GetWiki
Fidesz
ARTICLE SUBJECTS
being →
database →
ethics →
fiction →
history →
internet →
language →
linux →
logic →
method →
news →
policy →
purpose →
religion →
science →
software →
truth →
unix →
wiki →
ARTICLE TYPES
essay →
feed →
help →
system →
wiki →
ARTICLE ORIGINS
critical →
forked →
imported →
original →
Fidesz
please note:
- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
- it has been imported raw for GetWiki
{{Short description|Political party in Hungary}}{{Redirect|Hungarian Civic Party|the political party in Romania|Hungarian Civic Party (Romania)|the former political party in Slovakia|Hungarian Civic Party (Slovakia)}}{{Pp|small=yes}}{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
- it has been imported raw for GetWiki
factoids | |
---|---|
History
{{More citations needed section|date=June 2019}}1988â1989: Liberal activist beginnings
The party was founded in the spring of 1988NEWS, Walker, Shaun, 2018-04-06, 'You cannot negotiate with Orbán': hardline PM seeks fourth term, en-GB, The Guardian,weblink 2023-04-18, 0261-3077, and named Fiatal Demokraták Szövetsége (Alliance of Young Democrats) with the acronym FIDESZ. It grew out of an underground liberal student activist movement opposed to the ruling Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party.NEWS,weblink Ties that bind Hungary's Fidesz and European Parliament, Politico, NEWS,weblink It happened there: how democracy died in Hungary, Beauchamp, Zack, Vox, 13 September 2018, 12 October 2019, Founding such a movement was semi-illegal at the time, so the founders risked their careers by being involved in the opposition.NEWS, 2018-01-25, Viktor Orban: the rise of Europe's troublemaker, Financial Times,weblink 2023-04-18, The membership had an upper age limit of 35 years (this requirement was abolished at the 1993 party congress).NEWS, 1993-04-18, Hungarian Youth Party Tries a Grown-Up Appeal, en-US, The New York Times,weblink 2021-11-19, 0362-4331, In 1989, Fidesz won the Thorolf Rafto Memorial Prize. The movement was represented at the award ceremony by one of its leaders, Péter Molnár, who later became a Member of Parliament in Hungary.WEB, FIDESZ - Péter Molnár,weblink 2023-04-18, The Rafto Foundation, en,1990â1998: Centre-left opposition and conservative turn
In the 1990 elections, the party entered the National Assembly after winning about 6% of the vote. They became a small, though quite popular oppositional party. In 1992, Fidesz joined the Liberal International. At the time, it was a moderate liberal centrist party, sometimes also described as social-liberal.WEB, fr, Florence La Bruyère, En Hongrie, le populisme au pouvoir,weblink 13 December 2010, Libération, 17 April 2021, At the 1993 party congress, it changed its political position from liberal to civic-centrist ("polgári centrumpárt"). The turn in ideology caused a severe split in the membership. Péter Molnár left the party along with Gábor Fodor and Klára Ungár, who joined the liberal Alliance of Free Democrats.{{Citation needed|date=March 2019}} Viktor Orbán was elected party chairman.After its disappointing result in the 1994 elections, Fidesz remained an opposition party but grew increasingly conservative.{{Citation|last=Bakke|first=Elisabeth|title=Central and East European party systems since 1989|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oFXdiS25N78C&pg=PA79|work=Central and Southeast European Politics Since 1989|page=79|year=2010|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-13948750-4|access-date=17 November 2011}}WEB,weblinkweblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20071010152354weblink">weblink The History of Fidesz1998â2002: First Orbán government
Fidesz gained power for the first time at the 1998 elections, with Viktor Orbán becoming prime minister. Their coalition partners were the smaller Hungarian Democratic Forum and the Independent Smallholders' Party. In 2000, Fidesz terminated its membership in the Liberal International and joined the European People's Party. The government constituted a "relatively conventional European conservative" rule.2002â2010: Return to opposition
(File:Budapest heroes Fidesz HQ.jpg|thumb|left|The former main office building of Fidesz)Fidesz narrowly lost the 2002 elections to the Hungarian Socialist Party, garnering 41.07% to the Socialists' 42.05%. Fidesz had 169 members of the National Assembly, out of a total of 386. Immediately after the election, they accused the opponents of electoral fraud. The 2002 Hungarian municipal elections saw again huge Fidesz losses.{{Citation needed|date= March 2019}}In the spring of 2003, Fidesz took its current name, Fidesz â Hungarian Civic Union.It was the most successful party in the 2004 European Parliamentary Elections: it won 47.4% of the vote and 12 of its candidates were elected as Members of the European Parliament (MEPs),{{Citation needed |date= March 2019}} including LÃvia Járóka, the second Romani MEP.WEB, LÃvia Járóka,weblink 2021-11-20, EVPA, en-US, Fidesz's nominee, Dr. László Sólyom, was elected President of Hungary in the 2005 election. He was endorsed by Védegylet, an NGO including people from the whole political spectrum. A self-described "conservative liberal," he championed elements of both political wings with a selective, but conscious choice of values.{{in lang|hu}} Sólyom politikaformáló erÅ akar lenni, Kern Tamás, Index.hu, 22 August 2005In 2005, Fidesz and the Christian Democratic People's Party (KDNP) formed an alliance for the 2006 elections, which were won by the social-democratic and liberal coalition of Hungarian Socialist Party (MSZP) and the Alliance of Free Democrats (SZDSZ). Fidesz received 42% of the list votes and 164 of 386 representatives in the National Assembly.NEWS, 2006-04-23, Hungary Socialists win new term, en-GB, BBC News,weblink 2021-11-20, On 1 October 2006, Fidesz won the municipal elections, which counterbalanced the MSZP-led government's power to some extent. Fidesz won 15 of 23 mayoralties in Hungary's largest citiesâalthough its candidate narrowly lost the city of Budapest to a member of the Liberal Partyâand majorities in 18 out of 20 regional assemblies.WEB,weblink VoksCentrum a választások univerzuma, Vokscentrum, 17 April 2010, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20070818083027weblink">weblink 18 August 2007, WEB,weblink Opposition makes substantial gains in Hungarian elections, Taipei Times, 29 August 2015, 4 September 2015, In the 2009 European Parliament election, Fidesz won a landslide victory, gaining 56.36% of the vote and 14 of Hungary's 22 seats.WEB, National results Hungary {{!, 2009 Constitutive session {{!}} 2019 European election results {{!}} European Parliament |url=https://europarl.europa.eu/election-results-2019/en/national-results/hungary/2009-2014/constitutive-session/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=www.europarl.europa.eu |language=en}}In a closed-door party meeting in 2009, Orbán called for a "central political forcefield" to govern Hungary for up to 20 years to achieve political stability.In January 2010, László Kövér, head of the party's national board, told reporters the party was aiming at winning a two-thirds majority at the parliamentary elections in April. He noted that Fidesz had a realistic chance to win a landslide. However, this feat was threatened by the rise of the radical nationalist Jobbik party. Kövér said it was a "lamentably negative" tendency, adding that it was rooted in the "disaster government" of the Socialist Party and its former liberal ally Free Democrats.WEB, MTI,weblink Opposition Fidesz aims at two-thirds majority, Politics.hu, 17 April 2010,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120311112636weblink">weblink 11 March 2012, dead,2010âpresent: In power
