{{Short description|Photo messaging application}}{{pp-vandalism|small=yes}}{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2018}}

! Emoji !! Name !! Snapchat meaning|âœ¨|Group Chat|Appears next to all of the user’s group chats.

factoids

name

Snapchat| logo = Snapchat logo.svg| logo_caption = Logo used since August 2019 | logo size = 100px| collapsible = yes

| developer = Snap Inc.

Android (operating system)>Android Android Lollipop

or later {{Break}} iOS iOS 12>12 or later

Megabyte>MB (Android)HTTPS://PLAY.GOOGLE.COM/STORE/APPS/DETAILS?ID=COM.SNAPCHAT.ANDROID&HL=EN_US >TITLE=SNAPCHAT

LANGUAGE=EN

ARCHIVE-DATE=MARCH 16, 2020

URL-STATUS=LIVE, {{Break}} 258 MB (iOS)HTTPS://APPS.APPLE.COM/APP/ID447188370 >TITLE=SNAPCHAT

PUBLISHER=APP STORE

ACCESS-DATE=MAY 15, 2021

ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20210423033350/HTTPS://APPS.APPLE.COM/APP/ID447188370, live,

URL=HTTPS://APPS.APPLE.COM/APP/ID447188370

LANGUAGE=EN-US

ARCHIVE-DATE=APRIL 23, 2021

URL-STATUS=LIVE, | language count = 37

{edih}| license = Proprietary software

www.snapchat.com/|www.snapchat.com}}}}Snapchat is an American multimedia instant messaging app and service developed by Snap Inc., originally Snapchat Inc. One of the principal features of Snapchat is that pictures and messages are usually only available for a short time before they become inaccessible to their recipients. The app has evolved from originally focusing on person-to-person photo sharing to presently featuring users’ “Stories” of 24 hours of chronological content, along with “Discover”, letting brands show ad-supported short-form content. It also allows users to store photos in a password-protected area called “my eyes only”. It has also reportedly incorporated limited use of end-to-end encryption, with plans to broaden its use in the future.Snapchat was created by Evan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy, and Reggie Brown, former students at Stanford University. It is known for representing a mobile-first direction for social media, and places significant emphasis on users interacting with virtual stickers and augmented reality objects. In July 2021, Snapchat had 293 million daily active users, a 23% growth over a year.WEB, Lee, Nicole, 22 July 2021, Snapchat just announced its largest user growth in years,www.engadget.com/snapchat-earnings-210932638.html, 22 July 2021, Engadget, July 22, 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210722220402/https://www.engadget.com/snapchat-earnings-210932638.html, live, On average more than four billion Snaps are sent each day.WEB, Snap Inc. Announces First Quarter 2020 Financial Results,investor.snap.com/news-releases/2020/04-21-2020-210949737, 2020-04-26, investor.snap.com, en, September 22, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200922221454/https://investor.snap.com/news/default.aspx, live, Snapchat is popular among the younger generations, particularly those below the age of 16, leading to many privacy concerns for parents.

History

Prototype

According to documents and deposition statements, Reggie Brown brought the idea for a disappearing pictures application to Evan Spiegel because Spiegel had prior business experience. Brown and Spiegel then pulled in Bobby Murphy, who had experience coding. The three worked closely together for several months and launched Snapchat as “Picaboo” on the iOS operating system on July 8, 2011.WEB, Jim, Edwards, The alleged betrayal described in these photos, texts, and emails cost Snapchat $158 million,nordic.businessinsider.com/snapchat-founders-lawsuit-internal-photos-texts-emails-2017-2, Business Insider, Axel Springer SE, February 3, 2017, April 27, 2017, November 27, 2018,web.archive.org/web/20181127121652/https://nordic.businessinsider.com/snapchat-founders-lawsuit-internal-photos-texts-emails-2017-2, live, WEB, Billy, Gallagher, Snapchat’s Spiegel Admits Brown “Came Up With The Idea For Disappearing Picture Messages” In New Court Documents,techcrunch.com/2013/07/01/new-snapchat-docs/, TechCrunch, AOL, July 1, 2013, April 27, 2017, November 28, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201128193401/https://techcrunch.com/2013/07/01/new-snapchat-docs/, live, Reggie Brown was ousted from the company months after it was launched.NEWS, Masunaga, Samantha, March 1, 2017, What Happened to Ousted Snapchat Founder Reggie Brown? No, Really, We Don’t Know, Sun-Sentinel,www.sun-sentinel.com/business/la-fi-live-updates-snap-ipo-what-happened-to-ousted-snapchat-1488401913-htmlstory.html, Deerfield Beach, FL, July 28, 2019, July 28, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190728161048/https://www.sun-sentinel.com/business/la-fi-live-updates-snap-ipo-what-happened-to-ousted-snapchat-1488401913-htmlstory.html, dead, NEWS, Masunaga, Samantha, The guy who came up with the idea for Snapchat got $158 million and vanished from public life,www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-tn-reggie-brown-20170301-story.html, 10 March 2020, Los Angeles Times, 1 March 2017, December 3, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201203165525/https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-tn-reggie-brown-20170301-story.html, live, The app was relaunched as Snapchat in September 2011, and the team focused on usability and technical aspects, rather than branding efforts. One exception was the decision to keep a mascot designed by Brown, “Ghostface Chillah”, named after Ghostface Killah of the hip-hop group Wu-Tang Clan.On May 8, 2012, Reggie Brown sent an email to Evan Spiegel during their senior year at Stanford, in which he offered to re-negotiate his equitable share regarding ownership of the company. Lawyers for Snapchat claimed that Reggie Brown had made no contributions of value to the company, and was therefore entitled to nothing.Original document, “151160912 Snapchat Reggie Brown Declaration” {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200123165838www.documentcloud.org/documents/725391-151160912-snapchat-reggie-brown-declaration.html |date=January 23, 2020 }}, Sam Biddle Documentcloud, July 10, 2013. Retrieved March 27, 2016.WEB, Billy, Gallagher, Evan Spiegel And Bobby Murphy Say Alleged Snapchat Co-Founder Never Had Equity,techcrunch.com/2013/07/31/spiegel-murphy-say-alleged-snapchat-co-founder-never-had-equity/, TechCrunch, AOL, July 31, 2013, April 10, 2017, November 11, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201111205646/https://consent.yahoo.com/v2/collectConsent?sessionId=3_cc-session_e504ae58-52b5-48b2-819c-7643bbab4de0, live, In September 2014, Brown settled with Spiegel and Murphy for $157.5 millionWEB, Melissa, Etehad, Two of these guys run Snap now. The third sued them.,www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-live-updates-snap-ipo-the-dispute-with-snapchat-s-founders-1486156050-htmlstory.html, Los Angeles Times, February 3, 2017, April 10, 2017, March 28, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190328142053/https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-live-updates-snap-ipo-the-dispute-with-snapchat-s-founders-1486156050-htmlstory.html, live, and was credited as one of the original authors of Snapchat.NEWS, Felix, Gillette, Snapchat Reaches Settlement With Its Disappearing Co-Founder,www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-09-09/snapchat-settles-reggie-brown-suit-credits-him-with-original-idea, Bloomberg L.P., September 10, 2014, April 27, 2017, December 9, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20191209060031/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-09-09/snapchat-settles-reggie-brown-suit-credits-him-with-original-idea, live, WEB, Alyson, Shontell, Snapchat Settles Lawsuit Filed By Ousted Co-Founder And Fraternity Brother, Reggie Brown,www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-settles-the-lawsuit-with-the-ousted-co-founder-and-fraternity-brother-reggie-brown-2014-9, Business Insider, Axel Springer SE, September 9, 2014, April 27, 2017, December 2, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20191202055010/https://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-settles-the-lawsuit-with-the-ousted-co-founder-and-fraternity-brother-reggie-brown-2014-9, live, WEB, Jordan, Crook, Snapchat Finally Settles Lawsuit With Ousted Co-Founder Reggie Brown,techcrunch.com/2014/09/09/snapchat-finally-settles-lawsuit-with-ousted-co-founder-reggie-brown/, TechCrunch, AOL, September 9, 2014, April 10, 2017, January 22, 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210122041332/https://techcrunch.com/2014/09/09/snapchat-finally-settles-lawsuit-with-ousted-co-founder-reggie-brown/, live, In their first blog post, dated May 9, 2012, CEO Evan Spiegel described the company’s mission: “Snapchat isn’t about capturing the traditional Kodak moment. It’s about communicating with the full range of human emotionâ€”not just what appears to be pretty or perfect.“WEB, Evan, Spiegel, Evan Spiegel, Let’s chat.,www.snap.com/en-US/news/post/lets-chat/, Snap News, Snap Inc., May 9, 2012, April 27, 2017, November 8, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201108183032/https://www.snap.com/en-US/news/post/lets-chat, live, He presented Snapchat as the solution to stresses caused by the longevity of personal information on social media, evidenced by “emergency detagging of Facebook photos before job interviews and photoshopping blemishes out of candid shots before they hit the internet.

