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{{For|the company formerly known as Qt Software|The Qt Company}}{{Confuse|QuickTime}}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}

factoids

propertyreference|P348}}C++ (C++17)Android (operating system)>Android, iOS, Linux (Linux on embedded systems, Wayland (display server protocol)>Wayland, X Window System), macOS, Microsoft Windows, WebAssembly, List of platforms supported by Qt>...HTTPS://DOC.QT.IO/QT-5/SUPPORTED-PLATFORMS.HTML>TITLE=SUPPORTED PLATFORMS, | platform = Cross-platform| size = | genre = Cross-platform software and Software development tools

• Qt Commercial License
• GPL 2.0, 3.0
• LGPL 3.0WEB,weblink Adding LGPL v3 to Qt, 20 August 2014, }}

weblink}}}}{{Short description|Object-oriented framework for software development}}Qt (pronounced "cute"WEB,weblink Qt - About Us,weblink 22 February 2017, WEB,weblink That Smartphone Is So Qt, 16 February 2010, Ashlee Vance, Ashlee Vance, 19 February 2010, or as an initialism) is cross-platform application development framework for creating graphical user interfaces as well as cross-platform applications that run on various software and hardware platforms such as Linux, Windows, macOS, Android or embedded systems with little or no change in the underlying codebase while still being a native application with native capabilities and speed.Qt is currently being developed by The Qt Company, a publicly listed company, and the Qt Project under open-source governance, involving individual developers and organizations working to advance Qt.WEB,weblink KDE Applauds Qt's Move to Open Governance, KDE.News, Lydia, Pintscher, 21 October 2011, 8 May 2013, NEWS, Meyer, David,weblink Nokia gives Qt open-source governance, ZDNet, 24 October 2011, 8 May 2013, WEB,weblink Defragmenting Qt and Uniting Our Ecosystem, Lars, Knoll, 6 August 2014, Qt is available under both commercial licenses and open-source GPL 2.0, GPL 3.0, and LGPL 3.0 licenses.

Purposes and abilities

Qt is used for developing graphical user interfaces (GUIs) and multi-platform applications that run on all major desktop platforms and mobile or embedded platforms.Most GUI programs created with Qt have a native-looking interface, in which case Qt is classified as a widget toolkit. Non-GUI programs can also be developed, such as command-line tools and consoles for servers. An example of such a non-GUI program using Qt is the Cutelyst web framework.WEB,weblink Cutelyst - Home, Qt supports various C++ compilers, including the GCC and Clang C++ compilers and the Visual Studio suite. It supports other languages with bindings or extensions, such as Python via Python bindingsWEB, 2023-12-27, PyQt Documentation,weblink www.riverbankcomputing.com, and PHP via an extension for PHP5,WEB, 2020-10-10, PHP-Qt - the Qt extension for php,weblink live,weblink" title="archive.today/20201012023551weblink">weblink 12 October 2020, 2020-10-12, www.php-qt.org, and has extensive internationalization support. Qt also provides Qt Quick, that includes a declarative scripting language called QML that allows using JavaScript to provide the logic. With Qt Quick, rapid application development for mobile devices became possible, while logic can still be written with native code as well to achieve the best possible performance.Other features include SQL database access, XML parsing, JSON parsing, thread management and network support.

Releases

The latest version of the Qt Framework is Qt 6.7, which was released on April 2, 2024.Also still supported are - for commercial users - 6.5 LTS, released on April 3, 2023, 6.2 LTS,WEB,weblink Qt 6.2.2 Released, 1 Dec 2021, Qt, The Qt Company, 6 Dec 2021, released on 30 September 2021, and 5.15 LTS, released on 26 May 2020 – long-term support (LTS) versions are generally supported for three years with a commercial license, while 5.15 support was extended to five years for subscription license holders, and so it is supported until 26 May 2025. Additionally the KDE project provides unofficial support for, at least, Qt 5.15, i.e. not just for commercial users.

Qt in use

In 2017, the Qt Company estimated a community of about 1 million developers worldwideWEB,weblink QT GROUP OYJ - Managers' Transactions, 12/4/2017, 12 April 2017, 8 June 2017, in over 70 industries.BOOK,weblink Handbook of Research on Born Globals, Chapter 10: Born Global Firms, Internet, and New Forms of Internationalization, Rotem, Shneor, 2012, Edward Elgar, 8 June 2017, 9780857938046,

Desktop UIs

File:KDE Mascot Konqi for Qt.png|thumb|KDE's mascot KonqiKonqiGraphical user-interfaces and desktop environments that utilize Qt/QML as widget toolkit:

• KDE Plasma, a libre desktop environment for various computing devicesWEB,weblink The KDE development platform,
• DDE (Deepin Desktop Environment) of Linux DeepinWEB,weblink Beautifully Crafted Deepin 15 Linux OS Drops Ubuntu for Debian Sid, RC Out Now, Marius Nestor, 24 December 2015, The Deepin desktop environment has been refactored in the latest Qt GUI toolkit, replacing the HTML5 and WebKit frameworks, while Go is still used for the backend., WEB,weblink 深度操作系统 15 RC ——用真心捕获你的芳心 – 深度科技社区, 23 December 2015, Deepin.org, 15 June 2017,
• UKUI (Ubuntu Kylin User Interface)WEB,weblink Wowser, the UKUI 3.0 Desktop Looks Phenomenal (Updated), Joey Sneddon, omg!ubuntu!, 5 February 2020,
• CutefishDE, a desktop environment built with Qt Quick and essential KDE frameworks WEB,weblink OMGUbuntu Review, 11 June 2021,
• LXQt (Lightweight X11 Desktop Environment)
• Lumina, a desktop environment designed for BSD-based TrueOSWEB,weblink Lumina Homepage,
• Lomiri (formerly Unity8),WEB,weblink Lomiri: New name, Same Great Unity8, ubports.com, 12 July 2019, a convergent desktop environment started by Canonical, maintained by UbportsWEB,weblink Unity8 Code Repository on Github, Github.com, 13 September 2022,
• Maui Shell, a DE that also features their own app suiteWEB,weblink Review by Tylers Tech channel, YouTube,
• Unity 2D, a desktop shell written in Qt and Qml
• Trinity DE, a continuously developed fork based on KDE3WEB,weblink About Trinity, www.trinitydesktop.org, 25 April 2019,
• SDDM, a display manager written in QML that is compatible with X11 and Wayland.

Embedded and mobile UIs

• Actively developed or maintained
  • AsteroidOS, an open source operating system designed for smartwatches
  • Avionics, Panasonic's in-flight entertainment systemWEB,weblink X Series Qt-based graphical user interface, 14 March 2016,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20160223130443weblink">weblink 23 February 2016, dead, WEB,weblink Avionics powered by Qt, 17 June 2015,
  • Sailfish OS, a mobile operating system developed by Jolla
  • Plasma Mobile, a touch-based GUI developed by KDE
  • LuneOS, community-driven successor for Palm/HP webOS
  • Nemo Mobile, based on Mer
  • Lomiri, formerly known as Unity8, a phone UI developed by Ubports, originally by Canonical
  • Tesla Model S in-car UIWEB,weblink Qt Interface, 23 October 2013,
  • webOS, a multitask operating system from LG for smart devices like TVs and smartwatches
  • Sky Q, the home entertainment system of Sky plcWEB,weblink Sky teams up with The QT Company on Sky Q, 19 April 2016,
• Available, but inactive
  • MeeGo handset and tablet UX
  • Qtopia, a system by Nokia for embedded and mobile devices

Applications using Qt

{{See also|Category:Software that uses Qt|Category:Proprietary software that uses Qt}}Many notable open-source or proprietary cross-platform software are using Qt or QML: {{Div col}}

