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institute of technology#Finland - Ammattikorkeakoulu - Yrkeshögskola
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{{Short description|Type of institution offering tertiary education}}{{redirect-distinguish|Technology school|Technical school}}An institute of technology (also referred to as: technological university, technical university, university of technology, technological educational institute, technical college, polytechnic university, polytechnic school, or just polytechnic) is an institution of tertiary education (such as a university or college) that specializes in engineering, technology, applied science, and natural sciences.- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
- it has been imported raw for GetWiki
Institutes of technology versus polytechnics
The institutes of technology and polytechnics have been in existence since at least the 18th century, but became popular after World War II with the expansion of engineering and applied science education, associated with the new needs created by industrialization. The world's first institution of technology, the Berg-Schola (today its legal successor is the University of MiskolcWEB,weblink Misckolc and the University, Miskolci Egyetem (University of Miskolci), 29 October 2017, {{failed verification|date=October 2017}}), was founded by the Court Chamber of Vienna in Selmecbánya, Kingdom of Hungary (now Banská Å tiavnica, Slovakia), in 1735 in order to train specialists of precious metal and copper mining according to the requirements of the industrial revolution in Hungary. The oldest German Institute of Technology is the Braunschweig University of Technology, founded in 1745 as "Collegium Carolinum". The French Ãcole Polytechnique was founded in 1794. In some cases, polytechnics or institutes of technology are engineering schools or technical colleges.In several countries, like Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Turkey and Taiwan, institutes of technology are institutions of higher education and have been accredited to award academic degrees and doctorates. Famous examples are the Istanbul Technical University, ETH Zurich, Delft University of Technology, RWTH Aachen and National Taiwan University of Science and Technology all considered universities.In countries like Iran, Finland, Malaysia, Portugal, Singapore or the United Kingdom, there is often a significant and confused distinction between polytechnics and universities. In the UK, a binary system of higher education emerged consisting of universities (research orientation) and polytechnics (engineering and applied science and professional practice orientation). Polytechnics offered university equivalent degrees mainly in STEM subjects from bachelor's, master's and PhD that were validated and governed at the national level by the independent UK Council for National Academic Awards. In 1992, UK polytechnics were designated as universities which meant they could award their own degrees. The CNAA was disbanded. The UK's first polytechnic, the Royal Polytechnic Institution (now the University of Westminster), was founded in 1838 in Regent Street, London. In Ireland the term "institute of technology" is the more favored synonym of a "regional technical college" though the latter is the legally correct term; however, Dublin Institute of Technology was a university in all but name as it can confer degrees in accordance with law; Cork Institute of Technology{{citation | url =weblink | title = Report of the Delegated Authority Evaluation Group on the Cork Institute of Technology | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080912200434weblink | archive-date=September 12, 2008 | date = June 2005 | author = Evaluation Group for the Delegation of Authority to Make Awards | publisher = Higher Education and Training Awards Council}} and other Institutes of Technology have delegated authority from HETAC to make awards to and including master's degree levelâLevel 9 of the Republic of Ireland's National Framework for Qualifications (NFQ)âfor all areas of study and Doctorate level in a number of others. In 2018, Ireland passed the Technological Universities Act, which allowed a number of Institutes of Technology to transform into Technological Universities.WEB, Book (eISB), electronic Irish Statute, electronic Irish Statute Book (eISB),weblink 2023-05-06, www.irishstatutebook.ie, en, In a number of countries, although being today generally considered similar institutions of higher learning across many countries, polytechnics and institutes of technology used to have a quite different statute among each other, its teaching competences and organizational history. In many cases, "polytechnic" were elite technological universities concentrating on applied science and engineering and may also be a former designation for a vocational institution, before it has been granted the exclusive right to award academic degrees and can be truly called an "institute of technology". A number of polytechnics providing higher education is simply a result of a formal upgrading from their original and historical role as intermediate technical education schools. In some situations, former polytechnics or other non-university institutions have emerged solely through an administrative change of statutes, which often included a name change with the introduction of new designations like "institute of technology", "polytechnic university", "university of applied sciences" or "university of technology" for marketing purposes.NEWS,weblink
, Status of Polytechnic still pending
, Desie
, Heita
, Namibia Economist
, 14 January 2005
, dead
,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20110928033247weblink">weblink
, 28 September 2011
, NEWS,weblinkweblink" title="archive.today/20060919140420weblink">weblink dead, 2006-09-19, Name change on the cards for APU, 2006, Anglia Ruskin University, United Kingdom, 15 June 2006, Such emergence of so many upgraded polytechnics, former vocational education and technical schools converted into more university-like institutions has caused concern where the lack of specialized intermediate technical professionals lead to industrial skill shortages in some fields, being also associated to an increase of the graduate unemployment rate. This is mostly the case in those countries, where the education system is not controlled by the state and any institution can grant degrees.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}} Evidence have also shown a decline in the general quality of teaching and graduate's preparation for the workplace, due to the fast-paced conversion of that technical institutions to more advanced higher level institutions.JOURNAL,weblink Producing New Workers: quality, equality and employability in higher education, Quality in Higher Education, 7, 2, 2001, Louise, Morley, 131â138, 10.1080/13538320120060024, 54863354, 15 June 2006,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20060112084034weblink">weblink January 12, 2006, {{citation |url =weblink | title = First destination graduate employment as key performance indicator: outcomes assessment perspectives | first = Johan | last = Bruwer | publisher = Unit for Institutional Planning and Research, Cape Technikon, South Africa | date = November 1998 | access-date = 15 June 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060821140056weblink |archive-date=August 21, 2006 }} Mentz, Kotze and Van der Merwe argue that all the tools are in place to promote the debate on the place of technology in higher education in general and in universities of technology specifically and they posit several questions for the debate.JOURNAL, Mentz, J., Kotzé, P., Van der Merwe, A., Searching for the Technology in University of Technology, South African Computer Journal, 42, December 2008, 29â37, , Status of Polytechnic still pending
, Desie
, Heita
, Namibia Economist
, 14 January 2005
, dead
,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20110928033247weblink">weblink
, 28 September 2011
Institutes by country
{{See also|Category:Higher education by country}}Argentina
{{See also|Education in Argentina|List of universities in Argentina}}In the so-called Latin American docta the main higher institution advocates to the study of technology is the National Technological University which has brand ramifications through all the country geographic space in the way of Regional Faculties. The Buenos Aires Institute of Technology (ITBA) is other important recognized institute of technology with renowned and prestige in the country.Australia
{{See also|Education in Australia|Technical and Further Education|College of Advanced Education|Category:Australian tertiary institutions}}- 1970sâ1990s
- 1990sâtoday
- Curtin University, Western Australia
- Queensland University of Technology, Queensland
- Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Victoria
- Swinburne University of Technology, Victoria
- University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory
- University of South Australia, South Australia
- University of Technology, Sydney, New South Wales
Austria
- Universities of technology
- Graz University of Technology (13,454 students, founded 1811, Hochschule since 1865, doctoral degrees since 1901, university since 1975)
- TU Wien (27,923 students, founded 1815, Hochschule since 1872, doctoral degrees since 1901, university since 1975)
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna focused on agriculture (12,500 students, founded as Hochschule in 1872, doctoral degrees since 1906, university since 1975)
- University of Leoben specialized in mining, metallurgy and materials (4,030 students, founded 1840, Hochschule since 1904, doctoral degrees since 1906, university since 1975)
- Research institutions
- Austrian Institute of Technology (founded 1956)
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (founded 2007)
- Technical faculties at universities
- Johannes Kepler University Linz (Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences founded 1965, university since 1975)
- University of Innsbruck (Faculty of Civil Engineering founded 1969)
- Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt (Faculty of Technical Sciences founded 2007)
- Fachhochschulen
Bangladesh
There are some public engineering universities in Bangladesh:- Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET)
- Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology (CUET). Formerly known as Bangladesh Institute of Technology, Chittagong.
