo.ba/en/stream.php?kat=147, 1 December 2008,
- {{flagdeco|SLO}} Ljubljana, Slovenia (since 2001)WEB,www.ljubljana.si/si/ljubljana/pobratena-mesta-zdruzenja/, Medmestno in mednarodno sodelovanje, 27 July 2013, Mestna obÄina Ljubljana (Ljubljana City), sl, dead,www.ljubljana.si/si/ljubljana/pobratena-mesta-zdruzenja/," title="web.archive.org/web/20130626075304www.ljubljana.si/si/ljubljana/pobratena-mesta-zdruzenja/,">web.archive.org/web/20130626075304www.ljubljana.si/si/ljubljana/pobratena-mesta-zdruzenja/, 26 June 2013,
- {{flagdeco|MNE}} Podgorica, Montenegro (since 2006)
- {{flagdeco|IRN}} Tabriz, Iran (since 2006)WEB,www.farsnews.ir/newstext.php?nn=8507180542, سÙير كرواسي در تهران: “زاگرب” با تبريز خواهر خوانده مي‌شود, 10 October 2006, Farsnews.ir, 23 December 2015, 10 April 2023,web.archive.org/web/20230410060257/https://www.farsnews.ir/news/8507180542/%D8%B2%D8%A7%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D8%A8%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B2-%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%B1-%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87-%D9%85%D9%8A%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%AF-, live,
- {{flagdeco|TUR}} Ankara, Turkey (since 2008)WEB,www.ankara.bel.tr/en/foreign-relations-department/sister-cities-of-ankara.V6zuCGVvfxs, Sister Cities of Ankara, ankara.bel.tr, 11 August 2016, 24 December 2018,web.archive.org/web/20181224190520/https://www.ankara.bel.tr/en/foreign-relations-department/sister-cities-of-ankara/.V6zuCGVvfxs, dead,
- {{flagdeco|UK}} London, United Kingdom (since 2009)
- {{flagdeco|MKD}} Skopje, Macedonia (since 2011)
- {{flagdeco|POL}} Warsaw, Poland (since 2011)WEB,www.zgportal.com/o-zagrebu/gradovi-prijatelji/, Gradovi prijatelji grada Zagreba, 25 August 2015, ZGportal Zagreb, 17 August 2015,www.zgportal.com/o-zagrebu/gradovi-prijatelji/," title="web.archive.org/web/20150817044203www.zgportal.com/o-zagrebu/gradovi-prijatelji/,">web.archive.org/web/20150817044203www.zgportal.com/o-zagrebu/gradovi-prijatelji/, live,
- {{flagdeco|KOS}} Pristina, Kosovo (since 2012)
- {{flagdeco|KAZ}} Astana, Kazakhstan (since 2014)WEB,astana.gov.kz/en/modules/material/5428, Declaration of intent signed by Akim of Astana and Mayor of Croatias capital, 4 July 2014, 9 October 2014, Akimat of Astana,astana.gov.kz/en/modules/material/5428," title="web.archive.org/web/20141015024125astana.gov.kz/en/modules/material/5428,">web.archive.org/web/20141015024125astana.gov.kz/en/modules/material/5428, 15 October 2014, dead,
- {{flagdeco|ITA}} Rome, Italy (since 2014)
- {{flagdeco|AUT}} Vienna, Austria (since 2014)
- {{flagdeco|CRO}} Petrinja, Croatia (since 2015)WEB, Zagreb i Petrinja postaju gradovi prijatelji, 9 July 2015,www.zagrebancija.com/zagreb-i-petrinja-postaju-gradovi-prijatelji/, 20 June 2017, 29 July 2017,www.zagrebancija.com/zagreb-i-petrinja-postaju-gradovi-prijatelji/," title="web.archive.org/web/20170729091818www.zagrebancija.com/zagreb-i-petrinja-postaju-gradovi-prijatelji/,">web.archive.org/web/20170729091818www.zagrebancija.com/zagreb-i-petrinja-postaju-gradovi-prijatelji/, live,
- {{flagdeco|CRO}} Vukovar, Croatia (since 2016)WEB, Vukovar i Zagreb gradovi prijatelji: Povelju o prijateljstvu potpisali Bandić i Penava,www.vecernji.hr/vijesti/vukovar-i-zagreb-gradovi-prijatelji-povelju-o-prijateljstvu-potpisali-milan-bandic-i-ivan-penava-1074743, 20 June 2017, 29 July 2017,web.archive.org/web/20170729092604/https://www.vecernji.hr/vijesti/vukovar-i-zagreb-gradovi-prijatelji-povelju-o-prijateljstvu-potpisali-milan-bandic-i-ivan-penava-1074743, live,
- {{flagdeco|PRC}} Xiangyang, China (since 2017)WEB, Koji su to sve gradovi prijatelji našem Zagrebu?, 6 November 2018,zg-magazin.com.hr/koji-su-to-sve-gradovi-prijatelji-nasem-zagrebu/, 2021-07-21, 21 July 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210721185752/https://zg-magazin.com.hr/koji-su-to-sve-gradovi-prijatelji-nasem-zagrebu/, live,
Partner cities
The city has partnership arrangements with:- {{flagdeco|Poland}} Kraków, Poland (since 1975)WEB, Kraków otwarty na świat,www.krakow.pl/otwarty_na_swiat/?LANG=UK&MENU=l&TYPE=ART&ART_ID=16, live,www.krakow.pl/otwarty_na_swiat/?LANG=UK&MENU=l&TYPE=ART&ART_ID=16," title="web.archive.org/web/20160813032716www.krakow.pl/otwarty_na_swiat/?LANG=UK&MENU=l&TYPE=ART&ART_ID=16,">web.archive.org/web/20160813032716www.krakow.pl/otwarty_na_swiat/?LANG=UK&MENU=l&TYPE=ART&ART_ID=16, 13 August 2016, 19 July 2009, krakow.pl,
- {{flagdeco|Albania}} Tirana, AlbaniaWEB, Twinning Cities: International Relations,www.tirana.gov.al/common/images/International%20Relations.pdf, dead,www.tirana.gov.al/common/images/International%20Relations.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20111010042121www.tirana.gov.al/common/images/International%20Relations.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20111010042121www.tirana.gov.al/common/images/International%20Relations.pdf, 10 October 2011, 23 June 2009, Municipality of Tirana, tirana.gov.al, Twinning Cities: International Relations. Municipality of Tirana. www.tirana.gov.al. Retrieved on 25 January 2008.