Growth

File:Snapchat’s global reach in 2014.png|left|thumb|World map indicating Snapchat’s core users by country in 2014. Map based on data from a report from Business Insider Intelligence.WEB, Marcelo, Ballve, Snapchat Has Gone Global â€“ These Are The Countries Where It Has Reached The Top Of The App Charts,www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-has-gone-global-these-are-the-countries-where-snapchat-has-conquered-the-app-charts-2014-7, Business Insider, Axel Springer SE Axel Springer SEAs of May 2012, 25 Snapchat images were being sent per second and, as of November 2012, users had shared over one billion photos on the Snapchat iOS app, with 20 million photos being shared per day.NEWS, The app with self-destructing messages launches on Android,upstart.bizjournals.com/news/technology/2012/10/29/snapchat-launches-on-android.html, December 22, 2012, Upstart Business Journal, October 27, 2012, del Castillo, Michael, October 7, 2013,upstart.bizjournals.com/news/technology/2012/10/29/snapchat-launches-on-android.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20131007083611upstart.bizjournals.com/news/technology/2012/10/29/snapchat-launches-on-android.html,">web.archive.org/web/20131007083611upstart.bizjournals.com/news/technology/2012/10/29/snapchat-launches-on-android.html, live, That same month, Spiegel cited problems with user base scalability as the reason why Snapchat was experiencing some difficulties delivering its images, known as “snaps”, in real time. Snapchat was released as an Android app on October 29, 2012.In June 2013, Snapchat version 5.0, dubbed “Banquo”, was released for iOS. The updated version introduced several speed and design enhancements, including swipe navigation, double-tap to reply, an improved friend finder, and in-app profiles.WEB, Snapchat Update Adds Quicker, Flashier Features,mashable.com/2013/06/06/snapchat-update/, Mashable, August 9, 2013, Fitz-gerald, Sean, June 7, 2013, November 26, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201126205955/https://mashable.com/2013/06/06/snapchat-update/, live, The name is a reference to a character from Shakespeare’s Macbeth.WEB, Jordan, Crook, Snapchat Launches v5.0 With Revamped UI, Swipe Navigation, And In-App Profiles,techcrunch.com/2013/06/05/snapchat-launches-v5-0-banquo-with-revamped-ui-address-book-friend-finder-and-in-app-profiles/, TechCrunch, AOL, June 5, 2013, April 10, 2017, November 7, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201107185155/https://techcrunch.com/2013/06/05/snapchat-launches-v5-0-banquo-with-revamped-ui-address-book-friend-finder-and-in-app-profiles/, live, Also in June 2013, Snapchat introduced Snapkidz for users under 13 years of age. Snapkidz was part of the original Snapchat application and was activated when the user provided a date of birth to verify his/her age. Snapkidz allowed children to take snaps and draw on them, but they could not send snaps to other users and could only save snaps locally on the device being used.WEB, Larry, Magid, Snapchat Creates SnapKidz â€“ A Sandbox For Kids Under 13,www.forbes.com/sites/larrymagid/2013/06/23/snapchat-creates-snapkidz-a-sandbox-for-kids-under-13/, Forbes, June 23, 2013, April 10, 2017, January 11, 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210111175817/https://www.forbes.com/sites/larrymagid/2013/06/23/snapchat-creates-snapkidz-a-sandbox-for-kids-under-13/, live, According to Snapchat’s published statistics, as of May 2015, the app’s users were sending 2 billion videos per day, reaching 6 billion by November.WEB, Lucas, Matney, Snapchat Reaches 6 Billion Daily Videos Views, Tripling From 2 Billion In May,techcrunch.com/2015/11/09/snapchat-reaches-6-billion-daily-videos-views-tripling-from-2-billion-in-may/, TechCrunch, AOL, November 9, 2015, April 10, 2017, November 30, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201130110447/https://techcrunch.com/2015/11/09/snapchat-reaches-6-billion-daily-videos-views-tripling-from-2-billion-in-may/, live, By 2016, Snapchat had hit 10 billion daily video views.Kellen Beck,“Snapchat users are watching 10 billion videos a day” {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126185246mashable.com/2016/04/28/snapchat-video-views-billion/ |date=November 26, 2020 }}, Mashable, April 28, 2016. Retrieved May 4, 2016. In May 2016, Snapchat raised $1.81 billion in equity offering, suggesting strong investor interest in the company.Anya George,“Snapchat raises $1.81 billion in new funding round” {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026034205finance.yahoo.com/news/snapchat-raises-1-81-billion-104713195.html |date=October 26, 2019 }}, Yahoo, May 26, 2016. Retrieved May 31, 2016. By May 31, 2016, the app had almost 10 million daily active users in the United Kingdom.WEB, Rob, Price, Almost 10 million Brits use Snapchat every day,www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-has-nearly-10-million-daily-users-in-uk-dau-2016-5, Business Insider, Axel Springer SE, May 31, 2016, April 10, 2017, October 26, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20191026034215/https://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-has-nearly-10-million-daily-users-in-uk-dau-2016-5, live, In February 2017, Snapchat had 160 million daily active users,WEB, Tom, Dotan, Amir, Efrati, What Matters and What Doesn’t in Snap’s S-1,www.theinformation.com/what-matters-and-what-doesnt-in-snaps-s-1, The Information, February 1, 2017, April 29, 2017, February 6, 2017,web.archive.org/web/20170206174344/https://www.theinformation.com/what-matters-and-what-doesnt-in-snaps-s-1, live, WEB, Josh, Constine, Snapchat reportedly hit 160M daily users and $400M revenue in 2016,techcrunch.com/2017/02/02/snap-ipo/, TechCrunch, AOL, February 2, 2017, April 29, 2017, June 24, 2017,web.archive.org/web/20170624092757/https://techcrunch.com/2017/02/02/snap-ipo/, live, growing to 166 million in May.WEB, Josh, Constine, Snapchat hits 166M daily users, disappointingly growing only slightly faster,techcrunch.com/2017/05/10/snapchat-user-count/, TechCrunch, AOL, May 10, 2017, May 10, 2017, November 26, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201126163757/https://techcrunch.com/2017/05/10/snapchat-user-count/, live, WEB, Harrison, Weber, Snapchat now has 166 million users, 34 million fewer than Instagram Stories,venturebeat.com/2017/05/10/snapchat-now-has-166-million-users-34-million-fewer-than-instagram-stories/, VentureBeat, May 10, 2017, May 10, 2017, September 27, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200927235445/https://venturebeat.com/2017/05/10/snapchat-now-has-166-million-users-34-million-fewer-than-instagram-stories/, live, Investel Capital Corp., a Canadian company, sued Snapchat for infringement on its geofiltering patent in 2016.NEWS, Investel sues Snapchat alleging geofiltering patent infringement,www.cbc.ca/news/business/snapchat-investel-iframed-geolocation-social-media-1.3733639, January 14, 2017, CBC News, August 24, 2016, November 8, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201108090952/https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/snapchat-investel-iframed-geolocation-social-media-1.3733639, live, WEB,www.investel.com/legal/snapchatinc.pdf, Investel Capital Corp vs. Snapchat, Inc â€“ complete Statement of Claim, January 14, 2017, October 18, 2017,www.investel.com/legal/snapchatinc.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20171018160118www.investel.com/legal/snapchatinc.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20171018160118www.investel.com/legal/snapchatinc.pdf, dead, They were seeking “monetary compensation and an order that would prohibit California-based Snapchat from infringing on its patent in the future.“WEB, Kellen, Beck, Canadian company suing Snapchat geofilters over patent infringement,www.thestar.com/business/2016/08/24/canadian-company-suing-snapchat-geofilters-over-patent-infringement.html, thestar.com, August 24, 2016, The Canadian Press, April 10, 2018, September 27, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200927110738/https://www.thestar.com/business/2016/08/24/canadian-company-suing-snapchat-geofilters-over-patent-infringement.html, live, (File:Snapchat Spectacles.jpg|thumb|Snapchat Spectacles Vending Machine at SXSW 2017, Austin, Texas)In September 2016, Snapchat Inc. was renamed Snap Inc. to coincide with the introduction of the company’s first hardware product, Spectaclesâ€”smartglasses with a built-in camera that can record 10 seconds of video at a time.NEWS,www.bbc.com/news/technology-37460682, Snapchat announces Sunglasses with built-in camera, Lee, Dave, BBC News, September 24, 2016, September 26, 2016, November 8, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201108090940/https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-37460682, live, On February 20, 2017, Spectacles became available for purchase online.WEB, Lexy, Savvides, Finally! Spectacles are available online,www.cnet.com/news/finally-snap-snapchat-spectacles-are-sold-online/, CNET, CBS Interactive, February 20, 2017, April 10, 2017, November 11, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201111190612/https://www.cnet.com/news/finally-snap-snapchat-spectacles-are-sold-online/, live, Snapchat announced a redesign in November 2017,WEB, Team Snap, Introducing the new Snapchat,www.snap.com/en-US/news/post/introducing-the-new-snapchat/, snap.com, November 29, 2017, February 28, 2018, November 24, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201124152352/https://www.snap.com/en-US/news/post/introducing-the-new-snapchat/, live, which proved controversial with many of its followers. CNBC’s Ingrid Angulo listed some of the reasons why many disliked the update, citing that sending a snap and re-watching stories was more complicated, stories and incoming snaps were now listed on the same page, and that the Discover page now included featured and sponsored content.WEB, Ingrid, Angulo, Here’s Why Snapchat Users Are so Upset about Its Recent Redesign,www.cnbc.com/2018/02/12/why-the-snapchat-redesign-is-so-bad.html, CNBC, February 12, 2018, April 10, 2018, November 9, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201109033959/https://www.cnbc.com/2018/02/12/why-the-snapchat-redesign-is-so-bad.html, live, A tweet sent by Kylie Jenner in February 2018, which criticized the redesign of the Snapchat app,TWEET, KylieJenner, 966429897118728192, February 21, 2018, sooo does anyone else not open Snapchat anymore? Or is it just me... ugh this is so sad., reportedly caused Snap Inc. to lose more than $1.3 billion in market value.NEWS,www.glamour.com/story/kylie-jenner-snapchat-tweet, Kylie Jenner Might Have Cost Snapchat $1.3 Billion With a Single Tweet, Leasca, Stacey, Glamour, April 11, 2018, en, July 25, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190725012815/https://www.glamour.com/story/kylie-jenner-snapchat-tweet, live, WEB,www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/feb/23/snapchat-redesign-scandal-kylie-jenner-what-went-wrong, ‘We’re watching a company explode’: is Snapchat becoming irrelevant?, Levin, Sam, February 24, 2018, The Guardian, en, April 11, 2018, November 9, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201109024126/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/feb/23/snapchat-redesign-scandal-kylie-jenner-what-went-wrong, live, Over 1.2 million people signed a Change.org petition asking the company to remove the new app update.NEWS,www.elle.com/culture/tech/a18663225/kylie-jenner-caused-snapchat-to-lose-dollar1-billion-tweet/, Two Tweets From Kylie Jenner Caused Snapchat to Lose $1.3 Billion, February 22, 2018, Elle, September 20, 2018, en-US, July 18, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190718080652/https://www.elle.com/culture/tech/a18663225/kylie-jenner-caused-snapchat-to-lose-dollar1-billion-tweet/, live, In December 2019, App Annie announced Snapchat to be the 5th most downloaded mobile app of the decade. The data includes figures for iOS downloads starting from 2010 and Android downloads starting from 2012.WEB,9to5mac.com/2019/12/16/apps-and-games-of-the-decade/, These were the most-downloaded apps and games of the decade, Miller, Chance, December 17, 2019, 9to5Mac, en-US, December 17, 2019, December 17, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20191217130013/https://9to5mac.com/2019/12/16/apps-and-games-of-the-decade/, live, Snapchat acquired AI Factory, a computer vision startup, in January 2020 to give a boost to its video capabilities.WEB,techcrunch.com/2020/01/03/snapchat-quietly-acquired-ai-factory-the-company-behind-its-new-cameos-feature-for-166m/, Snapchat quietly acquired AI Factory, the company behind its new Cameos feature, for $166M, TechCrunch, January 3, 2020, en-US, February 25, 2020, November 11, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201111201848/https://techcrunch.com/2020/01/03/snapchat-quietly-acquired-ai-factory-the-company-behind-its-new-cameos-feature-for-166m/, live, In November 2020, Snapchat announced it would pay a total of $1 million a day to users who post viral videos. The company has not stated the criteria for a video to be considered viral or how many people the payout would be split between. The promotion, called Snapchat Spotlight, was initially intended to run until the end of the year.NEWS,www.bbc.com/news/technology-55044179, Snapchat Spotlight to pay users $1m a day for viral hits, BBC News, November 23, 2020, en-UK, November 24, 2020, January 1, 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210101130418/https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-55044179, live, {{as of|2024}}, the program continues to operate but its payout structure changed in 2021 as the company announced a shift from the $1 million per day model to a “millions per month” one.WEB, Bursztynsky, Salvador Rodriguez, Jessica, Snap creators say they’re leaving the app’s Spotlight feature as payments dry up,www.cnbc.com/2021/08/11/snap-creators-say-theyre-leaving-the-apps-spotlight-feature-as-payments-dry-up.html, CNBC, 16 April 2024, en, 11 August 2021, In June 2022, Snapchat announced plans to launch Snapchat Plus, a paid subscription model. The subscription gives users early access to features, the ability to change the app icon and see which users rewatch their stories.WEB, Clark, Mitchell, Heath, Alex, Snap is working on a paid subscription called Snapchat Plus,www.theverge.com/2022/6/16/23171872/snapchat-plus-subscription-test-features-bff-viewer-log, The Verge, 16 June 2022, 17 June 2022, June 17, 2022,web.archive.org/web/20220617093951/https://www.theverge.com/2022/6/16/23171872/snapchat-plus-subscription-test-features-bff-viewer-log, live, In July 2022, the company reported that they had 347 million daily active users, an increase of 18% from the previous year.NEWS,www.nytimes.com/2022/07/21/business/snap-earnings.html, Snap reports its slowest quarterly growth and a wider loss in the second quarter, The New York Times, July 21, 2022, Huang, Kalley, August 15, 2022, August 15, 2022,web.archive.org/web/20220815131703/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/21/business/snap-earnings.html, live, In August 2022, Snapchat announced that Snapchat Plus had more than 1 million subscribers and added four new features to the subscription including priority replies, post-view emoji, new Bitmoji content, and new app icons.NEWS,variety.com/2022/digital/news/snapchat-plus-1-million-subscribers-new-features-1235339319/, Snapchat+ Tops 1 Million Paying Customers, Adds Four New Features, Variety, August 15, 2022, Spangler, Todd, August 15, 2022, August 15, 2022,web.archive.org/web/20220815195809/https://variety.com/2022/digital/news/snapchat-plus-1-million-subscribers-new-features-1235339319/, live,