- Khulna University of Engineering and Technology (KUET). Formerly known as Bangladesh Institute of Technology, Khulna
- Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology (RUET). Formerly known as Bangladesh Institute of Technology, Rajshahi.
- Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology (DUET). Formerly known as Bangladesh Institute of Technology, Dhaka.
- University of Chittagong. Engineering programs offer under the Faculty of Engineering and Technology.
- University of Dhaka. Engineering programs offer under the Faculty of Engineering and Technology.
- University of Khulna. Engineering programs offer under the Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology.
- University of Rajshahi. Engineering programs offer under the Faculty of Engineering and Technology.
- Islamic University, Bangladesh (IU). Engineering programs offer under the Faculty of Applied Science and Technology.
- Shahjalal University of Science and Technology. Engineering programs offer under the Faculty of Applied Science and Technology.
- Bangladesh University of Textiles (BUTEX). Specialized institution that offers various engineering programs with its interdisciplinary curricula.
- Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology (AUST)
- Military Institute of Science and Technology (MIST)
- American International University-Bangladesh
- Bangladesh University of Business and Technology. Engineering programs offer under the Faculty of Engineering and Technology.
- North South University
- International Islamic University Chittagong
- East West University
- BRAC University
- Independent University, Bangladesh
- European University of Bangladesh
- Bangladesh Institute of Glass and Ceramics
- Dhaka Polytechnic Institute
- Chittagong Polytechnic Institute
- Bangladesh Survey Institute
- Govt. Arts Graphics Institute
- Bangladesh Institute of Marine Technology
- Mymensingh Engineering College
- Narayangonj Technical School and College
Belarus
- Belarusian National Technical University (BNTU) (Minsk, Belarus)
- Belarusian State Technological University (Minsk, Belarus)
- Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics (Minsk, Belarus)
- Brest State Technical University (Brest, Belarus)
- Pavel Sukhoi State Technical University of Gomel (Gomel, Belarus)
- Vitebsk State Technological University (Vitebsk, Belarus)
Belgium and the Netherlands
In the Netherlands, there are four technical universities, jointly known as 4TU:- Delft University of Technology (TU Delft)
- Eindhoven University of Technology (TU Eindhoven)
- Universiteit Twente (U Twente)
- Wageningen University (Wageningen U)
Brazil
Federal:- Federal Centers for Technological Education (CEFET)
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFET)
- Federal Technological University of Paraná
Bulgaria
File:Lab4 students1 65b 1000.jpg|thumb|Students at the Technical University of Sofia, BulgariaBulgaria- Technical University of Gabrovo
- Technical University of Sofia
- Technical University of Varna
- University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy
Cambodia
In Cambodia, there are institutes of technology/polytechnic institutes and Universities that offer instruction in a variety of programs that can lead to: certificates, diplomas and degrees. Institutes of technology/polytechnic institutes and universities tend to be independent institutions.- Institutes of technology/polytechnic institutes
- Institute of Technology of Cambodia (ITC) or (:fr:Institut de technologie du Cambodge|Institut de Technologie du Cambodge) (polytechnic institute in Phnom Penh, Cambodia)
- Phnom Penh Institute of Technology (PPIT) (polytechnic institute in Phnom Penh, Cambodia)
- Universities
- Royal University of Phnom Penh (RUPP) or Royal Université de Phnom Penh (polytechnic university in Phnom Penh, Cambodia)
Canada
In Canada, there are affiliate schools, colleges, and institutes of technology/polytechnic institutes that offer instruction in a variety of programs that can lead to the bestowment of apprenticeships, citations, certificates, diplomas, and associate's degrees upon successful completion. Affiliate schools are polytechnic divisions attached to a national university and offer select technical and engineering transfer programs. Colleges, institutes of technology/polytechnic institutes, and universities tend to be independent institutions.Credentials are typically conferred at the undergraduate level; however, university-affiliated schools like the Ãcole de technologie supérieure and the Ãcole Polytechnique de Montréal (both of which are located in Quebec), also offer graduate and postgraduate programs, in accordance with provincial higher education guidelines. Canadian higher education institutions, at all levels, undertake directed and applied research with financing allocated through public funding, private equity, or industry sources.Some of Canada's most well-known colleges and polytechnic institutions also partake in collaborative institute-industry projects, leading to technology commercialization, made possible through the scope of Polytechnics Canada, a national alliance of eleven leading research-intensive colleges and institutes of technology.- Affiliate schools
- Ãcole de technologie supérieure (ETS) (technical school part of the Université du Québec system in Montreal, Quebec)
- Ãcole Polytechnique de Montréal (polytechnic school affiliated with the Université de Montréal in Montreal, Quebec)
- Colleges
- Algonquin College (Ottawa, Ontario)
- Conestoga College (Kitchener, Ontario)
- George Brown College (Toronto, Ontario)
- Humber College (Toronto)
- Red River College (college in Winnipeg, Manitoba, offering degrees)
- Seneca Polytechnic (Toronto)
- St. Clair College (Windsor)
- Institutes of technology/polytechnic institutes
- British Columbia Institute of Technology (BCIT; polytechnic institute in Burnaby, British Columbia)
- Kwantlen Polytechnic University (polytechnic university in Surrey, British Columbia)
- Northern Alberta Institute of Technology (NAIT; polytechnic institute in Edmonton, Alberta)
- Toronto Metropolitan University (formerly Ryerson Polytechnical Institute, university in Toronto, Ontario) â The former Ryerson University was one of the originators of applied education in Ontario and Canada. It dropped the term "polytechnic" in 1993 when it was able to grant master's and doctoral degrees, using the term "university" instead and changed the name of some degree designations to bring it in line with other traditional research universities.