- {{flagdeco|Hungary}} Pécs, HungaryWEB, Twin cities of Pécs,pecseconomy.eu/city-of-pecs/twin-cities-of-pecs/, live,web.archive.org/web/20220220222944/https://pecseconomy.eu/city-of-pecs/twin-cities-of-pecs/, 20 February 2022, 20 February 2022, PécsEconomy,
- {{flagdeco|Ukraine}} Kyiv, Ukraine (since 2024)WEB, GradonaÄelnici Zagreba i Kijeva potpisali sporazum o prijateljstvu i suradnji,www.zagreb.hr/en/gradonacelnici-zagreba-i-kijeva-potpisali-sporazum/197952, 2024-05-06, www.zagreb.hr, hr,
Culture
Tourism
File:Crkva Sv Marka, Zagreb.JPG|thumb|220px|View of the St. Mark’s Church with the famous colourful roof representing the coat of arms of the Triune Kingdom of Croatia, Dalmatia and SlavoniaSlavoniaZagreb is an important tourist center, not only in terms of passengers traveling from the rest of Europe to the Adriatic Sea but also as a travel destination itself. Since the end of the war, it has attracted close to a million visitors annually, mainly from Austria, Germany, and Italy, and in recent years many tourists from far east (South Korea, Japan, China, and last two years, from India). It has become an important tourist destination, not only in Croatia, but considering the whole region of southeastern Europe.There are many interesting sights and happenings for tourists to attend in Zagreb, for example, the two statues of Saint George, one at the Republic of Croatia Square, the other at the Stone Gate, where the image of Virgin Mary is said to be the only thing that did not burn in the 17th-century fire. Also, there is an art installation starting in the Bogovićeva Street, called Nine Views.Zagreb is also famous for its award-winning Christmas market that had been named the one in Europe for three years in a row (2015, 2016, 2017) by European Best Destinations.WEB, Zagreb Christmas Market 2021 - Dates, hotels, things to do,...,www.europeanbestdestinations.com/christmas-markets/zagreb/, 2021-09-30, Europe’s Best Destinations, en-US, 30 September 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210930165656/https://www.europeanbestdestinations.com/christmas-markets/zagreb/, live, WEB, 2017-12-11, I treću godinu zaredom: Zagreb ima najbolji Advent u Europi!,www.24sata.hr/news/i-trecu-godinu-zaredom-zagreb-ima-najbolji-advent-u-europi-552102, 2021-09-30, 24sata (Croatia), 24sata, hr, 30 September 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210930165653/https://www.24sata.hr/news/i-trecu-godinu-zaredom-zagreb-ima-najbolji-advent-u-europi-552102, live, The capital is also known for its top Restaurants in ZagrebWEB, Welcome Center Croatia - The Art Of Travelling,www.welcome-center-croatia.co, 2022-06-16, www.welcome-center-croatia.com, en, 12 June 2022, https:web.archive.org/web/20220612084154www.welcome-center-croatia.com//, live, that offer more than traditional Croatian food and classic dishes. In addition to that, a lot of international hotel chains are offering their accommodations in Zagreb, including: Best Western, Hilton Worldwide: (DoubleTree by Hilton, Hilton Garden Inn & Canopy by Hilton), Marriott International: (Sheraton Hotels & Westin Hotels), Radisson Hotel Group, Mövenpick Hotels & Resorts and a former Regent Hotels & Resorts which is now Esplanade Zagreb Hotel.The historical part of the city to the north of Ban JelaÄić Square is composed of the Gornji Grad and Kaptol, a medieval urban complex of churches, palaces, museums, galleries and government buildings that are popular with tourists on sightseeing tours. The historic district can be reached on foot, starting from the Ban JelaÄić Square, the center of Zagreb, or by a funicular on nearby Tomićeva Street. Each Saturday, (from April until the end of September), on St. Mark’s Square in the Upper town, tourists can meet members of the Order of The Silver Dragon (Red Srebrnog Zmaja), who reenact famous historical conflicts between Gradec and Kaptol.In 2010 more than 600,000WEB,www.poslovni.hr/vijesti/grad-zagreb-u-2010-broj-turistickih-dolazaka-veci-za-4-posto-168991.aspx, Broj turistickih dolazaka, poslovni.hr, 12 January 2012, 16 January 2011,www.poslovni.hr/vijesti/grad-zagreb-u-2010-broj-turistickih-dolazaka-veci-za-4-posto-168991.aspx," title="web.archive.org/web/20110116094227www.poslovni.hr/vijesti/grad-zagreb-u-2010-broj-turistickih-dolazaka-veci-za-4-posto-168991.aspx,">web.archive.org/web/20110116094227www.poslovni.hr/vijesti/grad-zagreb-u-2010-broj-turistickih-dolazaka-veci-za-4-posto-168991.aspx, dead, tourists visited the city, with a 10%WEB,www.kigo.hr/tekst/11098.html, Broj turista najvise porastao u Zagrebu, kigo.hr, 12 January 2012, dead,www.kigo.hr/tekst/11098.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20130301124403www.kigo.hr/tekst/11098.html,">web.archive.org/web/20130301124403www.kigo.hr/tekst/11098.html, 1 March 2013, increase seen in 2011. In 2012 a total of 675 707 touristsWEB,www.mint.hr/default.aspx?id=9244.html, U Zagrebu viÅ¡e turista i noćenja, Ministry of Tourism, 27 September 2013, 24 August 2015,www.mint.hr/default.aspx?id=9244.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20150824195531www.mint.hr/default.aspx?id=9244.html,">web.archive.org/web/20150824195531www.mint.hr/default.aspx?id=9244.html, live, visited the city. A record number of tourists visited Zagreb in 2017. – 1.286.087, up 16% compared to the year before, which generated 2.263.758 overnight stays, up 14,8%.Souvenirs and gastronomy
File:Licitars2.jpg |thumb|200px|left|LicitarLicitarNumerous shops, boutiques, store houses and shopping centers offer a variety of quality clothing. There are about fourteen big shopping centers in Zagreb. Zagreb’s offerings include crystal, china and ceramics, wicker or straw baskets, and top-quality Croatian wines and gastronomic products.Notable Zagreb souvenirs are the tie or cravat, an accessory named after Croats who wore characteristic scarves around their necks in the Thirty Years’ War in the 17th century and the ball-point pen, a tool developed from the inventions by Slavoljub Eduard Penkala, an inventor and a citizen of Zagreb.Many Zagreb restaurants offer various specialties of national and international cuisine. Domestic products which deserve to be tasted include turkey, duck or goose with mlinci (a kind of pasta), Å¡trukli (cottage cheese strudel), sir i vrhnje (cottage cheese with cream), kremÅ¡nite (custard slices in flaky pastry), and orehnjaÄa (traditional walnut roll).{{multiple image| align = right| direction = vertical| width = 200| image1 = Regent_super_foto_2.jpg| caption1 = Esplanade Zagreb Hotel| image2 = Rue commerciale de Zagreb en 2022.jpg| caption2 = Ilica, the famous shopping street of the city| image3 = TkalÄićeva ulica - panoramio.jpg| caption3 = TkalÄićeva Street, commonly known as “TkalÄa“(Tkalcha) with many cafes, bars and restaurants of local and foreign cuisine}}Cultural institutions