The strong and preeminent Fidesz has benefited from the fragmented and disjointed opposition that has proved inept at mounting a unified challenge to the ruling party in a country where a majority of parliamentary seats are allocated to the party that garners the plurality of votes in a constituency.NEWS,weblink In Hungary, Disunity and Gerrymandering Frustrate Anti-Orban Voters, Kingsley, Patrick, 25 March 2018, The New York Times, 14 March 2019, 0362-4331, Government debt has fallen by 6% in the 8 years after Fidesz took power in 2010 while the country's credit ratings have improved. Economic growth had almost quadrupled with wages rising by over 10% and destitution decreasing by almost 50% (though still considerable). According to official figures, unemployment had fallen by nearly two-thirds. However, as many as almost half of newly employed Hungarians had found work elsewhere in the EU. A public works program has also been criticized by some economists for artificially and deceptively reducing unemployment numbers while engaging in and compensating people for possibly unneeded or unnecessarily inefficient work. Hungary has been highly dependent on EU funds during Fidesz's rule; these representing nearly 4% of the country's GDP, more than for any other EU member.NEWS, Novak, Benjamin, Kingsley, Patrick, 2 May 2018, Hungary's Judges Warn of Threats to Judicial Independence, The New York Times,weblink 14 March 2019, 0362-4331,2010â2014: Second Orbán government
In a landslide victory in the 2010 parliamentary elections, the party won an outright majority in the first round on 11 April, with the Fidesz-KDNP alliance winning 206 seats, including 119 individual seats. In the final result, Fidesz 263 seats, of which 173 are individual seats.WEB,weblink Országos Választási Iroda â 2010 Országgyűlési Választások, hu, Valasztas.hu, 3 May 2010, 5 May 2010,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20140327031022weblink">weblink 27 March 2014, dead, Fidesz held 227 of these seats, giving it an outright majority in the National Assembly by itself.{{Citation needed|date=March 2019}}Fidesz was widely seen as propelled to a sweeping victory in large part due to the dissatisfaction with the ruling political establishment which was plagued by corruption scandals and by the 2007â2008 financial crisis. The socialist government had also imposed harsh austerity measures in an attempt to rein in its ballooning budget deficits even before the late 2000sâ crisis. In September 2006, a recording of the prime minister admitting to lying about the country's dire economic prospects was revealed by the media and broadcast on radio. Steel barriers were erected around the parliament to protect it from tens of thousands of protesters.NEWS,weblink Foes of Hungary's Government Fear 'Demolition of Democracy', Kulish, Nicholas, 21 December 2011, The New York Times, 16 March 2019, 0362-4331, After winning 53% of the popular vote in the first-round of the 2010 parliamentary election, which translated into a supermajority of 68% of parliamentary seats, giving Fidesz sufficient power to revise or replace the constitution, the party embarked on an extraordinary project of passing over 200 laws and drafting and adopting a new constitutionâsince followed by nearly 2000 amendments.{{Citation needed|date=March 2019}}The new constitution has been widely criticizedWEB,weblinkweblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20111220074218weblink">weblink Hungary's Constitutional Revolution, 19 December 2011, 20 December 2011, WEB,weblink PDF, Working Document 1, European Parliament, 4 September 2015, WEB,weblink Working Document 2, European Parliament, 4 September 2015, WEB,weblink PDF, Working Document 3, European Parliament, 4 September 2015, WEB,weblink PDF, Working Document 4, European Parliament, 4 September 2015, WEB,weblink Documents by opinions and studies, 14 February 2015, by the European Commission for Democracy through Law,WEB,weblink EUROPEAN COMMISSION FOR DEMOCRACY THROUGH LAW (VENICE COMMISSION) : OPINION, Lapa.princeton.edu, 4 September 2015, 8 October 2023,weblink dead, the Council of Europe, the European ParliamentWEB,weblinkEPTEXT+TA+P7-TA-2011-0315+0+DOC+XML+VEN&language=EN, Texts adopted â Tuesday, 5 July 2011 â Revised Hungarian constitution â P7_TA(2011)0315, European Parliament, 4 September 2015, and the United StatesWEB, http:hungary.usembassy.gov/kounalakis12082011.html, Remarks & Statements | Budapest, Hungary â Embassy of the United States, Hungary.usembassy.gov, 8 December 2011, 4 September 2015, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20151018221107weblink">weblink 18 October 2015, for concentrating too much power in the hands of the ruling party, for limiting oversight of the new constitution by the Constitutional Court of Hungary, and for removing democratic checks and balances in various areas, including the ordinary judiciary,weblink {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120313232727weblink|date=13 March 2012}} supervision of elections, and the media.JOURNAL, Gall, Lydia, 2013-05-16, Wrong Direction on Rights,weblink Human Rights Watch, en, In October 2013, Thorbjørn Jagland, Secretary General of the Council of Europe said that the council was satisfied with the amendments which had been made to the criticized laws.WEB,weblink Ferenc Kumin â Council of Europe's Jagland: 'Hungarians Have Gone..., Ferenckumin.tumblr.com, 14 February 2015, 15 December 2013,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20131215202000weblink">weblink dead,2014â2018: Third Orbán government