- Saskatchewan Polytechnic, formerly SIAST (polytechnic institute; multiple campuses with headquarters in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan)
- Sheridan College (polytechnic institute in Oakville, Ontario)
- Southern Alberta Institute of Technology (SAIT; polytechnic institute in Calgary, Alberta)
- Red Deer Polytechnic (RDP; polytechnic institute in Red Deer, Alberta)
- University of Ontario Institute of Technology (UOIT; university in Oshawa, Ontario)
China
{{Category see also|Universities and colleges in China}}China's modern higher education began in 1895 with the Imperial Tientsin University which was a polytechnic plus a law department. Liberal arts were not offered until three years later at Capital University. To this day, about half of China's elite universities remain essentially polytechnical. Harbin Institute of Technology is among the best engineering school in China and the world.WEB, Harbin Institute of Technology {{!, Academic Ranking of World Universities - 2020 {{!}} Shanghai Ranking - 2020|url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/World-University-Rankings/Harbin-Institute-of-Technology.html|access-date=2020-09-21|website=www.shanghairanking.com|archive-date=2015-09-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150918192505weblink|url-status=dead}}WEB, Harbin-institute-of-technology_Best Global Universities Ranking,weblink bot: unknown,weblink 1 September 2020, US News Best Global Universities Rankings, 21 September 2020, WEB, ShanghaiRanking's Global Ranking of Academic Subjects 2020 - Mechanical Engineering {{!, Shanghai Ranking - 2020|url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/Shanghairanking-Subject-Rankings/mechanical-engineering.html|access-date=2020-09-21|website=www.shanghairanking.com|archive-date=2017-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701105846weblink|url-status=dead}}Chile
- Federico Santa MarÃa Technical University (UTFSM), currently the only active technical university / Institute of technology in Chile, founded initially in 1931 as School of Crafts and Arts and School of Engineering José Miguel Carrera, 18,000 students
Costa Rica
- The National Technical University (UTN) founded in 2008 by merging several trade and craftsmanship schools, it is a polytechnic.
- The Costa Rica Institute of Technology (TEC) was founded in 1971, has its main campus located in the Cartago province, it is an institute of technology.
Croatia
In Croatia there are many polytechnic institutes and colleges that offer a polytechnic education. The law about polytechnic education in Croatia was passed in 1997.Czech Republic
{{Category see also|Universities in the Czech Republic}}- Technical universities
- Brno University of Technology (VUT), founded in 1899, 24,000 students
- Collegium Nobilium in Olomouc, 1725â1847
- Czech Technical University in Prague (ÄVUT), college founded in 1707, university since 1806, 23,000 students, belongs to the oldest technical universities in the world
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (ÄZU), founded in 1904, focused on agriculture, 18,000 students
- Institute of Chemical Technology in Prague (VÅ CHT), founded in 1952, 3,000 student
- Mendel University in Brno (MENDELU), founded in 1919, focused on agriculture, 9,000 students
- Technical University of Liberec (TUL), founded in 1953, 8,000 students
- Technical University of Ostrava (VÅ B TUO), founded in 1849, 22,000 students
- Tomáš BaÅ¥a University in ZlÃn (UTB), founded in 2000, 10,000 students
- Research institutions
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (AV ÄR), dates back to 1784, 14,000 research staff altogether
- Technical faculties at universities
- Jan Evangelista PurkynÄ University in Ãstà nad Labem (Faculty of Production Technology and Management, University founded in 1991)
- University of Pardubice (Faculty of Chemical Technology since 1950, Jan Perner Faculty of Transportation since 1991, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Informatics since 2002)
- University of West Bohemia (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering; University founded in 1991)
Denmark
- Technical University of Denmark, founded in 1829 by Hans Christian Ãrsted
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
- National Polytechnic School (EPN), National Polytechnic School, Quito, Ecuador
Egypt
- Alexandria Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology (AIET)
- Higher Technological Institute
- Institute of Aviation Engineering and Technology
Estonia
- Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech), a public research university
- Tallinn University of Applied Sciences, a public vocational university
- Estonian Entrepreneurship University of Applied Sciences, a private institution in Tallinn
Finland
- Universities of technology
- Aalto University formed from Helsinki University of Technology and other universities
- Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT
- Polytechnics
- Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences
- Lapland University of Applied Sciences
- Tampere University of Applied Sciences
- Turku University of Applied Sciences
{{anchor|France}}France and Francophone regions
- Instituts de technologie (grandes écoles)
- Arts et Métiers ParisTech
- Centrale Graduate School
- Grenoble Institute of Technology
- Institut national des sciences appliquées
- Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace
- Paris Institute of Technology
- ESTIA Institute of Technology
- Universités technologiques / instituts universitaires de technologie / polytechs
- The University of Technology of Belfort-Montbéliard (Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbéliard or UTBM)
- The University of Technology of Compiègne (Université de Technologie de Compiègne or UTC)
- The University of Technology of Troyes (Université de Technologie de Troyes or UTT)
- Ãcoles polytechniques
- Ãcole polytechnique or X (near Paris)
- Ãcole polytechnique de Bruxelles
- Ãcole polytechnique de Montréal
- Ãcole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne
- National Polytechnic Institute of Lorraine
- National Polytechnic Institute of Toulouse
Germany
- Fachhochschule
were first founded in the early 1970s. They do not focus exclusively on technology, but may also offer courses in social science, medicine, business and design. They grant bachelor's degrees and master's degrees and focus more on teaching than research and more on specific professions than on science.
In 2009/10, there existed about 200 in Germany.WEB,weblink templateId=renderPrint.psml#Fussnote1, Startseite - Statistisches Bundesamt (Destatis), destatis.de, See the (:de:Liste der Fachhochschulen in Deutschland|German Wikipedia) for a list.