Zagreb’s museums reflect the history, art, and culture not only of Zagreb and Croatia, but also of Europe and the world. Around thirty collections in museums and galleries comprise more than 3.6 million various exhibits, excluding church and private collections.The Archaeological Museum collections, today consisting of nearly 450,000 varied archaeological artefacts and monuments, have been gathered over the years from many different sources. These holdings include evidence of Croatian presence in the area.WEB,www.amz.hr/eng/page.asp?id=muzej&sub=2&url=povijest, The History and Activities of the Archeological Museum, 2 July 2006,www.amz.hr/eng/page.asp?id=muzej&sub=2&url=povijest," title="web.archive.org/web/20060518052905www.amz.hr/eng/page.asp?id=muzej&sub=2&url=povijest,">web.archive.org/web/20060518052905www.amz.hr/eng/page.asp?id=muzej&sub=2&url=povijest, 18 May 2006, dead, The most famous are the Egyptian collection, the Zagreb mummy and bandages with the oldest Etruscan inscription in the world (Liber Linteus Zagrabiensis), as well as the numismatic collection.Modern Gallery () holds the most important and comprehensive collection of paintings, sculptures and drawings by 19th- and 20th-century Croatian artists. The collection numbers more than 10,000 works of art, housed since 1934 in the historic Vranyczany Palace in the center of Zagreb, overlooking the Zrinjevac Park. A secondary gallery is the Josip RaÄić Studio.WEB, Modern Gallery, Moderna Galerija,www.moderna-galerija.hr/, 8 October 2010, 11 October 2012,www.moderna-galerija.hr/," title="web.archive.org/web/20121011003429www.moderna-galerija.hr/,">web.archive.org/web/20121011003429www.moderna-galerija.hr/, live, Croatian Natural History Museum holds one of the world’s most important collections of Neanderthal remains found at one site.WEB,www.zagreb-touristinfo.hr/?id=94&l=e&nav=nav5&solo=270, Croatian Natural History Museum, 2 July 2006, 16 February 2007,www.zagreb-touristinfo.hr/?id=94&l=e&nav=nav5&solo=270," title="web.archive.org/web/20070216051221www.zagreb-touristinfo.hr/?id=94&l=e&nav=nav5&solo=270,">web.archive.org/web/20070216051221www.zagreb-touristinfo.hr/?id=94&l=e&nav=nav5&solo=270, live, These are the remains, stone weapons, and tools of prehistoric Krapina man. The holdings of the Croatian Natural History Museum comprise more than 250,000 specimens distributed among various collections.Technical Museum was founded in 1954 and it maintains the oldest preserved machine in the area, dating from 1830, which is still operational. The museum exhibits numerous historic aircraft, cars, machinery and equipment. There are some distinct sections in the museum: the Planetarium, the Apisarium, the Mine (model of mines for coal, iron and non-ferrous metals, about {{cvt|300|m|ft}} long), and the Nikola Tesla study.WEB,www.zagreb-touristinfo.hr/?id=94&l=e&nav=nav5&solo=291, Technical Museum, 2 July 2006, 16 February 2007,www.zagreb-touristinfo.hr/?id=94&l=e&nav=nav5&solo=291," title="web.archive.org/web/20070216051241www.zagreb-touristinfo.hr/?id=94&l=e&nav=nav5&solo=291,">web.archive.org/web/20070216051241www.zagreb-touristinfo.hr/?id=94&l=e&nav=nav5&solo=291, live, WEB,www.tmnt.hr/, TehniÄki muzej, hr, Technical Museum, Zagreb, Croatia, Official web site, 28 July 2021, 20 August 2019,tmnt.hr/," title="web.archive.org/web/20190820042703tmnt.hr/,">web.archive.org/web/20190820042703tmnt.hr/, live, {{multiple imageEvents
Zagreb has been, and is, hosting some of the most popular mainstream artists, in the past few years their concerts held the Queen, Rolling Stones, U2, Guns N’ Roses, Eric Clapton, Deep Purple, Bob Dylan, David Bowie, Elton John, Roger Waters, Depeche Mode, Prodigy, Beyoncé, Lady Gaga, Britney Spears, Justin Bieber, Shakira, Nick Cave, Jamiroquai, George Michael, Sade, Sting, Rod Stewart, Eros Ramazzotti, Manu Chao, Massive Attack, Andrea Bocelli, Metallica, 50 Cent, Snoop Dogg, Duran Duran as well as some of world most recognised underground artists such as Dimmu Borgir, Sepultura, Melvins, Mastodon and many more.Zagreb is also the home of the INmusic festival, one of the biggest open-air festivals in Croatia which is held every year, usually at the end of June. There is also the Zagreb Jazz Festival which has featured popular jazz artists like Pat Metheny or Sonny Rollins. Many others festivals occur in Zagreb like Žedno uho featuring indie, rock, metal and electronica artists such as Animal Collective, Melvins, Butthole Surfers, Crippled Black Phoenix, NoMeansNo, The National, Mark Lanegan, Swans, Mudhoney around the clubs and concert halls of Zagreb.File:Croatian National Theatre in Zagreb in 2018.jpg|thumb|left|Croatian National Theatre ]]File:Dvorana Vatroslav Lisinski cijela 7 rujna 2008.jpg|thumb|left|Vatroslav Lisinski Concert HallVatroslav Lisinski Concert HallPerforming arts
There are about 20 permanent or seasonal theatres and stages. The Croatian National Theater in Zagreb was built in 1895 and opened by emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria. The most renowned concert hall named “Vatroslav Lisinski”, after the composer of the first Croatian opera, was built in 1973.The World Theatre Festival and International Puppet Festival both take place in Zagreb in September and October.WEB, Festivals and Annual Events in Zagreb, Croatia, Zagreb.com,www.zagreb.com/v/festivals/, 14 December 2021, 14 December 2021,web.archive.org/web/20211214104240/https://www.zagreb.com/v/festivals/, live, Animafest, the World Festival of Animated Films, takes place every even-numbered year, and the Music Biennale, the international festival of avant-garde music, every odd-numbered year. It also hosts the annual ZagrebDox documentary film festival. The Festival of the Zagreb Philharmonic and the flowers exhibition Floraart (end of May or beginning of June), the Old-timer Rally annual events. In the summer, theatre performances and concerts, mostly in the Upper Town, are organized either indoors or outdoors. The stage on Opatovina hosts the Zagreb Histrionic Summer theatre events.Zagreb is also the host of Zagrebfest, the oldest Croatian pop-music festival, as well as of several traditional international sports events and tournaments. The Day of the City of Zagreb on 16 November is celebrated every year with special festivities, especially on the Jarun lake in the southwestern part of the city.Recreation and sports
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}}Zagreb is home to numerous sports and recreational centers. Recreational Sports Center Jarun, situated on Jarun Lake in the southwest of the city, has fine shingle beaches, a world-class regatta course, a jogging lane around the lake, several restaurants, many night clubs and a discothèque. Its sports and recreation opportunities include swimming, sunbathing, waterskiing, angling, and other water sports, but also beach volleyball, football, basketball, handball, table tennis, and mini-golf.Dom Sportova, a sport centre in northern TreÅ¡njevka features six halls. The largest two have seating capacity of 5,000 and 3,100 people, respectively.WEB,www.sportskiobjekti.hr/default.aspx?id=105, Ustanova Upravljanje sportskim objektima – Dvorane Doma sportova, Globaldizajn, www.globaldizajn.hr, sportskiobjekti.hr, 24 August 2016, 22 October 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201022180853/https://www.sportskiobjekti.hr/default.aspx?id=105, live, This centre is used for basketball, handball, volleyball, hockey, gymnastics, tennis, etc. It also hosts music events.Arena Zagreb was finished in 2008. The 16,500-seat arenaArena Zagreb{{circular reference|date=October 2015}} hosted the 2009 World Men’s Handball Championship. The Dražen Petrović Basketball Hall seats 5,400 people. Alongside the hall is the {{cvt|94|m|ft|adj=on}} high glass Cibona Tower. Sports Park Mladost, situated on the embankment of the Sava river, has an Olympic-size swimming pool, smaller indoor and outdoor swimming pools, a sunbathing terrace, 16 tennis courts as well as basketball, volleyball, handball, football and field hockey courts. A volleyball sports hall is within the park. Sports and Recreational Center Å alata, located in Å alata, only a couple hundred meters from the JelaÄić Square, is most attractive for tennis players. It comprises a big tennis court and eight smaller ones, two of which are covered by the so-called “balloon”, and