• 010 Editor, a commercial hex editor and text editor for Microsoft Windows, Linux and macOS.
• Ableton Live
• Adobe Photoshop AlbumBOOK,weblink C++ GUI Programming with Qt4 By Jasmin Blanchette, Mark Summerfield, 9780132703000, Blanchette, Jasmin, Summerfield, Mark, 4 February 2008, Pearson Education,
• Adobe Photoshop ElementsBOOK, Mobile Computing, Applications, and Services: First International ICST Conference, MobiCASE 2009, San Diego, CA, USA, October 26-29, 2009, Revised Selected Papers, Edited by Petros Zerfos, Rebecca Montanari, Thomas Phan, 9783642126062, Zerfos, Petros, Montanari, Rebecca, Phan, Thomas, 11 May 2010, Springer,weblink
• AMD's Radeon Software Crimson Edition driver tool application.WEB,weblink AMD Radeon Software Crimson: A new name and a new look for Catalyst, Mark, Walton, 2 November 2015,
• Audacious, a music player for Linux, Microsoft Windows, and other Unix-like operating systems.
• Autodesk MayaWEB,weblink Qt in Autodesk, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20110723145736weblink">weblink 23 July 2011,
• Autodesk 3ds MaxWEB,weblink What's New: 3ds Max 2018 SDK, help.autodesk.com, 14 June 2019, 3ds Max 2018 now uses Qt 5.6.2, and plug-ins can build UIs in Qt using the standard GPL Qt 5.6.2 distribution, and the Visual Studio 2015 Qt add-on,
• Bitcoin Core, the reference bitcoin implementation. Most bitcoin forks also provide the reference GUI.
• Calibre, ebook collection applicationWEB, Plugin devs: Upcoming migration to Qt 6 - MobileRead Forums,weblink
• Celestia, real-time 3D simulator of the entire known universe (Qt only available with v1.7.0)
• CryEngine V editorWEB,weblink An update on our Sandbox interface and the Legacy Editor,
• DaVinci Resolve, a video editor
• Dogecoin CoreWEB,weblink Dogecoin Core &91;DOGE, Ð&93;, GitHub, community-driven cryptocurrency software.
• Dolphin (emulator), an emulator for the Wii and GameCube
• Dorico notation software
• DragonframeWEB, Dyami Caliri, Qt Champion 2014,weblink stop motion animation software
• EAGLE by CadSoft Computer / Autodesk, an EDA application with schematic capture, PCB layout, auto-router and CAM features
• FreeCAD, free open source parametric 3D CAD modeler
• FreeMat free open source numerical computing environment
• Gambas free open source BASIC integrated development environment
• Google EarthWEB,weblink Google Earth Includes a Web Browser, Googlesystem.Blogspot.de, 15 June 2010, 8 April 2013,
• GPlates, a plate tectonics visualisation software
• Igor Pro, a data analysis software
• Krita graphics editing and digital painting softwareWEB,weblink Krita 3.0 Released, 31 May 2016, 5 September 2017,
• LMMS, a cross-platform music production software
• Mathematica, a mathematical symbolic computation program, sometimes termed a computer algebra system or program, used in many scientific, engineering, mathematical, and computing fields.WEB,weblink Mathematica by Wolfram Research, dead, 29 May 2013,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130529062205weblink">weblink
• Monero, a privacy-focused cryptocurrency, implements its official desktop wallet software using Qt.WEB, Monero GUI,weblink GitHub, 2 June 2022,
• MuseScore, an open-source, multiplatform notation software
• OBS, a libre cross-platform screencast software
• Orange data mining suiteWEB,weblink Orange3 Data Mining Suite, GitHub, 3 June 2022,
• ParaView open-source cross-platform application for interactive, scientific visualizationWEB,weblink Parallel Data Analysis and Visualization Application based on VTK,
• PCSX2, a free and open-source cross-platform Playstation 2 emulator
• qBittorrent cross-platform free and open-source BitTorrent clientWEB, Qbittorrent,weblink GitHub, 18 February 2022,
• QGIS geographic information systemWEB,weblink PyQGIS Developer Cookbook: Introduction, qgis.org, 1 March 2017, the whole QGIS code depends on Qt libraries,
• Qtractor Audio multitrack recorder and editing software
• QuiteRSS Feed Reader
• Retroshare F2F communication platform
• Roblox Studio a game creation tool used on the Roblox platform
• Scribus desktop publishing softwareWEB,weblink Scribus Development,
• Sibelius music composition and notation softwareWEB,weblink Sibelius - the leading music composition and notation software, www.sibelius.com, 19 October 2016,
• SoulseekQT, a P2P file-sharing clientWEB,weblink SoulseekQT Public Build 1, 2024-01-04, 2014-05-12,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20140512231731weblink">weblink live,
• Source 2 engine toolsWEB,weblink Panorama, Valve Developer Community, 28 April 2017, a 3D video game engine developed by Valve
• Spyder, a Python IDE
• Stellarium, a planetarium program
• Subsurface, a software for logging and planning scuba dives initially designed and developed by Linus TorvaldsWEB,weblink Subsurface 4.0 has been released, 15 December 2013,
• SuperCollider, an environment and programming language for real-time audio synthesis and algorithmic composition
• Teamviewer, a computer software package for remote control, desktop sharing, online meetings, web conferencing and file transfer between computersWEB,weblink TeamViewer 13, December 2017,
• Telegram, a messaging client available for Windows, Mac and LinuxWEB,weblink Telegram desktop messaging app, GitHub, 17 February 2022,
• VirtualBox OS virtualization softwareWEB,weblink VBoxMainLogging - Oracle VM VirtualBox,
• VLC media playerWEB,weblink Qt Interface,
• Wireshark, a packet analyzerWEB,weblink Qt Application Framework,
• WPS OfficeWEB,weblink wps_i18n: KSO/WPS internationalization support, wps-community, 14 June 2017, 15 June 2017, GitHub,
• XaoS, a real-time fractal zoomer
• XnView MPWEB,weblink XnView MP,

{{Div col end}}

Organizations using Qt

Qt is utilized by a wide range of companies and organizations such as{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}