- Technische Universität
RWTH Aachen University > | border | North Rhine-Westphalia> | | member of TU9 |
Berlin Institute of Technology > | border | Berlin> | | member of TU9 |
Brandenburg University of Technology > | border | Brandenburg> | | in Cottbus |
Technische Universität Braunschweig (Braunschweig University of Technology) Carolo-Wilhelmina > | border | Lower Saxony> | | member of TU9, oldest TU in Germany |
Chemnitz University of Technology > | border | Saxony> | | |
Clausthal University of Technology > | border | Lower Saxony> | | |
Technische Universität Darmstadt (Darmstadt University of Technology) > | border | Hesse> | | member of TU9 |
Technische Universität Dresden (Dresden University of Technology) > | border | Saxony> | | member of TU9 |
Technical University of Dortmund (TU Dortmund University) > | border | North Rhine-Westphalia> | | |
Freiberg University of Mining and Technology > | border | Saxony> | | the world's oldest university of mining |
Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg>Technische Universität Hamburg (University of Technology Hamburg) | (File:Flag of Hamburg.svg | 20px) Hamburg | 1978 | 7,600 |
HafenCity University Hamburg) > | border | Hamburg> | | |
Leibniz University Hannover > | border | Lower Saxony> | | member of TU9 |
Technische Universität Ilmenau > | border | Thuringia> | | |
University of Kaiserslautern-Landau>Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau | (File:Flag of Rhineland-Palatinate.svg | 20px) Rhineland-Palatinate | 1970 | 20,000 |
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Fridericiana > | border | Baden-Württemberg> | | member of TU9 |
Technische Universität München > | border | Bavaria> | | member of TU9 |
University of Stuttgart > | border | Baden-Württemberg> | | member of TU9 |
border|20x20px) Saxony-Anhalt|1993|12,833| |
border|20px) Bavaria|2021|8|under construction |
Greece
Greece has Technical Universities (also known as Polytechnic Universities) with 5 years of study legally equivalent to Bachelor's and master's degree 300 ECTS, ISCED 7 and has the full professional rights of the Engineer. and had Technological Educational Institutes (TEIs) (1982â2019) also known as Higher Educational Institute of Technology, Technological Institute, Institute of Technology (provides at least 4-year undergraduate degree qualification ÏÏÏ Ïίο, Latinised version: Ptychion, in line with the Bologna Process legally equivalent to Bachelor's honours degree 240 ECTS, ISCED 6. Previously it was three and a half years studies from 1983 to 1995, 210 ECTS). All the Technical Universities and Technological Educational Institutes are Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) with university title (UT) and degree awarding powers (DAPs). TEIs existed from 1983 to 2019; they were reformed between 2013 and 2019 and their departments incorporated into existing higher education institutions (HEIs).The two Polytechnic Universities (Technical Universities) in Greece (Greek: Î Î¿Î»Ï ÏεÏνείο) are the National Technical University of Athens and the Technical University of Crete.WEB,weblink Τα Î Î¿Î»Ï ÏεÏνεία και οι ÏÎ¿Î»Ï ÏεÏνικÎÏ ÏÏολÎÏ, However, many other universities have a faculty of engineering that provides an equivalent diploma of engineerings with an integrated master and the full professional rights as well.Many TEIs that got dismantled created engineering faculty with 5 years of study and 300 ECTS, ISCED 6. But those faculty are not under the general term of Polytechnics nor they have an integrated master's degree yet waiting evaluationWEB,weblink Îεκινάει η διαδικαÏία ιÏοÏίμηÏÎ·Ï ÏÏν ΣÏολÏν ÎηÏανικÏν με ÏÎ¹Ï Î±Î½ÏίÏÏοιÏÎµÏ ÏÎ¿Î»Ï ÏεÏνικÎÏ, Greek, www.foititikanea.gr/, 2021-04-20, to be characterised as equivalent. These have been named School of Engineers for the time being and not Technical Universities or Polytechnic.WEB,weblink Τι ÏÏ Î¼Î²Î±Î¯Î½ÎµÎ¹ με Ïα TμήμαÏα ÎηÏανικÏν, In Greece, all Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are public university owned and government-funded, with free education undergraduate programmes that can be attended without any payment of tuition fee. About 1 out of 4 (one-fourth of) HEIs postgraduate programmes are offered free without any payment of tuition fee, especially about a 30% percentage of students can be entitled without tuition fee to attend all the HEIs statutory tuition fee postgraduate programmes after they be assessed on an individual basis of determined criteria as set out in the Ministry of Education.Hong Kong
{{See also|Education in Hong Kong|List of universities in Hong Kong}}The first polytechnic in Hong Kong is The Hong Kong Polytechnic, established in 1972 through upgrading the Hong Kong Technical College (Government Trade School before 1947). The second polytechnic, the City Polytechnic of Hong Kong, was founded in 1984. These polytechnics awards diplomas, higher diplomas, as well as academic degrees. Like the United Kingdom, the two polytechnics were granted university status in 1994 and renamed The Hong Kong Polytechnic University and the City University of Hong Kong respectively. The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, a university with a focus in applied science, engineering and business, was founded in 1991.Hungary
The world's firstHistorický Äasopis, 50, 3, 2002, pp. 483â494, Bratislava.WEB,weblink Mining maps and plans of the Main Chamber - Count Office in Banská Å tiavnica, UNESCO, 2014-01-28, Institute of Technology the Berg-Schola (Bergschule) established in Selmecbánya, Kingdom of Hungary, by the Court Chamber of Vienna in 1735 providing Further education to train specialists of precious metal and copper mining. In 1762 the institute ranked up to be AcademiaAcademica Montanistica WEB,weblink K.k. Bergakademie, 2014-01-28, dead,weblink" title="archive.today/20130802194609weblink">weblink 2013-08-02, KAMENICKÃ, M.: Samuel Mikovini and Mining Academy in Banská Å tiavnica. providing Higher Education courses. After the Treaty of Trianon the institute had to be moved to Sopron.WEB,weblink Miskolc and the University, hu, Oldwww.uni-miskolc.hu, 1949-09-18, 2014-01-28, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120301055508weblink">weblink 2012-03-01,- University of Miskolc re-established in 1949 as Technical University of Heavy Industry in Miskolc and in 1990 as University of Miskolc. The university is the successor of the University of Mining and Metallurgy of Selmecbánya (est. as Bergshule 1735).History of University of Miskolc WEB,weblink Miskolc and the University, 2014-01-28, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120301055508weblink">weblink 2012-03-01, WEB,weblink SEFI and IGIP Joint Annual Conference, Sefi-igip2007.com, 2014-01-28, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20131207033709weblink">weblink December 7, 2013, WEB, Somosi Viktor,weblink k.k. Bergschule, hu, Uni-miskolc.hu, 2014-01-28, WEB, Somosi Viktor,weblink k.k. Bergakademie, hu, Oldwww.uni-miskolc.hu, 2014-01-28, dead,weblink" title="archive.today/20130802194609weblink">weblink 2013-08-02,
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics, one of the oldest institute of technology of the world is located in Budapest (est. 1782). The BME was the first University in Europe to award engineering degrees.WEB,weblink Brief History â Budapest University of Technology and Economics, en, 2016-09-27,
- University of Debrecen â Faculty of Engineering
- University of Dunaújváros
- Pallasz Athéné University â GAMF
- University of NyÃregyháza â Institute of Technical and Agricultural Sciences
- University of Sopron
- University of Szeged â Faculty of Engineering
- Szent István University
- Széchenyi István University
- University of Pannonia
- University of Pécs â Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
- Ãbuda University
India
There are Indian Institutes of Technology, Indian Institutes of Information Technology, and National Institutes of Technology in India which are autonomous public institutions. These institutions are Institutes of National Importance, and hence each of the institutions are autonomous. All Indian Institutes of Technology, Indian Institutes of Information Technology, and National Institutes of Technology have their own councils which are headed by President of India. The activities of these institutions are generally governed by the institutes alone, but sometimes they are bound to follow the directives of Ministry of Education (India) and are answerable to Ministry of Education (India) and President of India. Some departments of some of these institutions are bound to follow certain guidelines of National Board of Accreditation (NBA) if they receive the accreditation from NBA. However, unlike other institutions, it is not mandatory for these institutes to follow guidelines of All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) and NBA completely.The authority controlling technical education, other than the Institutes of National Importance, in India is All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) and National Board of Accreditation (NBA).WEB, About National Institutes of Technology {{!, Council of NITs|url=http://nitcouncil.org.in/index.php/site/console/siteAboutNit|access-date=2020-11-15|website=nitcouncil.org.in}}WEB, About IIT {{!, www.iitsystem.ac.in|url=https://www.iitsystem.ac.in/?q=aboutiit/view|access-date=2020-11-15|website=www.iitsystem.ac.in}}Indonesia