another two equipped with lights. The center also has swimming pools, basketball courts, football fields, a gym, and fitness center, and a four-lane bowling alley. Outdoor ice skating is a popular winter recreation. There are also several fine restaurants within and near the center.File:Zicara za inficu.jpg|thumb|upright|left|The newly opened Sljeme Cable CarSljeme Cable CarMaksimir Tennis Center, located in Ravnice east of downtown, consists of two sports blocks. The first comprises a tennis center situated in a large tennis hall with four courts. There are 22 outdoor tennis courts with lights. The other block offers multipurpose sports facilities: apart from tennis courts, there are handball, basketball and indoor football grounds, as well as track and field facilities, a bocci ball alley and table tennis opportunities.Recreational swimmers can enjoy a smaller-size indoor swimming pool in DaniÄićeva Street, and a newly opened indoor Olympic-size pool at Utrine sports center in Novi Zagreb. Skaters can skate in the skating rink on Trg Sportova (Sports Square) and on the lake Jarun Skaters’ park. Hippodrome Zagreb offers recreational horseback riding opportunities, while horse races are held every weekend during the warmer part of the year.The 38,923Stadion Maksimir{{circular reference|date=October 2015}}-seat Maksimir Stadium, last 10 years under renovation, is located in Maksimir in the northeastern part of the city. The stadium is part of the immense Svetice recreational and sports complex (Å RC Svetice), south of the Maksimir Park. The complex covers an area of {{cvt|276440|m2|acre|0}}. It is part of a significant green zone, which passes from Medvednica in the north toward the south. Å RC Svetice, together with Maksimir Park, creates an ideal connection of areas which are assigned to sport, recreation, and leisure.The latest larger recreational facility is Bundek, a group of two small lakes near the Sava in Novi Zagreb, surrounded by a partly forested park. The location had been used prior to the 1970s, but then went to neglect until 2006 when it was renovated.In year 2021 Zagreb was the host city of Croatia Rally, round three of 2021 World Rally Championship. The Rally was won by Sébastien Ogier and Julien Ingrassia, Toyota Gazoo Racing WRT crew. Service parc, Overnight parc ferme and Shakedown Medvedgrad took place in Zagreb placing him as a lone capital in the championship. 2021 Croatia Rally became third tightest WRC event up to date, with only 0,6 seconds dividing the winning crew and second placed Elfyn Evans and Scott Martin (co-driver) in Toyota Yaris WRC. The Croatian round of WRC was praised by becoming the part of 2022 World Rally Championship.Some of the most notable sport clubs in Zagreb are: GNK Dinamo Zagreb, KHL MedveÅ¡Äak Zagreb, RK Zagreb, KK Cibona, KK Zagreb, KK Cedevita, NK Zagreb, HAVK Mladost and others. The city hosted the 2016 Davis Cup World Group final between Croatia and Argentina.|width = 190
|image1 = Prva vožnja SQT2019 žene.png
|caption1 = Snow Queen Trophy is a World Cup alpine ski race in Zagreb
|image2 = Jarun 20160702 5087.jpg
|caption2 = Arena Zagreb
|image3 = Jarun Lake aerial view.jpg
|caption3 = Jarun Lake
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Religion
{{multiple image| align = right| perrow = 2| total_width = 380| image1 = Záhřeb, katedrála 7.jpg| width1 = 550| height1 = 400| image2 = Mirogoj Zagreb entrance.jpg| width2 = 550| height2 = 400| image3 = Záhřeb, pravoslavný chrám 4.jpg| width3 = 550| height3 = 400| image4 = Zagreb - Islamski centar - džamija.jpg| width4 = 550| height4 = 400Economy
File:Zagreb-Night-Old-Town-AB 01.jpg|thumb|upright=1.0|left|Croatian Chamber of EconomyCroatian Chamber of EconomyImportant branches of industry are: production of electrical machines and devices, chemical, pharmaceutical, textile, food and drink processing. Zagreb is an international trade and business centre, as well as an essential transport hub placed at the crossroads of Central Europe, the Mediterranean and the Southeast Europe.WEB,www.zagreb.hr/Dokument.nsf/AboutZagreb?OpenPage, About Zagreb Economy, 2 July 2006, dead,www.zagreb.hr/Dokument.nsf/AboutZagreb?OpenPage," title="web.archive.org/web/20060614151640www.zagreb.hr/Dokument.nsf/AboutZagreb?OpenPage,">web.archive.org/web/20060614151640www.zagreb.hr/Dokument.nsf/AboutZagreb?OpenPage, 14 June 2006, Almost all of the largest Croatian as well as Central European companies and conglomerates such as Agrokor, INA, Hrvatski Telekom have their headquarters in the city.The only Croatian stock exchange is the Zagreb Stock Exchange (), which is located in Eurotower, one of the tallest Croatian skyscrapers.According to 2008 data, the city of Zagreb has the highest PPP and nominal gross domestic product per capita in Croatia at $32,185 and $27,271 respectively, compared to the Croatian averages of US$18,686 and $15,758.WEB,www.zagreb.hr/UserDocsImages/prezentacija_11%2011-ENG.ppt, Zagreb – City Office for Economy, Labour and Entrepreneurship, 25 April 2012, dead,www.zagreb.hr/UserDocsImages/prezentacija_11%2011-ENG.ppt," title="web.archive.org/web/20130720022211www.zagreb.hr/UserDocsImages/prezentacija_11%2011-ENG.ppt,">web.archive.org/web/20130720022211www.zagreb.hr/UserDocsImages/prezentacija_11%2011-ENG.ppt, 20 July 2013, File:Hrvatska Narodna Banka.jpg|thumb|upright=1.0|right|Croatian National BankCroatian National Bank(File:Viktor KovaÄić - PalaÄa burze u Zagrebu - kupola - 20231104 130753.jpg|thumb|upright=1.0|right|Dome of the Zagreb Old Stock Exchange Palace)As of May 2015, the average monthly net salary in Zagreb was 6,669 kuna, about €870 (Croatian average is 5,679 kuna, about €740).WEB,www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/prosjecna-placa-u-zagrebu-990-kuna-visa-od-hrvatskog-prosjeka/834757.aspx, ProsjeÄna plaća u Zagrebu 990 kuna viÅ¡a od hrvatskog prosjeka, Index.hr, 31 January 2016, 24 June 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200624015925/https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/Prosjecna-placa-u-Zagrebu-990-kuna-visa-od-hrvatskog-prosjeka/834757.aspx, live, WEB, Foto: Marijan SuÅ¡enj/PIXSELL,www.vecernji.hr/vijesti/znate-li-koliko-iznosi-prosjecna-placa-hrvatskoj-clanak-536625, Znate li koliko iznosi prosjeÄna plaća u Hrvatskoj? – Vijesti – hrvatska – VeÄernji list, Vecernji.hr, 5 May 2014, 27 September 2013,www.vecernji.hr/vijesti/znate-li-koliko-iznosi-prosjecna-placa-hrvatskoj-clanak-536625," title="web.archive.org/web/20130927165910www.vecernji.hr/vijesti/znate-li-koliko-iznosi-prosjecna-placa-hrvatskoj-clanak-536625,">web.archive.org/web/20130927165910www.vecernji.hr/vijesti/znate-li-koliko-iznosi-prosjecna-placa-hrvatskoj-clanak-536625, live, At the end of 2012, the average unemployment rate in Zagreb was around 9.5%.WEB,www.zagreb.hr/default.aspx?id=1037, Službene stranice Grada Zagreba – Zaposlenost i nezaposlenost, Zagreb.hr, 5 October 2013, 5 May 2014, 29 April 2017,www.zagreb.hr/default.aspx?id=1037," title="web.archive.org/web/20170429130911www.zagreb.hr/default.aspx?id=1037,">web.archive.org/web/20170429130911www.zagreb.hr/default.aspx?id=1037, live, 34% of companies in Croatia have headquarters in Zagreb, and 38.4% of the Croatian workforce works in Zagreb, including almost all banks, utility and public transport companies.WEB, CENTRALIZIRANA HRVATSKA Analiza Jutarnjeg – zaposleni ZagrepÄani primaju 50 posto veće plaće od Varaždinaca!, 3 August 2015,www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/centralizirana-hrvatska-analiza-jutarnjeg-zaposleni-zagrepcani-primaju-50-posto-vece-place-od-varazdinaca/286912/, 20 June 2017, 2 April 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190402102522/https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/centralizirana-hrvatska-analiza-jutarnjeg-zaposleni-zagrepcani-primaju-50-posto-vece-place-od-varazdinaca/286912/, live, WEB, Centralizacija: Zagreb troÅ¡i triput viÅ¡e od Rijeke, Splita i Osijeka zajedno,www.glas-slavonije.hr/221198/1/Centralizacija-Zagreb-trosi-triput-vise-od-Rijeke-Splita-i-Osijeka-zajedno, 20 June 2017, 22 June 2020,www.glas-slavonije.hr/221198/1/Centralizacija-Zagreb-trosi-triput-vise-od-Rijeke-Splita-i-Osijeka-zajedno," title="web.archive.org/web/20200622193117www.glas-slavonije.hr/221198/1/Centralizacija-Zagreb-trosi-triput-vise-od-Rijeke-Splita-i-Osijeka-zajedno,">web.archive.org/web/20200622193117www.glas-slavonije.hr/221198/1/Centralizacija-Zagreb-trosi-triput-vise-od-Rijeke-Splita-i-Osijeka-zajedno, live, WEB, Grabar Kitarović: Demografska slika Hrvatske je ogroman problem,dnevnik.