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{{About|the German motor vehicle manufacturer}}{{Short description|German automotive manufacturer}}{{Primary sources|date=November 2023}}{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2023}}

factoids

DAX componentAutomotive industry>Automotive

• Otto Flugmaschinenfabrik
• Rapp Motorenwerke
• Fahrzeugfabrik Eisenach

{edih}| former_name = Rapp Moterenwerke AGRapp Motorenwerke)| founder = Karl Rapp| location_city = Munich| location_country = Germany| area_served = Worldwide

• Oliver Zipse (Chairman of the Board of Management)
• Norbert Reithofer (Chairman of the Board of Supervisory)

{edih}Cars|Motorcycles}}| services = Car-sharing services, financing, leasing, insurance and other financial servicesclass=nowrap{{Increase}} 215,932 motorcycles (2022)}}142.610Billion (short scale)>billion (2022)HTTPS://WWW.BMWGROUP.COM/CONTENT/DAM/GRPW/WEBSITES/BMWGROUP_COM/IR/DOWNLOADS/EN/2023/BERICHT/BMW-GROUP-REPORT-2022-EN.PDF>TITLE=BMW GROUP REPORT 2022PAGES=2, 11, 57, 63operating_income={{Increase}} {{Euronet_income={{Increase}} {{Euroassets={{Increase}} {{Euroequity={{Increase}} {{Euro|91.288}} billion (2022)Public floatPublic (50.7%)>Stefan Quandt (25.8%, 25.6% through holdings and 0.19% directly)Susanne Klatten (20.9%, 20.7% through holdings and 0.2% directly)HTTPS://WWW.BMWGROUP.COM/EN/INVESTOR-RELATIONS/BMW-SHARES.HTMLWEBSITE=WWW.BMWGROUP.COM, 11 July 2023, }}| num_employees = 149,475 (2022)AutomobilesAlpina>#Automobiles>BMW iBMW M>BMW XBMW Z>DriveNowMini (marque)>MiniRolls-Royce Motor Cars>Rolls-RoyceMotorcycles>BMW Motorrad}}bmw.com (BMW brand, related sub-brands and operations)|bmwgroup.com (BMW AG corporate website)}}}}Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, commonly abbreviated to BMW ({{IPA-de|ËŒbeːʔɛmˈveː|–|De-BMW.ogg}}), is a German multinational manufacturer of luxury vehicles and motorcycles headquartered in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. The company was founded in 1916 as a manufacturer of aircraft engines, which it produced from 1917 to 1918 and again from 1933 to 1945 creating engines for aircraft that were used in the Second World War. Automobiles are marketed under the brands BMW, Mini and Rolls-Royce, and motorcycles are marketed under the brand BMW Motorrad. In 2017, BMW was the world’s fourteenth-largest producer of motor vehicles, with 2,279,503 vehicles producedWEB,www.oica.net/wp-content/uploads/World-Ranking-of-Manufacturers-1.pdf,www.oica.net/wp-content/uploads/World-Ranking-of-Manufacturers-1.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20190504231210www.oica.net/wp-content/uploads/World-Ranking-of-Manufacturers-1.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20190504231210www.oica.net/wp-content/uploads/World-Ranking-of-Manufacturers-1.pdf, 4 May 2019, live, World Motor Vehicle Production: OICA Correspondents Survey, OICA, 20 August 2021, and in 2022 the 7th largest by revenue.WEB,www.factorywarrantylist.com/car-sales-by-revenue.html, Top 20 Automakers by Revenue | Worldwide Car Sales Revenue, F&I Tools, In 2023, the company was ranked 46th in the Forbes Global 2000.WEB, en,www.forbes.com/lists/global2000/?sh=51d599675ac0, The Global 2000 2023, Forbes, 2024-02-07, 2024-01-29,web.archive.org/web/20240129031905/https://www.forbes.com/lists/global2000/?sh=4f5ab07e5ac0, The company has significant motor-sport history, especially in touring cars, sports cars, and the Isle of Man TT.BMW is headquartered in Munich and produces motor vehicles in Germany, Brazil, China, India, Mexico, the Netherlands, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The {{Interlanguage link multi|Quandt (family)|lt=Quandt family|de|3=Quandt (Familie)}} is a long-term shareholder of the company, following investments by the brothers Herbert and Harald Quandt in 1959 that saved BMW from bankruptcy, with the remaining shares owned by the public.