Fidesz won the nationwide parliamentary election in April 2014 and secured a second supermajority with 133 seats (of 199) in the legislature.NEWS, Gulyas, Veronika, 22 February 2015, Hungary's Ruling Party Loses Two-Thirds Majority after By-Election, The Wall Street Journal,weblink 22 February 2015, NEWS, Dull, Szabolcs, GyÅzött a Jobbik a tapolcai választáson, Index HU,weblink 12 April 2015, This supermajority was lost, however, when Tibor Navracsics was appointed to the European Commission. His Veszprém County seat was taken by an independent candidate in a by-election. Another by-election on 12 April 2015 saw the supermajority lose a second seat, also in Veszprém, to a Jobbik candidate.2018â2022: Fourth Orbán government
Fidesz won the nationwide parliamentary election in April 2018 and secured a 3rd supermajority with 133 seats (of 199) in the legislature.NEWS, Bayer, Lili, 10 April 2018, Orbán poised to tighten grip on power, Politico,weblink 10 April 2018, Orbán and Fidesz campaigned primarily on the issues of immigration and foreign meddling, and the election was seen as a victory for right-wing populism in Europe.WEB, Than, Krisztina, Szakacs, Gergely, Hungary's Strongman Viktor Orban Wins Third Term in Power,weblink 9 April 2018, Reuters, 9 April 2018, WEB, Zalan, Eszter, Hungary's Orban in Sweeping Victory, Boosting EU Populists,weblink 9 April 2018, EUobserver, 9 April 2018, WEB, Murphy, Peter, Khera, Jastinder, Hungary's Orban Claims Victory as Nationalist Party Takes Sweeping Poll Lead,weblink 9 April 2018, The Times of Israel, 9 April 2018, With the start of 2019, the prime minister's residence was relocated from the Hungarian Parliament Building to the Buda Castle, a former Carmelite monastery and former royal residence. The move was first planned in 2002 during the first Fidesz government, but was never carried out. Government representatives stated the move was necessary to uphold the separation of the executive and legislative branch by physically separating the two (in contrast to the Communist era when the two branches operated in the same building) while the opposition criticized the move as profligate (the renovation cost Ft21bn, or â¬65.5M) and as a symbolic revival of the Horthy era (Miklós Horthy also took up residence in the building).WEB,weblink PM Moving to Buda Castle: Puritanism in a Former Monastery or Costly Restoration of the Horthy Era?, 7 January 2019, Hungary Today, 16 March 2019, 15 December 2021,weblink dead, WEB,weblink Orban se z novim letom seli v kraljevo palaÄo, Dnevnik, 16 March 2019, In 2019 local elections, the party lost its majority in General Assembly of Budapest and numerous city councils.2022âpresent: Fifth Orbán government
Fidesz won the 2022 Hungarian parliamentary election and secured a 3rd supermajority for the 4th time with 135 seats (of 199) in the legislature. Reuters described it as a "crushing victory".NEWS, Komuves, Anita, Szakacs, Gergely, 3 April 2022, Orban on track for crushing victory as Ukraine war solidifies support, en, Reuters,weblink 3 April 2022, With 54.13% of the popular vote, Fidesz received the highest vote share by any party since Hungary returned to democracy in 1989.NEWS, Tait, Robert, Garamvolgyi, Flora, 2022-04-03, Viktor Orbán wins fourth consecutive term as Hungary's prime minister, en-GB, The Guardian,weblink 2023-08-30, 0261-3077,Ideology and policies
Fidesz's position on the political spectrum has changed over time. At its inception as a student movement in the late 1980s, the party was positioned on the centre-left on the political spectrum,WEB, Florence La Bruyère, 13 December 2010, En Hongrie, le populisme au pouvoir,weblink Libération, fr, 17 April 2021, and it advocated for liberalismBOOK, Dieringer, Jürgen, Das Politische System der Republik Ungarn: Entstehung â Entwicklung â Europäisierung, (:de:Verlag Barbara Budrich, Verlag Barbara Budrich), 2009, 78â79, BOOK, Andor, Lásló, Hungary on the Road to the European Union, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2000, 69, and libertarianism.BOOK, Berglund, Sten, The Handbook of Political Change in Eastern Europe, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2013, 297, BOOK, Galston, William, Anti-Pluralism: The Populist Threat to Liberal Democracy, Yale University Press, 2020, 46, It was strongly committed towards anti-clericalBOOK, Pappas, Takis, Populism and Liberal Democracy, Oxford University Press, 2019, 157, BOOK, Pirro, Andrea, The Populist Radical Right in Central and Eastern Europe, Routledge, 2015, 154, and secular policies.BOOK, Arato, Andrew, Civil Society, Constitution, and Legitimacy, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2000, 286, As the Hungarian political landscape crystallized following the fall of Communism and the first free elections in 1990, Fidesz moved to the right four years later. Although Fidesz was in opposition to the Hungarian Democratic Forum's national-conservative coalition government from 1990 to 1994, Fidesz became the most prominent liberal-conservative political force in Hungary by 1998.BOOK, Tunkrova, Lucie, The Politics of EU Accession, Routledge, 2010, 137, BOOK, BibiÄ, Adolf, Civil Society, Political Society, Democracy, Slovenian Political Science Association, 1994, 275, It adopted nationalism,NEWS, 18 March 2021, Hungary's Fidesz quits European conservative group: 'Time to say goodbye', Reuters,weblink NEWS,weblink Hungary's Ruling Fidesz Party Quits European Center-Right Bloc, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, 18 March 2021, JOURNAL,weblink Fidesz and Faith: Ethno-Nationalism in Hungary, 2018, 10.17176/20180629-091745-0, Halmai, Gábor, Verfassungsblog: On Matters Constitutional, national-liberalism,BOOK, Anderson, Jay Colin, The Government and Party Systems of Hungary (1990-2000), Indiana University, 2001, 94, and Christian democracy in the early 2000s.NEWS, Schöpflin, György, 2013, Hungary: the Fidesz Project, Aspen Review Central Europe, 1,weblink 12 October 2019, It was positioned on the centre-right,NEWS, 26 May 1998, Stunning win for centre-right Fidesz party, The Irish Times,weblink 2 October 2019, although it moved more to the right as the decade progressed.NEWS, 18 December 2010, Fidesz: The story so far, The Economist,weblink 18 November 2011, WEB, 12 April 2010, Right-wing Fidesz win election by landslide,weblink 18 November 2011, Radio France Internationale, NEWS, Seres, Balint, 12 April 2010, Right-wing Fidesz party wins by landslide in Hungary elections, News AU,weblink 18 November 2011, 6 January 2016,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20160106082200weblink">weblink dead, Fidesz is currently a right-wing party,WEB, 11 October 2019, Sex tapes, scandals in Hungary's local election campaign,weblink abc news, Borkai is running for re-election as mayor of the northwestern city of Gyor, representing Orban's right-wing Fidesz party. Another leaked sex video featured an opposition politician, Tamas Wittinghoff, the mayor of a town near Budapest., and it is national conservativeWEB, Nordsieck, Wolfram, 2018, Hungary,weblink Parties and Elections in