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/kolinda-grabar-kitarovic-hrvatska-je-previse-centralizirana---423225.html, 20 June 2017, 26 June 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200626042633/https://dnevnik.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/kolinda-grabar-kitarovic-hrvatska-je-previse-centralizirana---423225.html, live, Companies in Zagreb create 52% of the total turnover and 60% of the total profit of Croatia in 2006 as well as 35% of Croatian export and 57% of Croatian import.WEB,www.zg.hgk.hr/prezentacija___read-only_.pdf, Gospodarstvo Grada Zagreba i ZagrebaÄke županije, 11 December 2007, 11 November 2008, Croatian Chamber of Economy, hr, dead,www.zg.hgk.hr/prezentacija___read-only_.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20081217230926www.zg.hgk.hr/prezentacija___read-only_.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20081217230926www.zg.hgk.hr/prezentacija___read-only_.pdf, 17 December 2008, WEB,www.zg.hgk.hr/pg006.html, Economic Profile of Zagreb Chamber of Commerce, Croatian Chamber of Commerce, Zagreb Chamber of Commerce, 25 January 2008,www.zg.hgk.hr/pg006.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20080115172243www.zg.hgk.hr/pg006.html,">web.archive.org/web/20080115172243www.zg.hgk.hr/pg006.html, 15 January 2008, hr, dead, The following table includes some of the main economic indicators for the period 2011–2019, based on the data by the Croatian Bureau of Statistics.WEB, BRUTO DOMAĆI PROIZVOD ZA REPUBLIKU HRVATSKU, HR_NUTS 2021. – HR NUTS 2 I ŽUPANIJE U 2019.,podaci.dzs.hr/2022/hr/29152, DZS, Državni zavod za statistiku, 29 April 2022, 5 July 2022,web.archive.org/web/20220705151853/https://podaci.dzs.hr/2022/hr/29152, live, WEB, BRUTO DOMAĆI PROIZVOD ZA REPUBLIKU HRVATSKU, HR_NUTS 2021. – HR NUTS 2 I ŽUPANIJE U 2021.,podaci.dzs.hr/2024/hr/77029, Državni zavod za statistiku, Croatian Bureau of Statistics, 28 February 2024, A linear interpolation was used for the population data between 2011 and 2021. While data on the yearly averaged conversion rates between HRK, EUR and USD is provided by the Croatian National Bank.WEB, Glavni makroekonomski indikatori, Main macroeconomic indicators,www.hnb.hr/statistika/glavni-makroekonomski-indikatori, HNB, 6 April 2022, 3 March 2016,www.hnb.hr/statistika/glavni-makroekonomski-indikatori," title="web.archive.org/web/20160303143658www.hnb.hr/statistika/glavni-makroekonomski-indikatori,">web.archive.org/web/20160303143658www.hnb.hr/statistika/glavni-makroekonomski-indikatori, live, {| class=“wikitable” style="text-align: center“!Year!Population!Exchange rate (EUR : USD)!GDP (nominal in mil. EUR)!GDP (nominal in mil. USD)!GDP per capita (nominal in EUR)!GDP per capita (nominal in USD)Transport
Highways
{{further|Highways in Croatia}}Zagreb is the hub of five major Croatian highways.File:Domovinski most Zg 0907.JPG|thumb|upright=1.4|left|Homeland BridgeHomeland BridgeThe highway A6 was upgraded in October 2008 and leads w:A7 (Croatia)#Route description|from Zagreb to Rijeka]], and forming a part of the Pan-European Corridor Vb. The upgrade coincided with the opening of the bridge over the Mura river on the A4 and the completion of the Hungarian M7, which marked the opening of the first freeway corridor between Rijeka and Budapest.WEB,www.product-of-croatia.com/vijest.php?broj=1499, From Zagreb to Rijeka in an hour, 22 October 2008, 11 November 2008, Product of Croatia, dead,www.product-of-croatia.com/vijest.php?broj=1499," title="web.archive.org/web/20110715120400www.product-of-croatia.com/vijest.php?broj=1499,">web.archive.org/web/20110715120400www.product-of-croatia.com/vijest.php?broj=1499, 15 July 2011, The A1 starts at the LuÄko interchange and concurs with the A6 up to the Bosiljevo 2 interchange, connecting Zagreb and Split ({{As of|2008|10}} Vrgorac). A further extension of the A1 up to Dubrovnik is under construction{{Update inline|date=July 2020}}. Both highways are tolled by the Croatian highway authorities Hrvatske autoceste and Autocesta Rijeka - Zagreb.{{citation needed|date=October 2012}}File:Zagrebacki prsten.png|thumb|upright=1.6|right|Zagreb bypassZagreb bypassHighway A3 (formerly named Bratstvo i jedinstvo) was the showpiece of Croatia in the SFRY. It is the oldest Croatian highway.WEB, Zbirka.si,www.zbirka.si/,www.zbirka.si/," title="web.archive.org/web/20160311035630www.zbirka.si/,">web.archive.org/web/20160311035630www.zbirka.si/, dead, 11 March 2016, PRAZNOVANJE ROJSTNEGA DNE ZA OTROKE – NASVETI!, Brotherhood and Unity Motorway, sl, 27 August 2015, {{cbignore|bot=medic}}WEB, Radio Television of Serbia,www.rts.rs/page/stories/sr/story/125/Dru%C5%A1tvo/602651/Vremeplov+%281.4.2010%29.html, Vremeplov, Time machine, sr, 1 April 2010, 17 August 2015, 10 August 2016,www.rts.rs/page/stories/sr/story/125/Dru%C5%A1tvo/602651/Vremeplov+(1.4.2010).html," title="web.archive.org/web/20160810140018www.rts.rs/page/stories/sr/story/125/Dru%C5%A1tvo/602651/Vremeplov+(1.4.2010).html,">web.archive.org/web/20160810140018www.rts.rs/page/stories/sr/story/125/Dru%C5%A1tvo/602651/Vremeplov+(1.4.2010).html, live, A3 forms a part of the Pan-European Corridor X. The highway starts at the Bregana border crossing, bypasses Zagreb forming the southern arch of the Zagreb bypass, and ends at Lipovac near the Bajakovo border crossing. It continues in Southeast Europe in the direction of Near East. This highway is tolled except for the stretch between Bobovica and Ivanja Reka interchanges.WEB, Hrvatske autoceste,www.hac.hr/files/file/brosure/A3_hr.pdf, Autocesta A3 – Bregana–Zagreb–Lipovac, Motorway A3 – Bregana–Zagreb–Lipovac, 3 July 2006, dead,www.hac.hr/files/file/brosure/A3_hr.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20110220231220www.hac.hr/files/file/brosure/A3_hr.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20110220231220www.hac.hr/files/file/brosure/A3_hr.pdf, 20 February 2011, 21 June 2017, Highway A2 is a part of the Corridor Xa.WEB,www.seetoint.org/index.php?option=com_rubberdoc&view=doc&id=6&format=raw, South East Europe Core Regional Transport Network Development Plan, May 2006, 13 November 2008, South-East Europe Transport Observatory, 5 October 2011,www.seetoint.org/index.php?option=com_rubberdoc&view=doc&id=6&format=raw," title="web.archive.org/web/20111005201048www.seetoint.org/index.php?option=com_rubberdoc&view=doc&id=6&format=raw,">web.archive.org/web/20111005201048www.seetoint.org/index.php?option=com_rubberdoc&view=doc&id=6&format=raw, live, It connects Zagreb and the frequently congested Macelj border crossing, forming a near-continuous motorway-level link between Zagreb and Western Europe.WEB,siteresources.worldbank.org/INTCUSTOMPOLICYANDADMIN/Resources/615371-1115072495642/P070088_PAD.pdf, Project appraisal document on a proposed loan to the Republic of Croatia, 27 September 2000, 13 November 2008, World Bank Group, The World Bank, 17 December 2008,siteresources.worldbank.org/INTCUSTOMPOLICYANDADMIN/Resources/615371-1115072495642/P070088_PAD.