• AMDWEB,weblink AMD's Radeon Software Crimson Edition, 30 June 2016,
• Blizzard EntertainmentWEB,weblink Blizzard's additions/modifications to Qt, GitHub, 28 April 2021,
• BMWAV MEDIA,weblinkweblink 2021-12-11, live, QtWS16- Qt Creator as BMW Car IT Automotive IDE, Helio Chissini de Castro, BMW Car IT, {{cbignore}}
• Crytek
• Daimler AGPRESS RELEASE,weblink Qt selected for In-Vehicle Infotainment (IVI) Systems by leading automotive OEMs, AV MEDIA,weblinkweblink 2021-12-11, live, Built with Qt: Mercedes-Benz Generation EQ, {{cbignore}}
• DreamWorksAV MEDIA,weblinkweblink 2021-12-11, live, Behind the Scenes at DreamWorks Animation: Making the Apps that Make the Movies, {{cbignore}}AV MEDIA,weblinkweblink 2021-12-11, live, UI & System Design Challenges for the NxG Lighting Tool, {{cbignore}}
• Electronic ArtsWEB, Open Source - Electronic Arts,weblink
• European Space AgencyWEB, Qt in the European Space Agency,weblinkweblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20110723145813weblink">weblink 23 July 2011, dead,
• German Air Traffic ControlWEB,weblink 10 Qt use cases you didn't know,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130730003816weblink">weblink 30 July 2013,
• HPWEB,weblink Developing Innovative Desktop and Embedded HP Products with Qt,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20140506204024weblink">weblink 6 May 2014,
• LGWEB, Jon, Porter,weblink LG tries to bring webOS to cars, robots, and the smart home with new partnership, 26 June 2019, The Verge, 28 April 2020,
• LucasfilmPRESS RELEASE,weblink Lucasfilm Entertainment Company Ltd., WEB,weblink Qt in Visual Effects, dead, 23 July 2011,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20110723145754weblink">weblink
• MicrosoftWEB,weblink Qt World Summit talk,
• PanasonicWEB,weblink Panasonic selects Qt for HD video system, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20110723145947weblink">weblink 23 July 2011,
• PhilipsWEB,weblink Qt in IP Communications, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20110723145930weblink">weblink 23 July 2011,
• Robert Bosch GmbHWEB,weblink Bosch DruckMessWT built with Qt, January 2019,
• SamsungWEB,weblink Qt in Home Media, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20110723145854weblink">weblink 23 July 2011,
• SiemensWEB,weblink Qt helped Siemens deliver a C++ development platform for manufacturing software GUIs, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20110714191438weblink">weblink 14 July 2011,
• TeslaWEB,weblink Tesla releases some of its software to comply with open source licences, Fred Lambert, Fred Lambert, 19 May 2018,
• TomtomWEB,weblink TomTom Builds Automotive HMIs with Qt, 20 May 2019,
• ValveWEB,weblink Qt, Valve Developer Community, 28 April 2017,
• VolvoWEB,weblink Volvo Mobility Systems,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20110714191457weblink">weblink 14 July 2011,
• Walt Disney Animation StudiosWEB,weblink Qt helped Walt Disney reduce development time spent on its cross-platform feature film production application, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20110714191507weblink">weblink 14 July 2011,

{{Div col end}}

Qt software architecture

(File:Free and open-source-software display servers and UI toolkits.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|Example of Qt usage in Linux-based systems)

Qt concepts

Qt is built on these key concepts:

Complete abstraction of the GUI: When first released, Qt used its own paint engine and controls, emulating the look of the different platforms it runs on when it drew its widgets. This made the porting work easier because very few classes in Qt really depended on the target platform; however, this occasionally led to slight discrepancies where that emulation was imperfect. Recent versions of Qt use the native style APIs of the different platforms, on platforms that have a native widget set, to query metrics and draw most controls, and do not suffer from such issues as often.WEB,weblink Library, Qt uses the native graphics APIs of each platform it supports, taking full advantage of system resources and ensuring that applications have native look and feel., Digia, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20131101011752weblink">weblink 1 November 2013, On some platforms (such as MeeGo and KDE) Qt is the native API. Some other portable graphical toolkits have made different design decisions; for example, wxWidgets uses the toolkits of the target platform for its implementations.

Signals and slots: A language construct introduced in Qt for communication between objectsWEB,weblink Signals & Slots - QtCore 5.1, Qt Project, 4 July 2013, 10 April 2015, which makes it easy to implement the observer pattern while avoiding boilerplate code. The concept is that GUI widgets can send signals containing event information which can be received by other controls using special functions known as slots.

Metaobject compiler: The metaobject compiler, termed moc, is a tool that is run on the sources of a Qt program. It interprets certain macros from the C++ code as annotations, and uses them to generate added C++ code with meta information about the classes used in the program. This meta information is used by Qt to provide programming features not available natively in C++: signals and slots, introspection and asynchronous function calls.

Language bindings:Qt can be used in several programming languages other than C++, such as Python, Javascript, C# and Rust

WEB,weblink Qt applications with Cargo, 30 October 2018, www.vandenoever.info, 25 April 2019, via language bindings; many languages have bindings for Qt 5 and bindings for Qt 4.

Qt modules

Starting with Qt 4.0 the framework was split into individual modules.WEB,weblink Trolltech Releases Qt 4.0, KDE, 28 June 2005, 5 August 2013, WEB,weblink All Modules | Documentation, Qt Project, 8 April 2013,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130329130752weblink">weblink 29 March 2013, dead, With Qt 5.0 the architecture was modularized even further.WEB, Qt Blog,weblink Introducing Qt 5.0 | Qt Blog, Digia, 19 December 2012, 8 April 2013, WEB,weblink Qt 5.0 - Congratulations to the Qt Project, Kyle Morris, KDE, 24 December 2012, 5 August 2013, Qt is now split into essential and add-on modules.WEB,weblink Qt 6 Documentation: All Modules, Qt Project, 1 December 2022,

Qt essentials {|class"wikitable"