Europe, while favouring interventionist policies on economic issues like handling of banks,Dr VÃt HlouÅ¡ek, Dr LubomÃr Kopecek (2013). Origin, Ideology and Transformation of Political Parties: East-Central and Western Europe Compared. Ashgate Publishing. ps. 177.BOOK, Bozóki, András, The Hungarian Patient: Social Opposition to an Illiberal Democracy, 2015, Central European University Press, Krasztev, Péter, 21, Chapter 1: Broken Democracy, Predatory State, and Nationalist Populism, Van Til, Jon, BOOK, Mudde, Cas, On Extremism and Democracy in Europe, Routledge, 2016, 46, and has a strong conservative stance on social issues,BOOK, White, Stephen, Developments in Central and East European Politics, Macmillan, 2013, 35, BOOK, Tiryakian, Edward, New Nationalisms of the Developed West: Toward Explanation, 2020, In Hungary, Orbán and his social conservative Fidesz ..., BOOK, Bakke, Elisabeth, 20 Years since the Fall of the Berlin Wall: Transitions, State Break-Up and Democratic Politics in Central Europe and Germany, BMV Verlag, 2011, 257, a soft Eurosceptic vision towards European integration,NEWS,weblink Europe.view: Stars and soggy bottoms, The Economist, 14 February 2015, WEB,weblink Hegedűs Zsuzsa: Orbán igazi szociáldemokrata, Fent és lent â gátlástalan patriotizmus, 14 February 2015, WEB,weblinkweblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20140504110055weblink">weblink Democracy in Hungary: the defence of Fidesz, 4 May 2014, openDemocracy, CONFERENCE, Horvath, Attila, 2016, From Anti-communism to Anti-EUism: Faces of Fidesz's Euroscepticism,weblink UACES 46th Annual Conference, University Association for Contemporary European Studies, {{Dead link|date=January 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}NEWS, Hegedüs, Daniel, 27 May 2019, Can the right in East and West unite?, International Politics and Society,weblink 12 October 2019, NEWS, Petsinis, Vassilis, 23 February 2019, 'It is also the economy, stupid!' The rise of economic euroscepticism in Central and Eastern Europe, openDemocracy,weblink 12 October 2019, and has been described as right-wing populist.BOOK, Bieling, Hans-Jürgen, Asymmetric Crisis in Europe and Possible Futures: Critical Political Economy and Post-Keynesian Perspectives, Routledge, 2015, 978-1-317-65298-4, Jäger, Johannes, 110, Uneven development and 'European crisis constitutionalism', or the reasons for and conditions of a 'passive revolution in trouble', Springler, Elisabeth,weblink In the late 2010s, the party has increasingly been described as far-right;- NEWS,weblink Opposition in Hungary Demonstrates Against Orban, in Rare Display of Dissent, Kingsley, Patrick, The New York Times, 16 December 2018, 16 December 2018,
- NEWS,weblink Hungary Creates New Court System, Cementing Leader's Control of Judiciary, Novak, Benjamin, Kingsley, Patrick, The New York Times, 12 December 2018, 12 December 2018,
- WEB,weblink Michael Gove refuses to condemn far-right Hungarian leader Viktor Orban, Cowburn, Ashley, The Independent, 16 September 2018,
- WEB,weblink How Hungary Became a Haven for the Alt-Right, Schaeffer, Carol, The Atlantic, 28 May 2017, 28 May 2017,
- NEWS, Why rightwing populism has radicalised,weblink Simon, Kuper, 11 September 2019, Financial Times,
- WEB, The Hungarian paradigm shift: how right-wing are Fidesz supporters?,weblink Katherine, Kondor, 30 January 2019, openDemocracy,
- MAGAZINE, Viktor Orbán's Far-Right Vision for Europe,weblink Elisabeth, Zerofsky, 7 January 2019, The New Yorker,
- MAGAZINE, Hungary's Far-Right Government Has Been Getting a Boost from President Trump Ahead of E.U. Elections,weblink Vivienne, Walt, 22 May 2019, Time (magazine), Time,
- WEB, Hungarian opposition party says its meetings in parliament were bugged,weblink Hungarian politics is dominated by Viktor Orban's far-right Fidesz party, which is supported by a largely partisan pro-government media that marginalises opposition voices., Jon, Stone, 30 September 2019, The Independent,
- NEWS,weblink It happened there: how democracy died in Hungary, Beauchamp, Zack, Vox, 13 September 2018, 12 October 2019,
- NEWS,weblink Hungary's prime minister stole the country's democracy. Now Hungarians are rising up., Beauchamp, Zack, Vox, 17 December 2018, 12 October 2019,
- NEWS,weblink Top E.U. Coalition Suspends Party Led by Orban, Hungary's Leader, Santora, Marc, 20 March 2019, The New York Times, 29 May 2019, Erlanger, Steven, 0362-4331,
- WEB,weblink The Most Dangerous Man in the European Union, Lendvai, Paul, 7 April 2018, The Atlantic, 29 May 2019, BOOK, HlouÅ¡ek, VÃt, Origin, Ideology and Transformation of Political Parties: East-Central and Western Europe Compared, KopeÄek, LubomÃr, Ashgate, 2010, 115, NEWS, Kingsley, Patrick, 16 December 2018, Opposition in Hungary Demonstrates Against Orban, in Rare Display of Dissent, The New York Times,weblink 16 December 2018, NEWS, Novak, Benjamin, Kingsley, Patrick, 12 December 2018, Hungary Creates New Court System, Cementing Leader's Control of Judiciary, The New York Times,weblink 12 December 2018, WEB, Schaeffer, Carol, 28 May 2017, How Hungary Became a Haven for the Alt-Right,weblink 28 May 2017, The Atlantic, NEWS, Kuper, Simon, September 11, 2019, Why rightwing populism has radicalised, Financial Times,weblink WEB, Kondor, Katherine, January 30, 2019, The Hungarian paradigm shift: how right-wing are Fidesz supporters?,weblink openDemocracy, WEB, Stone, Jon, September 30, 2019, Hungarian opposition party says its meetings in parliament were bugged,weblink The Independent, Hungarian politics is dominated by Viktor Orban's far-right Fidesz party, which is supported by a largely partisan pro-government media that marginalises opposition voices., its ruling style has also been variously described as "soft fascism",NEWS,weblink Hungary's prime minister stole the country's democracy. Now Hungarians are rising up., Beauchamp, Zack, Vox, 17 December 2018, 12 October 2019, "soft dictatorship",NEWS,weblink Top E.U. Coalition Suspends Party Led by Orban, Hungary's Leader, Santora, Marc, 20 March 2019, The New York Times, 29 May 2019, Erlanger, Steven, 0362-4331, and "soft autocracy".WEB,weblink The Most Dangerous Man in the European Union, Lendvai, Paul, 7 April 2018, The Atlantic, 29 May 2019, The Fidesz party has denied such accusations and distanced itself from the extreme right,NEWS,weblink Hungarian Leader Adopts Policies of Far-Right, Verseck, Keno, Der Spiegel, 30 January 2013, 30 January 2013, criticising such accusations as politically motivated opposition to its anti-immigrant policiesWEB, András, BÃró, Tamás, Boros, Ãron, Varga, Euroszkepticizmus Magyarországon,weblinkweblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20150906103039weblink">weblink 6 September 2015, Policy Solutions, hu, and pursuit of illiberal democracy.NEWS,weblink Hungarian PM sees shift to illiberal Christian democracy in 2019 European vote, Reuters, 28 July 2018, 28 July 2018, NEWS,weblink EU Parliament votes to trigger Article 7 sanctions procedure against Hungary, Staudenmaier, Rebecca, Deutsche Welle, 12 September 2018, 12 October 2019, JOURNAL, Korkut, Umut, Resentment and Reorganization: Anti-Western Discourse and the Making of Eurasianism in Hungary,weblink Acta Slavica Iaponica, 38, 71â90, NEWS, Barber, Tony, 9 October 2018, Trust in Europe's illiberal governments grows, Financial Times,weblinkweblink 10 December 2022, subscription, 10 January 2020, NEWS, Foster, Peter, 29 May 2019, A 'climate of fear': Hungary, inside a dying democracy propped up by the EU, The Telegraph,weblinkweblink 12 January 2022, subscription, live, 10 January 2021, 0307-1235, {{cbignore}}