Features

Core functionality

Snapchat is primarily used for creating multimedia messages referred to as “snaps”; snaps can consist of a photo or a short video, and can be edited to include filters and effects, text captions, and drawings.WEB, 7 Snapchat tips and tricks you probably had no clue about,www.pocket-lint.com/news/132491-7-snapchat-tips-and-tricks-you-probably-had-no-clue-about, Pocket-lint, December 19, 2015, March 19, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200319031151/https://www.pocket-lint.com/apps/news/snapchat/131313-what-is-snapchat-how-does-it-work-and-what-is-it-used-for, live, WEB, Snapchat Hands-on: Send Photos Set to Self-Destruct,blog.laptopmag.com/hands-on-with-snapchat-send-photos-set-to-self-destruct, Laptop, TechMedia Network, September 15, 2013, Alba, Davey, Davey Alba, May 16, 2012, September 21, 2013,blog.laptopmag.com/hands-on-with-snapchat-send-photos-set-to-self-destruct," title="web.archive.org/web/20130921054529blog.laptopmag.com/hands-on-with-snapchat-send-photos-set-to-self-destruct,">web.archive.org/web/20130921054529blog.laptopmag.com/hands-on-with-snapchat-send-photos-set-to-self-destruct, live, Snaps can be directed privately to selected contacts, or to a semi-public “Story” or a public “Story” called “Our Story”. The ability to send video snaps was added as a feature option in December 2012. By holding down on the photo button while inside the app, a video of up to ten seconds in length can be captured. Spiegel explained that this process allowed the video data to be compressed into the size of a photo.WEB,www.forbes.com/sites/jjcolao/2012/12/14/snapchat-adds-video-now-seeing-50-million-photos-a-day/, Snapchat Adds Video, Now Seeing 50 Million Photos A Day, Colao, J.J., December 14, 2012, Forbes, April 10, 2017, November 6, 2018,web.archive.org/web/20181106233458/https://www.forbes.com/sites/jjcolao/2012/12/14/snapchat-adds-video-now-seeing-50-million-photos-a-day/, live, A later update allowed the ability to record up to 60 seconds, but are still segmented into 10 second intervals. After a single viewing, the video disappears by default. On May 1, 2014, the ability to communicate via video chat was added. Direct messaging features were also included in the update, allowing users to send ephemeral text messages to friends and family while saving any needed information by clicking on it.WEB, Romain, Dillet, Snapchat Adds Ephemeral Text Chat And Video Calls,techcrunch.com/2014/05/01/snapchat-adds-text-chat-and-video-calls/, TechCrunch, AOL, May 1, 2014, April 27, 2017, November 12, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201112042109/https://consent.yahoo.com/v2/collectConsent?sessionId=3_cc-session_4805e599-4bde-4838-aecd-976b0c2388ee, live, According to CIO, Snapchat uses real-time marketing concepts and temporality to make the app appealing to users.WEB,www.cio.com/article/3043043/marketing/why-snapchat-is-the-next-big-thing-in-digital-marketing.html, Why Snapchat is the next big thing in digital marketing, CIO, March 11, 2016, Matt Kapko, March 17, 2018, November 6, 2018,web.archive.org/web/20181106235552/https://www.cio.com/article/3043043/marketing/why-snapchat-is-the-next-big-thing-in-digital-marketing.html, dead, According to Marketing Pro, Snapchat attracts interest and potential customers by combining the AIDA (marketing) model with modern digital technology.WEB,www.marketingprofs.com/opinions/2015/27431/attention-interest-desire-action-using-aida-for-social-media, Attention, Interest, Desire, Action: Using AIDA for Social Media, MarketingProfs, Sarah Green, March 17, 2018, September 20, 2020,www.marketingprofs.com/opinions/2015/27431/attention-interest-desire-action-using-aida-for-social-media," title="web.archive.org/web/20200920231841www.marketingprofs.com/opinions/2015/27431/attention-interest-desire-action-using-aida-for-social-media,">web.archive.org/web/20200920231841www.marketingprofs.com/opinions/2015/27431/attention-interest-desire-action-using-aida-for-social-media, live, Private message photo snaps can be viewed for a user-specified length of time (1 to 10 seconds as determined by the sender) before they become inaccessible. Users were previously required to hold down on the screen in order to view a snap; this behavior was removed in July 2015WEB, Sam, Sheffer, Snapchat is changing the way you watch snaps and add friends,www.theverge.com/2015/7/1/8861131/snapchat-update-2015-tap-to-play-story, The Verge, Vox Media, July 1, 2015, April 10, 2017, January 27, 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210127025916/https://www.theverge.com/2015/7/1/8861131/snapchat-update-2015-tap-to-play-story, live, The requirement to hold on the screen was intended to frustrate the ability to take screenshots of snaps; the Snapchat app does not prevent screenshots from being taken but can notify the sender if it detects that it has been saved. However, these notifications can be bypassed through either unauthorized modifications to the app or by obtaining the image through external means.WEB, J.J., Colao, Snapchat: The Biggest No-Revenue Mobile App Since Instagram,www.forbes.com/sites/jjcolao/2012/11/27/snapchat-the-biggest-no-revenue-mobile-app-since-instagram/, Forbes, November 27, 2012, April 10, 2017, November 21, 2013,www.forbes.com/sites/jjcolao/2012/11/27/snapchat-the-biggest-no-revenue-mobile-app-since-instagram/," title="web.archive.org/web/20131121205018www.forbes.com/sites/jjcolao/2012/11/27/snapchat-the-biggest-no-revenue-mobile-app-since-instagram/,">web.archive.org/web/20131121205018www.forbes.com/sites/jjcolao/2012/11/27/snapchat-the-biggest-no-revenue-mobile-app-since-instagram/, live, WEB, Billy, Gallagher, You Know What’s Cool? A Billion Snapchats: App Sees Over 20 Million Photos Shared Per Day, Releases On Android,techcrunch.com/2012/10/29/billion-snapchats/, TechCrunch, AOL, October 29, 2012, April 10, 2017, May 26, 2015,techcrunch.com/2012/10/29/billion-snapchats/," title="web.archive.org/web/20150526003320techcrunch.com/2012/10/29/billion-snapchats/,">web.archive.org/web/20150526003320techcrunch.com/2012/10/29/billion-snapchats/, live, NEWS, Fast-Growing Photo-Messaging App Snapchat Launches on Android,allthingsd.com/20121029/fast-growing-photo-messaging-app-snapchat-launches-on-android/, December 22, 2012, All Things D, October 29, 2012, Gannes, Liz, January 1, 2013,allthingsd.com/20121029/fast-growing-photo-messaging-app-snapchat-launches-on-android/," title="web.archive.org/web/20130101043837allthingsd.com/20121029/fast-growing-photo-messaging-app-snapchat-launches-on-android/,">web.archive.org/web/20130101043837allthingsd.com/20121029/fast-growing-photo-messaging-app-snapchat-launches-on-android/, live, One snap per day can be replayed for free. In September 2015, Snapchat introduced the option to purchase additional replays through in-app purchases.WEB, Lauren, Hockenson, Snapchat Replay? You can now pay Snapchat to replay snaps!,thenextweb.com/apps/2015/09/15/snapchats-latest-update-brings-selfie-lenses-paid-replays/, The Next Web, September 15, 2015, May 4, 2017, November 8, 2020,thenextweb.com/apps/2015/09/15/snapchats-latest-update-brings-selfie-lenses-paid-replays/," title="web.archive.org/web/20201108132404thenextweb.com/apps/2015/09/15/snapchats-latest-update-brings-selfie-lenses-paid-replays/,">web.archive.org/web/20201108132404thenextweb.com/apps/2015/09/15/snapchats-latest-update-brings-selfie-lenses-paid-replays/, live, JOURNAL, Brian, Barrett, Snapchat Now Charges if You Want to Replay Snaps,www.wired.com/2015/09/snapchat-replay-paid, Wired (website), Wired, September 15, 2015, May 4, 2017, August 5, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200805171807/https://www.wired.com/2015/09/snapchat-replay-paid/, live, WEB, Sean, O’Kane, Snapchat now lets you pay to replay snaps,www.theverge.com/2015/9/15/9330955/snapchat-replay-snaps-paid-in-app, The Verge, Vox Media, September 15, 2015, May 4, 2017, April 29, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190429155205/https://www.theverge.com/2015/9/15/9330955/snapchat-replay-snaps-paid-in-app, live, The ability to purchase extra replays was removed in April 2016.WEB, Alex, Heath, Snapchat quietly made a big change to the way messages expire,www.businessinsider.com.au/snapchat-lets-you-reply-to-every-snap-once-2016-4, Business Insider, Axel Springer SE, April 22, 2016, May 4, 2017, November 15, 2018,web.archive.org/web/20181115224621/https://www.businessinsider.com.au/snapchat-lets-you-reply-to-every-snap-once-2016-4, live, MAGAZINE, Jordan, Valinsky, Snapchat quietly kills in-app purchase option,digiday.com/media/snapchat-shelves-snap-replays/, Digiday, April 22, 2016, May 4, 2017, Friends can be added via usernames and phone contacts, using customizable “Snapcodes”, or through the “Add Nearby” function, which scans for users near their location who are also in the Add Nearby menu.WEB, What marketers should know about Snapchat,www.brandrepublic.com/news/1186152/sexting-branding-marketers-know-snapchat-nickykc/, Brand Republic, Haymarket Media Group, July 21, 2013, Kemp, Nicola, June 13, 2013, January 3, 2015,www.brandrepublic.com/news/1186152/sexting-branding-marketers-know-snapchat-nickykc/," title="web.archive.org/web/20150103181229www.brandrepublic.com/news/1186152/sexting-branding-marketers-know-snapchat-nickykc/,">web.archive.org/web/20150103181229www.brandrepublic.com/news/1186152/sexting-branding-marketers-know-snapchat-nickykc/, live, Spiegel explained that Snapchat is intended to counteract the trend of users being compelled to manage an idealized online identity of themselves, which he says has “taken all of the fun out of communicating.“In November 2014, Snapchat introduced “Snapcash”, a feature that lets users send and receive money to each other through private messaging. The payments system is powered by Square.WEB, Kurt, Wagner, Snapchat to Let You Send Money to Friends, Thanks to Square,www.recode.net/2014/11/17/11632930/snapchat-to-let-you-send-money-to-friends-thanks-to-square, Recode, Vox Media, November 17, 2014, April 27, 2017, April 4, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190404051814/https://www.recode.net/2014/11/17/11632930/snapchat-to-let-you-send-money-to-friends-thanks-to-square, live, WEB, Josh, Constine, Snapchat Now Lets You Send Money To Friends Through Snapcash Deal With Square Cash,techcrunch.com/2014/11/17/snapcash/, TechCrunch, AOL, November 17, 2014, April 27, 2017, August 18, 2016,web.archive.org/web/20160818194945/https://techcrunch.com/2014/11/17/snapcash/, live, In July 2016, Snapchat introduced a new, optional feature known as “Memories”. Memories allow snaps and story posts to be saved into a private storage area, where they can be viewed alongside other photos stored on the device, as well as edited and published as snaps, story posts, or messages anytime. When shared with a user’s current story, the memory would have a timestamp to indicate its age. Content in the Memories storage area can be searched by date or using a local object recognition system. Snaps accessible within Memories can additionally be placed into a “My Eyes Only” area that is locked with a Personal identification number (PIN). Snapchat has stated that the Memories feature was inspired by the practice of manually scrolling through photos on a phone to show them to others.WEB, Casey, Newton, Snapchat introduces Memories: a searchable, shareable archive of your snaps,www.theverge.com/2016/7/6/12102294/snapchat-memories-private-snap-archive, The Verge, Vox Media, July 6, 2016, April 10, 2017, February 21, 2017,www.theverge.com/2016/7/6/12102294/snapchat-memories-private-snap-archive," title="web.archive.org/web/20170221035715www.theverge.com/2016/7/6/12102294/snapchat-memories-private-snap-archive,">web.archive.org/web/20170221035715www.theverge.com/2016/7/6/12102294/snapchat-memories-private-snap-archive, live, In April 2017, the white border around old memories was removed. While originally intended to let viewers know the material was old, TechCrunch wrote that the indicator “ended up annoying users who didn’t want their snaps altered, sometimes to the point where they would decide not to share the old content at all.“WEB, Fitz, Tepper, Snapchat will no longer show a white border around old Memories,techcrunch.com/2017/04/27/snapchat-will-no-longer-show-a-white-border-around-old-memories/, TechCrunch, AOL, April 27, 2017, April 28, 2017, October 23, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201023122026/https://techcrunch.com/2017/04/27/snapchat-will-no-longer-show-a-white-border-around-old-memories/, live, WEB, Zack, Gilbert, Snapchat stops putting a white border around old Memories,mobilesyrup.com/2017/04/27/snapchat-stops-putting-white-border-around-old-memories/, MobileSyrup, April 27, 2017, April 28, 2017, August 13, 2018,web.archive.org/web/20180813070949/https://mobilesyrup.com/2017/04/27/snapchat-stops-putting-white-border-around-old-memories/, live, In May 2017, an update made it possible to send snaps with unlimited viewing time,WEB,opo6.com/, Snapchat Apk Download Latest Version for Android {{!, IOS {{!}}Pc|website=opo6|language=en-US|access-date=November 29, 2019|archive-date=November 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124154820opo6.com/|url-status=dead}} dropping the previous ten-second maximum duration, with the content disappearing after being deliberately closed by the recipient. New creative tools, namely the ability to draw with an emoji, videos that play in a loop, and an eraser that lets users remove objects in a photo with the app filling in the space with the background, were also released.WEB, Casey, Newton, Snapchat adds new creative tools as its rivalry with Instagram intensifies,www.theverge.com/2017/5/9/15592738/snapchat-limitless-snaps-looping-videos-magic-eraser-emoji-drawing, The Verge, Vox Media, May 9, 2017, May 9, 2017, November 12, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201112020903/https://www.theverge.com/2017/5/9/15592738/snapchat-limitless-snaps-looping-videos-magic-eraser-emoji-drawing, live, WEB, Josh, Constine, Snapchat’s new eraser lets you photoshop stuff out of photos,techcrunch.com/2017/05/09/snapchat-magic-eraser/, TechCrunch, AOL, May 9, 2017, May 9, 2017, November 24, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201124132426/https://techcrunch.com/2017/05/09/snapchat-magic-eraser/, live, In July 2017, Snapchat started allowing users to add links to snaps, enabling them to direct viewers to specific websites; the feature was only available for brands previously. Additionally, the update added more creative tools: A “Backdrop” feature lets users cut out a specific object from their photo and apply colorful patterns to it in order to bring greater emphasis to that object, and “Voice Filters” enable users to remix the sounds of their voices in the snap. Voice Filters was previously available as part of the feature enabling augmented reality lenses, with the new update adding a dedicated speaker icon to remix the audio in any snap.WEB, Josh, Constine, Snapchat lets you add links, voice filters and backdrops to Snaps,techcrunch.com/2017/07/05/snapchat-links-backdrops-voice-filters/, TechCrunch, AOL, July 5, 2017, July 7, 2017, December 7, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201207190030/https://techcrunch.com/2017/07/05/snapchat-links-backdrops-voice-filters/, live, WEB, Shannon, Liao, Snapchat’s latest update lets you send links to friends,www.theverge.com/2017/7/5/15923834/snapchat-link-sending-update-paperclip-voice-filters-backdrops, The Verge, Vox Media, July 5, 2017, July 7, 2017, November 9, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201109025312/https://www.theverge.com/2017/7/5/15923834/snapchat-link-sending-update-paperclip-voice-filters-backdrops, live, In June 2020, Snap announced “minis”, embeddable apps that live inside the parent Snap app.WEB, Snap announces Minis to bring other apps into Snapchat, The Verge, June 11, 2020, 11 June 2020,www.theverge.com/2020/6/11/21286537/snap-minis-snapchat-partner-summit-2020-announcements, Snap announces Minis to bring other apps into Snapchat, December 11, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201211060208/https://www.theverge.com/2020/6/11/21286537/snap-minis-snapchat-partner-summit-2020-announcements, live, In August 2022, Snap launched the “Family Center” feature which allows parents to monitor the activity of their children, ages 13â€“18, within the app.WEB, Snapchat launches the “Family Center” feature to ensure better parent monitoring,insiderapps.com/news/snapchat-launches-family-center-feature-ensure-better-parent-monitoring, 2022-08-14, Insider Apps, en, August 14, 2022,web.archive.org/web/20220814015033/https://insiderapps.com/news/snapchat-launches-family-center-feature-ensure-better-parent-monitoring, live, In February 2023, Snapchat launched “My AI”, a custom chatbot offering Snapchat+ users access to a mobile version of the AI chatbot ChatGPT.WEB,www.cbsnews.com/news/snapchat-chatgpt-my-ai-openai-chatbot/, Snapchat launches “My AI,” its own ChatGPT-powered chatbot, www.cbsnews.com, February 27, 2023, February 28, 2023, February 28, 2023,web.archive.org/web/20230228024026/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/snapchat-chatgpt-my-ai-openai-chatbot/, live, It followed up by announcing that its customizable My AI chatbot would be accessible to all users within the app in April 2023, a month after OpenAI allowed access to third parties, and would be available for group chats.WEB, Kelly, Samantha, 2023-04-19, Snapchat rolls out chatbot powered by ChatGPT to all users {{!, CNN Business |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/04/19/tech/snapchat-my-ai-bot-chatgpt/index.html |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=CNN |language=en |archive-date=April 20, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230420183117www.cnn.com/2023/04/19/tech/snapchat-my-ai-bot-chatgpt/index.html |url-status=live }}