There are four public institutes of technology in Indonesia that are owned by the government of Indonesia. Other than that, there are hundreds of other institutes that are owned by private or other institutions.Four public institutes are:- Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung
- Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Surabaya
- Kalimantan Institute of Technology, Balikpapan
- Sumatera Institute of Technology, Bandar Lampung
Iran
There are 18 technological universities in Iran.- Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran
- Sharif University of Technology, Tehran
- Technical and Vocational University, 172 branches in Iran
- Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran
- K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran
- Petroleum University of Technology, Tehran and Ahwaz
- Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan
- Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz
- Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz
- Arak University of Technology, Arak
- Urmia University of Technology, Urmia
- Babol University of Technology, Babol
- Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood
- Hamedan University of Technology, Hamedan
- Kermanshah University of Technology, Kermanshah
- Qom University of Technology, Qom
- Birjand University of Technology, Birjand
- Jondi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful
- Sirjan University of Technology, Sirjan
Iraq
{{See also|List of Iraqi technical colleges and institutes}}Ireland
{{see |Institutes of technology in Ireland|Technological Universities in Ireland}}An "Institute of Technology" was formerly referred to as Regional Technical College (RTCs) system. The abbreviation IT is now widely used to refer to an Institute of Technology. These institutions offer sub-degree, degree and masters level studies. Unlike the Irish university system an Institute of Technology also offers sub-degree programmes such as 2-year Higher Certificate programme in various academic fields of study. Some institutions have "delegated authority" that allows them to make doctoral awards in their own name, after authorisation by the Quality and Qualifications Ireland.Dublin Institute of Technology developed separately from the Regional Technical College system and after several decades of association with the University of Dublin it acquired the authority to confer its own degrees before becoming a member ofTU Dublin.The approval of Ireland's first Technological University, TU Dublin was announced in July 2018WEB, facebook.com, Dublin Institute of Technology,weblink Announcement by An Taoiseach, 17 July 2018, 17 July 2018, WEB, Application for designation as Ireland's first Technological University has been successful!,weblinkweblink 2022-02-26, limited, Dublin Institute of Technology, facebook.com, 17 July 2018, 17 July 2018, {{cbignore}} and the new university established on 01 January 2019.WEB, Technological University Dublin,weblink 2023-05-06, Higher Education Authority, en, It is the result of a merger of three of the ITs in the County Dublin area - Dublin Institute of Technology, IT Tallaght and IT Blanchardstown. Several Technological Universities have since been set up in the country. Munster TU was established 01 January 2021 through a merger of Cork IT and IT Tralee (Kerry).WEB, Munster Technological University,weblink 2023-05-06, Higher Education Authority, en, The (Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest) was the third such university, established in October 2021 out of Limerick IT and Athlone IT.WEB, Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest,weblink 2023-05-06, Higher Education Authority, en, The Atlantic Technological University was formally established on 01 April 2022 out of Galway-Mayo IT, IT Sligo, and Letterkenny IT.WEB, Atlantic Technological University,weblink 2023-05-06, Higher Education Authority, en, As a fifth such institution, the South East Technological University was established on 01 May 2022 out of Carlow IT and Waterford IT.WEB, South East Technological University,weblink 2023-05-06, Higher Education Authority, en, As of May 2023, the only remaining Institutes of Technology in Ireland are Dundalk IT and the Dun Laoghaire Institute of Art, Design and Technology.WEB, List of publicly-funded higher education institutions (universities and colleges),weblink 2023-05-06, www.gov.ie, August 2019, en, The Technological Higher Education Association is the representative body for the various Institutes of Technology in Ireland.WEB, THEA - The Technological Higher Education Association,weblinkIsrael
- Technion â Israel Institute of Technology, ranked 38 in the world in 2010.
Italy
{{See also|Istituto tecnico}}In Italy, the term "technical institute" generally refers to a secondary school which offers a five-year course granting the access to the university system.WEB,weblink TECNICO - Dizionario Italiano online Hoepli - Parola, significato e traduzione, dizionari.hoepli.it/, In higher education, Politecnico refers to a technical university awarding bachelor, master and PhD degrees in engineering. Historically there were two Politecnici, one in each of the two largest industrial cities of the north:- Politecnico di Torino, established 1859;
- Politecnico di Milano, established 1863.
- Politecnico di Bari, established 1990.
Jamaica
- University of Technology, Jamaica, in Kingston, Jamaica
Japan
{{See also|Technical education in Japan|Colleges of technology in Japan}}In Japan, an {{nihongo|institute of technology|å·¥æ¥å¤§å¦|kÅgyÅ daigaku}} is a type of university that specializes in the sciences. See also the Imperial College of Engineering, which was the forerunner of the University of Tokyo's engineering faculty.- National
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, 1929
- Kyoto Institute of Technology, 1949
- Muroran Institute of Technology, 1949
- Nagoya Institute of Technology, 1949
- Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1949
- University of Electro-Communications, 1949
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 1949
- Kitami Institute of Technology, 1966
- Nagaoka University of Technology, 1976
- Japan Advanced Institute of Science And Technology, 1986
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 2006
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 2011
- Public
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Technology, 1986
- Maebashi Institute of Technology, 1997
- Kochi University of Technology, 1997
- Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology, 2006
- Private
- Chiba Institute of Technology, 1942
- Osaka Institute of Technology, 1949
- Shibaura Institute of Technology, 1949
- Tokyo Polytechnic University, 1950
- Kobe Institute of Computing, 1958
- Aichi Institute of Technology, 1959
- Hiroshima Institute of Technology, 1963
- Fukuoka Institute of Technology, 1963
- Shonan Institute of Technology, 1963
- Tohoku Institute of Technology, 1964
- Kanazawa Institute of Technology, 1965
- Fukui University of Technology, 1965
- Nippon Institute of Technology, 1967
- Hokkaido Institute of Technology, 1967
- Ashikaga Institute of Technology, 1967
- Hachinohe Technical University, 1972
- Kanagawa Institute of Technology, 1975
- Toyohashi University of Technology, 1976
- Saitama Institute of Technology, 1976
- Tokyo University of Technology, 1986
- Kobe Design University, 1989
- Tohoku University of Art and Design, 1991
- Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology, 1991
- Niigata Institute of Technology, 1995
- Aichi University of Technology, 2000
Kenya
In Kenya, Technical Universities are special Universities that focus on technical and engineering courses and offer certifications in the same from Artisan, Craft, Diploma, Higher Diploma, Degree, Masters and Doctorate levels. They are former national polytechnics and are the only institutions of learning that offer the complete spectrum of tertiary education programs.They Include- Technical University of Kenya, Formerly Kenya National Polytechnic in Nairobi
- Technical University of Mombasa, Formerly Mombasa National Polytechnic in Mombasa
Jordan
- Princess Sumaya University for Technology in Amman