Illiberal democracy
File:Countries democratizing or autocratizing substantially and significantly 2010â2020.svg|thumb|300x300px|Countries autocratizing (red) or democratizing (blue) substantially and significantly (2010â2020). Countries in grey are substantially unchanged.Nazifa Alizada, Rowan Cole, Lisa Gastaldi, Sandra Grahn, Sebastian Hellmeier, Palina Kolvani, Jean Lachapelle, Anna Lührmann, Seraphine F. Maerz, Shreeya Pillai, and Staffan I. Lindberg. 2021. Autocratization Turns Viral. Democracy Report 2021. University of Gothenburg: V-Dem Institute.weblink {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210914030243weblink |date=14 September 2021 }} Hungary was during this decade one of the countries with the most democratic backslidingdemocratic backslidingOrbán and other Fidesz politicians have prominently described their model of government as a Christian illiberal democracy.NEWS,weblink Hungarian PM sees shift to illiberal Christian democracy in 2019..., 28 July 2018, Reuters, 16 March 2019, NEWS,weblink On the Surface, Hungary Is a Democracy. But What Lies Underneath?, Kingsley, Patrick, 25 December 2018, The New York Times, 16 March 2019, 0362-4331, Orbán has described liberal democracy as having undemocratic characteristics because of "being intolerant of alternative views", and being incompatible with and antithetical to Christian democracy (saying: "Christian democracy is, by definition, not liberal: it is, if you like, illiberal."), and praised Turkey, Russia, China, and Singapore as successful examples of illiberal states.NEWS,weblink Viktor Orban Steers Hungary Toward Russia 25 Years After Fall of the Berlin Wall, Lyman, Rick, 7 November 2014, The New York Times, 16 March 2019, Smale, Alison, 0362-4331, NEWS,weblink Elections in Hungary Tighten Prime Minister's Hold on Power, Lyman, Rick, 13 October 2014, The New York Times, 16 March 2019, 0362-4331,Economy
{{See also|Orbanomics}}Like the Hungarian right in general, Fidesz has been more skeptical of the neoliberal economic policies than the Hungarian left. According to researchers, the elites of the Hungarian left (the Hungarian Socialist Party and the former Alliance of Free Democrats) have been differentiated from the right by being more supportive of the classical liberal economic policies, while the right (especially extreme right) has advocated more economic interventionist policies. In contrast, on issues like church and state and family policies, the liberals show alignment along the traditional leftâright spectrum.Bodan TodosijeviÄ The Hungarian Voter: LeftâRight Dimension as a Clue to Policy Preferences in International Political Science Review (2004), Vol 25, No. 4, p. 421 In the past, Fidesz has implemented several economic liberal policies, including an income flat tax, reductions in the corporate tax rate, restrictions on unemployment benefits, and privatisation of state-owned land.NEWS, Reuters, 3 April 2018, RPT-As Hungary roars ahead, Orbanomics leaves some of the poorest behind,weblink NEWS, Financial Times, Hungary to offer EU's lowest corporate tax rate, 17 November 2016,weblinkweblink 10 December 2022, subscription, live, NEWS, The Budapest Beacon, Tiborcz and Mészáros families big winners in Fejér county land privatizationForeign policy
NATO intervention in Yugoslavia
During the NATO-led bombing of Yugoslavia, Orbán refused the requests of the United States and Great Britain to invade the northernmost territory of Serbia in order to hinder the intervention of Serbian forces in Kosovo. However, he expressed concern about the situation of the Hungarian minority in Serbia and had to cede airspace to NATO forces because Hungary had obtained NATO membership before the war.WEB, Amerikanci naredili MaÄarskoj da napadne Srbiju 1999. godine, Orban je to odbio,weblink 2023-08-02, Politika Online, WEB, CNN - Budapest fears Yugo attack on ethnic Hungarians - April 30, 1999,weblink 2023-08-02, edition.cnn.com,Invasion of Iraq
Fidesz opposed the 2003 invasion of Iraq and Hungarian participation in it, questioning the international legitimacy of the invasion.NEWS, Political Capital, Mit jelent a háború a magyar belpolitikában?, 27 March 2003,weblinkEuropean Union
Despite the conflict with the European People's Party and European Union (EU) institutions, Fidesz and the Orbán government have claimed to be not in conflict with, but purportedly in line with pan-European values. As he struggled to maintain rapport with the EPP, Orbán began forming a right-wing populist alliance to electorally challenge the conservative EU establishment despite voicing a desire for Fidesz to remain a member.NEWS,weblink European conservative gives ultimatum to Hungarian leader, 5 March 2019, Reuters, 14 March 2019, Orbán and his government have clashed with the EU over the handling of the 2014â2016 European migrant crisis and the death penalty, which is prohibited by EU rules.NEWS,weblink E.U.'s Leadership Seeks to Contain Hungary's Orban, Kingsley, Patrick, 11 September 2018, The New York Times, 13 March 2019, 0362-4331, NEWS,weblink EU chief warns Hungary over return of death penalty comments, Traynor, Ian, 30 April 2015, The Guardian, 13 March 2019, 0261-3077,Russia and Ukraine