!style="width:12em"|Module!Description| Qt Core|The only required Qt module, containing classes used by other modules, including the meta-object system, concurrency and threading, containers, event system, plugins and I/O facilities.|Qt GUI|The central GUI module. In Qt 5 this module now depends on OpenGL, but no longer contains any widget classes.|Qt Widgets|Contains classes for classic widget based GUI applications and the QSceneGraph classes. Was split off from QtGui in Qt 5.|Qt QML|Module for QML and JavaScript languages.|Qt Quick|The module for GUI applications written using QML2.|Qt Quick Controls|Widget like controls for Qt Quick intended mainly for desktop applications.|Qt Quick Layouts|Layouts for arranging items in Qt Quick.|Qt NetworkTransmission Control Protocol>TCP, User Datagram Protocol, HTTP, Transport Layer Security>TLS, SSL (in Qt 4) and SPDY (since Qt 5.3).|Qt Multimedia|Classes for audio, video, radio and camera functionality.|Qt Multimedia Widgets|The widgets from Qt Multimedia.|Qt SQL|Contains classes for database integration using SQL.|Qt WebEngineChromium (web browser)>Chromium.|Qt Test|Classes for unit testing Qt applications and libraries.">

Qt add-ons {|class"wikitable"

!style="width:12em"|Module!Description|Active Qt|Classes for applications which use ActiveX.|Qt Charts|Provides functionality and widgets to plot charts of many kinds|Qt Bluetooth|Classes accessing Bluetooth hardware.|Qt D-Bus|Classes for IPC using the D-Bus protocol.|Qt NFCnear-field communication>NFC hardware. Only officially supported on BlackBerry hardware so far (or N9 in the MeeGo port).|Qt OpenGL|Legacy module containing the OpenGL classes from Qt 4. In Qt 5 the similar functionality in Qt GUI is recommended.|Qt Location|Classes for accessing GPS and other location services and for mapping and navigation. Split off from the Qt 4 Mobility module of Qt Location. Supported on Android, BlackBerry, iOS, Linux (using GeoClue), Windows and Sailfish OS.|Qt Quick 3D3D models, video games, simulations and 3D user interaction>3D user interfaces, with a Qt QML API, into a mixed 2D and 3D scene graph.QtScript>Qt Script|Legacy module for scripting Qt application using ECMAScript/JavaScript. In Qt 5, using similar classes in Qt QML is recommended.|Qt Sensors|Classes for accessing various mobile hardware sensors. Used to be part of Qt Mobile in Qt 4. Supported on Android, BlackBerry, iOS, WinRT, Mer and Linux.|Qt Serial Port|Classes for access to hardware and virtual serial ports. Supported on Windows, Linux and macOS.|Qt WebChannel|Provides access to Qt objects to HTML/Js over WebSockets.|Qt WebKit|Qt's WebKit implementation and API.|Qt WebKit Widgets|The widget API for Qt WebKit|Qt WebSockets|Provides a WebSocket implementation.|Qt XMLSimple API for XML>SAX and DOM style XML APIs. Replaced with QXmlStreamReader and QXmlStreamWriter classes in Qt Core.|Qt XML PatternsXPath, XQuery, XSLT and XML Schema (W3C)>XML Schema validation.

Editions

There are four editions of Qt available: Community, Indie Mobile, Professional and Enterprise.WEB,weblink Qt Download page, 21 November 2014, Download Qt, The Qt Company, The Community version is under the open source licenses, while the Indie Mobile, Professional and Enterprise versions, which contain additional functionality and libraries, e.g. Enterprise Controls are commercially sold by The Qt Company.