Filters, lenses, and stickers

Snaps can be personalized with various forms of visual effects and stickers. Geofilters are graphical overlays available if the user is within a certain geographical location, such as a city, event, or destination. Users can design and create their own geofilters for personal events at a fee of $10â€“15 USD per hour. They can also subscribe to an annual plan which ranges from $1,000 to $10,000 depending on the location, for a permanent filter.WEB, Darrell, Etherington, Snapchat Adds Geofilters For Quick Image Location Tags, And A New Revenue Possibility,techcrunch.com/2014/07/15/snapchat-adds-geofilters-for-quick-image-location-tags-and-a-new-revenue-possibility/, TechCrunch, AOL, July 15, 2014, April 10, 2017, November 12, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201112031035/https://consent.yahoo.com/v2/collectConsent?sessionId=3_cc-session_1160e674-c54c-4ecc-9e95-62722222af41, live, A similar feature known as Geostickers was launched in 10 major cities in 2016.WEB, John, Mannes, Snapchat lets the people have Geostickers,techcrunch.com/2016/08/02/snapchat-lets-the-people-have-geostickers/, TechCrunch, AOL, August 2, 2016, April 10, 2017, November 8, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201108095923/https://consent.yahoo.com/v2/collectConsent?sessionId=3_cc-session_b930441d-be2a-4d64-a38e-28ba7e6ea8f5, live, Bitmoji are stickers featuring personalized cartoon avatars, which can be used in snaps and messaging.NEWS, Snapchat builds Bitmojis into app, confirms acquisition of Toronto startup,www.theglobeandmail.com/technology/tech-news/snapchat-builds-bitmojis-into-app-confirms-acquisition/article30975847/, The Globe and Mail, March 24, 2017, November 8, 2020,www.theglobeandmail.com/technology/tech-news/snapchat-builds-bitmojis-into-app-confirms-acquisition/article30975847/," title="web.archive.org/web/20201108104008www.theglobeandmail.com/technology/tech-news/snapchat-builds-bitmojis-into-app-confirms-acquisition/article30975847/,">web.archive.org/web/20201108104008www.theglobeandmail.com/technology/tech-news/snapchat-builds-bitmojis-into-app-confirms-acquisition/article30975847/, live, WEB, Here’s How You Can Use Bitmoji Inside Snapchat,fortune.com/2016/07/19/snapchat-bitmoji-integration/, Fortune, March 24, 2017, August 27, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200827090356/https://fortune.com/2016/07/19/snapchat-bitmoji-integration/, live, Bitmoji characters can also be used as World Lenses.NEWS,www.theverge.com/2017/9/14/16303504/snapchat-bitmoji-world-lenses-animation-gabsee, Snapchat’s Bitmoji avatars are now three-dimensional and animated, The Verge, December 10, 2017, November 12, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201112035755/https://www.theverge.com/2017/9/14/16303504/snapchat-bitmoji-world-lenses-animation-gabsee, live, The “Lens” feature, introduced in September 2015, allows users to add real-time effects into their snaps by using face detection technology. This is activated by long-pressing on a face within the viewfinder.WEB,www.dailydot.com/technology/new-snapchat-selfie-lenses/, How to use Snapchat’s new selfie Lenses, The Daily Dot, September 15, 2015, March 12, 2016, April 17, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200417202644/https://www.dailydot.com/debug/new-snapchat-selfie-lenses/, live, In April 2017, Snapchat extended this feature into “World Lenses”, which use augmented reality technology to integrate 3D rendered elements (such as objects and animated characters) into scenes; these elements are placed and anchored in 3D space.WEB, Casey, Newton, Snapchat adds world lenses to further its push into augmented reality,www.theverge.com/2017/4/18/15333130/snapchat-world-lenses-something-new-for-facebook-to-copy, The Verge, Vox Media, April 18, 2017, December 13, 2017, November 12, 2020,www.theverge.com/2017/4/18/15333130/snapchat-world-lenses-something-new-for-facebook-to-copy," title="web.archive.org/web/20201112034116www.theverge.com/2017/4/18/15333130/snapchat-world-lenses-something-new-for-facebook-to-copy,">web.archive.org/web/20201112034116www.theverge.com/2017/4/18/15333130/snapchat-world-lenses-something-new-for-facebook-to-copy, live, WEB, Darrell, Etherington, Snapchat introduces World Lenses â€“ live filters for just about anything,techcrunch.com/2017/04/18/snapchat-introduces-world-lenses-live-filters-for-just-about-anything/, TechCrunch, Oath Inc., April 18, 2017, April 18, 2017, November 12, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201112033620/https://guce.techcrunch.com/consent?apidSessionId=3_cc-session_a4ab8674-f3f2-45cd-bcde-40b689d382cc&done=https%3A%2F%2Ftechcrunch.com%2F2017%2F04%2F18%2Fsnapchat-introduces-world-lenses-live-filters-for-just-about-anything%2F%3Fguccounter%3D1&lang=&brandType=nonEu&gcrumb=oOa5JAU%3D&trapType=ats&bucketed=false&src=null, live, On October 26, 2018, at TwitchCon, Snap launched the Snap Camera desktop application for macOS and Windows PCs, which enables use of Snapchat lenses in videotelephony and live streaming services such as Skype, Twitch, YouTube, and Zoom. However, this was discontinued in January 2023.WEB, Snapchat help page,help.snapchat.com/hc/en-us/articles/7012304217876, 30 June 2023, help.snapchat.com, Snapchat also launched integration with Twitch, including an in-stream widget for Snapcodes, the ability to offer lenses to stream viewers and as an incentive to channel subscribers. Several video game-themed lenses were also launched at this time, including ones themed around League of Legends, Overwatch, and PlayerUnknown’s Battlegrounds.NEWS,www.engadget.com/2018/10/26/twitch-snap-camera-snapchat-augmented-reality-filters/, Twitch streamers are getting Snap’s AR selfie filters, Engadget, November 6, 2018, en-US, November 9, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201109034816/https://www.engadget.com/2018-10-26-twitch-snap-camera-snapchat-augmented-reality-filters.html, live, NEWS,www.theverge.com/2018/10/26/18026688/snap-camera-snapchat-lenses-twitch-youtube-skype, Snapchat brings its camera to the desktop to add filters to your streaming videos, The Verge, November 6, 2018, November 9, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201109032608/https://www.theverge.com/2018/10/26/18026688/snap-camera-snapchat-lenses-twitch-youtube-skype, live, In August 2020, Snapchat collaborated with four TikTok influencers to launch Augmented Reality (AR) lenses to create a more interactive experience with users. The lenses now incorporate geo-locational mapping techniques to incorporate digital overlays onto real world surfaces. These lenses track 18 joints across the body to identify body movements, and generate effects around the body of the user.WEB, Carman, Ashley, 2020-08-13, Snapchat now has lenses specifically to be used in viral TikTok dance challenges,www.theverge.com/2020/8/13/21365330/snapchat-augmented-reality-lens-tiktok-dance-dixie-damelio, 2020-09-01, The Verge, en, October 31, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201031071049/https://www.theverge.com/2020/8/13/21365330/snapchat-augmented-reality-lens-tiktok-dance-dixie-damelio, live, Advertising is now also utilizing AR lenses that make users a part of the advert. Coca-Cola, Pepsi and Taco Bell are just a select few of the brands now utilizing the tech on Snapchat. Consumers no longer scroll past these adverts, but become a part of them with AR lenses.WEB, 2020-03-12, Snapchat creates augmented reality ads for dummies that basically give the technology away,adage.com/article/digital/snapchat-creates-augmented-reality-ads-dummies-basically-give-technology-away/2244306, 2020-09-01, adage.com, en, October 21, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201021024133/https://adage.com/article/digital/snapchat-creates-augmented-reality-ads-dummies-basically-give-technology-away/2244306, live, In March 2022, Snapchat launched the ability to share YouTube videos as stickers. The stickers function as clickable links that redirect users to a browser or the YouTube app.WEB, Roth, Emma, 2022-04-02, Snapchat now lets you share YouTube videos as a sticker in your snap,www.theverge.com/2022/4/2/23007949/snapchat-share-youtube-videos-sticker, 2022-04-03, The Verge, en,web.archive.org/web/20220402224640/https://www.theverge.com/2022/4/2/23007949/snapchat-share-youtube-videos-sticker, 2022-04-02, live,

Friend emojis

Friend emojis can be customized, however the default emojis are listed below.The snapscore, which states the amount of snaps one has sent and received is recorded and is visible to one’s friends. If users tap their own score it shows the ratio of sent and received snaps, the amount of snaps they have sent is on the right and the amount of snaps they have received is on the left, these numbers combined are their Snapchat score.WEB,zumboly.com/lifestyle/snapchat-scor, Everything You Want To Know About The Highest Snapchat Score, Zumboly, December 14, 2021, December 27, 2021, December 27, 2021, https:web.archive.org/web/20211227043702zumboly.com/lifestyle/snapchat-scor, live, There are multiple synonyms for Snapchat score such as Snapchat points, Snapscore, Snap points and Snap Number.WEB, This is how you increase Snap score {{!, What is Snapchat score?|url=https:snapchatscore.net/content/11-how-to-increase-snap-score-and-what-is-snapchat-score|access-date=2020-10-06|website=snapchatscore.net|archive-date=November 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124203731snapchatscore.net/content/11-how-to-increase-snap-score-and-what-is-snapchat-score|url-status=dead}} YouTube has a similar rewards system called “Perks”.{| class=“wikitable”

support.snapchat.com/en-US/a/friend-emojis, Snapchat Support, Snapchat, May 9, 2017, March 27, 2017,web.archive.org/web/20170327032021/https://support.snapchat.com/en-US/a/friend-emojis, live,

| Appears next to the user’s number 1 Best Friend when they are also their number 1 Best Friend for two months in a row.

|(Best Friend Forever) Appears next to the user’s number 1 Best Friend when they are also their number 1 Best Friend for two weeks in a row.

| Appears next to the user’s number 1 Best Friend when they are also their number 1 Best Friend.

| Appears next to one of the user’s Best Friends.

|Appears next to someone when the user’s number 1 Best Friend is also their number 1 Best Friend.

| Appears next to someone whom the user shares a best friend with.

WORK=SUNTRICS

ACCESS-DATE=SEPTEMBER 28, 2019

ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20190928143310/HTTPS://SUNTRICS.COM/TECH-BLOGS/LONGEST-SNAPCHAT-STREAK-A-BRIEF-GUIDE/, live,

| Appears next to someone’s name if the user’s Snapstreak is going to end soon.

| Appears next to someone when it is their birthday.

Stories and Discover

In October 2013, Snapchat introduced the “My Story” feature, which allows users to compile snaps into chronological storylines, accessible to all of their friends.WEB, Darrell, Etherington, Snapchat Gets Its Own Timeline With Snapchat Stories, 24-Hour Photo & Video Tales,techcrunch.com/2013/10/03/snapchat-gets-its-own-timeline-with-snapchat-stories-24-hour-photo-video-tales/, TechCrunch, AOL, October 3, 2013, April 10, 2017, December 25, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201225001831/https://techcrunch.com/2013/10/03/snapchat-gets-its-own-timeline-with-snapchat-stories-24-hour-photo-video-tales/, live, WEB, Ellis, Hamburger, Snapchat’s next big thing: ‘Stories’ that don’t just disappear,www.theverge.com/2013/10/3/4791934/snapchats-next-big-thing-stories-that-dont-just-disappear, The Verge, Vox Media, October 3, 2013, April 27, 2017, December 11, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201211213608/https://www.theverge.com/2013/10/3/4791934/snapchats-next-big-thing-stories-that-dont-just-disappear, live, By June 2014, photo and video snaps presented to friends in the Stories functionality had surpassed person-to-person private snaps as the most frequently used function of the service, with over one billion viewed per dayâ€”double the daily views tallied in April 2014.WEB, Ellis, Hamburger, Surprise: Snapchat’s most popular feature isn’t snaps anymore,www.theverge.com/2014/6/20/5827666/snapchat-stories-bigger-than-snaps-electric-daisy-carnival, The Verge, Vox Media, June 20, 2014, April 10, 2017, November 12, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201112002936/https://www.theverge.com/2014/6/20/5827666/snapchat-stories-bigger-than-snaps-electric-daisy-carnival, live, In June 2014, the story feature was expanded to incorporate “Our Stories”, which was then changed to “Live Stories” about a year later. The feature allows users on-location at specific events (such as music festivals or sporting events) to contribute snaps to a curated story advertised to all users, showcasing a single event from multiple perspectives and viewpoints. These curated snaps provided by the app’s contributors and selected for the “Live” section could also be more localized, but Snapchat eventually scaled back the more personal imaging streams in order to emphasize public events.WEB, Carl, Franzen, Snapchat lets you watch and create group videos of live events with ‘Our Story’,www.theverge.com/2014/8/29/6084221/snapchat-our-story-collective-snaps-from-live-events, The Verge, Vox Media, August 29, 2014, April 10, 2017, November 12, 2020,www.theverge.com/2014/8/29/6084221/snapchat-our-story-collective-snaps-from-live-events," title="web.archive.org/web/20201112032139www.theverge.com/2014/8/29/6084221/snapchat-our-story-collective-snaps-from-live-events,">web.archive.org/web/20201112032139www.theverge.com/2014/8/29/6084221/snapchat-our-story-collective-snaps-from-live-events, live, WEB,blog.snapchat.com/post/89064817345/introducing-our-story, Snapchat â€“ Introducing Our Story, Snapchat Blog, May 16, 2015, dead,blog.snapchat.com/post/89064817345/introducing-our-story," title="web.archive.org/web/20150522175232blog.snapchat.com/post/89064817345/introducing-our-story,">web.archive.org/web/20150522175232blog.snapchat.com/post/89064817345/introducing-our-story, May 22, 2015, WEB,www.dailydot.com/technology/snapchat-new-years-times-square/, Your Snapchat photo could wind up in Times Square tonight, The Daily Dot, December 31, 2014, May 16, 2015, June 26, 2018,web.archive.org/web/20180626054748/https://www.dailydot.com/debug/snapchat-new-years-times-square/, live, WEB, Kurt, Wagner, Snapchat Is Making Some Pretty Serious Money From Live Stories,www.recode.net/2015/6/17/11563634/snapchats-making-some-pretty-serious-money-from-live-stories, Recode, Vox Media, June 17, 2015, April 10, 2017, April 29, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190429210450/https://www.recode.net/2015/6/17/11563634/snapchats-making-some-pretty-serious-money-from-live-stories, live, WEB, P. Claire, Dodson, Why Snapchat’s Live Stories Are The Most Powerful New Social Media,www.fastcompany.com/3052322/why-snapchats-live-stories-are-the-most-powerful-new-social-media, Fast Company (magazine), Fast Company, Mansueto Ventures, October 21, 2015, April 10, 2017, November 27, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201127012020/https://www.fastcompany.com/3052322/why-snapchats-live-stories-are-the-most-powerful-new-social-media, live, WEB, Jacob, Kastrenakes, Snapchat ends local Stories to focus on live events,www.theverge.com/2016/9/7/12830618/snapchat-ends-local-stories-for-cities, The Verge, Vox Media, September 7, 2016, April 10, 2017, November 8, 2020,www.theverge.com/2016/9/7/12830618/snapchat-ends-local-stories-for-cities," title="web.archive.org/web/20201108091535www.theverge.com/2016/9/7/12830618/snapchat-ends-local-stories-for-cities,">web.archive.org/web/20201108091535www.theverge.com/2016/9/7/12830618/snapchat-ends-local-stories-for-cities, live, An “Official Stories” designation was added in November 2015 to denote the public stories of notable figures and celebrities, similar to Twitter’s “Verified account” program.WEB, Casey, Newton, Snapchat rolls out ‘official stories’ to verify celebrity accounts,www.theverge.com/2015/11/13/9731440/snapchat-verified-accounts, The Verge, Vox Media, November 13, 2015, April 10, 2017, November 8, 2020,www.theverge.com/2015/11/13/9731440/snapchat-verified-accounts," title="web.archive.org/web/20201108113558www.theverge.com/2015/11/13/9731440/snapchat-verified-accounts,">web.archive.org/web/20201108113558www.theverge.com/2015/11/13/9731440/snapchat-verified-accounts, live, In January 2015, Snapchat introduced “Discover” an area containing channels of ad-supported short-form content from major publishers, including BuzzFeed, CNN, ESPN, Mashable, People, Vice and Snapchat itself among others.WEB, P. Claire, Dodson, A Millennial Reveals The Best, Worst, and Most Meh Snapchat Discover Channels,www.fastcompany.com/3052320/a-millennial-reveals-the-best-worst-and-most-meh-snapchat-discover-channels, Fast Company (magazine), Fast Company, Mansueto Ventures, October 22, 2015, April 10, 2017, November 8, 2020,www.fastcompany.com/3052320/a-millennial-reveals-the-best-worst-and-most-meh-snapchat-discover-channels," title="web.archive.org/web/20201108171401www.fastcompany.com/3052320/a-millennial-reveals-the-best-worst-and-most-meh-snapchat-discover-channels,">web.archive.org/web/20201108171401www.fastcompany.com/3052320/a-millennial-reveals-the-best-worst-and-most-meh-snapchat-discover-channels, live, WEB, Amit, Chowdhry, Snapchat’s New ‘Discover’ Feature Has Content From ESPN, CNN, Food Network And Others,www.forbes.com/sites/amitchowdhry/2015/01/28/snapchat-discover/, Forbes, January 28, 2015, April 10, 2017, April 24, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190424103521/https://www.forbes.com/sites/amitchowdhry/2015/01/28/snapchat-discover/, live, WEB, Paresh, Dave, David, Pierson, Cheap content, growing reach make Snapchat a fast-rising star,www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-snapchat-new-business-20150417-story.html, Los Angeles Times, April 16, 2015, April 10, 2017, August 4, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200804020530/https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-snapchat-new-business-20150417-story.html, live, To address data usage concerns related to these functions, a “Travel Mode” option was added in August 2015. When activated, the feature prevents the automatic downloading of snaps until they are explicitly requested by the user.WEB, Sam, Sheffer, Snapchat has a new feature to stop you from wasting data,www.theverge.com/2015/8/10/9126923/snapchat-data-usage-update-travel-mode-emoji-snapcode, The Verge, Vox Media, August 10, 2015, April 10, 2017, November 11, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201111180712/https://www.theverge.com/2015/8/10/9126923/snapchat-data-usage-update-travel-mode-emoji-snapcode, live, In October 2016, the app was updated to replace its auto-advance functionality, which automatically moved users from one story to the next, with a “Story Playlist” feature, letting users select thumbnails of users in the list to play only selected stories.WEB, Josh, Constine, Snapchat launches post-roll ads, Story Playlist that loads favorites in bulk,techcrunch.com/2016/10/07/snapchat-story-playlist/, TechCrunch, AOL, October 7, 2016, July 7, 2017, November 25, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201125151254/https://techcrunch.com/2016/10/07/snapchat-story-playlist/, live, WEB, Marty, Swant, Snapchat Is Ditching Auto Advance Stories in Favor of Playlists,www.adweek.com/digital/snapchat-ditching-auto-advance-stories-favor-playlists-173964/, Adweek, Beringer Capital, October 7, 2016, July 7, 2017, August 13, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200813145539/https://www.adweek.com/digital/snapchat-ditching-auto-advance-stories-favor-playlists-173964/, live, In January 2017, Snapchat revamped its design, adding search functionality and a new global live “Our Story” feature, to which any user can contribute.WEB, Karissa, Bell, This is not a drill: Snapchat is about to get a major redesign,mashable.com/2017/01/12/snapchat-redesign-search-bar/, Mashable, January 13, 2017, May 23, 2017, November 12, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201112015406/https://mashable.com/2017/01/12/snapchat-redesign-search-bar/?europe=true, live, In May 2017, Snapchat introduced “Custom Stories”, letting users collaboratively make stories combining their captures.WEB, Casey, Newton, Snapchat introduces custom stories for capturing group moments with friends,www.theverge.com/2017/5/23/15677712/snapchat-custom-stories-launch, The Verge, Vox Media, May 23, 2017, May 23, 2017, November 12, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201112004425/https://www.theverge.com/2017/5/23/15677712/snapchat-custom-stories-launch, live, WEB, Darrell, Etherington, Snapchat now lets you create custom stories for groups of friends and family,techcrunch.com/2017/05/23/snapchat-now-lets-you-create-custom-stories-for-groups-of-friends-and-family/, TechCrunch, AOL, May 23, 2017, May 23, 2017, November 11, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201111235656/https://consent.yahoo.com/v2/collectConsent?sessionId=3_cc-session_d14eabbd-15fc-45a3-ac4b-9968ca4edc90, live, In June 2017, “Snap Map” was introduced, which allows users to optionally share their location with friends. A map display, accessible from the viewfinder, can be used to locate stories based on location data, supporting the use of Bitmoji as place markers. Entering a “Ghost Mode” hides the user from the map.WEB, Josh, Constine, Snapchat launches location-sharing feature Snap Map,techcrunch.com/2017/06/21/snap-map/, TechCrunch, AOL, June 21, 2017, June 23, 2017, January 19, 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210119105655/https://techcrunch.com/2017/06/21/snap-map/, live, WEB, Chris, Welch, Snapchat’s new Snap Map lets you share your location with friends,www.theverge.com/2017/6/21/15846358/snapchat-snap-map-location-sharing-feature-announced, The Verge, Vox Media, June 21, 2017, June 23, 2017, November 11, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201111174854/https://www.theverge.com/2017/6/21/15846358/snapchat-snap-map-location-sharing-feature-announced, live, The function is based on the app Zenly, which was acquired by Snap Inc. prior to its launch.WEB, Josh, Constine, Snapchat acquires social map app Zenly for $250M to $350M,techcrunch.com/2017/06/21/snapchat-buys-zenly/, TechCrunch, AOL, June 21, 2017, June 23, 2017, November 12, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201112011006/https://consent.yahoo.com/v2/collectConsent?sessionId=3_cc-session_59080784-e523-4c79-9c29-6cf317a7a167, live, The map data is supplied from OpenStreetMap and Mapbox, while satellite imagery comes from DigitalGlobe.WEB,streetfightmag.com/2017/07/10/snapchat-expands-its-foray-into-local-with-snap-map/, Snapchat Expands Its Foray Into Local with Snap Map, Rollison, Damian, Street Fight, July 10, 2017, September 22, 2017, December 25, 2020,streetfightmag.com/2017/07/10/snapchat-expands-its-foray-into-local-with-snap-map," title="web.archive.org/web/20201225175209streetfightmag.com/2017/07/10/snapchat-expands-its-foray-into-local-with-snap-map,">web.archive.org/web/20201225175209streetfightmag.com/2017/07/10/snapchat-expands-its-foray-into-local-with-snap-map, live, In February 2020, Snapchat released a Discover cartoon series called Bitmoji TV, which will star users’ avatars.WEB,techcrunch.com/2019/12/28/bitmoji-tv-snapchat/, Snapchat will launch Bitmoji TV, a personalized cartoon show, TechCrunch, December 29, 2019, en-US, December 29, 2019, March 7, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200307123203/https://techcrunch.com/2019/12/28/bitmoji-tv-snapchat/, live,