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20081217230924siteresources.worldbank.org/INTCUSTOMPOLICYANDADMIN/Resources/615371-1115072495642/P070088_PAD.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20081217230924siteresources.worldbank.org/INTCUSTOMPOLICYANDADMIN/Resources/615371-1115072495642/P070088_PAD.pdf, live, Forming a part of the Corridor Vb, highway A4 starts in Zagreb forming the northeastern wing of the Zagreb bypass and leads to Hungary until the GoriÄan border crossing. It is often used highway around Zagreb.WEB, Autocesta koja koÄi Hrvatsku,www.ncs.hr/hr/autocesta_koja_koci_hrvatsku/11758/7_2, 20 June 2017, 29 July 2017,www.ncs.hr/hr/autocesta_koja_koci_hrvatsku/11758/7_2," title="web.archive.org/web/20170729095021www.ncs.hr/hr/autocesta_koja_koci_hrvatsku/11758/7_2,">web.archive.org/web/20170729095021www.ncs.hr/hr/autocesta_koja_koci_hrvatsku/11758/7_2, dead, The railway and the highway A3 along the Sava river that extend to Slavonia (towards Slavonski Brod, Vinkovci, Osijek and Vukovar) are some of the busiest traffic corridors in the country.WEB,www.zagreb-life.com/travel/travel.php, Zagreb Transportation, 2 July 2006, 28 September 2007,www.zagreb-life.com/travel/travel.php," title="web.archive.org/web/20070928131750www.zagreb-life.com/travel/travel.php,">web.archive.org/web/20070928131750www.zagreb-life.com/travel/travel.php, dead, The railway running along the Sutla river and the A2 highway (Zagreb-Macelj) running through Zagorje, as well as traffic connections with the Pannonian region and Hungary (the Zagorje railroad, the roads and railway to Varaždin – ÄŒakovec and Koprivnica) are linked with truck routes.WEB,www.hznet.hr/iSite3/lgs.axd?t=16&id=1713, Izvješće o mreži, 67, 2009, 13 November 2008, Croatian Railways, hr, 10 April 2023,web.archive.org/web/20230410060315/https://www.udaljenosti.com/vozni-red-vlakova/, live, The southern railway connection to Split operates on a high-speed tilting trains line via the Lika region (renovated in 2004 to allow for a five-hour journey); a faster line along the Una river valley is in use only up to the border between Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina.WEB,ns1.vjesnik.com/html/2004/09/20/Clanak.asp?r=unu&c=1, Nagibni vlakovi viÅ¡e nisu nagibni, 20 September 2004, PupaÄić, Tomislav, 13 November 2008, Vjesnik, hr, dead,ns1.vjesnik.com/html/2004/09/20/Clanak.asp?r=unu&c=1," title="archive.today/20090108164504ns1.vjesnik.com/html/2004/09/20/Clanak.asp?r=unu&c=1,">archive.today/20090108164504ns1.vjesnik.com/html/2004/09/20/Clanak.asp?r=unu&c=1, 8 January 2009,Roads
File:Antunovic hotel - Zagreb (15322254719).jpg|thumb|upright=0.9|right|ZagrebaÄka AvenueZagrebaÄka AvenueFile:ÄŒvor_LuÄko_iz_zraka.jpg|thumb|upright=0.9|right|Part of the Zagreb bypass, LuÄko interchange is the Zagreb’s gateway to the Adriatic coastAdriatic coastThe city has an extensive avenue network with numerous main arteries up to ten lanes wide and Zagreb bypass, a congested four-lane highway encircling most of the city. Finding a parking space is supposed to be made somewhat easier by the construction of new underground multi-story parking lots (Importanne Center, Importanne Gallery, Lang Square, TuÅ¡kanac, Kvaternik Square, Klaić Street, etc.). The busiest roads are the main east–west arteries, former Highway “Brotherhood and Unity”, consisting of Ljubljanska Avenue, ZagrebaÄka Avenue and Slavonska Avenue; and the Vukovarska Avenue, the closest bypass of the city center. The avenues were supposed to alleviate the traffic problem, but most of them are nowadays gridlocked during rush hour and others, like Branimirova Avenue and Dubrovnik Avenue which are gridlocked for the whole day.WEB, PROMETNI KOLAPS Gužve zbog asfaltiranja Avenije Dubrovnik trajat će do kraja kolovoza, 22 August 2016,www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/prometni-kolaps-guzve-zbog-asfaltiranja-avenije-dubrovnik-trajat-ce-do-kraja-kolovoza/4633754/, 20 June 2017, 29 July 2017,www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/prometni-kolaps-guzve-zbog-asfaltiranja-avenije-dubrovnik-trajat-ce-do-kraja-kolovoza/4633754/," title="web.archive.org/web/20170729095537www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/prometni-kolaps-guzve-zbog-asfaltiranja-avenije-dubrovnik-trajat-ce-do-kraja-kolovoza/4633754/,">web.archive.org/web/20170729095537www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/zagreb/prometni-kolaps-guzve-zbog-asfaltiranja-avenije-dubrovnik-trajat-ce-do-kraja-kolovoza/4633754/, live, WEB, Zbog radova velike gužve u Novom Zagrebu, Avenija Dubrovnik djelomiÄno zatvorena do srijede,www.vecernji.hr/zagreb/zbog-radova-velike-guzve-u-novom-zagrebu-avenija-dubrovnik-djelomicno-zatvorena-do-srijede-1109543, 20 June 2017, 29 July 2017,web.archive.org/web/20170729132246/https://www.vecernji.hr/zagreb/zbog-radova-velike-guzve-u-novom-zagrebu-avenija-dubrovnik-djelomicno-zatvorena-do-srijede-1109543, live, WEB, 10 projekata koji bi rijeÅ¡ili gradske gužve u Zagrebu – na Äekanju,www.vecernji.hr/zagreb/10-projekata-koji-bi-rijesili-gradske-guzve-na-cekanju-1078136, 20 June 2017, 29 July 2017,web.archive.org/web/20170729093352/https://www.vecernji.hr/zagreb/10-projekata-koji-bi-rijesili-gradske-guzve-na-cekanju-1078136, live, European routes E59, E65 and E70 serve Zagreb.Bridges
Zagreb has seven road traffic bridges across the river Sava, and they all span both the river and the levees, making them all by and large longer than {{cvt|200|m|ft}}. In downstream order, these are:{|class=“wikitable”Public transportation
File:19-06-16-Zagreb-DJI 0183.jpg|thumb|left|upright=1.2|Main Railway Station ]]Public transportation in the city is organized in several layers: the inner parts of the city are mostly covered by trams, the outer city areas, and closer suburbs are linked with buses and rapid transit commuter rail.The public transportation company ZET (ZagrebaÄki elektriÄni tramvaj, Zagreb Electric Tram) operates trams, all inner bus lines, and most of the suburban bus lines, and it is subsidized by the city council.The national rail operator Croatian Railways (Hrvatske željeznice, HŽ) runs a network of urban and suburban train lines in the metropolitan Zagreb area and is a government-owned corporation.The funicular (uspinjaÄa) in the historic part of the city is a tourist attraction.Taxi market has been liberalized in early 2018WEB,vlada.gov.hr/vijesti/ministar-butkovic-novim-zakonom-o-prijevozu-u-cestovnom-prometu-jeftiniji-i-dostupniji-taksi-za-sve-gradjane/23630, Ministar Butković: Novim Zakonom o prijevozu u cestovnom prometu jeftiniji i dostupniji taksi za sve graÄ‘ane, Government of the Republic of Croatia, 20 November 2018, 20 November 2018,web.archive.org/web/20181120140126/https://vlada.gov.hr/vijesti/ministar-butkovic-novim-zakonom-o-prijevozu-u-cestovnom-prometu-jeftiniji-i-dostupniji-taksi-za-sve-gradjane/23630, live, and numerous transport companies have been allowed to enter the market; consequently, the prices significantly dropped whereas the service was immensely improved so the popularity of taxis in Zagreb has been increasing from then onwards.Tram network