History

The Otto Flugmaschinenfabrik was founded in 1910 by Gustav Otto in the Kingdom of Bavaria, which was a state of the German Empire. The firm was reorganized on 7 March 1916 into . This company was then renamed to (BMW) in 1922. However, the name BMW dates back to 1913, when a company to use the name was founded by Karl Rapp initially as . The name and ‘s engine-production assets were transferred to in 1922, who adopted the name the same year.WEB,www.bmw.com/en/automotive-life/BMW-name-meaning-and-history.html, BMW name, meaning, and history, bmw.com, BMW’s first product was produced for fighter aircraft of the . It was a straight-six aircraft engine called the BMW IIIa, designed in the spring of 1917 by engineer Max Friz. Following the end of World War I, BMW remained in business by producing motorcycle engines, agricultural equipment, household items, and railway brakes. The company produced its first motorcycle, the BMW R 32, in 1923. BMW became an automobile manufacturer in 1928 when it purchased Fahrzeugfabrik Eisenach, which, at the time, built the Austin 7 under licence from Dixi.Odin, L. C. (2015). World in Motion 1939: The whole of the year’s automobile production. Belvedere. {{ASIN|B00ZLN91ZG}}. The first car sold as a BMW was a rebadged BMW Dixi called the BMW 3/15, following BMW’s acquisition of the car manufacturer Automobilwerk Eisenach. Throughout the 1930s, BMW expanded its range into sports cars and larger luxury cars.Aircraft engines, motorcycles, and automobiles would be BMW’s main products until World War II. During the war, BMW concentrated on the BMW 801 aircraft engine using as many as 40,000 slave laborers.WEB,www.dw.com/en/horsepower-under-the-hood-and-skeletons-in-the-closet-bmw-celebrates-100-years/a-19095189, Horsepower under the hood and skeletons in the closet: BMW celebrates 100 years, 2016, Deutsche Welle, These consisted primarily of prisoners from Nazi concentration camps, most prominently Dachau. Motorcycles remained as a side-line and automobile manufacture ceased altogether.BMW’s factories were heavily bombed during the war and its remaining West German facilities were banned from producing motor vehicles or aircraft after the war. Again, the company survived by making pots, pans, and bicycles. In 1948, BMW restarted motorcycle production. BMW resumed car production in Bavaria in 1952 with the BMW 501 luxury saloon. The range of cars was expanded in 1955, through the production of the cheaper Isetta microcar under licence. Slow sales of luxury cars and small profit margins from microcars meant BMW was in serious financial trouble and in 1959 the company was nearly taken over by rival Daimler-Benz.A large investment in BMW by Herbert Quandt and Harald Quandt resulted in the company surviving as a separate entity. Günther Quandt, was a well-known German industrialist, joined the Nazi party in 1933 and made a fortune arming the German Wehrmacht, manufacturing weapons and batteries.WEB,www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/bmw-and-the-holocaust,web.archive.org/web/20221231192214/https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/bmw-and-the-holocaust, 31 December 2022, BMW and the Holocaust, Jewish Virtual Library, American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise, Many of his enterprises were appropriated from Jewish owners under duress with minimal compensation. At least three of his enterprises made extensive use of slave laborers, as many as 50,000 in all.WEB,www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/varta-battery-factories,web.archive.org/web/20221230130131/https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/varta-battery-factories, 30 December 2022, Forced Labor: Varta Battery Factories, Jewish Virtual Library, American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise, One of his battery factories had its own on-site concentration camp, complete with gallows. Life expectancy for laborers was six months.“BMW’s Quandt Family to Investigate Wealth Amassed in Third Reich”. Der Spiegel. 2007. While Quandt and BMW were not directly connected during the war, funds amassed in the Nazi era by his father allowed Herbert Quandt to buy BMW.The relative success of the small BMW 700 assisted in the company’s recovery, allowing them to develop the New Class sedans.File:Bmw e12 v sst.jpg|thumb|left|1972 BMW 5 Series (1st generation)]]The 1962 introduction of the BMW New Class compact sedans was the beginning of BMW’s reputation as a leading manufacturer of sport-oriented cars. Throughout the 1960s, BMW expanded its range by adding coupé and luxury sedan models. The BMW 5 Series mid-size sedan range was introduced in 1972, followed by the BMW 3 Series compact sedans in 1975, the BMW 6 Series luxury coupés in 1976 and the BMW 7 Series large luxury sedans in 1978.The BMW M division released its first road car, a mid-engine supercar, in 1978. This was followed by the BMW M5 in 1984 and the BMW M3 in 1986. Also in 1986, BMW introduced its first V12 engine in the 750i luxury sedan. The 1989 BMW Z1 marked BMW’s return to making a two-seat roadster, the 1995 BMW Z3 was their first mass-production two-seat roadster, and the 1999 BMW X5 was the company’s first entry into the SUV market.The company purchased the Rover Group in 1994, but the takeover was not successful and caused BMW large financial losses. In 2000, BMW sold off most of the Rover brands, retaining only the Mini brand. In 1998, BMW also acquired the rights to the Rolls-Royce brand from Vickers. The first modern mass-produced turbocharged petrol engine was introduced in 2006 (from 1973 to 1975, BMW built 1,672 units of a turbocharged BMW M10 engine for the BMW 02 Series),“BMW 2002 turbo”. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230425132944bmw-grouparchiv.de/research/detail/index.xhtml?id=3826800 |date=25 April 2023 }}. BMW Group. Retrieved 26 August 2020. with most engines switching over to turbocharging over the 2010s. The first hybrid BMW was the 2010 BMW ActiveHybrid 7, and BMW’s first mass-production electric car was the BMW i3 city car, which was released in 2013, (from 1968 to 1972, BMW built two battery-electric BMW 1602 Elektro saloons for the 1972 Olympic Games).“BMW 1602 Elektro”. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220428080131bmw-grouparchiv.de/research/detail/index.xhtml?id=3921907 |date=28 April 2022 }}. BMW. Retrieved 26 August 2020. After many years of establishing a reputation for sporting rear-wheel drive cars, BMW’s first front-wheel drive car was the 2014 BMW 2 Series Active Tourer multi-purpose vehicle (MPV).