Supported platforms

Qt works on many different platforms; the following are officially supported:{|class="wikitable"! Platform || Description Linux/Unix|X11 X Window System (Linux);HTTPS://WIKI.QT.IO/SUPPORT_FOR_LINUX_X11 PUBLISHER=QT PROJECT ACCESS-DATE=27 JULY 2019, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, and DragonFly BSD have community support.|WaylandWayland (display server protocol)>Wayland at load time with the -platform command line option.WEB,weblink Getting started with Lighthouse, 25 November 2011, WEB , This allows a seamless transition of Qt applications from X11 to Wayland. SailfishOS uses Wayland only as it does not have X11.WEB,weblink Multi-process Lighthouse, Qt Project, Jørgen, Lind, 18 March 2011, 21 August 2013, |AndroidAndroid (operating system)>AndroidHTTPS://WIKI.QT.IO/NEW-FEATURES-IN-QT-5.1#NEW_MODULES >TITLE=NEW FEATURES IN QT 5.1 - SUPPORT FOR NEW PLATFORMS DATE=3 JULY 2013 ACCESS-DATE=10 APRIL 2015 ARCHIVE-DATE=20 FEBRUARY 2016, dead, |Embedded Linuxpersonal digital assistant, smartphone, etc.HTTPS://WIKI.QT.IO/SUPPORT_FOR_EMBEDDED_LINUX PUBLISHER=QT PROJECT ACCESS-DATE=10 APRIL 2015, Exists as multiple platforms depending on display technology. DirectFB, Linux framebuffer and EGLFS (EGL (API)>EGL Full Screen). Microsoft platforms|WindowsWindows 7,HTTPS://WIKI.QT.IO/SUPPORT_FOR_WINDOWS PUBLISHER=QT PROJECT ACCESS-DATE=11 AUGUST 2013, Windows 8 and Windows 10>10HTTP://BLOG.QT.IO/BLOG/2015/04/29/WINDOWS-10-SUPPORT-IN-QT/ >TITLE=WINDOWS 10 SUPPORT IN QT THE QT COMPANY >DATE=29 APRIL 2015, 28 January 2016, |Windows RTWindows Runtime>WinRT-based Windows 10 Mobile apps and Windows 10 IoTHTTPS://DOC.QT.IO/QT-5/WINRT-SUPPORT.HTML>TITLE=QT FOR WINRTQT PROJECT>ACCESS-DATE=9 SEPTEMBER 2014, Apple platforms|macOSmacOS; supports applications on Cocoa (API)>CocoaHTTPS://WIKI.QT.IO/SUPPORT_FOR_MAC_OS_X >TITLE=QT WIKI â€“ SUPPORT FOR OS X DATE=14 AUGUST 2011, 21 August 2013, |iOSiOS platforms (iPhone, iPad)HTTPS://DOC.QT.IO/QT-5/SUPPORTED-PLATFORMS.HTML ACCESS-DATE=1 FEBRUARY 2014, Other embedded platforms|IntegrityIntegrity (operating system)>IntegrityHTTPS://WWW.QT.IO/QT-FRAMEWORK/#SECTION-4>TITLE = QT PRODUCT PAGES, SUPPORTED PLATFORMSWEBSITE = QT - PRODUCT - QT FRAMEWORK, The Qt Company, |QNXQNXKATHERINE BARRIOS TITLE=QT COMMERCIAL FORMALLY SUPPORTS QNX | QT BLOG ACCESS-DATE=13 MARCH 2018, HTTP://DOC.QT.IO/QT-5/PLATFORM-NOTES-QNX.HTML>TITLE=PLATFORM AND COMPILER NOTES - QNX {{!, Qt 5.10}}|VxWorksVxWorks.TUUKKA TURUNEN TITLE=QT COMMERCIAL FOR VXWORKS | QT BLOG ACCESS-DATE=13 MARCH 2018, HTTPS://DOC.QT.IO/QT-5/VXWORKS.HTML >TITLE=QT FOR VXWORKS {{!, Qt 5.10}} Only available under a proprietary (commercial) license. Qt 5.5.After Nokia opened the Qt source code to the community on Gitorious, various ports appeared. There are also some ports of Qt that may be available, but are not supported anymore. These platforms are listed in List of platforms supported by Qt. See also there for current community support for other lesser known platforms, such as SailfishOS.

Licensing

Qt is available under the following free software licenses:WEB,weblink Legal - FAQ - Qt, The Qt Company, www.qt.io, 25 April 2019, GPL 2.0, GPL 3.0, LGPL 3.0 and LGPL 2.1 (with Qt special exception).WEB,weblink New agreement with the KDE Free Qt Foundation and changes for the open source version, The Qt Company, WEB,weblink Digia Qt LGPL Exception version 1.1, Note that some modules are available only under a GPL license, which means that applications which link to these modules need to comply with that license.WEB,weblink The Qt Company, 7 January 2017, Qt Licensing, In addition, Qt has always been available under a commercial license, like the Qt Commercial License,WEB,weblink Licenses, that allows developing proprietary applications with no restrictions on licensing.

Qt tools

{{See also|Qt Creator}}Qt comes with its own set of tools to ease cross-platform development, which can otherwise be cumbersome due to different set of development tools.Qt Creator is a cross-platform IDE for C++ and QML. Qt Designer's GUI layout/design functionality is integrated into the IDE, although Qt Designer can still be started as a standalone tool.In addition to Qt Creator, Qt provides qmake, a cross-platform build script generation tool that automates the generation of Makefiles for development projects across different platforms.There are other tools available in Qt, including the Qt Designer interface builder and the Qt Assistant help browser (which are both embedded in Qt Creator), the Qt Linguist translation tool, uic (user interface compiler), and moc (Meta-Object Compiler).

History of Qt

Early developments

In the summer of 1990, Haavard Nord and Eirik Chambe-Eng (the original developers of Qt and the CEO and President, respectively, of Trolltech) were working together on a database application for ultrasound images written in C++ and running on Mac OS, Unix, and Microsoft Windows.WEB,weblink Qt - Qt20, Qt, They began development of "Qt" in 1991, three years before the company was incorporated as Quasar Technologies, then changed the name to Troll Tech and then to Trolltech.The toolkit was called Qt because the letter Q looked appealing in Haavard's Emacs typeface, and "t" was inspired by Xt, the X toolkit.BOOK, C++ GUI Programming with Qt 4, Blanchette, Jasmin, Summerfield, Mark, Prentice-Hall, A Brief History of Qt, xv–xvii, 1st, June 2006,weblink 5 August 2013, 2019-09-23,weblink The first two versions of Qt had only two flavors: Qt/X11 for Unix and Qt/Windows for Windows.On 20 May 1995 Trolltech publicly released Qt 0.90 for X11/Linux with the source code under the Qt Free Edition License.WEB,weblinkweblink Qt Free Edition License, 1992, Trolltech, 14 October 2016, dead, 14 October 2016, WEB,weblink Happy 20th Anniversary Qt!, Qt Blog, WEB,weblink Qt framework celebrates its 20th anniversary, SD Times, 21 May 2015, This license was viewed as not compliant with the free software definition by Free Software Foundation because, while the source was available, it did not allow the redistribution of modified versions. Trolltech used this license until version 1.45. Controversy erupted around 1998 when it became clear that the K Desktop Environment was going to become one of the leading desktop environments for Linux. As it was based on Qt, many people in the free software movement worried that an essential piece of one of their major operating systems would be proprietary.The Windows platform was available only under a proprietary license, which meant free/open source applications written in Qt for X11 could not be ported to Windows without purchasing the proprietary edition.