Original video content

The Wall Street Journal reported in May 2017 that Snap Inc., the company developing Snapchat, had signed deals with NBCUniversal, A&E Networks, BBC, ABC, Metroâ€“Goldwynâ€“Mayer and other content producers to develop original shows for viewing through Snapchat’s “Stories” format. According to the report, Snap hoped to have several new shows available on a daily basis, with each show lasting between three and five minutes, and the company has sent out detailed reports to its partners on how to produce content for Snapchat. Over 2017 and 2018, Snap and partners launched several shows.WEB, Shalini, Ramachandran, Media Companies Line Up to Make Shows for Snap TV,www.wsj.com/articles/media-companies-line-up-to-make-shows-for-snap-tv-1493890205, The Wall Street Journal, May 4, 2017, July 7, 2017, January 27, 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210127014536/https://www.wsj.com/articles/media-companies-line-up-to-make-shows-for-snap-tv-1493890205, live, {{subscription required}}WEB, Roger, Fingas, Snap signs major network deals for Snapchat TV shows,appleinsider.com/articles/17/05/04/snap-signs-major-network-deals-for-snapchat-tv-shows, AppleInsider, May 4, 2017, July 7, 2017, August 30, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190830070010/https://appleinsider.com/articles/17/05/04/snap-signs-major-network-deals-for-snapchat-tv-shows, live, WEB, Mitchel, Broussard, Snapchat Plans Original TV Shows Lasting 3-5 Minutes Each, Partners Include ABC, HGTV, and More,www.macrumors.com/2017/05/04/snapchat-original-tv-shows/, MacRumors, May 4, 2017, July 7, 2017, November 11, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201111232359/https://www.macrumors.com/2017/05/04/snapchat-original-tv-shows/, live, In, 2018 Snapchat and Vertical Networks (Snapchat Publisher Story) created a show called My Ex-BFF Court,” which is a spoof of daytime-TV fare like the typical court shows we watch for example “Divorce Court” in which two ex-friends try to fix their problems. Who ever is guilty gets a funny sentence. Each episode is hosted by Judge Matteo Lane who is also known as Matthew Lane.WEB, Spangler, Todd, 2018-11-14, Snapchat to Bow ‘My Ex-BFF Court’ Parody Series from Elisabeth Murdoch’s Vertical Networks,variety.com/2018/digital/news/snapchat-my-ex-bff-court-vertical-networks-1203028795/, 2022-08-23, Variety, en-US, December 25, 2022,web.archive.org/web/20221225033910/https://variety.com/2018/digital/news/snapchat-my-ex-bff-court-vertical-networks-1203028795/, live, In 2018, Snapchat / Vertical Networks made a deal with Fox to make a television version of the dating reality show Phone Swap.WEB, Andreeva, Nellie, 2018-05-07, ‘Phone Swap’: Fox TV Stations Set Summer Run For Snapchat Dating Show From Elisabeth Murdoch’s Company,deadline.com/2018/05/phone-swap-snapchat-dating-show-premiere-fox-station-summer-limited-series-elisabeth-murdoch-1202382205/, 2022-09-26, Deadline, en-US, September 26, 2022,web.archive.org/web/20220926162744/https://deadline.com/2018/05/phone-swap-snapchat-dating-show-premiere-fox-station-summer-limited-series-elisabeth-murdoch-1202382205/, live, In 2018, Snapchat got a new show called (How Low Will You Go: Snapchat (TV Series)|How Low Will You Go) that was created by Above Average Productions and NBC.WEB, Above Average Steers Focus to Original Comedy Series for TV, Digital Services,www.yahoo.com/news/above-average-steers-focus-original-221245628.html, 2022-09-03, www.yahoo.com, January 18, 2018, en-US, September 3, 2022,web.archive.org/web/20220903185353/https://www.yahoo.com/news/above-average-steers-focus-original-221245628.html, live, (File:Snap on smartphone.jpg|thumb|right|Example Snapchat “snap” on a smartphone)In contrast to other messaging apps, Spiegel described Snapchat’s messaging functions as being “conversational”, rather than “transactional”, as they sought to replicate the conversations he engaged in with friends. Spiegel stated that he did not experience conversational interactions while using the products of competitors like iMessage.Rather than a traditional online notification, a blue pulsing “here” button is displayed within the sender’s chat window if the recipient is currently viewing their own chat window. When this button is held down, a video chat function is immediately launched. By default, messages disappear after they are read, and a notification is sent to the recipient only when they start to type. Users can also use messages to reply to snaps that are part of a story.WEB, Casey, Newton, Snapchat introduces a ‘lens store’ to adorn your selfies with 99-cent filters,www.theverge.com/2015/11/13/9700312/snapchat-lens-store, The Verge, Vox Media, November 13, 2015, April 10, 2017, November 8, 2020,www.theverge.com/2015/11/13/9700312/snapchat-lens-store," title="web.archive.org/web/20201108105915www.theverge.com/2015/11/13/9700312/snapchat-lens-store,">web.archive.org/web/20201108105915www.theverge.com/2015/11/13/9700312/snapchat-lens-store, live, The video chat feature uses technology from AddLiveâ€”a real-time communications provider that Snapchat acquired prior to the feature’s launch.WEB, Ellis, Hamburger, Snapchat made a secret acquisition to power its new video chat,www.theverge.com/2014/5/2/5676196/snapchat-acquires-addlive-video-chat, The Verge, Vox Media, May 2, 2014, April 10, 2017, December 12, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201212190045/https://www.theverge.com/2014/5/2/5676196/snapchat-acquires-addlive-video-chat, live, In regards to the “Here” indicator, Spiegel explained that “the accepted notion of an online indicator that every chat service has is really a negative indicator. It means ‘my friend is available and doesn’t want to talk to you,’ versus this idea in Snapchat where ‘my friend is here and is giving you their full attention.’” Spiegel further claimed that the Here video function prevents the awkwardness that can arise from apps that use typing indicators because, with text communication, conversations lose their fluidity as each user tries to avoid typing at the same time.WEB, Ellis, Hamburger, Real talk: the new Snapchat brilliantly mixes video and texting,www.theverge.com/2014/5/1/5670260/real-talk-the-new-snapchat-makes-texting-fun-again-video-calls, The Verge, Vox Media, May 1, 2014, April 10, 2017, November 12, 2020,www.theverge.com/2014/5/1/5670260/real-talk-the-new-snapchat-makes-texting-fun-again-video-calls," title="web.archive.org/web/20201112004043www.theverge.com/2014/5/1/5670260/real-talk-the-new-snapchat-makes-texting-fun-again-video-calls,">web.archive.org/web/20201112004043www.theverge.com/2014/5/1/5670260/real-talk-the-new-snapchat-makes-texting-fun-again-video-calls, live, On March 29, 2016, Snapchat launched a major revision of the messaging functionality known as “Chat 2.0”, adding stickers, easier access to audio and video conferencing, the ability to leave audio or video “notes”, and the ability to share recent camera photos. The implementation of these features are meant to allow users to easily shift between text, audio, and video chat as needed while retaining an equal level of functionality.WEB, Casey, Newton, Snapchat redesigns chat to add stickers, audio, and video notes,www.theverge.com/2016/3/29/11321150/snapchat-chat-redesign-stickers-audio-video-notes, The Verge, Vox Media, March 29, 2016, April 10, 2017, November 21, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201121222818/https://www.theverge.com/2016/3/29/11321150/snapchat-chat-redesign-stickers-audio-video-notes, live, In June 2018, Snapchat added the feature of deleting a sent message (including; audio, video, and text) before it is read.NEWS,www.theverge.com/2018/6/11/17449906/snapchat-delete-unopened-sent-messages-spectacles-amazon, Snapchat now lets you delete unopened sent messages, The Verge, June 12, 2018, November 9, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201109040326/https://www.theverge.com/2018/6/11/17449906/snapchat-delete-unopened-sent-messages-spectacles-amazon, live, NEWS,9to5mac.com/2018/06/11/snapchat-delete-sent-messages-spectacles-amazon/, Snapchat update lets you delete sent messages, Spectacles hit Amazonâ€¤com, June 11, 2018, 9to5Mac, June 12, 2018, en-US, August 3, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200803181024/https://9to5mac.com/2018/06/11/snapchat-delete-sent-messages-spectacles-amazon/, live, A feature introduced in August 2018 allows users to send Musical GIFs, TuneMojis.NEWS,www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-musical-gifs-tunemoji-2018-8, You can now send musical GIFs to Snapchat, Business Insider, August 27, 2018, December 25, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20191225035524/https://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-musical-gifs-tunemoji-2018-8, live, NEWS,www.standard.co.uk/tech/snapchat-tunemoji-music-gifs-a3918361.html, You can now send music GIFs in Snapchat with TuneMoji, Evening Standard, August 27, 2018, en-GB, June 13, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190613172431/https://www.standard.co.uk/tech/snapchat-tunemoji-music-gifs-a3918361.html, live, In August 2022, Snap Inc. announced it would discontinue all original scripted content with no plans to continue work in this direction.WEB, Heath, Alex, Snap is canceling several projects and laying off 20 percent of employees,www.theverge.com/2022/8/31/23330123/snap-layoffs-announced-original-shows-canceled-games-mini-apps, The Verge, 31 August 2022, 31 August 2022, August 31, 2022,web.archive.org/web/20220831143126/https://www.theverge.com/2022/8/31/23330123/snap-layoffs-announced-original-shows-canceled-games-mini-apps, live,

Encryption

In January 2018, Snapchat introduced the use of end-to-end encryption in the application but only for snaps (pictures and video), according to a Snapchat security engineer presenting at the January 2019 Real World Crypto Conference.NEWS,www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2019/01/09/snapchat-adds-end-to-end-encryption-protect-users-messages/,ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2019/01/09/snapchat-adds-end-to-end-encryption-protect-users-messages/, January 10, 2022, subscription, live, Snapchat adds end-to-end encryption to protect users’ messages, The Telegraph, January 10, 2019, June 4, 2020, {{cbignore}}NEWS,rwc.iacr.org/2019/slides/snap.pdf, Catch Me if You Can: An Account Based End-to-end Encryption for 1/1 Snaps, International Association for Cryptologic Research, January 2019, June 4, 2020, January 20, 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210120232956/https://rwc.iacr.org/2019/slides/snap.pdf, live, NEWS,www.youtube.com/watch?v=9xePC0Tyeuc&feature=youtu.be&t=5484, Real World Crypto 2019 â€“ Day 1 â€“ Session 1 â€“ Morning â€“ part 1, YouTube, January 9, 2019, June 4, 2020, January 1, 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210101210051/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9xePC0Tyeuc, live, As of the January 2019 conference Snapchat had plans to introduce end-to-end encryption for text messages and group chats in the future.NEWS,www.digitalinformationworld.com/2019/01/snapchat-end-to-end-encryption-users-media-messages.html, Finally: Snapchat comes up with end-to-end encryption to secure users conversations and data, Digital Information World, January 11, 2019, June 4, 2020, January 28, 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210128054339/https://www.digitalinformationworld.com/2019/01/snapchat-end-to-end-encryption-users-media-messages.html, live,