- Jordan University of Science and Technology in Irbid
- Balqa Applied University in Salt
- Tafila Technical University in Tafila
Macau
{{See also|Education in Macau|List of universities and colleges in Macau}}The first polytechnic in Macau is the Polytechnic Institute of the University of East Asia which was established in 1981, as an institute of a private university. In 1991, following the splitting of the University of East Asia into three (University of Macau, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Asia International Open University), a public and independent Polytechnic Institute, Macao Polytechnic Institute, was officially established. The first private technology university Macau University of Science and Technology is established in 2000. Macao Polytechnic Institute has renamed Macao Polytechnic University in 2022.Malaysia
{{See also|Education in Malaysia}}- Polytechnics
Ungku Omar Polytechnic>Politeknik Ungku Omar|PUO|1969|Premier Polytechnic (University Status)|Ipoh, Perak |
Port Dickson (town)>Si Rusa, Negeri Sembilan |
Sultan Azlan Shah Polytechnic>Politeknik Sultan Azlan Shah|PSAS|2002|Conventional Polytechnic|Behrang, Perak |
Sungai Air Tawar (state constituency)>Sungai Air Tawar, Selangor |
Bandar Muadzam Shah>Muadzam Shah, Pahang |
Mukah Polytechnic>Politeknik Mukah|PMU|2004|Conventional Polytechnic|Mukah, Sarawak |
Betong, Sarawak>Betong, Sarawak |
George Town, Penang>George Town, Pulau Pinang |
Muar (district)>Muar, Johor |
Besut District>Besut, Terengganu |
Bagan Datuk (town)>Bagan Datuk, Perak |
- Technical University
- Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
- Universiti Malaysia Perlis
- Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
- Universiti Malaysia Pahang
Mauritius
The only technical university in Mauritius is the University of Technology, Mauritius with its main campus situated in La Tour Koenig, Pointe aux Sables. It has a specialized mission with a technology focus. It applies traditional and beyond traditional approaches to teaching, training, research and consultancy. The university has been founded with the aim to play a key role in the economic and social development of Mauritius through the development of programmes of direct relevance to the country's needs, for example in areas like technology, sustainable development science and public sector policy and management.Mexico
In Mexico there are different Institutes and Colleges of Technology. Most of them are public institutions.The National Technological Institute of Mexico (in Spanish: , TecNM) is a Mexican public university system created on 23 July 2014 by presidential decree with the purpose to unify 263 public institutes of technology that had been created since 1948 and are found all around Mexico.Another important institute of technology in Mexico is the National Polytechnic Institute (), which is located in the northern region of Mexico City.Moldova
{{See also|Education in Moldova}}Nepal
- Institute of Engineering
- CTEVT, Council for Technical Education and Vocational Training
New Zealand
{{See also|Tertiary education in New Zealand}}New Zealand polytechnics are established under the Education Act 1989 as amended and are typically considered state-owned tertiary institutions along with universities, colleges of education and wÄnanga; there is today often much crossover in courses and qualifications offered between all these types of Tertiary Education Institutions. Some have officially taken the title 'institute of technology' which is a term recognized in government strategies equal to that of the term 'polytechnic'. One has opted for the name 'Universal College of Learning' (UCOL) and another 'Unitec New Zealand'. These are legal names but not recognized terms like 'polytechnic' or 'institute of technology'. Many if not all now grant at least bachelor-level degrees. Some colleges of education or institutes of technology are privately owned, however, the qualification levels vary widely.Since the 1990s, there has been consolidation in New Zealand's state-owned tertiary education system. In the polytechnic sector: Wellington Polytechnic amalgamated with Massey University. The Central Institute of Technology explored a merger with the Waikato Institute of Technology, which was abandoned, but later, after financial concerns, controversially amalgamated with Hutt Valley Polytechnic, which in turn became Wellington Institute of Technology. Some smaller polytechnics in the North Island, such as Waiarapa Polytechnic, amalgamated with UCOL. (The only other amalgamations have been in the colleges of education.)The Auckland University of Technology is the only polytechnic to have been elevated to university status; while Unitec has had repeated attempts blocked by government policy and consequent decisions; Unitec has not been able to convince the courts to overturn these decisions.In mid-February 2019, the Minister of Education Minister Chris Hipkins proposed merging the country's sixteen polytechnics into a "NZ Institute of Skills and Technology" in response to deficits and a decline in domestic enrollments. This was commenced with branding changes to 20 establishments in 2022 in preparation of their merger into Te PÅ«kengaWEB,weblink Stuff,Nigeria
{{See also|List of polytechnics in Nigeria}}Virtually, every state in Nigeria has a polytechnic university operated by either the federal or state government. In Rivers State for example, there are two state-owned polytechnic universities; Kenule Beeson Saro-Wiwa Polytechnic, Bori City and the Rivers State College of Arts and Science, Port Harcourt. The former was established on 13 May 1988 while the latterâthough founded in 1984âwas approved by the NBTE in 2006. The first private polytechnic university in the state is the Eastern Polytechnic, established in 2008.Pakistan
The polytechnic institutes in Pakistan offer Diploma in Engineering spanning three years in different engineering branches. This diploma is known as Diploma of Associate Engineering (DAE). Students are admitted to the diploma program based on their results in the 10th grade standardized exams. The main purpose of the diploma offered in polytechnic institutes is to train people in various trades.These institutes are located throughout Pakistan and started in the early 1950s.After successfully completion of diploma at a polytechnic, students can either get employment or enroll in Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech) and Bachelor of Engineering (BE) degree programs.Universities of Engineering & Technology in Pakistan offer undergraduate (BE/BS/BSc Engineering) and postgraduate (ME/MS/MSc Engineering and PhD) degree programs in engineering. BE/BS/BSc Engineering is a professional degree in Pakistan. It is a four-year full-time program after HSSC (higher secondary school certificate).Palestine
University College of Applied Sciences (UCAS) is a technical college in Gaza founded in 1998. The College offers undergraduate degrees in several unique specializations such as education technology, technological management and planning, and geographic information systemsPhilippines
- Mapúa University, the premier engineering school of the Philippines. Being an internationally accredited engineering school, it consistently tops various board exams for engineering students in the Philippines.
- FEU Institute of Technology, a premier engineering school known for its technological academic teaching and board topnotchers operating under the Far Eastern University system.
- Mindanao State UniversityâIligan Institute of Technology, the premier state university in the southern Philippines and the science and technology flagship campus of the Mindanao State University System (the second biggest university system in the Philippines after the University of the Philippines).
- Technological University of the Philippines, the premier state university of technology education in the Philippines.
- Technological Institute of the Philippines, an engineering school with an international accreditation.
- Bicol University, center in teaching excellence, offers IT courses and a well known university.
- Cebu Institute of Technology â University, a premier engineering school, this university is known to have high selectivity in admissions as well as excellence in engineering research and education.
- Cebu Technological University
- Polytechnic University of the Philippines, a state university in the Philippines that consistently tops various board exams for engineering students in the Philippines, also referred to as the National Comprehensive University of the Philippines.
- Quezon City Polytechnic University, a local university, this university is well known in engineering, IT and technical education.
- Rizal Technological University, the only university that offers degree courses in astronomy.