21st century

In January 2021, BMW announced that its sales in 2020 fell by 8.4 percent due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the restrictions. However, in the fourth quarter of 2020, BMW witnessed a rise of 3.2% in its customers’ demands.NEWS, 12 January 2021, BMW sales fall 8.4% in 2020 as coronavirus takes toll, Reuters,www.reuters.com/article/us-bmw-results-idUSKBN29H0Y7, 12 January 2021, On 18 January 2022 BMW announced a BMW 7 Series (G11) special edition simply called “The Final V12”,WEB, Silvestro, Brian, 18 January 2022, BMW Waves Goodbye to the V-12 With a Final Edition M760Li,www.roadandtrack.com/news/a38803898/bmw-m760li-final-edition-v12/, Road & Track, Hearst Communications, the last BMW series production vehicle to be fitted with a V-12 engine.On 5 October 2023 it was announced that BMW UK CEO Chris Brownridge would succeed Torsten Müller-Ötvös as the CEO of Rolls-Royce starting 1 December 2023, as a result of Müller-Ötvös retiring.NEWS,www.motor1.com/news/690049/rolls-royce-new-ceo-announcement/, Rolls-Royce CEO Retires, Chris Brownridge Named New Boss, October 5, 2023, Angel, Sergeev, motor1, 5 October 2023,

Branding

{{Multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 200| image1 = BMW Dixi badge.jpgBMW Dixi>Dixi| image2 = Flag of Bavaria (lozengy).svg| caption2 = Flag of Bavaria| image3 = 2002ti-Garmisch 2019-05-26.jpgBMW 02 Series#2002>BMW 2002ti Garmisch concept}}

Company name

BMW is an abbreviation for Bayerische Motoren Werke ({{IPA-de|ˈbaɪ̯ʁɪʃə mɔˈtʰɔʁnÌ© ˈvɛɐ̯kÉ™}}). This name is grammatically incorrect (in German, compound words must not contain spaces), which is why the grammatically correct form of the name, Bayerische Motorenwerke ({{IPA-de|ˈbaɪ̯ʁɪʃə mɔˈtʰɔʁnÌ©vɛɐ̯kÉ™|-|GT BMW-AG.ogg}}) has been used in several publications and advertisements in the past.Hans List: Vorwort und Einführung zum Gesamtwerk. Band 1 von Die Verbrennungskraftmaschine, Springer, Wien, 1949. {{ISBN|9783662294888}}. Verzeichnis der AbkürzungenRoland Löwisch: BMW - Die schönsten Modelle: 100 Jahre Design und Technik’ by azar. HEEL, 2016, {{ISBN|9783958434066}}. p 7. Bayerische Motorenwerke translates into English as Bavarian Motor Works.WEB, BMW 1970s brochure for the United States,bmw-grouparchiv.de/research/media/9cc857a2-7fa5-4080-ba54-fd5494794417/web, www.bmw-grouparchiv.de, 10 February 2018, dead,web.archive.org/web/20180114021349/https://bmw-grouparchiv.de/research/media/9cc857a2-7fa5-4080-ba54-fd5494794417/web, 14 January 2018, The suffix AG, short for Aktiengesellschaft, signifies an incorporated entity owned by shareholders, thus akin to “Inc.” (US) or PLC, “Public Limited Company” (UK).The terms Beemer, Bimmer and Bee-em are sometimes used as slang for BMW in the English languageBOOK, Bee em / BMW Motorcycle Club of Victoria Inc, National Library of Australia,catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/3913069, 23 October 2009,catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/3913069," title="web.archive.org/web/20110728125152catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/3913069,">web.archive.org/web/20110728125152catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/3913069, 28 July 2011, live, NEWS, No Toupees allowed, 2 October 2009,www.bangkokpost.com/auto/autoreview/24915/no-toupees-allowed, Bangkok Post, 24 October 2009, {{dead link|date=September 2012}} and are sometimes used interchangeably for cars and motorcycles.BOOK, Random House Historical Dictionary of American Slang: A-G, Jonathan E., Lighter, Random House, 1994, 1, 978-0-394-54427-4, 126–27, Beemer n. [BMW + er] a BMW automobile. Also Beamer.,archive.org/details/randomhousehisto01ligh/page/126, BOOK, Random House Historical Dictionary of American Slang: A-G, Jonathan E., Lighter, Random House, 1994, 1, 978-0-394-54427-4, 159, Bimmer n. Beemer.,archive.org/details/randomhousehisto01ligh/page/159, 1982 S. Black Totally Awesome 83 BMW (“Beemer“).1985 L.A. Times (13 April) V 4: Id much rather drive my Beemer than a truck.1989 L. Roberts Full Cleveland 39: Baby boomers... in... late-model Beemers.1990 Hull High (NBC-TV): You should ee my dad’s new Beemer. 1991 Cathy (synd. cartoon strip) (21 April): Sheila... [ground] multi-grain snack chips crumbs into the back seat of my brand-new Beamer!1992 Time (18 May) 84: Its residents tend to drive pickups or subcompacts, not Beemers or Rolles.