Business and multimedia

Demographics

From its earliest days, Snapchat’s main demographic has consisted of the Generation Z age group. On the app store, the age classification is 12+.WEB,digiday.com/platforms/snapchat-pitching-brands-agencies/, Pitch deck: How Snapchat is selling itself to marketers â€“ Digiday, Digiday, August 4, 2014, May 16, 2015, October 1, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201001165328/https://digiday.com/media/snapchat-pitching-brands-agencies/, live, In 2014, researchers from the University of Washington and Seattle Pacific University designed a user survey to help understand how and why the application was being used. The researchers originally hypothesized that due to the ephemeral nature of Snapchat messages, its use would be predominantly for privacy-sensitive content including the much talked about potential use for sexual content and sexting.BOOK, Roesner, Franziska, Brian T, Gill, Tadayoshi, Kohno, Financial Cryptography and Data Security, Sex, Lies, or Kittens? Investigating the Use of Snapchat’s Self-Destructing Messages, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2014, 8437, 64â€“76, 10.1007/978-3-662-45472-5_5, 978-3-662-45471-8, 9435486,homes.cs.washington.edu/~yoshi/papers/snapchat-FC2014.pdf, February 11, 2016, August 8, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200808005340/https://homes.cs.washington.edu/~yoshi/papers/snapchat-FC2014.pdf, live, However, it appears that Snapchat is used for a variety of creative purposes that are not necessarily privacy-related at all.In the study, only 1.6% of respondents reported using Snapchat primarily for sexting, although 14.2% admitted to having sent sexual content via Snapchat at some point. These findings suggest that users do not seem to utilize Snapchat for sensitive content. Rather, the primary use for Snapchat was found to be for comedic content such as “stupid faces” with 59.8% of respondents reporting this use most commonly. The researchers also determined how Snapchat users do not use the application and what types of content they are not willing to send. They found that the majority of users are not willing to send content classified as sexting (74.8% of respondents), photos of documents (85.0% of respondents), messages containing legally questionable content (86.6% of respondents), or content considered mean or insulting (93.7% of respondents).The study results also suggested that Snapchat’s success is not due to its security properties, but because the users found the application to be fun. The researchers found that users seem to be well-aware (79.4% of respondents) that recovering snaps is possible and a majority of users (52.8% of respondents) report that this does not affect their behavior and use of Snapchat. Many users (52.8% of respondents) were found to use an arbitrary timeout length on snaps regardless of the content type or recipient. The remaining respondents were found to adjust their snaps’ timeout depending on the content or the recipient. Reasons for adjusting the time length of snaps included the level of trust and relationship with the recipient, the time needed to comprehend the snap, and avoiding screenshots.

Communication

Snapchat has often been seen to represent a new direction in social media, with its users craving a more in-the-moment way of sharing and communicating via technology. With less emphasis on the accumulation of an ongoing status involving the presence of permanent material, Snapchat put the focus on the ephemeral nature of fleeting encounters.Casey Johnston, “Snachat, Instagram Stories, And The Internet Of Forgetting” {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108163903www.newyorker.com/tech/annals-of-technology/snapchat-instagram-stories-and-the-internet-of-forgetting |date=November 8, 2020 }}, The New Yorker, August 5, 2016. Retrieved August 6, 2016.Building on this distinction by launching as a mobile-first company, Snapchat, in the midst of the app revolution and the growing presence of cellular communication, did not have to make the transition to mobile in the way other competing social media networks had to do. Evan Spiegel himself described Snapchat as primarily a camera company.Ben Basche, “Ghost in the machine: Snapchat isn’t mobile-firstâ€Š â€“ â€Šit’s something else entirely” {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101022644www.freecodecamp.org/news/ghost-in-the-machine-snapchat-isnt-mobile-first-it-s-something-else-entirely-4f6c265152a2#.sqvrq1k2w |date=November 1, 2020 }}, ibtimes.com, July 28, 2016. Retrieved August 6, 2016.WEB, D.J., Sherrets, According to its cofounder and CEO Snapchat is mainly “a camera company”,techcrunch.com/2016/04/30/according-to-its-cofounder-and-ceo-snapchat-is-mainly-a-camera-company/, TechCrunch, AOL, April 30, 2016, April 10, 2017, February 8, 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210208132846/https://techcrunch.com/2016/04/30/according-to-its-cofounder-and-ceo-snapchat-is-mainly-a-camera-company/, live, Spiegel also dismissed past comparisons to other social media networks such as Facebook and Twitter when he was asked if the 2016 presidential race was going to be remembered as the Snapchat election, although major candidates did occasionally use the app to reach voters.Kerry Flynn, “Snapchat CEO Evan Spiegel To Stephen Colbert: Despite GOP Embrace, 2016 White House Race Definitely Not The Snapchat Election” {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815203231www.ibtimes.com/snapchat-ceo-evan-spiegel-stephen-colbert-despite-gop-embrace-2016-white-house-race-2122481 |date=August 15, 2020 }}, ibtimes.com, October 1, 2015. Retrieved August 6, 2016. Nevertheless, the growing mobile app moved to offer distinct publication, media, and news content within its Discover channel, as well as with its overall style of presentation. With Snapchat, a clear and identifiable line was drawn between brand content and user-based messaging and sharing, once again distinguishing the popular app from other social media networks, which typically have blended and blurred their different varieties of content.Matthew Hussey, “Snapchat’s Discover channel is quietly ruining the social network” {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108125953thenextweb.com/insider/2016/05/04/story-snapchats-confusing-discover-feed/ |date=November 8, 2020 }}, thenextweb.com, May 8, 2016. Retrieved August 6, 2016.

Monetization

Snapchat’s developing features embody a deliberate strategy of monetization.Snapchat announced its then-upcoming advertising efforts on October 17, 2014, when it acknowledged its need for a revenue stream.WEB, Garett, Sloane, Snapchat Says Ads Are Coming This Weekend: ‘We Need the Money’,www.adweek.com/digital/snapchat-says-ads-are-coming-weekend-we-need-money-160857/, Adweek, Beringer Capital, October 17, 2014, June 20, 2017, December 11, 2018,web.archive.org/web/20181211152252/https://www.adweek.com/digital/snapchat-says-ads-are-coming-weekend-we-need-money-160857/, live, The company stated that it wanted to evaluate “if we can deliver an experience that’s fun and informative, the way ads used to be, before they got creepy and targeted.“WEB, Stuart, Dredge, Snapchat messaging app gets its first ad... and it’s very creepy,www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/oct/20/snapchat-messaging-app-ad-creepy-ouija, The Guardian, October 20, 2014, June 20, 2017, April 21, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200421233708/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/oct/20/snapchat-messaging-app-ad-creepy-ouija, live, Snapchat’s first paid advertisement, in the form of a 20-second movie trailer for the horror film Ouija, was shown to users on October 19, 2014.WEB, Karissa, Bell, Snapchat Freaks Out Users With First Ad for ‘Ouija’,mashable.com/2014/10/18/snapchat-ouija-ad/, Mashable, October 19, 2014, June 20, 2017, April 24, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190424084611/https://mashable.com/2014/10/18/snapchat-ouija-ad/, live, WEB, Marc, Graser, Snapchat Scares Up Advertising Business with ‘Ouija’,variety.com/2014/film/news/snapchat-scares-up-advertising-business-with-ouija-1201334130/, Variety (magazine), Variety, Penske Media Corporation, October 19, 2014, June 20, 2017, January 25, 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210125021527/https://variety.com/2014/film/news/snapchat-scares-up-advertising-business-with-ouija-1201334130/, live, In January 2015, Snapchat began making a shift from focusing on growth to monetization. The company launched its “Discover” feature, which allowed for paid advertising by presenting short-form content from publishers. Its initial launch partners included CNN, Comedy Central, ESPN and Food Network, among others.WEB, Alyson, Shontell, Advertisers are supposedly paying insanely high rates to get their ads on Snapchat,www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-discover-ad-rates-2015-3, Business Insider, Axel Springer SE, March 12, 2015, April 10, 2017, February 28, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200228062854/https://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-discover-ad-rates-2015-3, live, In June 2015, Snapchat announced that it would allow advertisers to purchase sponsored geofilters for snaps; an early customer of the offering was McDonald’s, who paid for a branded geofilter covering its restaurant locations in the United States.WEB, Fitz, Tepper, Snapchat Turns Geofilters Into An Ad Unit,techcrunch.com/2015/06/16/snapchat-begins-charging-for-sponsored-geofilters/, TechCrunch, AOL, June 16, 2015, April 10, 2017, November 30, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201130170506/https://techcrunch.com/2015/06/16/snapchat-begins-charging-for-sponsored-geofilters/, live, Snapchat made a push to earn ad revenue from its “Live Stories” feature in 2015, after initially launching the feature in 2014. Ad placements can be sold within a live story, or a story can be pitched by a sponsor. Live stories are estimated to reach an average of 20 million viewers in a 24-hour span.

Campaigns

In September 2015, the service entered into a partnership with the National Football League to present live stories from selected games (including a Sunday game, and marquee games such as Monday Night Football and Thursday Night Football), with both parties contributing content and handling ad sales.WEB,www.recode.net/2015/9/17/11618660/snapchat-inks-nfl-deal-to-bring-football-into-its-live-stories, Snapchat Inks NFL Deal to Bring Football Into Its Live Stories, Wagner, Kurt, September 17, 2015, Recode, Vox Media, April 10, 2017, December 8, 2018,web.archive.org/web/20181208131159/https://www.recode.net/2015/9/17/11618660/snapchat-inks-nfl-deal-to-bring-football-into-its-live-stories, live, The 2015 Internet Trends Report by Mary Meeker highlighted the significant growth of vertical video viewing. Vertical video ads like Snapchat’s are watched in their entirety nine times more than landscape video ads.WEB,www.kleinerperkins.com/perspectives/2015-internet-trends, 2015 Internet Trends, Kleiner Perkins, en, August 24, 2018, October 6, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20191006052609/https://www.kleinerperkins.com/perspectives/2015-internet-trends/, live, In 2016, Gatorade came out with an animated filter as part of the Super Bowl ads in 2016.WEB,forbusiness.snapchat.com/success-stories/gatorade-lens/, Gatorade Lens, Snapchat, March 18, 2018, November 18, 2018,web.archive.org/web/20181118162852/https://forbusiness.snapchat.com/success-stories/gatorade-lens/, dead, The dunk lens of Gatorade received 165 million views on Snapchat.WEB,digiday.com/marketing/inside-gatorades-digital-ad-playbook-snapchat-facebook/, Gatorade’s Super Bowl Snapchat filter got 160 million impressions, DIGIDAY UK, February 18, 2016, Garett Sloane, March 18, 2018, October 31, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201031131104/https://digiday.com/marketing/inside-gatorades-digital-ad-playbook-snapchat-facebook/, live, In April 2016, NBC Olympics announced that it had reached a deal with Snapchat to allow stories from the 2016 Summer Olympics to be featured on Snapchat in the United States. The content would include a behind-the-scenes Discover channel curated by BuzzFeed (a company which NBCUniversal has funded), and stories featuring a combination of footage from NBC, athletes, and attendees. NBC sold advertising and entered into revenue sharing agreements. This marked the first time NBC allowed Olympics footage to be featured on third-party property.NEWS,www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-04-29/snapchat-scores-unprecedented-deal-with-nbc-to-showcase-olympics, Snapchat Scores Unique Deal With NBC to Showcase Olympics, Bloomberg.com, April 29, 2016, April 30, 2016, In May 2016, as part of a campaign to promote (X-Men: Apocalypse), 20th Century Fox paid for the entire array of lenses to be replaced by those based on characters from the X-Men series and films for a single day.WEB, Lauren, Johnson, 20th Century Fox Buys First Snapchat Lens Takeover Ad,www.adweek.com/digital/twentieth-century-fox-buys-first-snapchat-lens-takeover-ad-171639/, Adweek, Beringer Capital, May 23, 2016, June 20, 2017, November 27, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201127210626/https://www.adweek.com/digital/twentieth-century-fox-buys-first-snapchat-lens-takeover-ad-171639/, live, In July 2016, it was reported that Snapchat had submitted a patent application for the process of using an object recognition system to deliver sponsored filters based on objects seen in a camera view.WEB, James, Vincent, Snapchat applies for patent to serve ads by recognizing objects in your snaps,www.theverge.com/2016/7/18/12211292/snapchat-object-recognition-advertising, The Verge, Vox Media, July 18, 2016, April 10, 2017, November 8, 2020,www.theverge.com/2016/7/18/12211292/snapchat-object-recognition-advertising," title="web.archive.org/web/20201108142348www.theverge.com/2016/7/18/12211292/snapchat-object-recognition-advertising,">web.archive.org/web/20201108142348www.theverge.com/2016/7/18/12211292/snapchat-object-recognition-advertising, live, Later that year, in September 2016, Snapchat released its first hardware product, called the Spectacles. Evan Spiegel, CEO of Snap Inc., called it “a toy” but saw it as an upside to freeing his app from smartphone cameras.NEWS,latestgadgets.tech/2016/09/24/snapchat-launches-camera-sunglasses/, Snapchat launches camera sunglasses, and they’re very expensive â€¢ Latest Gadgets, September 24, 2016, Latest Gadgets, June 13, 2018, en-US, December 24, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201224222340/https://latestgadgets.tech/2016/09/24/snapchat-launches-camera-sunglasses/, live, In April 2017, Digiday reported that Snapchat would launch a self-service manager for advertising on the platform.MAGAZINE, Tanya, Dua, Snapchat is launching a self-serve platform for Snap ads,digiday.com/marketing/snapchat-launching-self-serve-platform-snap-ads/, Digiday, April 17, 2017, June 20, 2017, The feature launched the following month, alongside news of a Snapchat Mobile Dashboard for tracking ad campaigns, which rolled out in June to select countries.WEB, Josh, Constine, Snapchat launches self-serve ad manager,techcrunch.com/2017/05/04/snapchat-ad-manager/, TechCrunch, AOL, May 4, 2017, June 20, 2017, November 12, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201112015358/https://consent.yahoo.com/v2/collectConsent?sessionId=3_cc-session_6b285f7d-3daf-4e07-8d2b-0d41aa4abe26, live, Also in 2017, Snapchat introduced a “Snap to Store” advertising tool that lets companies using geostickers to track whether users buy their product or visit their store in a 7-day period after seeing the relevant geosticker.WEB, Ashley, Carman, Snapchat advertisers can now track whether custom geofilters get you to buy their product,www.theverge.com/2017/4/13/15289178/snapchat-ad-tracking-snap-to-story-geofilters, The Verge, Vox Media, April 13, 2017, April 13, 2017, November 14, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201114222147/https://www.theverge.com/2017/4/13/15289178/snapchat-ad-tracking-snap-to-store-geofilters, live, WEB, Lauren, Johnson, Snap Advertisers Can Now See If Their Ads Increase Foot Traffic,www.adweek.com/digital/snap-advertisers-can-now-see-if-their-ads-increase-foot-traffic/, Adweek, April 12, 2017, Beringer Capital, April 13, 2017, November 25, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201125133704/https://www.adweek.com/digital/snap-advertisers-can-now-see-if-their-ads-increase-foot-traffic/, live, On November 13, 2018, Snapchat announced the launch of the Snap Store, where they sell Bitmoji merchandise personalized by avatars from users and their friends. Items for sale include shirts, mugs, shower curtains, and phone cases.WEB, Newton, Casey, Your Snapchat friendships now have their own profiles â€“ and merchandise,www.theverge.com/2018/11/13/18088772/snapchat-friendship-profiles-bitmoji-merchandise-comics, The Verge, November 13, 2018, November 14, 2018, November 8, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201108110322/https://www.theverge.com/2018/11/13/18088772/snapchat-friendship-profiles-bitmoji-merchandise-comics, live,