Hungary was the only EU member state to vote against financial aid for Ukraine during its conflict with Russia-sponsored separatists, and has been a vocal critic of EU sanctions against Russia for its actions in Ukraine.WEB,weblink Does Hungary's relationship with Russia send a message to the EU?, Al Jazeera, 13 March 2019, The main cause is that since 2017, relations with Ukraine rapidly deteriorated over the issue of the Hungarian minority in Ukraine. Hungary has been obstructing Ukraine's integration efforts in the EU and NATO, even though Hungary has also been continuously helping and supporting Ukraine, with an exceptional attention to Transcarpathia."Hungary-Ukraine relations hit new low over troop deployment {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331181346weblink |date=31 March 2019 }}". New Europe. 26 March 2018.WEB,weblink Hungary again blocks NATO-Ukraine Commission, vows to continue â KyivPost â Ukraine's Global Voice, 3 October 2018, Kyiv Post, WEB,weblink Szijjártó Péter: Magyarország arányos választ ad Ukrajnának, ha kiutasÃtanák a konzult, Orbán has strongly criticized EU sanctions against Russia but abstained from vetoing them. The Fidesz government joined the UK-led diplomatic offensive after the poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal, expelling Russian embassy officials. Orbán has hailed Russia as an exemplary case of illiberal democracy.NEWS, Janjevic, Darko, Vladimir Putin and Viktor Orban's special relationship,weblink 12 October 2019, Deutsche Welle, 13 March 2019, During his presidency, Orbán has been described as drawing closer to Russian president Vladimir Putin. The closer relationship between the two leaders and nations has however largely been motivated by a tighter economic relationship, part of the government's "Eastern Opening" strategy, announced in 2011.The Fourth Orbán Government initially strongly condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine, aligning the country with NATO and the European Union on the matter: Orbán announced that Hungary would be sending humanitarian aid to Ukraine, but declined to send military equipment.WEB, 2022-02-24, PM Orbán: "Together with Our EU and NATO Allies, We Condemn Russia's Military Attack",weblink Hungary Today, en, President János Ãder (also a Fidesz member) strongly condemned the Russian invasion, comparing it to the 1956 Soviet invasion of Hungary.WEB, 2022-02-26, President Ãder: Hungary Strongly Condemns Russia's Attack on Ukraine,weblink 2022-03-18, Hungary Today, en, However, Fidesz soon realigned with its formerly pro-Russian position: the party repeatedly opposed sanctions against the Russian Federation, prompting international press to describe Orbán as "a key Putin's ally".NEWS, 2022-03-11, Hungary PM Orban says EU will not sanction Russian gas or oil, en, Reuters,weblink WEB, Bardi, Balint, Picheta, Robi, 4 April 2022, Viktor Orban, key Putin ally, calls Zelensky an 'opponent' after winning Hungary election,weblink CNN, Orbán has called for Russia and the United States to negotiate a diplomatic resolution to the conflict, stating that the Ukrainians could not win the war militarily.NEWS, Al Jazeera,weblink Hungary's Orban says 'poor Ukrainians' cannot win against Russia, 23 May 2023,Immigration
Fidesz has adopted anti-immigration stances and rhetoric.NEWS,weblink A Race to the Far Right in Hungarian Politics, NPR, 28 February 2017, NEWS,weblink Hungary set to reject EU refugee quotas in referendum, 2 October 2016, The Independent, 28 February 2017, WEB,weblink's-future-antiimmigration-antimulticulturalism-and-antiro, Hungary's future: anti-immigration, anti-multiculturalism and anti-Roma?, 3 August 2015, openDemocracy, 28 February 2017, NEWS,weblink Hungary government condemned over anti-immigration drive, Nolan, Daniel, 2 July 2015, The Guardian, 28 February 2017, 0261-3077, The Fidesz government has conversely begun admitting increasing numbers of foreign workers due to a labour shortage resulting from strong economic growth, population decline, and rising wages.NEWS,weblink Hungary, Loudly Opposed to Immigration, Opens Doors to More Foreign Workers, Bojan Pancevski in Budapest and Adam Bihari in Mór, Hungary, Wall Street Journal, 8 September 2019, www.wsj.com, WEB,weblink Number of Foreigners Coming to Hungary to Work Growing, 24 September 2019, WEB,weblink In Orban's Hungary, more migrants due to labor shortage, 30 September 2019, InfoMigrants,Nativism
In a 2018 address, Orbán said: "We must state that we do not want to be diverse and do not want to be mixed: we do not want our own colour, traditions and national culture to be mixed with those of others. We do not want this. We do not want that at all. We do not want to be a diverse country."WEB,weblink Prime Minister Viktor Orbán's speech at the annual general meeting of the Association of Cities with County Rights â miniszterelnok.hu, miniszterelnok.hu, 13 March 2019, Orbán has "often expressed a preference for a racially homogeneous society."NEWS, Kingsley, Patrick, 25 December 2018, On the Surface, Hungary Is a Democracy. But What Lies Underneath?, The New York Times,weblink 13 March 2019, 0362-4331, The government has modified the country's Constitution to make it illegal to "settle foreign populations in Hungary."NEWS,weblink Hungary Criminalizes Aiding Illegal Immigrants, Kingsley, Patrick, 20 June 2018, The New York Times, 14 March 2019, 0362-4331, Despite a very low fertility rate that has led to a demographic deficit, the Fidesz government has remained steadfastly opposed to economic immigration that has been harnessed by other European countries to relieve its worker deficits. Instead, the government announced pecuniary incentives (including eliminating taxes for mothers with more than 3 children, and reducing credit payments and easier access to government-subsidized mortgages), and expanding day care and kindergarten access.NEWS,weblink Orban Encourages Mothers in Hungary to Have 4 or More Babies, Kingsley, Patrick, 11 February 2019, The New York Times, 13 March 2019, 0362-4331, The Fidesz government's child incentive program also offers a 10-million-forint government-subsidized zero-interest loan to married couples who are willing to have a baby after 1 July 2019.WEB,weblink Hungary's new childbirth incentive program {{!, Bank360|website=bank360.hu|language=hu|access-date=24 July 2019}}Social policy
Changes passed by the Fidesz government have given citizens the right to use arms for self-defense on one's own property.NEWS,weblink Blurring Boundaries: Hungarian Leader Adopts Policies of Far-Right, Verseck, Keno, 30 January 2013, Der Spiegel, 16 March 2019, Fidesz has passed legislation criminalising homelessness.NEWS,weblink As West Fears the Rise of Autocrats, Hungary Shows What's Possible, Kingsley, Patrick, 10 February 2018, The New York Times, 14 March 2019, 0362-4331,Christianity
Orbán has on multiple occasions emphasized upholding Christian values as central to his government,WEB,weblink Hungary's Orban vows defence of 'Christian' Europe, Al Jazeera, 16 March 2019, NEWS,weblink Orbán pledges to keep Hungary safe and Christian, Aleksandra Wróbel, 7 May 2018, Politico, 16 March 2019, WEB,weblink Hungarian prime minister Viktor Orban vows to create 'Christian homeland' ahead of general election, 7 April 2018, The Independent, 16 March 2019, WEB,weblink We must defend Christian culture, Orban, Viktor, and has described his government as creating a Christian democracy. Hungarian Catholic bishop András Veres described some of Fidesz' policies, such as providing free IVF treatment for couples at state-run clinics, as being at odds with some Christian denominations, particularly the Roman Catholic Church, which opposes IVF.WEB,weblink Veres András: A lombikbébiprogram minden formája bűn, Ãgnes Kovacsik, 24 August 2017, Magyar Nemzet, 27 April 2020, Orbán is a member of the Reformed Church in Hungary.WEB, Chitwood, Ken, Hungarian Evangelicals Thank God for Viktor Orbán Victory,weblink 2023-05-02, News & Reporting, 18 April 2022, en,Other