Logo

The circular blue and white BMW logo or roundel evolved from the circular Rapp Motorenwerke company logo, which featured a black ring bearing the company name surrounding the company logo,WEB,www.bmw.com/en/automotive-life/bmw-logo-meaning-history1.html, The BMW Logo – meaning and history, BMW, 20 August 2021, an image of a horse head on a plinth. BMW retained Rapp’s black ring inscribed with the company name, but the interior of the ring is quartered blue and white, reminiscent of the coat of arms and flag of Bavaria (which in turn are based on the arms of the historic House of Wittelsbach, which ruled Bavaria for many centuries). The logo does not bear the distinctive lozenge shape found on the coat of arms, however, as local laws at the time it was introduced forbade the use of state coats of arms on commercial logos.WEB,www.youtube.com/watch?v=znBnNJ1Fv08, The origin of the BMW logo, 29 December 2011, BMW, YouTube, live, 2 February 2013,www.youtube.com/watch?v=znBnNJ1Fv08," title="web.archive.org/web/20130202033152www.youtube.com/watch?v=znBnNJ1Fv08,">web.archive.org/web/20130202033152www.youtube.com/watch?v=znBnNJ1Fv08, A persistent myth claims that the logo is based on the image of an airplane propeller spinning in a blue sky. This myth likely stems from a 1929 BMW advertisement that depicted the logo superimposed on a rotating propeller. However, the logo predates that advertisement by 12 years.NEWS,wheels.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/01/07/bmw-roundel-not-born-from-planes/, BMW Roundel: Not Born From Planes, 29 December 2011, Stephen Williams, The New York Times, 7 January 2010, live,wheels.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/01/07/bmw-roundel-not-born-from-planes," title="web.archive.org/web/20100110222011wheels.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/01/07/bmw-roundel-not-born-from-planes,">web.archive.org/web/20100110222011wheels.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/01/07/bmw-roundel-not-born-from-planes, 10 January 2010, The current iteration of the logo was introduced in 2020,BMW changes logo for the digital age, Retrieved 8 March 2020 removing 3D effects that had been used in previous renderings of the logo while removing the black outline encircling the rondel. The logo is used for BMW’s branding communications but it is not used on vehicles.WEB, Introducing BMW’s new brand design for online and offline communication.,www.press.bmwgroup.com/global/article/detail/T0306305EN/introducing-bmw%E2%80%99s-new-brand-design-for-online-and-offline-communication, www.press.bmwgroup.com, 5 March 2020, WEB,www.theverge.com/2020/3/4/21163766/bmw-new-flat-logo-design-bad-transparent-background-cars, BMW’s new flat logo is everything that’s wrong with modern logo design, Gartenberg, Chaim, 4 March 2020, The Verge, 5 March 2020, {{Gallery|mode=nolines|height=150|width=150Logo used in vehicles since 1997The logo on a BMW carLogo used for publicity purposes since March 2020}}

Slogan

The slogan ‘The Ultimate Driving Machine’ was first used in North America in 1974.WEB, The Stories Behind 10 of the Most Iconic Brand Slogans,www.highsnobiety.com/2015/04/07/brand-slogan-history/, www.highsnobiety.com, 7 April 2015, 2 November 2017, {{dead link|date=July 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}WEB, Can Lutz repeat his BMW marketing magic at GM?,www.autonews.com/article/20090821/COPY02/308209997/can-lutz-repeat-his-bmw-marketing-magic-at-gm, www.autonews.com, 2 November 2017, In 2010, this long-lived campaign was mostly supplanted by a campaign intended to make the brand more approachable and to better appeal to women, ‘Joy’. By 2012 BMW had returned to ‘The Ultimate Driving Machine’.MAGAZINE,www.forbes.com/sites/jimhenry/2012/05/31/bmw-still-the-ultimate-driving-machine-not-that-it-ever-wasnt/, BMW Still the Ultimate Driving Machine, Forbes.com, 31 May 2012, 29 September 2013, live,www.forbes.com/sites/jimhenry/2012/05/31/bmw-still-the-ultimate-driving-machine-not-that-it-ever-wasnt/," title="web.archive.org/web/20131201121816www.forbes.com/sites/jimhenry/2012/05/31/bmw-still-the-ultimate-driving-machine-not-that-it-ever-wasnt/,">web.archive.org/web/20131201121816www.forbes.com/sites/jimhenry/2012/05/31/bmw-still-the-ultimate-driving-machine-not-that-it-ever-wasnt/, 1 December 2013,

Finances {| class“wikitable floatright”

|China|29.4%|Rest of Europe|25.3%|United States|20.2%|Germany|10.8%|Rest of Asia|9.0%|Rest of Americas|3.5%|Rest of the World|2.0%{| class=“wikitable floatright“|+Sales by business unit (2022)!Region!share|Automotive|74.2%|Financial services|23.5%|Motorcycles|2.2%In November 2018, BMW’s shares traded at over €77 per share, and its market capitalization was valued at US 55.3 billion.WEB,finance.yahoo.com/quote/BMW.DE/key-statistics?p=BMW.DE&.tsrc=fin-srch, BMW.DE Key Statistics {{!, BAY.MOTOREN WERKE AG ST Stock - Yahoo Finance|website=finance.yahoo.com|language=en-US|access-date=5 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181105160710finance.yahoo.com/quote/BMW.DE/key-statistics?p=BMW.DE&.tsrc=fin-srch|archive-date=5 November 2018|url-status=live}}The key trends of the BMW Group are (as at the financial year ending December 31):WEB, BMW St Fundamentalanalyse {{!, KGV {{!}} Kennzahlen |url=https://www.boerse.de/fundamental-analyse/BMW-St-Aktie/DE0005190003 |access-date=2023-11-29 |website=boerse.de |language=de}}WEB, Company Reports,www.bmwgroup.com/en/investor-relations/company-reports.html, 2023-11-29, www.bmwgroup.com, en, {| class=“wikitable float-left” style="text-align: right;“!Year!Revenue(€ bn)!Net income(€ bn)!Total assets(€ bn)!Employees|2011|68.8|4.8|123|100,306|2012|76.8|5.0|131|105,876|2013|76.0|5.3|138|110,351|2014|80.4|5.7|154|116,324|2015|92.1| 6.3|172|122,244|2016|94.1|6.8|188|124,729|2017|98.6|8.6|193|129,932|2018|97.4|7.1|208|134,682|2019|104|4.9|241|133,778|2020|98.9|3.7|216|120,726|2021|111|12.3|229|118,909|2022|142|17.9|246|149,475