Development platform

In June 2018, Snapchat announced a new third-party development platform known as Snap Kit: a suite of components that allows partners to provide third-party integrations with aspects of the service. “Login Kit” is a social login platform that utilizes Snapchat accounts. It was promoted as being more privacy-conscious than competing equivalents, as services are only able to receive the user’s display name (and, optionally, a Bitmoji avatar) and are subject to a 90-day inactivity timeout, preventing them from being able to collect any further personal information or social graphs through their authorization. “Creative Kit” allows apps to generate their own stickers to overlay into Snapchat posts. “Story Kit” can be used to embed and aggregate publicly posted stories (with for example, Bandsintown using Story Kit to aggregate stories posted by musicians), while “Bitmoji Kit” allows Bitmoji stickers to be integrated into third-party apps.WEB,techcrunch.com/2018/06/14/snapchat-snap-kit/, Snapchat launches privacy-safe Snap Kit, the un-Facebook platform, TechCrunch, June 14, 2018, en-US, April 25, 2019, January 29, 2021,techcrunch.com/2018/06/14/snapchat-snap-kit/," title="web.archive.org/web/20210129212452techcrunch.com/2018/06/14/snapchat-snap-kit/,">web.archive.org/web/20210129212452techcrunch.com/2018/06/14/snapchat-snap-kit/, live,

Snap Originals

In response to industry competition from streaming platforms such as Netflix, Snapchat announced in late 2018 that it would diversify its content by launching Snap Originals (episodic content including both scripted shows and documentaries).WEB,techcrunch.com/2018/10/10/snapchat-originals/, Snapchat becomes the mobile HBO with 12 daily scripted Original shows/, Constine, Josh, October 10, 2018, TechCrunch, en-US, February 29, 2020, November 9, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201109065531/https://consent.yahoo.com/v2/collectConsent?sessionId=3_cc-session_4144342b-b3b1-428b-9601-de5a35fc9103, live, WEB,www.youtube.com/channel/UCXAXGSK8xJrwLJg7b3VO_RQ/featured, Snap Originals channel, Youtube, en-US, February 29, 2020, June 14, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200614172337/https://m.youtube.com/channel/UCXAXGSK8xJrwLJg7b3VO_RQ/featured, live, WEB,snaporiginals.snapchat.com/, Snaporiginals, SnapChat, en-US, February 29, 2020, January 27, 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210127003726/https://snaporiginals.snapchat.com/, live, In June 2020, Snapchat announced the creation of its first-ever “shoppable” original show called The Drop, which focused on “exclusive streetwear collage” from celebrities and designers. Each episode explored the relationship between the designer and celebrity collaborator. Viewers would learn about the item for sale and how it came together, as well as what time that day the item would go up for sale. Later that day, at the aforementioned time, the episode would be updated with more content that included a “swipe up to buy” action.WEB, Spangler, Todd, 2020-06-23, Snapchat Announces First Shoppable Show, ‘The Drop,’ to Sell Limited-Edition Streetwear,variety.com/2020/digital/news/snapchat-the-drop-shoppable-show-peter-naylor-newfronts-1234644788/, 2020-06-24, Variety, en, January 7, 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210107155810/https://variety.com/2020/digital/news/snapchat-the-drop-shoppable-show-peter-naylor-newfronts-1234644788/, live, All projects related to original programming were ended in August 2022.

Premium accounts and sexual content

In 2014, Snapchat introduced a new feature called Snapcash which spurred its popularity among adult content creators.WEB,www.businessinsider.com/porn-stars-are-using-snapchat-to-make-money-2015-2, Porn stars have started selling 10-second videos on Snapchat using a new payment feature, Taylor, Lorenz, Business Insider, November 23, 2019, October 9, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20191009080957/https://www.businessinsider.com/porn-stars-are-using-snapchat-to-make-money-2015-2, live, NEWS,www.nytimes.com/2015/02/26/style/strippers-go-undercover-on-snapchat.html, Strippers Go Undercover on Snapchat, Nick, Bilton, The New York Times, February 25, 2015, November 23, 2019, September 8, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190908103441/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/26/style/strippers-go-undercover-on-snapchat.html, live, Snapchat allows private premium accounts in which users can monetize their content.WEB,www.cnbc.com/2019/09/15/onlyfans-fancentro-and-snapchat-help-models-sell-porn-to-fans.html, Subscription porn gains popularity as new apps let models sell directly to their fans, Salvador, Rodriguez, September 15, 2019, CNBC, November 23, 2019, December 7, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20191207082523/https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/15/onlyfans-fancentro-and-snapchat-help-models-sell-porn-to-fans.html, live, This feature is mostly used by models to monetize their adult content. Snapchat is increasingly becoming an integral part of the online porn industry.

Controversies

December 2013 hack

Snapchat was hacked on December 31, 2013.NEWS,www.theregister.co.uk/2014/01/02/snapchat_leak/, Snapchat: In ‘theory’ you could hack... Oh Crap, is that 4.6 million users’ details?, The Register, January 3, 2014, October 6, 2014,www.theregister.co.uk/2014/01/02/snapchat_leak/," title="web.archive.org/web/20141006094031www.theregister.co.uk/2014/01/02/snapchat_leak/,">web.archive.org/web/20141006094031www.theregister.co.uk/2014/01/02/snapchat_leak/, live, MAGAZINE,techland.time.com/2014/01/02/how-to-survive-the-snapchat-hack-and-others/, How to Survive the Snapchat Hack (and Others), TIME, January 2, 2014, January 3, 2014, Peckham, Matt, Gibson Security, an Australian security firm, had disclosed an API security vulnerability to the company on August 27, 2013,Blue, Violet. (August 28, 2013) Snapchat names, aliases and phone numbers obtainable via Android and iOS APIs, say researchers {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923072808www.zdnet.com/article/snapchat-names-aliases-and-phone-numbers-obtainable-via-android-and-ios-apis-say-researchers/ |date=September 23, 2020 }}. ZDNet. Retrieved on March 21, 2014.WEB,gibsonsec.org/snapchat/, Snapchat Security Disclosure, Gibson Security, January 3, 2014, November 12, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201112014743/https://gibsonsec.org/snapchat/, live, and then made public the source code for the exploit on December 25.Blue, Violet. (December 25, 2013) Researchers publish Snapchat code allowing phone number matching after exploit disclosures ignored {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112020058www.zdnet.com/article/researchers-publish-snapchat-code-allowing-phone-number-matching-after-exploit-disclosures-ignored/ |date=November 12, 2020 }}. ZDNet. Retrieved on March 21, 2014.Snapchat â€“ GSFD {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201182650gibsonsec.org/snapchat/fulldisclosure/ |date=December 1, 2020 }}. Gibsonsec.org. Retrieved on March 21, 2014. On December 27, Snapchat announced that it had implemented mitigating features.WEB, Josh, Constine, Snapchat Downplays Phone Number Matching Hack, Says It’s Added New Counter-Measures,techcrunch.com/2013/12/27/snapchat-phone-number-hack/, TechCrunch, AOL, December 27, 2013, April 10, 2017, November 24, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201124175710/https://techcrunch.com/2013/12/27/snapchat-phone-number-hack/, live, Nonetheless, an anonymous group hacked them, saying that the mitigating features presented only “minor obstacles”.WEB, Catherine, Shu, Confirmed: Snapchat Hack Not A Hoax, 4.6M Usernames And Numbers Published,techcrunch.com/2013/12/31/hackers-claim-to-publish-list-of-4-6m-snapchat-usernames-and-numbers/, TechCrunch, AOL, December 31, 2013, April 10, 2017, February 1, 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210201070542/https://techcrunch.com/2013/12/31/hackers-claim-to-publish-list-of-4-6m-snapchat-usernames-and-numbers/, live, WEB, Jon, Skillings, Overexposed: Snapchat user info from 4.6M accounts,www.cnet.com/news/overexposed-snapchat-user-info-from-4-6m-accounts/, CNET, CBS Interactive, January 1, 2014, April 10, 2017, November 29, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201129041554/https://www.cnet.com/news/overexposed-snapchat-user-info-from-4-6m-accounts/, live, The hackers revealed parts of approximately 4.6 million Snapchat usernames and phone numbers on a website named SnapchatDB.infoWEB,www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/internet-security/10546626/Snapchat-hack-leaks-4.6m-users-details.html,ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/internet-security/10546626/Snapchat-hack-leaks-4.6m-users-details.html, January 10, 2022, subscription, live, Snapchat hack leaks 4.6m users details, The Daily Telegraph, The Telegraph, January 2, 2014, January 3, 2014, {{cbignore}} and sent a statement to the popular technology blog TechCrunch saying that their objective had been to “raise public awareness... and... put public pressure on Snapchat” to fix the vulnerability.NEWS,www.mercurynews.com/business/ci_24836443/snapchat-security-breach-affects-4-6-million-user, Snapchat hack: Users wonder whether their snaps are safe, San Jose Mercury News, January 3, 2014, November 11, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201111230252/https://www.mercurynews.com/2014/01/02/snapchat-hack-users-wonder-whether-their-snaps-are-safe-2/, live, Snapchat apologized a week after the hack.WEB, Ryan, Bushey, Snapchat Finally Apologizes After 4.6 Million User Phone Numbers Leak â€“ Here’s How To Make Sure It Doesn’t Happen Again,www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-hack-apology-2014-1, Business Insider, Axel Springer SE, January 9, 2014, April 10, 2017, October 6, 2019,web.archive.org/web/20191006152144/https://www.businessinsider.com/snapchat-hack-apology-2014-1, live,

Federal Trade Commission

In 2014, Snapchat settled a complaint made by the US Federal Trade Commission (FTC). The government agency alleged that the company had exaggerated to the public the degree to which mobile app images and photos could actually be made to disappear. Under the terms of the agreement, Snapchat was not fined, but the app service agreed to have its claims and policies monitored by an independent party for a period of 20 years. The FTC concluded that Snapchat was prohibited from “misrepresenting the extent to which it maintains the privacy, security, or confidentiality of users’ information.“Andrea Peterson, “Snapchat agrees to settle FTC charges that it deceived users” {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922054844www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2014/05/08/snapchat-agrees-to-settle-ftc-charges-that-it-deceived-users/ |date=September 22, 2020 }}, The Washington Post, May 8, 2014. Retrieved August 16, 2016.Following the agreement, Snapchat updated its privacy page to state that the company “can’t guarantee that messages will be deleted within a specific timeframe.“WEB, Snapchat Privacy Policy,www.snapchat.com/privacy, February 22, 2015, December 11, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201211033307/https://www.snap.com/en-US/privacy/privacy-policy/, live, Even after Snapchat deletes message data from their servers, that same data may remain in backup for a certain period of time. In a public blog post, the service warned that “If you’ve ever tried to recover lost data after accidentally deleting a drive or maybe watched an episode of , you might know that with the right forensic tools, it’s sometimes possible to retrieve data after it has been deleted.“WEB, How Snaps Are Stored And Deleted,blog.snapchat.com/post/50060403002/how-snaps-are-stored-and-deleted, Snapchat Blog, Snapchat, July 21, 2013, May 9, 2013, dead,blog.snapchat.com/post/50060403002/how-snaps-are-stored-and-deleted," title="web.archive.org/web/20130708202131blog.snapchat.com/post/50060403002/how-snaps-are-stored-and-deleted,">web.archive.org/web/20130708202131blog.snapchat.com/post/50060403002/how-snaps-are-stored-and-deleted, July 8, 2013,

Windows app

In November 2014, Snapchat announced a crackdown on third-party apps of its service and their users. Users of the Windows Phone platform were affected, as Snapchat did not have an official client for it, but numerous third-party apps existed, most popularly one called 6snap. In December, Microsoft was forced to remove 6snap and all other third-party apps of Snapchat from the Windows Phone Store; Snapchat however did not develop an official app for the platform, leaving its users on the platform behind.WEB,techcrunch.com/2014/12/21/snapchat-windows-phone-purge/, Microsoft Removes All Third Party Snapchat Apps From The Windows Phone Store, Jon, Russell, December 22, 2014, September 10, 2022, September 10, 2022,web.archive.org/web/20220910144953/https://techcrunch.com/2014/12/21/snapchat-windows-phone-purge/, live, A petition from users requesting an official Snapchat app reached 43,000 signatures in 2015, but the company still refused to respond and to build an app for Windows Phone.WEB, Ron, Snapchat For Windows Phone Petition Now Has Over 43 Thousand Signatures - OnMSFT.com, August 8, 2015,www.onmsft.com/news/snapchat-windows-phone-petition-now-has-over-43-thousand-signatures, 2021-03-25, en-US, September 28, 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210928165609/https://www.onmsft.com/news/snapchat-windows-phone-petition-now-has-over-43-thousand-signatures, live, Snapchat was criticized once again later in 2015 when it did not develop an app for Microsoft’s Universal Windows Platform (UWP).WEB,news.thewindowsclub.com/snapchat-filters-on-windows-10-with-snap-camera-93606/, Snap Camera for Windows 10 and MacOS released by Snapchat, October 28, 2018, September 16, 2021, September 16, 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210916201658/https://news.thewindowsclub.com/snapchat-filters-on-windows-10-with-snap-camera-93606/, live,

Lens incidents

In September 2015, an 18-year-old was using a Snapchat feature called “Lens” to record the speed she was driving her Mercedes C230 when she crashed into a Mitsubishi Outlander in Hampton, Georgia. The {{convert|107|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} crash injured both drivers. The driver of the Outlander spent five weeks in intensive care while he was treated for severe traumatic brain injury. In April 2016, the Outlander driver sued both Snapchat and the user of Snapchat, alleging that Snapchat knew its application was being used in unlawful speed contests, yet did nothing to prevent such use so is negligent.NEWS, Snapchat at 107 M.P.H.? Lawsuit Blames Teenager (and Snapchat), The New York Times, Rogers, Katie, May 3, 2016,www.nytimes.com/2016/05/04/us/snapchat-speeding-teenager-crash-lawsuit.html?_r=0, October 30, 2016, November 26, 2018,web.archive.org/web/20181126093208/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/04/us/snapchat-speeding-teenager-crash-lawsuit.html?_r=0, live, In October 2016, a similar collision occurred while a 22-year-old was driving at {{convert|115|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} in Tampa, Florida, killing five people.NEWS, Snapchat Video Shows Driver Speeding at 115 mph Before Deadly Crash, NBC News, October 31, 2016,www.nbcnews.com/nightly-news/video/snapchat-video-shows-driver-speeding-at-115-mph-before-deadly-crash-797737027663, October 31, 2016, November 25, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201125025826/https://www.nbcnews.com/nightly-news/video/snapchat-video-shows-driver-speeding-at-115-mph-before-deadly-crash-797737027663, live, WEB, SnapChat video clocks car going 115 mph before deadly Hillsborough crash,www.wfla.com/news/snapchat-video-clocks-car-going-115-mph-before-deadly-hillsborough-crash/, WFLA, 13 December 2022, 28 October 2016, December 13, 2022,web.archive.org/web/20221213000650/https://www.wfla.com/news/snapchat-video-clocks-car-going-115-mph-before-deadly-hillsborough-crash/, live,