Becoming free software–friendly

With the release of version 2.0 of the toolkit in mid-1999, the license was changed to the Q Public License (QPL), a free software license, but one regarded by the Free Software Foundation as incompatible with the GPL. Compromises were sought between KDE and Trolltech whereby Qt would not be able to fall under a more restrictive license than the QPL, even if Trolltech was bought out or went bankrupt. This led to the creation of the KDE Free Qt foundation,WEB,weblink KDE Free Qt Foundation, which guarantees that Qt would fall under a BSD-style license should no free/open source version of Qt be released during 12 months.WEB,weblink KDE Free Qt Foundation announcement, June 1998, WEB,weblink Software License Agreement, 13 April 2013, Digia, In 2000, Qt/X11 2.2 was released under the GPL v2,WEB,weblink Trolltech offers a choice in licensing with the addition of GPL licensing for the upcoming release of Qt, Qt.nokia.com,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120313182431weblink">weblink 13 March 2012, 13 November 2011, ending all controversy regarding GPL compatibility.At the end of 2001, Trolltech released Qt 3.0, which added support for Mac OS X (now known as macOS). The Mac OS X support was available only in the proprietary license until June 2003, when Trolltech released Qt 3.2 with Mac OS X support available under the GPL.In 2002, members of the KDE on Cygwin project began porting the GPL licensed Qt/X11 code base to Windows.WEB,weblink Q../Windows Edition history, 5 June 2006,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20100731070812weblink">weblink 31 July 2010, This was in response to Trolltech's refusal to license Qt/Windows under the GPL on the grounds that Windows was not a free/open source software platform.E-mail to the kde-cygwin mailing list by Chris January, 4 February 2003WEB,weblink Qt Non-commercial FAQ, Trolltech,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20031005175911weblink">weblink 5 October 2003, The project achieved reasonable success although it never reached production quality.This was resolved when Trolltech released Qt 4.0 also for Windows under the GPL in June 2005.WEB,weblink Trolltech Releases Qt 4.0 | KDE.news, 28 June 2005, KDE.News, 13 November 2011, Qt 4 supported the same set of platforms in the free software/open source editions as in the proprietary edition, so it is possible, with Qt 4.0 and later releases, to create GPL-licensed free/open source applications using Qt on all supported platforms. The GPL v3 with special exceptionWEB,weblink Nokia Corporation Qt GPL Exception Version 1.3, Doc.trolltech.com, 22 July 1999, 13 November 2011,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20101003074912weblink">weblink 3 October 2010, dead, was later added as an added licensing option. The GPL exception allows the final application to be licensed under various GPL-incompatible free software/open source licenses such as the Mozilla Public License 1.1.

Acquisition by Nokia

Nokia acquired Trolltech ASA on 17 June 2008 and changed the name first to Qt Software, then to Qt Development Frameworks.Nokia focused on turning Qt into the main development platform for its devices, including a port to the Symbian S60 platform. Version 1.0 of the Nokia Qt SDK was released on 23 June 2010.WEB, Niels, Weber,weblink Nokia Qt SDK 1.0 released, Labs.trolltech.com, 23 June 2010, 13 November 2011, The source code was made available over Gitorious, a community oriented git source code repository, with a goal of creating a broader community using and improving Qt.On 14 January 2009, Qt version 4.5 added another option, the LGPL,WEB, Sebastian, Nyström,weblink Nokia to license Qt under LGPL, 14 January 2009, 17 September 2013, to make Qt more attractive for both non-GPL open source projects and closed applications.WEB,weblink ICS Whitepaper on the Implications of Qt under LGPL for Commercial and Government users, 13 November 2011, In February 2011, Nokia announced its decision to drop Symbian technologies and base their future smartphones on the Windows Phone platform instead (and since then support for that platform has also been dropped).PRESS RELEASE, Nokia and Microsoft Announce Plans for a Broad Strategic Partnership to Build a New Global Mobile Ecosystem,weblink Microsoft, 10 February 2011, 27 October 2011, 1 April 2011,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20110401153916weblink">weblink One month later, Nokia announced the sale of Qt's commercial licensing and professional services to Digia, with the immediate goal of taking Qt support to Android, iOS and Windows 8 platforms, and to continue focusing on desktop and embedded development, although Nokia was to remain the main development force behind the framework at that time.