{{multiple image| direction = vertical| width1 = 200| image1 = A Crotram TMK 2200 at Glavni Kolodvor.jpg| caption1 = Trams in Zagreb| width2 = 200| image2 = ZG suburban.jpg| caption2 = Zagreb Commuter Rail | image3 = Inside Zagreb airpot july 2017.jpg| width3 = 200Suburban rail network
The commuter rail network in Zagreb has existed since 1992. In 2005, suburban rail services were increased to a 15-minute frequency serving the middle and outer suburbs of Zagreb, primarily in the east–west direction and to the southern districts. This has enhanced the commuting opportunities across the city.WEB,www.24sata.hr/index.php?cmd=show_clanak&tekst_id=73771, Zagreb kupuje 18 vlakova za brži prigradski promet, 1 August 2008, Vojković, Ana Marija, 8 December 2008, hr, 24 sata (Croatia), 24 sata, dead,www.24sata.hr/index.php?cmd=show_clanak&tekst_id=73771," title="web.archive.org/web/20110928005631www.24sata.hr/index.php?cmd=show_clanak&tekst_id=73771,">web.archive.org/web/20110928005631www.24sata.hr/index.php?cmd=show_clanak&tekst_id=73771, 28 September 2011, A new link to the nearby town of Samobor has been announced and is due to start construction in 2014. This link will be standard-gauge and tie in with normal Croatian Railways operations. The previous narrow-gauge line to Samobor called SamoborÄek was closed in the 1970s.JOURNAL,193.198.60.202/komunalni/arhiva/362/str11.pdf, Uskoro SamoborÄek i novi prigradski vlakovi, hr, 28 November 2007, 31 July 2008, ZagrebaÄki Komunalni Vjesnik, 362, 11, 1845-4968, dead,193.198.60.202/komunalni/arhiva/362/str11.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20080910055608193.198.60.202/komunalni/arhiva/362/str11.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20080910055608193.198.60.202/komunalni/arhiva/362/str11.pdf, 10 September 2008,Air traffic
Zagreb Airport {{airport codes|ZAG|LDZA}} is the main Croatian international airport, a {{cvt|17|km|mi}} drive southeast of Zagreb in the city of Velika Gorica. The airport is also the main Croatian airbase featuring a fighter squadron, helicopters, as well as military and freight transport aircraft.WEB,www.zagreb-life.com/travel/travel.php, Franjo TuÄ‘man Airport terminal, 2 July 2006, 28 September 2007,www.zagreb-life.com/travel/travel.php," title="web.archive.org/web/20070928131750www.zagreb-life.com/travel/travel.php,">web.archive.org/web/20070928131750www.zagreb-life.com/travel/travel.php, dead, The airport had 3.45 million passengers in 2019 with a new passenger terminal being opened in late March 2017 that can accommodate up to 5.5 million passengers.Zagreb also has a second, smaller airport, LuÄko {{airport codes|2=LDZL}}. It is home to sports aeroplanes and a Croatian special police unit, as well as being a military helicopter airbase. LuÄko used to be the main airport of Zagreb from 1947 to 1959.WEB,www.zagreb-airport.hr/hr/poslovne_1_3/index.aspx, Zagreb Airport – History, 2 October 2008, hr,www.zagreb-airport.hr/hr/poslovne_1_3/index.aspx," title="web.archive.org/web/20080801145700www.zagreb-airport.hr/hr/poslovne_1_3/index.aspx,">web.archive.org/web/20080801145700www.zagreb-airport.hr/hr/poslovne_1_3/index.aspx, 1 August 2008, dead, A third, small grass airfield, BuÅ¡evec, is located just outside Velika Gorica. It is primarily used for sports purposes.WEB,www.vjesnik.com/Html/1999/10/10/Clanak.asp?r=zag&c=2, Usprkos teÅ¡koćama leti se dalje, 10 October 1999, 31 July 2008, Kosović, Vedran, Vjesnik, hr, dead,www.vjesnik.com/Html/1999/10/10/Clanak.asp?r=zag&c=2," title="web.archive.org/web/20090108075005www.vjesnik.com/Html/1999/10/10/Clanak.asp?r=zag&c=2,">web.archive.org/web/20090108075005www.vjesnik.com/Html/1999/10/10/Clanak.asp?r=zag&c=2, 8 January 2009,Education
Zagreb has 136 primary schools and 100 secondary schools including 30 gymnasia.WEB,public.mzos.hr/Default.aspx?sec=2236, Primary schools, Republic of Croatia, Ministry of science, education and sports, 27 September 2007, dead,public.mzos.hr/Default.aspx?sec=2236," title="web.archive.org/web/20070711194353public.mzos.hr/Default.aspx?sec=2236,">web.archive.org/web/20070711194353public.mzos.hr/Default.aspx?sec=2236, 11 July 2007, WEB,public.mzos.hr/Default.aspx?sec=2252, Secondary schools, Republic of Croatia, Ministry of science, education and sports, 27 September 2007, dead,public.mzos.hr/Default.aspx?sec=2252," title="web.archive.org/web/20071023023302public.mzos.hr/Default.aspx?sec=2252,">web.archive.org/web/20071023023302public.mzos.hr/Default.aspx?sec=2252, 23 October 2007, There are 5 public higher education institution and 9 private professional higher education schools.WEB,public.mzos.hr/Default.aspx?sec=2511, Higher education institutions, Republic of Croatia, Ministry of science, education and sports, 3 September 2007, dead,public.mzos.hr/Default.aspx?sec=2511," title="web.archive.org/web/20070609114433public.mzos.hr/Default.aspx?sec=2511,">web.archive.org/web/20070609114433public.mzos.hr/Default.aspx?sec=2511, 9 June 2007, In Zagreb you will also find 4 International Schools:WEB,www.welcome-center-croatia.copost/international-schools-in-croatia, International Schools in Croatia - All you need to know, www.welcome-center-croatia.com, 4 October 2022, 4 October 2022, https:web.archive.org/web/20221004105613www.welcome-center-croatia.com//post/international-schools-in-croatia, live, {{multiple image| direction = horizontal| width1 = 160| image1 = PMF Å alata Zagreb.jpg| caption1 =Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb| image2 = Croatian_Academy_of_Science_and_Arts.JPG | width2 = 220| caption2 = Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts| width3 = 160| image3 = National and University Library in Zagreb.jpg- American International School of Zagreb (AISZ)
- The Learning Tree International Kindergarten (TLT)
- French School in Zagreb
- The German School in Zagreb.WEB, International Schools in Croatia - All you need to know,www.welcome-center-croatia.coeducation-in-croatia/international-schools-in-croatia, 2022-07-11, www.welcome-center-croatia.com, en, 11 July 2022, https:web.archive.org/web/20220711123508www.welcome-center-croatia.com//education-in-croatia/international-schools-in-croatia, live,
University of Zagreb
{{further|List of universities in Croatia}}Founded in 1669, the University of Zagreb is the oldest continuously operating university in Croatia and one of the largestWEB, About University,www.unizg.hr/homepage/about-university/, 23 July 2017, 7 March 2021,www.unizg.hr/homepage/about-university/," title="web.archive.org/web/20210307224956www.unizg.hr/homepage/about-university/,">web.archive.org/web/20210307224956www.unizg.hr/homepage/about-university/, live, WEB, Croatia: University of Zagreb – KTH,www.kth.se/en/student/program/utlandsstudier/utbyte/kroatien-university-of-zagreb-1.633106, 23 July 2017, 29 July 2017,web.archive.org/web/20170729131613/https://www.kth.se/en/student/program/utlandsstudier/utbyte/kroatien-university-of-zagreb-1.633106, dead, WEB, University of Zagreb – CENTER FOR EUROPEAN EDUCATION,web.lecee.eu/~new_web/index.php?id=66&L=1, 23 July 2017, 29 July 2017,web.lecee.eu/~new_web/index.php?id=66&L=1," title="web.archive.org/web/20170729093640web.lecee.eu/~new_web/index.php?id=66&L=1,">web.archive.org/web/20170729093640web.lecee.eu/~new_web/index.php?id=66&L=1, live, WEB, University of Zagreb, Croatia – Europe Engage,europeengage.org/university-of-zagreb-croatia/, 23 July 2017, 29 July 2017,web.archive.org/web/20170729102002/https://europeengage.org/university-of-zagreb-croatia/, dead, WEB, University of Zagreb – Top Universities,www.topuniversities.com/universities/university-zagreb-2, 23 July 2017, dead,web.archive.org/web/20170729104911/https://www.topuniversities.com/universities/university-zagreb-2, 