Poland
Politechnika (translated as a "technical university" or "university of technology") is the designation of a technical university in Poland. Here are some of the larger polytechnics in Poland:- Politechnika ÅlÄ ska
- Politechnika WrocÅawska
- Politechnika Warszawska
- Politechnika PoznaÅska
- Politechnika Krakowska
- Politechnika GdaÅska
- Politechnika Åódzka
- Politechnika BiaÅostocka
- Politechnika Lubelska
- Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza
- Uniwersytet Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana i JÄdrzeja Åniadeckich w Bydgoszczy (University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz)
- Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny (West Pomeranian University of Technology)
Portugal
Till recently, there was a Technical University of Lisbon (UTL). It included several of the most prestigious schools, including, an engineering school (Instituto Superior Tecnico) and one of the most ancient business schools in the world (ISEG Lisbon). But UTL merged with the University of Lisbon. In this field, here are also a number of non-university higher educational institutions which are called polytechnic institutes since the 1970s. Some of these institutions existed since the 19th century with different designations (industrial and commercial institutes, agricultural managers, elementary teachers and nurses schools, etc.). In theory, the polytechnics higher education system is aimed to provide a more practical training and be profession-oriented, while the university higher education system is aimed to have a stronger theoretical basis and be highly research-oriented. The polytechnics are also oriented to provide shorter length studies aimed to respond to local needs. The Portuguese polytechnics can then be compared to the US community colleges.Since the implementation of Bologna Process in Portugal in 2007, the polytechnics offer the 1st cycle (licentiate degree) and 2nd cycle (master's degree) of higher studies. Until 1998, the polytechnics only awarded bachelor () degrees (three-year short-cycle degrees) and were not authorized to award higher degrees. They however granted post-bachelor diplomas in specialized higher studies (DESE, ), that could be obtained after the conclusion of a two-year second cycle of studies and were academical equivalent to the university's licentiate degrees (). After 1998, they started to be allowed to confer their own licentiate degrees, which replaced the DESE diplomas.Romania
{{See also|Education in Romania}}- Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1864
- Polytechnic University of TimiÈoara, 1920
- Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of IaÈi, 1937
- Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 1948
- Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest, 1948
- Oil & Gas University of PloieÅti, 1948
- University of PetroÅani, 1948
- Technical Military Academy of Bucharest, 1949
Russia
{{See also|List of institutions of higher learning in Russia}}- Bauman Moscow State Technical University
- Saint Petersburg Polytechnical University
- Novosibirsk State Technical University
- Tomsk Polytechnic University
- Moscow Polytechnic University
Singapore
{{See also|Education in Singapore}}Polytechnics in Singapore do not offer bachelor's, master's degrees or doctorate. However, Polytechnics in Singapore offer three-year diploma courses in fields ranging from applied sciences to business, information technology, humanities, social sciences, and other vocational fields such as engineering and nursing. There are five polytechnics in Singapore: Singapore Polytechnic, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Temasek Polytechnic, Nanyang Polytechnic and Republic Polytechnic.The Polytechnic diploma certification in Singapore is equivalent to an associate degree obtainable at the community colleges in the United States. A Polytechnic diploma in Singapore is also known to be parallel and sometimes equivalent to the first years at a bachelor's degree-granting institution, thus, Polytechnic graduates in Singapore have the privilege of being granted transfer credits or module exemptions when they apply to a local or overseas universities, depending on the university's policies on transfer credits.The only university in Singapore with the term "institute of technology", most notably the Singapore Institute of Technology were developed in 2009 as an option for Polytechnic graduates who desire to pursue a bachelor's degree. Other technological universities in Singapore includes the Nanyang Technological University and the Singapore University of Technology and Design.Slovakia
- Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava
- Technical University of Košice
- University of Žilina
- Technical University in Zvolen
- TrenÄÃn University in TrenÄÃn
- Dubnica Technology Institute
South Africa
{{See also|List of universities in South Africa#Universities of technology}}File:CPUT Cape Town Campus.jpg|thumb|200px|Cape Peninsula University of TechnologyCape Peninsula University of TechnologyIn South Africa, there was a division between universities and technikons (polytechnics), as well between institutions servicing particular racial and language groupings.By the mid-2000s, former technikons have either been merged with traditional universities to form comprehensive universities or have become universities of technology; however, the universities of technology have not to date acquired all of the traditional rights and privileges of a university (such as the ability to confer a wide range of degrees).Mentz, J., Kotzé, P., Van der Merwe, A. (2008). Searching for the Technology in University of Technology. South African Computer Journal, Vol 42, December 2008, pp. 29â37, looks at the role of universities of technology after these mergers.Spain
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Universitat Politècnica de València
- Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena
Sri Lanka
File:à·à·à¶à·à¶à·à¶ºà¶à·à¶à·à·à¶« à·à·à·à·à·à·à·à¶¯à·âයà·à¶½à¶º.jpg|thumbnail| University of Vocational TechnologyUniversity of Vocational Technology- University of Moratuwa
- Institute of Technology, University of Moratuwa
- University of Vocational Technology
- Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology
- Technical College
Sweden
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm
- Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg
- The Institute of Technology at Linköping University, Linköping
- Faculty of Engineering (LTH), Lund University, Lund
- Luleå University of Technology, Luleå
- Blekinge Institute of Technology, Blekinge
Switzerland
- (ETH Zurich)
- (EPFL)
Taiwan
The question of Taiwanese college education is, the students either from high school (the aims is to go to normal college) or tech high school(the aims is to go to work or technology university), almost all of the students take the same test(the score can go to two kinds of school), and the school would not care what kind of high school you are from.- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- National Taipei University of Technology
- National Taichung University of Science and Technology
- National Yunlin University of Science and Technology
- National Formosa University
- National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology
- National Pingtung University of Science and Technology
Thailand
{{See also|Education in Thailand}}Most of Thailand's institutes of technology were developed from technical colleges, in the past could not grant bachelor's degrees; today, however, they are university level institutions, some of which can grant degrees to the doctoral level. Examples are Pathumwan Institute of Technology (developed from Pathumwan Technical School), King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (Nondhaburi Telecommunications Training Centre) and King Mongkut's Institute of Technology North Bangkok (Thai-German Technical School).There are two former institutes of technology, which already changed their name to "University of Technology": Rajamangala University of Technology (formerly Institute of Technology and Vocational Education) and King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (Thonburi Technology Institute).Institutes of technology with different origins are Asian Institute of Technology, which developed from SEATO Graduate School of Engineering and Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, an engineering school of Thammasat University. Suranaree University of Technology is the only government-owned technological university in Thailand that was established (1989) as such; while Mahanakorn University of Technology is the most well known private technological institute. Technology/Technical colleges in Thailand is associated with bitter rivalries which erupts into frequent off-campus brawls and assassinations of students in public locations that has been going on for nearly a decade, with innocent bystanders also commonly among the injuredWEB,weblink Schools will face action over student brawls, 19 August 2011, The Nation, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20141217104025weblink">weblink 17 December 2014, and the military under martial law still unable to stop them from occurring.NEWS,weblink Tech students' brawl shuts concert, Bangkok Post,Turkey