Anti-communism
The party is anti-communist."EU chief defends Marx in controversial speech to mark communist's birth". Yahoo News. 4 May 2018. In May 2018, the President of the European Commission Jean-Claude Juncker attended and spoke at a celebration of the deceased Karl Marx's 200th birthday, where he defended Marx's legacy. In response, MEPs from Fidesz wrote: "Marxist ideology led to the death of tens of millions and ruined the lives of hundreds of millions. The celebration of its founder is a mockery of their memory."The Fidesz government spokesman Zoltán Kovács justified the government's controversial policies as an effort to "get rid of the remnants of communism that are still with us, not only in terms of institutions but in terms of mentality."During the party's rule, statues of communists regarded as traitors have been removed with Fidesz politicians in attendance. In December 2018, Hungarian authorities removed a statue of Imre Nagy for renovation. Nagy was a Hungarian reformist communist politician who led the failed anti-Soviet 1956 Hungarian Revolution and was later executed for his role in the uprising; the statue was replaced with a memorial dedicated to the victims of the short-lived 1919 Hungarian Soviet Republic.NEWS,weblink Hungary removes uprising hero's statue, 28 December 2018, 16 March 2019,National Consultations and political informational campaigns
The government has often propagated Fidesz's political ideas in tax-funded advertisements, putting up posters portraying a grinning George Soros, while calling on the citizens to oppose his purported support of illegal immigration (many of the posters portraying Soros, who is Jewish, were defaced with antisemitic graffiti),WEB,weblink Hungary just passed a 'Stop Soros' law that makes it illegal to help undocumented migrants, Beauchamp, Zack, 22 June 2018, Vox, 14 March 2019, NEWS,weblink Hungary accused of 'hatemongering' in national survey targeting George Soros, Bearak, Max, The Washington Post, posters depicting Soros and European Commission head Jean-Claude Juncker laughing together with text suggesting Soros' control of EU institutions (while also disseminating the accusation by letters sent to all Hungarian citizens),NEWS,weblink Brussels accuses Orbán of peddling conspiracy theory with Juncker poster, Rankin, Jennifer, 19 February 2019, The Guardian, 14 March 2019, 0261-3077, NEWS,weblink Commission hits back over Hungary's anti-Juncker campaign, Bayer, Lili, 28 February 2019, Politico, 14 March 2019, NEWS,weblink Hungary launches campaign targeting Jean-Claude Juncker, Bayer, Lili, 18 February 2019, Politico, 14 March 2019, and posters using the stock photo featuring photo models from the "distracted boyfriend" internet meme to promote family values.NEWS,weblink 'Distracted boyfriend' in pro-family ad, 13 March 2019, 14 March 2019, NEWS,weblink Hungary uses 'distracted boyfriend' meme couple in new campaign, Dallison, Paul, 13 March 2019, Politico, 14 March 2019, Additionally, various party members have been accused of antisemitism.BOOK, I. Erosion of Rule of Law, Human Rights Protections and Tolerance, The Future of U.S-Hungary Relations, U.S. Government Publishing Office, 2015, United States, 36, WEB, Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche, Hate speech in the Hungarian election campaign {{!, DW {{!}} 13.12.2017|url=https://www.dw.com/en/hate-speech-in-the-hungarian-election-campaign/a-41786438|access-date=2020-10-18|website=DW.COM|language=en-GB}}The government has employed so-called National Consultations, sending questionnaires to citizens that survey their opinions on government policy and legislation while pushing the Fidesz governments' ideology and agenda with suggestive questions (e.g. by referring to a supposed "Soros plan" to "convince Brussels to resettle at least one million immigrants from Africa and the Middle East annually on the territory of the European Union, including Hungary", that this "is part of the Soros plan to launch political attacks on countries objecting to immigration and impose strict penalties on them", and asking citizens whether they agree, or blasting "Brussels bureaucrats" in a consultation about family policy).JOURNAL, SAGE Journals, 10.1177/0038038518762081, 149914301, NEWS, Byrne, Andrew, 3 October 2017, Hungary steps up anti-Soros rhetoric with 'national consultation', Financial Times,weblinkweblink 10 December 2022, subscription, live, WEB,weblink Govʼt launches 'National Consultation' on families, blasts EU, Budapest Business Journal, 14 March 2019, On other occasions, such as just prior to elections, the government sent letters notifying citizens that it will reduce their gas payments by â¬38, or sent pensioners gift vouchers. The Fidesz government has also carried out taxpayer-funded "information campaigns", or "national messaging initiatives", that have denounced supposed enemies of Hungary with budgets of tens of millions of euros per year.NEWS,weblink Orbán's media puppetmaster, 4 April 2018, Politico, 14 March 2019,Youth wing
The Fidesz youth affiliate Fidelitas was founded in 1996.WEB, Közösség {{!, Fidelitas |url=https://fidelitas.hu/kozosseg |access-date=2023-04-25 |website=fidelitas.hu |language=hu}}WEB, Origo, 2012-07-30, Ãgy épÃtkezett Orbán felfedezettje - Rogán Antal pályájának titkos története I.,weblink 2023-04-25, www.origo.hu, hu, In December 2022, Dániel Farkas was elected president, succeeding Boglárka Illés.WEB, Mariann, Krupincza, TisztújÃtó kongresszust tartott a Fidelitas â Farkas Dániel lett a szervezet új elnöke {{!, Mandiner |url=https://mandiner.hu/cikk/20221203_belfold_kozelet_fidelitas_tisztujitas_tudositas |access-date=2023-04-25 |website=mandiner.hu |date=3 December 2022 |language=hu}} Fidelitas is a member of European Democrat Students (EDS)WEB, Members,weblink 2023-04-25, European Democrat Students, en-GB, and the International Young Democracy Union.WEB, 2021-07-08, Members,weblink 2023-04-25, IYDU, en, 24 October 2021,weblink dead,International affiliations