29 July 2017, WEB, 4th Ensec Conference-Zagreb-Croatia,www.quovadis.hr/ensec2013/index.php?page=venue, 23 July 2017, 5 July 2016,web.archive.org/web/20160705045929/https://www.quovadis.hr/ensec2013/index.php?page=venue, dead, and oldest universities in the Southeastern Europe. Ever since its foundation, the university has been continually growing and developing and now consists of 29 faculties, three art academies and the Croatian Studies Centre. More than 200,000 students have attained the Bachelor’s degree at the university, which has also assigned 18,000 Master’s and 8,000 Doctor’s degrees.WEB,www.zagreb.hr/default.aspx?id=1125, Zagreb in brief, 11 November 2008, City of Zagreb, 9 September 2008,www.zagreb.hr/default.aspx?id=1125," title="web.archive.org/web/20080909131055www.zagreb.hr/default.aspx?id=1125,">web.archive.org/web/20080909131055www.zagreb.hr/default.aspx?id=1125, live, {{As of|2011}}, the University of Zagreb is ranked among 500 Best Universities of the world by the www.shanghairanking.com/ARWU-2011-Press-Release.html" title="web.archive.org/web/20110925025850www.shanghairanking.com/ARWU-2011-Press-Release.html">Shanghai Academic Ranking of World Universities.Zagreb is also the seat of two private universities: the Catholic University of Croatia and the Libertas International University; as well as numerous public and private polytechnics, colleges, and higher professional schools.{{which|date=July 2019}}Notable people
File:Ivan Meštrovic.jpg|thumb|140px|upright|Ivan MeštrovićIvan MeštrovićArtists- Kristina Krepela (born 1979), actress
- Sanja Iveković (born 1949), photographer, performer, sculptor and installation artist
- Jagoda Kaloper (1947–2016), painter and actress
- Igor Kordej (born 1957), comic book artist
- Darko Macan (born 1966), writer and illustrator
- Ivan Meštrović (1983–1962), sculptor, architect, and writer
- Velimir Neidhardt (born 1942), architect
- Vera Nikolić Podrinska (1886–1972), painter and baroness
- Srećko Puntarić (born 1952), cartoonist
- Josip RaÄić (1885–1908), painter
- Esad Ribić (born 1972), comic book artist
- Goran Sudžuka (born 1969), comic book artist
- Marino Tartaglia (1894–1984), painter
- Vladimir Varlaj (1895–1962), artist
- Zdravko Zupan (1950–2015), comic book creator and historian
- Milan Badelj (born 1989), football player
- Josip Brekalo (born 1998), football player
- Marcelo Brozović (born 1992), football player
- Tomislav Butina (born 1974), football player
- Ivan ÄŒunÄić (born 1985), football player
- Joško Gvardiol (born 2002), football player
- Tin Jedvaj (born 1995), football player
- Josip Juranović (born 1995), football player
- Andrej Kramarić (born 1991), football player
- Niko KranjÄar (born 1984), football player
- Jerko Leko (born 1980), football player
- Lovro Majer (born 1998), football player
- Jasmin Mujdža (born 1974), football player
- Mensur Mujdža (born 1984), football player
- Mislav Oršić (born 1992), football player
- Dubravko PavliÄić (1967–2012), football player
- Josip Pivarić (born 1989), football player
- Marko Pjaca (born 1995), football player
- Dario Šimić (born 1975), football player
- Zvonimir Soldo (born 1967), football player
- Bernard Vukas (1927–1983), football player
- Haim Bar-Lev (1924–1994), Israeli general and politician
- Zlatko Baloković, violinist
- Miljenko Matijević, singer and songwriter; the lead vocalist of rock band Steelheart
- Zinka Milanov, operatic spinto soprano
- Vasilije Calasan (born 1981), French racing driver
- Marin ÄŒolak (born 1984), racing driver
- Borna Ćorić (born 1996), tennis player
- Krešimir Ćosić (1948–1995), basketball player
- Danko Cvjetićanin (born 1963), basketball player
- Josip Glasnović (born 1983), sports shooter, Olympic gold medal winner
- Zlatko Horvat (born 1984), handball player
- Filip Hrgović (born 1992), professional boxer
- Ivo Karlović (born 1979), tennis player
- Nenad Kljaić (born 1966), handball player
- Vjekoslav Kobešćak (born 1974), water polo player and coach
- Ivica Kostelić (born 1979), alpine ski racer
- Janica Kostelić (born 1982), alpine ski racer, four-time Olympic gold medalist
- Luka LonÄar (born 1987), water polo player
- Iva Majoli (born 1977), tennis player
- Nikola Mektić (born 1988), tennis player, Olympic gold medal winner
- Mirko Novosel (born 1938), basketball player
- Tomislav Paškvalin (born 1961), water polo player
- Sandra Perković (born 1990), discus thrower, won two gold medals at the Summer Olympics
- Dubravko Å imenc (born 1966), water polo player
- Martin Sinković (born 1989), rower, Olympic gold medal winner
- Valent Sinković (born 1988), rower, Olympic gold medal winner
- Tin Srbić (born 1996), artistic gymnast
- Manuel Å trlek (born 1988), handball player
- Igor Vori (born 1980), handball player
- Vedran Zrnić (born 1979), handball player
- Nika Muhl (born 2001), basketball player
- Mihalj Šilobod Bolšić (1724–1787) - Roman Catholic priest, mathematician, writer, and musical theorist primarily known for writing the first Croatian arithmetic textbook Arithmatika Horvatzka (published in Zagreb, 1758)
- Josip Juraj Strossmayer (1815–1905), politician, Roman Catholic bishop, and benefactor
- Ivan Äikić (born 1966), molecular biologist, director of the Institute of Biochemistry II at Goethe University Frankfurt
- Mario Jurić (born 1979), astronomer
- Vesna Girardi-Jurkić (1944–2012), archeologist and museologist
- Dragutin Gorjanović-Kramberger (1856–1936), geologist, paleontologist, and archeologist
- Milan Kangrga (1923–2008), philosopher
- Radoslav KatiÄić (1930–2019), linguist, classical philologist
- Nada Klaić (1920–1988), historian
- Ivo Kolin (1924–2007), inventor
- Zdravko Lorković (1900–1998), biologist, entomologist and geneticist
- Ranko Matasović (born 1968), linguist
- Ivo Pilar (1874–1933), historian, politician, publicist and lawyer
- Martin Previšić (born 1984), historian
- Vesna Pusić (born 1953), sociologist and politician
- Marin SoljaÄić (born 1974), physicist and electrical engineer
- Rudi Supek (1913–1993), sociologist and philosopher
- Goran Švob (1947–2013), philosopher and logician
- Josip Torbar (1824–1900), natural scientist
- Hrvoje Turković (born 1943), film theorist
- Ljudevit Vukotinović (1813–1893), politician, writer and naturalist
- Milena Žic-Fuchs (born 1954), linguist
- TituÅ¡ BrezovaÄki (1757–1805), playwright, satirist and poet
- August Cesarec (1893–1941), writer
- Bora Ćosić (born 1932), writer
- Dimitrija Demeter (1811–1872), writer
- Daša Drndić (1946–2018), writer
- Zoran Ferić (born 1961), writer
- Branko Gavella (1885–1962), theater director and essayist
- Miroslav Krleža (1893–1981), writer, considered the greatest Croatian writer of the 20th century
- Antun Mihanović (1796–1861), poet and lyricist, wrote the national anthem of Croatia
- August Šenoa (1838–1881), novelist
- SunÄana Å krinjarić (1931–2004), writer, poet and journalist
- Davor Slamnig (born 1956), writer and musician
- Slobodan Å najder (born 1948), writer and publicist
Notes
{{notelist}}References
{{reflist}}Sources
- BOOK, Cresswell, Peterjon, Atkins, Ismay, Dunn, Lily, Time Out Croatia,books.google.com/books?id=VZweAAAACAAJ, 10 July 2006, Time Out Group Ltd & Ebury Publishing, Random House, Random House Ltd. 20 Vauxhall Bridge Road, London SV1V 2SA, First, London, Berkeley & Toronto, 978-1-904978-70-1,
External links
{{Sister project links|Zagreb|voy=Zagreb}}- Zagreb – Official website {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160725205155www.zagreb.hr/default.aspx?id=1979 |date=25 July 2016 }}
- Zagreb Tourist Board
- Zagreb Fair
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