Motorcycles

{{See also|BMW Motorrad|History of BMW motorcycles}}File:R32-pn.jpg|thumb|The R32 motorcycle, the first BMW motor vehicle, at the BMW Museum in MunichMunichFile:2015 R1200RT right.jpg|thumb|The 2015 BMW R1200RTBMW R1200RTBMW began production of motorcycle engines and then motorcycles after World War I.Peter Gantriis, Henry Von Wartenberg. “The Art of BMW: 85 Years of Motorcycling Excellence”. MotorBooks International, September 2008, p. 10. Its motorcycle brand is now known as BMW Motorrad. Their first successful motorcycle after the failed Helios and Flink, was the “R32” in 1923, though production originally began in 1921.WEB,www.reference.com/vehicles/history-bmw-motorcycles-usa-5e17ca6bfcbc7a67?qo=cdpArticles, What is the history of BMW motorcycles in the USA?, dead,web.archive.org/web/20170824225728/https://www.reference.com/vehicles/history-bmw-motorcycles-usa-5e17ca6bfcbc7a67?qo=cdpArticles, 24 August 2017, 6 May 2017, This had a “boxer” twin engine, in which a cylinder projects into the air-flow from each side of the machine. Apart from their single-cylinder models (basically to the same pattern), all their motorcycles used this distinctive layout until the early 1980s. Many BMW’s are still produced in this layout, which is designated the R Series.The entire BMW Motorcycle production has, since 1969, been located at the company’s Berlin-Spandau factory.During the Second World War, BMW produced the BMW R75 motorcycle with a motor-driven sidecar attached, combined with a lockable differential, this made the vehicle very capable off-road.WEB,www.vintagebmw.org/v7/model/r75wh, R75WH, 30 November 2018, dead,www.vintagebmw.org/v7/model/r75wh," title="web.archive.org/web/20200204163429www.vintagebmw.org/v7/model/r75wh,">web.archive.org/web/20200204163429www.vintagebmw.org/v7/model/r75wh, 4 February 2020, 4 February 2020, WEB,www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=229, BMW R75, 9 September 2016, Military Factory, 4 February 2020, In 1982, came the K Series, shaft drive but water-cooled and with either three or four cylinders mounted in a straight line from front to back. Shortly after, BMW also started making the chain-driven F and G series with single and parallel twin Rotax engines.In the early 1990s, BMW updated the airhead Boxer engine which became known as the oilhead. In 2002, the oilhead engine had two spark plugs per cylinder. In 2004 it added a built-in balance shaft, an increased capacity to {{convert|1170|cc|0|abbr=on}} and enhanced performance to {{cvt|75|kW|0}} for the R1200GS, compared to {{cvt|63|kW|0}} of the previous R1150GS. More powerful variants of the oilhead engines are available in the R1100S and R1200S, producing {{cvt|73|and|91|kW|0}}, respectively.In 2004, BMW introduced the new K1200S Sports Bike which marked a departure for BMW. It had an engine producing {{cvt|125|kW|0}}, derived from the company’s work with the Williams F1 team, and is lighter than previous K models. Innovations include electronically adjustable front and rear suspension, and a Hossack-type front fork that BMW calls Duolever.BMW introduced anti-lock brakes on production motorcycles starting in the late 1980s. The generation of anti-lock brakes available on the 2006 and later BMW motorcycles paved the way for the introduction of electronic stability control, or anti-skid technology later in the 2007 model year.BMW has been an innovator in motorcycle suspension design, taking up telescopic front suspension long before most other manufacturers. Then they switched to an Earles fork, front suspension by swinging fork (1955 to 1969). Most modern BMWs are truly rear swingarm, single sided at the back (compare with the regular swinging fork usually, and wrongly, called swinging arm).Some BMWs started using yet another trademark front suspension design, the Telelever, in the early 1990s. Like the Earles fork, the Telelever significantly reduces dive under braking.BMW Group, on 31 January 2013, announced that Pierer Industrie AG has bought Husqvarna Motorcycles for an undisclosed amount, which will not be revealed by either party in the future. The company is headed by Stephan Pierer (CEO of KTM). Pierer Industrie AG is 51% owner of KTM and 100% owner of Husqvarna.In September 2018, BMW unveiled a new self-driving motorcycle with BMW Motorrad with a goal of using the technology to help improve road safety.WEB,www.theverge.com/2018/9/12/17847508/bmw-motorrad-self-driving-motorcycle, BMW made a self-driving motorcycle, O’Kane, Sean, 12 September 2018, The Verge, 30 May 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190601162414/https://www.theverge.com/2018/9/12/17847508/bmw-motorrad-self-driving-motorcycle, 1 June 2019, live, The design of the bike was inspired by the company’s BMW R1200 GS model.WEB,www.forbes.com/sites/jeanbaptiste/2018/09/14/bmw-unveils-the-first-driverless-motorcycle/, BMW Unveils The First Driverless Motorcycle, Su, Jean Baptiste, Forbes, en, 30 May 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190530120611/https://www.forbes.com/sites/jeanbaptiste/2018/09/14/bmw-unveils-the-first-driverless-motorcycle/, 30 May 2019, live,