Merging and demerging with Digia

In March 2011, Nokia sold the commercial licensing part of Qt to Digia, creating Qt Commercial.WEB,weblink Nokia and Digia working together to grow the Qt community, 7 March 2011, 8 July 2011, Sebastian, Nystrom, In August 2012, Digia announced that it would acquire Qt from Nokia.WEB, Digia Plc,weblink Digia to acquire Qt from Nokia, Digia Plc, 9 August 2012, 17 October 2014, The Qt team at Digia started their work in September 2012.WEB, Digia Plc,weblink The journey starts today, Digia Plc, 18 September 2012, 17 October 2014, They released Qt 5.0 within a month and newer versions every six months with new features and additional supported platforms.In September 2014, Digia transferred the Qt business and copyrights to their wholly owned subsidiary, The Qt Company, which owns 25 brandsWEB,weblink TMview search result shown on September 12th, 2016, TMDN.org, 15 June 2017, related to Qt. In May 2016, Digia and Qt demerged completely into two independent companies.WEB,weblink Digia and Qt have demerged into two companies – Digia's new strategy's main themes revealed, Digia, 15 June 2017,

The Qt Project and open governance

Qt 5 was officially released on 19 December 2012. This new version marked a major change in the platform, with hardware-accelerated graphics, QML and JavaScript playing a major role. The traditional C++-only QWidgets continued to be supported, but did not benefit from the performance improvements available through the new architecture.MAILING LIST,weblink Concern about removal of QWidget classes, Qt5-feedback, 7 October 2011, Qt 5 brings significant improvements to the speed and ease of developing user interfaces.WEB,weblink Thoughts about Qt 5, 9 May 2011, Lars, Knoll, Digia, 9 May 2011, Framework development of Qt 5 moved to open governance at qt-project.org, which made it possible for developers outside Digia to submit patches for review.WEB,weblink The Qt Project is live!, Lars, Knoll, Nokia, 21 October 2011, 8 February 2012,

Qt contributors

(File:Qt contributors 2013W18 without Digia.png|thumb|upright=1.35|Distribution of non-Digia Qt contributors (2013, Week 18))Aside from The Qt Company, many organizations and individuals using Qt as their development platform participate in the open development of Qt via the Qt Project.WEB, Macieira, Thiago,weblink Qt Project Statistics, Thiago Macieira's blog, Macieira.org, 8 May 2013, One such Qt contributor is Klarälvdalens Datakonsult AB, a Swedish Qt consulting company.WEB,weblink contributions to Qt 5.0 (part 1), KDAB, 20 December 2012, 8 May 2013, KDAB is involved in many areas, including maintenance of several components.WEB,weblink contributions to Qt 5.0 (part 2), KDAB, 21 December 2012, 8 May 2013, WEB,weblink Maintaining Qt3D, KDAB, 21 December 2012, 8 May 2013, Together with RIM/BlackBerry, KDAB is maintaining the QNX and BlackBerry 10 ports of Qt.WEB,weblink Qt5 on the QNX operating system, KDAB, 19 April 2012, 8 May 2013, Another participator is Intel, contributing for example Wayland support.WEB,weblink [Phoronix] Qt Is Now Drawing On Wayland, Phoronix.com, 21 September 2010, 8 May 2013, AudioCodes maintains IBM ClearCase support in Qt Creator.WEB,weblink Maintainers | Qt Wiki, Qt Project, 12 April 2013, 8 May 2013, As a heavy user of Qt, the KDE project submits many patches and features from its developer library KDE Frameworks back to Qt.WEB,weblink Frameworks/Epics/Contributions to Qt5, KDE Community Wiki, 27 April 2015,

See also

• List of widget toolkits
• Android software development
• iOS SDK
• Wt (web toolkit)

Bibliography

Qt Wiki provides a comprehensive list of English books about Qt.WEB,weblink Books - Qt Wiki, wiki.Qt.io, 15 June 2017, This is a list of notable books:

• WEB, Bocklage-Ryannel, Juergen, Thelin, Johan, Qt 5 Cadaques, 1st, 12 May 2015,weblink

,

• BOOK, Blanchette, Jasmin, Summerfield, Mark, C++ GUI Programming with Qt 4, 2nd, 14 February 2008, Prentice Hall, 978-0-13-235416-5,weblink

,

• BOOK, Summerfield, Mark, Advanced Qt Programming: Creating Great Software with C++ and Qt 4, 1st, 23 August 2010, Addison-Wesley, 978-0-321-63590-7,weblink

,

• BOOK

,

• BOOK, Summerfield, Mark, Rapid GUI Programming with Python and Qt, 1st, 28 October 2007, Prentice Hall, 978-0-13-235418-9,weblink

,

• BOOK, Molkentin, Daniel, The Book of Qt 4: The Art of Building Qt Applications, 1st, 19 July 2007, No Starch Press, 978-1-59327-147-3,weblink

,

• BOOK

,

• BOOK

,

• BOOK, Ezust, Alan, Ezust, Paul, An Introduction to Design Patterns in C++ with Qt 4, 2nd, 10 September 2006, Prentice Hall, 978-0-13-187905-8,weblink

,

References

{{reflist}}

External links

{{Commons category|Qt}}

• {{official website}}
• WEB,weblinkweblink 2021-12-11, live, The Qt 4 Dance, YouTube, video, 7 September 2015, {{cbignore}}

{{Qt}}{{KDE}}{{Widget toolkits}}{{GUI builders}}