{{See also|Education in Turkey}}In Turkey and the Ottoman Empire, the oldest technical university is Istanbul Technical University. Its graduates contributed to a wide variety of activities in scientific research and development. In the 1950s, two technical universities were opened in Ankara and Trabzon. In recent years, Yıldız University is reorganized as Yıldız Technical University and two institutes of technology were founded in Kocaeli and İzmir. In 2010, another technical university named Bursa Technical University was founded in Bursa. Moreover, a sixth technical university is about to be opened in Konya named Konya Technical University.{|class="wikitable sortable"|+ List of Technical Universities in Turkey! style="background:#efefef; width:31%;"| Name! style="background:#efefef; width:24%;"| City! style="background:#efefef; width:15%;"| Foundation! style="background:#efefef; width:12%;"| Students! style="background:#efefef; width:19%;"| NotesIstanbul Technical University (ITU) > | Istanbul > | | Ranked 108th in THES QS University ranking in the field of technology |
Yıldız Technical University (YTU) > | Istanbul > | | |
Karadeniz Technical University (KTU) > | Trabzon > | | First technical university in Turkey outside Istanbul |
Middle East Technical University (ODTU) > | Ankara > | | |
Gebze Institute of Technology (GYTE) > | Ä°zmit>Kocaeli | 1992 |
Ä°zmir Institute of Technology (IYTE)> | Ä°zmir > | | |
Bursa Technical University (BTU) > | Bursa > | | |
Erzurum Technical University (ETU) > | Erzurum > | | |
Adana Science and Technology University (ABTU) > | Adana > | | |
EskiÅehir Technical University (ESTU) > | EskiÅehir > | | ESTU is the first university which contains an airport in the world. |
Ukraine
- Donbas State Technical University
- Donetsk National Technical University
- Kyiv Polytechnic Institute
- Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute
- Lviv Polytechnic
United Kingdom
Institutes of TechnologyThe UK Government defines institutes of technology as "Business-led Institutes of Technology [that] offer higher level technical education to help close skills gaps in key STEM areas".WEB,weblink Institutes of Technology, Gov.UK, 4 September 2023, 25 September 2023, They deliver qualifications from level 3 (T-levels) to level 7 (master's degrees). The government is investing £300 million in developing a network of 21 institutes of technology across England, with 19 open {{as of|September 2023|lc=y}} and two further institutes expected to open in September 2024.WEB,weblink About Institutes of Technology, Gov.UK, 25 September 2023, PolytechnicsPolytechnics were tertiary education teaching institutions in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. The comparable institutions in Scotland were collectively referred to as central institutions.From 1965 to 1992, UK polytechnics operated under the binary system of education along with universities. Polytechnics offered diplomas and degrees (bachelor's, master's, PhD) validated at the national level by the Council for National Academic Awards (CNAA). Initially they concentrated on engineering and applied science degree courses and other STEM subjects similar to technological universities in the US and continental Europe. Polytechnics were associated with innovations including women's studies, the academic study of communications and media, sandwich degrees and the rise of management and business studies.Britain's first polytechnic, the Royal Polytechnic Institution later known as the Polytechnic of Central London (now the University of Westminster) was established in 1838 at Regent Street in London and its goal was to educate and popularize engineering and scientific knowledge and inventions in Victorian Britain "at little expense". The London Polytechnic led a mass movement to create numerous polytechnic institutes across the UK in the late 19th century. Most polytechnic institutes were established at the center of major metropolitan cities and their focus was on engineering, applied science and technology education.The designation "institute of technology" was occasionally used by polytechnics (Bolton), Central Institutions (Dundee, Robert Gordon's) and for the Cranfield Institute of Technology (now Cranfield University), most of which later adopted the designation university and there were two "institutes of science and technology": UMIST and UWIST (part of the University of Wales). Loughborough University was called Loughborough University of Technology from 1966 to 1996, the only institution in the UK to have had such a designation. The University of Strathclyde was the Royal Technical College from 1912 to 1956 and then the Royal College of Science and Technology from 1956 until granted university status in 1964.Polytechnics were granted university status under the Further and Higher Education Act 1992. This meant that polytechnics could confer degrees without the oversight of the national CNAA organization. These institutions are sometimes referred to as post-1992 universities.Technical collegesIn 1956, some colleges of technology received the designation college of advanced technology. They became universities in 1966 meaning they could award their own degrees.Institutions called "technical institutes" or "technical schools" that were formed in the early 20th century provided further education between high school and university or polytechnic. Most technical institutes have been merged into regional colleges and some have been designated university colleges if they are associated with a local university.United States
missing image!
- Teamsolvingpuzzle.jpg -
Students from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Polytechnic institutes in the USA are technological universities, many dating back to the mid-19th century. A handful of American universities include the phrases "Institute of Technology", "Polytechnic Institute", "Polytechnic University" or similar phrasing in their names; these are generally research-intensive universities with a focus on engineering, science and technology. The earliest of these institutions include: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (1824), Rochester Institute of Technology (1829), Brooklyn Collegiate and Polytechnic Institute (1854), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1861) and Worcester Polytechnic Institute (1865). Conversely, schools dubbed "technical colleges" or "technical institutes" generally provide post-secondary training in technical and mechanical fields, focusing on training vocational skills primarily at a community college level, parallel and sometimes equivalent to the first two years at a bachelor's degree-granting institution.- Teamsolvingpuzzle.jpg -
Students from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Venezuela
Institutes of technology in Venezuela were developed in the 1950s as an option for post-secondary education in technical and scientific courses, after the polytechnic French concepts. At that time, technical education was considered essential for the development of a sound middle class economy.Nowadays, most of the Institutos de TecnologÃa are privately run businesses, with varying degrees of quality.Most of these institutes award diplomas after three or three and a half years of education. The institute of technology implementation (IUT, from ) began with the creation of the first IUT at Caracas, the capital city of Venezuela, called IUT. Dr. Federico Rivero Palacio adopted the French "Institut Universitaire de Technologie"s system, using French personnel and study system based on three-year periods, with research and engineering facilities at the same level as the main national universities to obtain French equivalent degrees. This IUT is the first and only one in Venezuela having French equivalent degrees accepted, implementing this system and observing the high-level degrees some other IUTs were created in Venezuela, regardless of this the term IUT was not used appropriately resulting in some institutions with mediocre quality and no equivalent degree in France. Later, some private institutions sprang up using IUT in their names, but they are not regulated by the original French system and award lower quality degrees.Vietnam
- Da Nang University of Technology
- FPT University
- Hanoi University of Science and Technology
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology
- Le Quy Don Technical University
- VNU University of Engineering and Technology
See also
- Comparison of US and UK Education
- Engineer's degree
- List of forestry universities and colleges
- List of institutions using the term "institute of technology" or "polytechnic"
- List of schools of mines
- Secondary Technical School
- University of Science and Technology
- Vocational university
References
{{Reflist|2}}External links
- EB1911, Polytechnic, Joshua Girling, Fitch, Joshua Girling Fitch, William, Garnett, William Garnett (professor), x,
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- "institute of technology#Finland - Ammattikorkeakoulu - Yrkeshögskola" does not exist on GetWiki (yet)
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- "institute of technology#Finland - Ammattikorkeakoulu - Yrkeshögskola" does not exist on GetWiki (yet)
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