Automobiles

Current models

{{See also|List of BMW vehicles|Mini (marque)|Rolls-Royce Motor Cars}}The current model lines of BMW cars are:

• 1 Series five-door hatchbacks (model code F40). A four-door sedan variant (model code F52) is also sold in China and Mexico.WEB, BMW 1 Series Sedan No Longer China-Exclusive; Launched in Mexico,www.motor1.com/news/250345/bmw-1-series-sedan-mexico/, Motor1.com, 14 November 2018, en,web.archive.org/web/20181114100345/https://www.motor1.com/news/250345/bmw-1-series-sedan-mexico/, 14 November 2018, live,
• 2 Series two-door coupes (model code G42), “Active Tourer” five-seat MPVs (U06) and four-door “Gran Coupe” fastback sedans (model code F44).
• 3 Series four-door sedans (model code G20) and five-door station wagons (G21).
• 4 Series two-door coupes (model code G22), two-door convertibles (model code G23) and five-door “Gran Coupe” fastbacks (model code G26).
• 5 Series four-door sedans (model code G60) and five-door station wagons (G61) and long wheel base model exclusive to china (G68).
• 6 Series “Gran Turismo” five-door fastbacks (model code G32)
• 7 Series four-door sedans (model code G70).
• 8 Series two-door coupes (model code G14), two-door convertibles (G15) and “Gran Coupe” four-door fastback sedans (G16).

File:BMW F40 IMG 0432.jpg|1 Series (F40)File:2020 BMW M235i xDrive Gran Coupe Front.jpg|2 Series Gran Coupé (F44)File:BMW G42 1X7A0370.jpg|2 Series (G42)File:2019 BMW 318d SE Automatic 2.0 Front.jpg|3 Series (G20)File:2020 BMW 420i Sport Automatic 2.0.jpg|4 Series (G22)File:BMW G60 520d 1X7A1681.jpg|5 Series (G60)File:BMW 640d GT xDrive 1X7A0311.jpg|6 Series (G32)File:BMW i7 xDrive60 1X7A6822.jpg|7 Series (G70)File:BMW G14 IMG 6039.jpg|8 Series (G15)The current model lines of the X Series SUVs and crossovers are:

• X1 (U11)
• X2 (F39)
• X3 (G01)
• X4 (G02)
• X5 (G05)
• X6 (G06)
• X7 (G07)
• XM (G09)

File:BMW U11 1X7A6826.jpg|X1 (U11)File:2018 BMW X2 xDrive20D M Sport X Automatic 2.0.jpg|X2 (F39)File:2018 BMW X3 xDrive30d M Sport Automatic 3.0 Front.jpg|X3 (G01)File:2018 BMW X4 xDrive20d M Sport Automatic 2.0 Front.jpg|X4 (G02)File:2019 BMW X5 M50d Automatic 3.0.jpg|X5 (G05)File:BMW G06 IMG 3715.jpg|X6 (G06)File:BMW G07 (2022) 1X7A6450.jpg|X7 (G07)File:BMW XM 1X7A6874.jpg|XM (G09)The current model line of the Z Series two-door roadsters is the Z4 (model code G29).File:2019 BMW Z4 M40i Automatic 3.0.jpg|Z4 (G29)

i models

All-electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles are sold under the BMW i sub-brand. The current model range consists of:

• i3 B-segment (subcompact) hatchback, powered by one electric motor and an optional range-extending petrol engine
• i4 D-segment (compact) liftback, powered by one or two electric motors
• i5 E-segment (executive) sedan, powered by one or two electric motors
• i7 F-segment (full-size) sedan, powered by two electric motors
• iX1 C-segment (subcompact) SUV, powered by two electric motors
• iX3 D-segment (compact) SUV, powered by one electric motor
• iX E-segment (mid-size) SUV, powered by two electric motors