“Poor Country” remark

According to former Snapchat employee Anthony Pompliano in a lawsuit filed against Snap Inc., Spiegel made a statement in 2015 that Snapchat is “only for rich people” and that he does not “want to expand into poor countries like India and Spain.“WEB, Gene, Maddaus, Snapchat CEO Said ‘This App Is Only for Rich People,’ Ex-Employee Alleges,variety.com/2017/biz/news/snapchat-evan-spiegel-only-for-rich-people-anthony-pompliano-1202028526/, Variety (magazine), Variety, Penske Media Corporation, April 11, 2017, April 24, 2017, November 11, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201111222938/https://variety.com/2017/biz/news/snapchat-evan-spiegel-only-for-rich-people-anthony-pompliano-1202028526/, live, The incident sparked a Twitter trend called “#UninstallSnapchat”, in which Indian users uninstalled the app,WEB, Emma, Hinchcliffe, #UninstallSnapchat is taking off in India after an allegedly terrible comment from Snap’s CEO,mashable.com/2017/04/15/uninstall-snapchat-india/, Mashable, April 15, 2017, April 24, 2017, November 12, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201112020101/https://mashable.com/2017/04/15/uninstall-snapchat-india/?europe=true, live, and caused backlash against the company, including a large number of low “one-star” ratings for the app in the Google Play Store and Apple’s App Store.WEB, Snapchat’s App Rating Takes A Massive Hit On Play Store Thanks To ‘Poor Indians’, Spokesperson Issues Clarification,www.indiatimes.com/technology/apps/snapchat-s-app-rating-takes-a-massive-hit-on-play-store-thanks-to-poor-indians-spokesperson-issues-clarification-275743.html, The Times of India, The Times Group, April 16, 2017, April 24, 2017, December 1, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201201001338/https://www.indiatimes.com/technology/apps/snapchat-s-app-rating-takes-a-massive-hit-on-play-store-thanks-to-poor-indians-spokesperson-issues-clarification-275743.html, live, Snapchat’s shares fell by 1.5%.WEB, Noel, Randewich, David, Ingram, Snap stock falls as alleged CEO comments rile some on social media,www.reuters.com/article/us-snap-stocks-idUSKBN17J1I5, Reuters, Thomson Reuters, April 17, 2017, April 24, 2017, November 12, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201112034652/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-snap-stocks-idUSKBN17J1I5, live, In response to the allegation, Snapchat called Pompliano’s claim “ridiculous”, and elaborated that “Obviously Snapchat is for everyone. It’s available worldwide to download for free.“WEB, Michael, Safi, Snapchat denies claim CEO did not want to expand into ‘poor India’,www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/apr/17/snapchat-denies-claim-ceo-did-not-want-to-expand-into-poor-india, The Guardian, April 17, 2017, April 24, 2017, November 11, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201111202344/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/apr/17/snapchat-denies-claim-ceo-did-not-want-to-expand-into-poor-india, live,

Pompliano Lawsuit

In January 2017, Pompliano filed a state lawsuit accusing Snapchat of doctoring growth metrics with the intention of deceiving investors. Pompliano said that Spiegel was dismissive of his concerns and that Pompliano was fired shortly thereafter. The judge dropped Pompliano’s claims that Snapchat violated the Dodd-Frank and Consumer Protection Acts in retaliation against him, citing an arbitration clause in his contract.WEB,variety.com/2018/digital/news/snapchat-judge-pompliano-arbitration-1202750638/, Judge Shuts Down Snapchat Whistleblower’s Lawsuit, Maddaus, Gene, 2018-04-11, Variety, en, 2020-03-12, November 24, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201124092157/https://variety.com/2018/digital/news/snapchat-judge-pompliano-arbitration-1202750638/, live, However, Snap Inc. faced blowback over a lack of disclosure regarding the contents of the lawsuit, resulting in plunging stock prices, several class-action lawsuits, and Federal investigations.WEB, April 22, 2019, Snap’s Board Facing Blowback for Not Disclosing Whistle-Blower Lawsuit in IPO,www.hollywoodreporter.com/thr-esq/snaps-board-facing-blowback-not-disclosing-whistleblower-lawsuit-ipo-1202985, 2020-03-12, The Hollywood Reporter, September 29, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200929120356/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/thr-esq/snaps-board-facing-blowback-not-disclosing-whistleblower-lawsuit-ipo-1202985, live,

“Snap Map” privacy concerns

The June 2017 release of “Snap Map”, a feature that broadcasts the user’s location on a map, was met with concerns over privacy and safety. The feature, through an opt-in, delivers a message asking if the user would like to show their position on the map, but reportedly does not explain the ramifications of doing so, including that the app updates the user’s position on the map each time the app is opened and not just when actively capturing snaps, potentially assisting stalkers. The map can be zoomed in to feature detailed geographical information, such as street addresses.WEB, Dani, Deahl, Snapchat’s newest feature is also its biggest privacy threat,www.theverge.com/2017/6/23/15864552/snapchat-snap-map-privacy-threat, The Verge, Vox Media, June 23, 2017, June 30, 2017, November 13, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201113003210/https://www.theverge.com/2017/6/23/15864552/snapchat-snap-map-privacy-threat, live, The Daily Telegraph reported that police forces had issued child safety warnings,NEWS, Matthew, Field, Police issue child safety warning over Snapchat maps update that reveals users’ locations,www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2017/06/23/police-issue-child-safety-warning-snapchat-maps-update-reveals/,ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2017/06/23/police-issue-child-safety-warning-snapchat-maps-update-reveals/, January 10, 2022, subscription, live, The Daily Telegraph, June 23, 2017, June 30, 2017, {{cbignore}} while other media publications wrote that safety concerns were also raised for teenagers and adults unaware of the feature’s actual behavior.WEB, Olivia, Salon, Snapchat’s new map feature raises fears of stalking and bullying,www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/jun/23/snapchat-maps-privacy-safety-concerns, The Guardian, June 23, 2017, June 30, 2017, November 28, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201128210357/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/jun/23/snapchat-maps-privacy-safety-concerns, live, In a statement to The Verge, a Snapchat spokesperson said that “The safety of our community is very important to us and we want to make sure that all Snapchatters, parents, and educators have accurate information about how the Snap Map works”.Users have the ability to operate in “Ghost Mode”, or select the friends that they wish to share their location with. Although there has been an increase in advertising on Snapchat, Snapchat has stated that they do not plan on running ads on Snap Map stories.

Rihanna controversy

In March 2018, an advertisement containing a poll about Rihanna was posted stating, “Would you rather punch Chris Brown or slap Rihanna?“WEB, Land, Cady, ‘Shame on You.’ Rihanna Calls Out Snapchat for Ad Making Light of Domestic Violence,time.com/5201797/rihanna-slams-snapchat-ignorant-ad-making-light-of-domestic-violence/, time.com, June 22, 2018, March 15, 2018, July 31, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200731084142/https://time.com/5201797/rihanna-slams-snapchat-ignorant-ad-making-light-of-domestic-violence/, live, Rihanna tweeted that Snapchat was “insensitive to domestic violence victims” and urged fans to delete Snapchat.NEWS,www.reuters.com/article/us-people-rihanna-snapchat/rihanna-urges-fans-to-delete-snapchat-after-ad-mocking-assault-by-brown-idUSKCN1GR2KV, Rihanna urges fans to delete Snapchat after ad mocking assault by..., Reuters Editorial, U.S., July 1, 2018, en-US, November 9, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201109023657/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-people-rihanna-snapchat/rihanna-urges-fans-to-delete-snapchat-after-ad-mocking-assault-by-brown-idUSKCN1GR2KV, live,

Body image concerns

The increased use of body and facial reshaping applications such as Snapchat and Facetune has been identified as a potential cause of body dysmorphic disorder. In August 2018, researchers from the Boston Medical Center wrote in a JAMA Facial Plastic Surgery essay that a phenomenon they called ‘Snapchat dysmorphia’ had been identified, where people request surgery to look like the edited version of themselves as they appear through Snapchat Filters.WEB, MEDICAL CENTER, BOSTON, A new reality for beauty standards: How selfies and filters affect body image,www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-08/bmc-anr080118.php, eurekalert, the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), February 4, 2019, November 9, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201109012840/https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-08/bmc-anr080118.php, live,

Snapchat employees abused data access to spy on users

In May 2019, it was revealed that multiple Snapchat employees used an internal tool called SnapLion, originally designed to gather data in compliance with law enforcement requests, to spy on users.WEB, Snapchat Employees Abused Data Access to Spy on Users,www.vice.com/en_us/article/xwnva7/snapchat-employees-abused-data-access-spy-on-users-snaplion, Cox, Joseph, May 23, 2019, Vice, June 23, 2019, January 15, 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210115094320/https://www.vice.com/en/article/xwnva7/snapchat-employees-abused-data-access-spy-on-users-snaplion, live,

Mozilla calls for public disclosures related to use of A.I.

Citing “vague, broad language” in Snapchat’s privacy policy, Mozilla issued a September 2019 petition calling for public disclosures related to the app’s use of facial emotion recognition technology.WEB,foundation.mozilla.org/en/campaigns/snapchat-stop-stealing-our-feelings/, Is Snap stealing our feelings?, Mozilla Foundation, en, January 26, 2020, September 20, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200920202220/https://foundation.mozilla.org/en/campaigns/snapchat-stop-stealing-our-feelings/, live, When reached for comment by Scientific American, representatives for Snapchat declined to share a public response.WEB,www.scientificamerican.com/article/this-video-watches-you-back/, This Video Watches You Back, Bushwick, Sophie, Scientific American, en, January 26, 2020, January 25, 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210125180549/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/this-video-watches-you-back/, live,

Revenge porn

During the 2020 lockdown to inhibit the spread of COVID-19 in France, the app emerged as a hub for the dissemination of revenge porn of underage girls.NEWS,www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2020/04/07/harcelement-sexuel-avec-le-confinement-le-retour-en-force-des-comptes-fisha-sur-les-reseaux-sociaux_6035853_4408996.html, HarcÃ¨lement sexuel : avec le confinement, le retour en force des comptes ” fisha ” sur les rÃ©seaux sociaux, 2020-04-07, Le Monde.fr, 2020-04-08, fr, April 8, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200408085041/https://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2020/04/07/harcelement-sexuel-avec-le-confinement-le-retour-en-force-des-comptes-fisha-sur-les-reseaux-sociaux_6035853_4408996.html, live, Some users have also reported that perpetrators of revenge porn have utilized explicit images to seek sexual favors or powers over individuals.JOURNAL, Huie, Kelly, Butler, Michelle, Percy, Andrew, 2023-09-13, Identifying trends and patterns in offending and victimization on Snapchat: a rapid review,dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41284-023-00400-6, Security Journal, 10.1057/s41284-023-00400-6, 0955-1662, In 2020, a woman in North Carolina sued Snapchat (as well as dating app Tinder and the five men named in the attackNEWS, Brown, Joel, Raleigh rape survivor speaks out after filing suit against Tinder, Snapchat,abc11.com/snapchat-tinder-lawsuit-aaliyah-palmer/5836719/, ABC11 Raleigh-Durham, 10 January 2020, May 28, 2020, June 25, 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210625143641/https://abc11.com/snapchat-tinder-lawsuit-aaliyah-palmer/5836719/, live, ), claiming features of the app enabled her alleged rapist and his friends to hide evidence of the rape. In particular, the suit alleges that “because of the ways Snapchat is and has been designed, constructed, marketed, and maintained, [the woman’s assailants] were able to send these nonconsensual, pornographic photographs and videos of [her] with little to no threat of law enforcement verifying that they did so.“NEWS, Billman, Jeffrey C., Woman Whose Sexual-Assault Story Helped Change N.C. Consent Law Sues Tinder, Snapchat Over Revenge Porn,indyweek.com/news/northcarolina/north-carolina-tinder-snapchat-revenge-porn/, INDY week, 9 January 2020, May 28, 2020, March 6, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200306033516/https://indyweek.com/news/northcarolina/north-carolina-tinder-snapchat-revenge-porn/, live, The woman told the court that parent company Snap Inc. “specifically and purposely designed, constructed, and maintained Snapchat to serve as a secretive and nefarious communications platform that encourages, solicits, and facilitates the creation and dissemination of illicit and non-consensual sexually explicit content...and allowed Snapchat to operate as a safe-haven from law enforcement.“NEWS,abc11.com/5832309/, Raleigh woman sues Snapchat, Tinder, alleging companies helped hide evidence of her rape, Brown, Joel, 2020-01-10, ABC11 Raleigh-Durham, en, 2020-04-21, January 10, 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200110223551/https://abc11.com/5832309/, live,

Sale of fake pills

In December 2022, the National Crime Prevention Council wrote U.S. Attorney General Merrick Garland urging the Justice Department to examine Snaps business practices related to the sale of fake pills containing lethal amounts the synthetic opioid fentanyl.WEB, 2022-12-22, Group urges feds to investigate Snapchat over fentanyl sales,www.yahoo.com/news/group-urges-feds-investigate-snapchat-212602001.html, 2024-05-20, Yahoo News, en-US, Less than a month later, it was widely reported that the Federal Bureau of Investigation launched a probe into the company and the sale of fake pills.WEB, Carville, Olivia, Leopold, Jason, Bloomberg, Maria Curi, 2023-01-25, FBI probes Snapchat’s role in fentanyl poisoning deaths,www.latimes.com/business/story/2023-01-25/fbi-examines-snapchat-fentanyl-poisoning-deaths, 2024-05-20, Los Angeles Times, en-US,

Illinois biometric data lawsuit

Snapchat was the subject of a class action lawsuit from the state of Illinois, alleging that the company violated the Biometric Information Privacy Act by collecting and storing biometric data on Illinois residents who used the app’s filters and lenses without providing a written explanation on why the data was recorded and what its term of storage would be. The company opted to settle the lawsuit with a $35 million payout.WEB, Sato, Mia, Snap agrees to $35 million settlement over privacy lawsuit,www.theverge.com/2022/8/23/23318545/illinois-snapchat-biometric-privacy-lawsuit-settlement-facebook-location-tracking, The Verge, 24 August 2022, 24 August 2022, August 24, 2022,web.archive.org/web/20220824152307/https://www.theverge.com/2022/8/23/23318545/illinois-snapchat-biometric-privacy-lawsuit-settlement-facebook-location-tracking, live,

References

{{Reflist|refs=Snapchat {{!}}}}

External links

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{{Official websitewww.snapchat.com/}}

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December 2013 hack

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Snapchat employees abused data access to spy on users

Mozilla calls for public disclosures related to use of A.I.

Revenge porn

Sale of fake pills

Illinois biometric data lawsuit

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