Fidesz was a member of the Liberal International from 1992 to 2000, and is currently a member of the International Democratic Union and Centrist Democrat International.European UnionFollowing its ideological turn to conservatism, it joined the centre-right European People's Party (EPP) but was suspended on 20 March 2019. Fidesz MEPs left the European People's Party group in the European Parliament on 3 March 2021,NEWS, 18 March 2021, Hungary: Viktor Orban's ruling Fidesz party quits European People's Party, Deutsche Welle,weblink 1 August 2021, NEWS, de la Baume, Maïa, Bayer, Lili, 21 March 2019, Hungary's Orbán clings on to Europe's power center, Politico,weblink 21 March 2019, NEWS, 3 March 2021, Orbán's Fidesz quits EPP group in European Parliament, Politico,weblink after the EPP changed its rules to allow it to expel a party's entire delegation.TWEET, Fidesz has decided to leave the EPP Group., 1367053668458106881, 3 March 2021, 3 March 2021, KatalinNovakMP, NEWS, Hungary's Orbán clings on to Europe's power center,weblink 21 March 2019, 21 March 2019, Politico, de la Baume, Maïa, Bayer, Lili, NEWS, Henley, Jon, 3 March 2021, Hungary's Fidesz party to leave European parliament centre-right group, The Guardian,weblink NEWS, Deutsche Welle, Hungary: Viktor Orban's ruling Fidesz party quits European People's Party, 18 March 2021,weblink 1 August 2021, It has served with the Non-Inscrits since then.NEWS, Brzozowski, Alexandra, Makszimov, Vlagyiszlav, 3 March 2021, Orbán's Fidesz leaves EPP Group before being kicked out, Euractiv,weblink 4 March 2021, In July 2021, Fidesz signed a joint declaration with National Rally, Law and Justice, Vox, the League, the Brothers of Italy, the Estonian Conservative People's Party, the Freedom Party of Austria, Belgium's Vlaams Belang, the Danish People's Party, the Finns Party, VMRO â Bulgarian National Movement, Greek Solution, the Romanian Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party and Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania â Christian Families Alliance on the future of the EU.NEWS, 2 July 2021, Orbán, Le Pen, Salvini, KaczyÅski join forces to impact on the future of EU, Euractiv,weblink NEWS, 6 July 2021, Orban, Le Pen, Salvini, Kaczynski join forces to impact on the future of EU, European Business Review,weblink In December 2021, the party participated in the Warsaw summit with Law and Justice, the Estonian Conservative People's Party, the Finns Party, the Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party, Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania â Christian Families Alliance, the Freedom Party of Austria, Vox, National Rally, Vlaams Belang and the Dutch JA21, signing a document outlining new collaboration at the EU level between the parties.WEB,weblink Marine Le Pen i Viktor Orban w Warszawie. Europejska prawica dyskutuje o przyszÅoÅci UE â EURACTIV.pl, 4 December 2021, NEWS, Deutsche Welle, European populist far-right parties meet in Warsaw, 5 December 2022,weblink In January 2022, the party participated in the Madrid summit, hosted by Vox, alongside National Rally, Law and Justice, Vlaams Belang, JA21, the Estonian Conservative People's Party, the Freedom Party of Austria, VMRO - Bulgarian National Movement, the Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party and Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania â Christian Families Alliance, signing a joint declaration on policies towards the EU and Russia.WEB,weblink Pan-European Delegation of National-Conservatives Gather in Madrid â the European Conservative, 28 January 2022, WEB,weblink Far-right leaders agree on 'roadmap for sovereign and patriotic Europe', 31 January 2022, In November 2022, Fidesz MEPs signed a cooperation agreement with MEPs from Sovereign Poland, Vox, Lega, the Freedom Party of Austria and the National Rally to collaborate within the European Parliament.NEWS, Ansa,weblink 24 November 2022, Migranti: Id-Ecr-Fidesz firmano a Pe documento congiunto, European countries- Austria
- Belgium
- Czech Republic
- Croatia
- France
- Germany
- Italy
- North Macedonia
- Poland
- Serbia
- Slovenia
- Slovakia
- Other
- Hungarian national minority parties
Criticism and controversies
Fidesz has been accused of exhibiting anti-democratic and authoritarian tendencies while in government. The Fidesz-led government has been accused of severely restricting media freedom, undermining the independence of the courts, subjugating and politicising independent and non-governmental institutions, spying on political opponents, engaging in electoral engineering, and assailing critical NGOs. The Fidesz-led government has been accused of engaging in cronyism and corruption. Fidesz has been accused of antisemitism, and the Fidesz-led government has been accused of passing legislation that violates the rights of queer persons. Due to its controversial actions, Fidesz and its government have come in conflict with the EU on multiple occasions.Leaders {| class"sortable wikitable"
!! Image! Name! Entered office! Left office! Length of Leadership! NoteElectoral results
National Assembly
(File:Consecutive Fidesz SMCs.png|thumb|right|250px|Fidesz strongholds: single-member constituencies electing a Fidesz MP in 1998, 2002 and 2006. Pale orange districts elected candidates of partner FKGP.){| class="wikitable"European Parliament{| classwikitable! Election year! # of overall votes! % of overall vote! # of overall seats won! +/â! Notes ! 2004| 1,457,750| 47.4% (1st)12 hex={{party color|Fidesz}}}}| | ! 20091| 1,632,309| 56.36% (1st)13 hex={{party color|Fidesz}}}}| {{increase}} 1| ! 20141| 1,193,991| 51.48% (1st)11 hex={{party color|Fidesz}}}}| {{decrease}} 2| ! 20191| 1,824,220| 52.56% (1st)12 hex={{party color|Fidesz}}}}| {{increase}} 1| 1 Joint list with Christian Democratic People's Party (KDNP)References
{{Reflist}}External links
{{commons category|Fidesz}}
- Fidesz â Hungarian Civic Union Official website
- Fidesz page on the website of the European People's Party
- weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20060310004229weblink">Speech delivered by Mr Viktor Orban at the 17th Congress of Fidesz upon his election as president of Fidesz â Hungarian Civic Union, 17 May 2003 (from Google's cache)
- weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20051129071015weblink">The History of Fidesz (from Google's cache)
- weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20070930185401weblink">Hungary's PM calls confidence vote
{{Hungarian political parties}}{{International Democracy Union}}{{European People's Party}}{{Authority control}}
- content above as imported from Wikipedia
- "Fidesz" does not exist on GetWiki (yet)
- time: 5:45am EDT - Sat, May 18 2024
- "Fidesz" does not exist on GetWiki (yet)
- time: 5:45am EDT - Sat, May 18 2024
[ this remote article is provided by Wikipedia ]
LATEST EDITS [ see all ]
GETWIKI 23 MAY 2022
The Illusion of Choice
Culture
Culture
GETWIKI 09 JUL 2019
Eastern Philosophy
History of Philosophy
History of Philosophy
GETWIKI 09 MAY 2016
GetMeta:About
GetWiki
GetWiki
GETWIKI 18 OCT 2015
M.R.M. Parrott
Biographies
Biographies
GETWIKI 20 AUG 2014
GetMeta:News
GetWiki
GetWiki
© 2024 M.R.M. PARROTT | ALL RIGHTS RESERVED