File:2018 BMW i3 facelift (1).jpg|i3File:BMW i4 IMG 6695.jpg|i4File:BMW i5 1X7A1826.jpg|i5File:BMW i7 xDrive60 1X7A6822.jpg|i7File:BMW iX1 1X7A6829.jpg|iX1File:BMW iX3 G08 FL IMG 6225.jpg|iX3File:BMW iX 1X7A0305.jpg|iXIn addition, several plug-in hybrid models built on existing platforms have been marketed as iPerformance models. Examples include the 225xe using a 1.5 L three-cylinder turbocharged petrol engine with an electric motor, the 330e/530e using a 2.0 L four-cylinder engine with an electric motor,WEB, BMW Group, November 2016, Electrified by BMW i - BMW iPerformance: Plug-in hybrids with BMW i know-how,www.bmw.com/com/en/insights/corporation/iperformance/index.html, dead,www.bmw.com/com/en/insights/corporation/iperformance/index.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20161031184826www.bmw.com/com/en/insights/corporation/iperformance/index.html,">web.archive.org/web/20161031184826www.bmw.com/com/en/insights/corporation/iperformance/index.html, 31 October 2016, 3 November 2016, BMW.com, WEB, Electrification completed: New BMW 5 Series Sedan now also available with plug-in hybrid drive.,www.press.bmwgroup.com/global/article/detail/T0437229EN/electrification-completed:-new-bmw-5-series-sedan-now-also-available-with-plug-in-hybrid-drive?language=en, 2024-01-22, www.press.bmwgroup.com, en, and the 550e/750e using a 3.0 L six-cylinder engine with an electric motor.WEB, Progress and efficiency with added variety: additional drive system variants and innovations for the new BMW 7 Series.,www.press.bmwgroup.com/global/article/detail/T0404080EN/progress-and-efficiency-with-added-variety:-additional-drive-system-variants-and-innovations-for-the-new-bmw-7-series?language=en, 2024-01-22, www.press.bmwgroup.com, en, Also, crossover and SUV plug-in hybrid models have been released using i technology: X1 xDrive25e, X2 xDrive25e, X3 xDrive30e, and X5 xDrive40e.WEB,www.bmw.co.uk/en/topics/discover/electric-and-phev/plug-in-hybrids.html, BMW Plug-in Hybrid Models, BMW UK, 19 May 2020, 20 June 2020, The 330e and 530e are available as sedan or saloon and wagon or touring trims.

M models

The BMW M GmbH subsidiary (called BMW Motorsport GmbH until 1993) started making high-performance versions of various BMW models in 1978.{{As of|March 2023}}, the M lineup is:WEB,www.bmwusa.com/vehicles/bmw-m/models.html#electrified-performance-m-models%20, BMW M models, BMW USA, 2 September 2022, {{failed verification|date=July 2023}}

• M2 two-door coupe
• M3 four-door sedan and five-door station wagon
• M4 two-door coupe/convertible
• M5 four-door sedan
• M8 two-door coupe/convertible and four-door sedan
• X3 M compact SUVWEB, The all-new BMW X3 M and the all-new BMW X4 M.,www.press.bmwgroup.com/global/article/detail/T0291184EN/the-all-new-bmw-x3-m-and-the-all-new-bmw-x4-m?language=en, www.press.bmwgroup.com, 14 February 2019, en,web.archive.org/web/20190214174305/https://www.press.bmwgroup.com/global/article/detail/T0291184EN/the-all-new-bmw-x3-m-and-the-all-new-bmw-x4-m?language=en, 14 February 2019, live,
• X4 M compact coupe SUV
• X5 M mid-size SUVWEB, The Next-Generation BMW X5 M Could Debut Early In 2020,carbuzz.com/news/the-next-generation-bmw-x5-m-could-debut-early-in-2020, www.carbuzz.com, 30 December 2017, 29 July 2019, en-us,
• X6 M mid-size coupe SUVWEB, 2020 BMW X6 (G06) Spied In Spartanburg,www.autoevolution.com/news/2020-bmw-x6-g06-spied-in-spartanburg-126617.html, www.autoevolution.com, 29 July 2019, en, 25 June 2018,web.archive.org/web/20190729103150/https://www.autoevolution.com/news/2020-bmw-x6-g06-spied-in-spartanburg-126617.html, 29 July 2019, live,

File:BMW G87 M2 1X7A6663.jpg|M2File:2021 BMW M3 Competition Automatic 3.0 Front.jpg|M3File:BMW M4 (G82) IMG 4183.jpg|M4File:2018 BMW M5 Automatic 4.4.jpg|M5File:BMW M8 Competition IMG 3364.jpg|M8File:BMW X3 M (G01) IMG 4198.jpg|X3 MFile:2019 BMW X4 M Competition Automatic 3.0 Front.jpg|X4 MFile:BMW X5 M (G05) IMG 3370.jpg|X5 MFile:BMW X6 M Competition (G06) IMG 3572.jpg|X6 MThe letter “M” is also often used in the marketing of BMW’s regular models, for example the F20 M140i model, the G11 M760Li model and various optional extras called “M Sport”, “M Performance” or similar.

Naming convention for models

{{clear right}}

Motorsport

{{Further|BMW in motorsport}}{{See also|BMW Motorsport}}BMW has a long history of motorsport activities, including:

• Touring cars, such as DTM, WTCC, ETCC and BTCC
• Formula One
• Endurance racing, such as 24 Hours Nürburgring, 24 Hours of Le Mans, 24 Hours of Daytona and Spa 24 Hours
• Isle of Man TT
• Dakar Rally
• American Le Mans Series
• IMSA SportsCar Championship
• Formula BMW, a junior racing Formula category
• Formula Two
• Formula E

File:16 Timo Glock (27860673816).jpg|2016 BMW M4 DTMFile:BMW M6 GT3 of Richards & Twigg 2016.jpg|2016 BMW M6 GT3File:Christian Iddon BSB Knockhill 2016.jpg|2016 BMW S1000RR File:Nick Heidfeld 2007 Britain 2.jpg|2007 BMW Sauber F1.07

Involvement in the arts

Art Cars

In 1975, sculptor Alexander Calder was commissioned to paint the BMW 3.0 CSL racing car driven by Hervé Poulain at the 24 Hours of Le Mans, which became the first in the series of BMW Art Cars. Since Calder’s work of art, many other renowned artists throughout the world have created BMW Art Cars, including David Hockney, Jenny Holzer, Roy Lichtenstein, Robert Rauschenberg, Frank Stella, and Andy Warhol.NEWS, Patton, Phil, 12 March 2009, These Canvases Need Oil and a Good Driver, The New York Times,www.nytimes.com/2009/03/15/automobiles/collectibles/15artcars.html, AU1, live,www.nytimes.com/2009/03/15/automobiles/collectibles/15artcars.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20170329032117www.nytimes.com/2009/03/15/automobiles/collectibles/15artcars.html,">web.archive.org/web/20170329032117www.nytimes.com/2009/03/15/automobiles/collectibles/15artcars.html, 29 March 2017, To date, a total of 19 BMW Art Cars, based on both racing and regular production vehicles, have been created.File:Calder CSL.jpg|1975 3.0 CSL Art Car by Alexander CalderFile:BMW M1.jpg|1979 M1 Art Car by Andy Warhol

Architecture

(File:4 cilindros y museo BMW, Múnich, Alemania 2012-04-28, DD 02.JPG|thumb|right|upright|BMW Headquarters)The global BMW Headquarters in Munich represents the cylinder head of a 4-cylinder engine. It was designed by Karl Schwanzer and was completed in 1972. The building has become a European icon and was declared a protected historic building in 1999. The main tower consists of four vertical cylinders standing next to and across from each other. Each cylinder is divided horizontally in its center by a mold in the facade. Notably, these cylinders do not stand on the ground; they are suspended on a central support tower.BMW Museum is a futuristic cauldron-shaped building, which was also designed by Karl Schwanzer and opened in 1972.NEWS, Touring the Temples of German Automaking,www.nytimes.com/2010/01/03/automobiles/03museums.html, The New York Times, 31 December 2009, 21 October 2017, live,www.nytimes.com/2010/01/03/automobiles/03museums.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20171022085155www.nytimes.com/2010/01/03/automobiles/03museums.html,">web.archive.org/web/20171022085155www.nytimes.com/2010/01/03/automobiles/03museums.html, 22 October 2017, Williams, Stephen, The interior has a spiral theme and the roof is a 40-metre diameter BMW logo.BMW Welt, the company’s exhibition space in Munich, was designed by Coop Himmelb(l)au and opened in 2007. It includes a showroom and lifting platforms where a customer’s new car is theatrically unveiled to the customer.{{Citation |url=books.google.com/books?id=UPi7nca0jukC&pg=PA64 |page= 64 |title= Happy Customers Everywhere: How Your Business Can Profit from the Insights of Positive Psychology |first1= Bernd |last1= Schmitt |first2= Glenn |last2= Van Zutphen |publisher= Macmillan |year= 2012 |isbn= 9781137000460 |url-status = live|archive-url=web.archive.org/web/20180319230302/https://books.google.com/books?id=UPi7nca0jukC&pg=PA64 |archive-date= 19 March 2018 |df= dmy-all }}File:BMW Museum Old Wing Interior 200905.jpg|BMW MuseumFile:BMW Welt, Múnich, Alemania, 2013-04-22, DD 03.jpg|BMW Welt

Film

In 2001 and 2002, BMW produced a series of eight short films called The Hire, which had plots based around BMW models being driven to extremes by Clive Owen.WEB,www.bmwfilms.com, BMW Films,bmwfilms.com/," title="web.archive.org/web/20070625032109bmwfilms.com/,">web.archive.org/web/20070625032109bmwfilms.com/, 25 June 2007, The directors for The Hire included Guy Ritchie, John Woo, John Frankenheimer and Ang Lee. In 2016, a ninth film in the series was released.The 2006 “BMW Performance Series” was a marketing event geared to attract black car buyers. It consisted of seven concerts by jazz musician Mike Phillips, and screenings of films by black filmmakers.WEB, Performance of a Different Kind: BMW arts series aims at black consumers, 10 August 2006, www.autoweek.com,autoweek.com/article/car-news/performance-different-kind-bmw-arts-series-aims-black-consumers, 30 June 2019, live, 30 June 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190630113621/https://autoweek.com/article/car-news/performance-different-kind-bmw-arts-series-aims-black-consumers, NEWS, BMW arts series aims at black consumers, Automotive News, 80, 6215, 7 August 2006, 37,

Visual arts

BMW sponsors a number of awards in the visual arts. These include the BMW Art Journey award, which honors a young or mid-career artist in collaboration with Art Basel, and the BMW Painting Award, which was created to promote painting in Spain by finding new talent and showcasing their work.WEB, 21 May 2021, The Short List Is in for the 2021 Edition of the BMW Art Journey Initiative. And the Nominees Are...,news.artnet.com/art-world/bmw-art-journey-2021-short-list-1970462, 19 May 2023, Artnet News, en-US, WEB, The BMW Painting Award,cultura.acciona.com/projects/the-bmw-painting-award, 19 May 2023, Acciona Cultura, BMW was the principal sponsor of the 1998 The Art of the Motorcycle exhibition at various Guggenheim museums, though the financial relationship between BMW and the Guggenheim Foundation was criticised in many quarters.MAGAZINE, 21 April 2001, When merchants enter the temple; Marketing museums,www9.georgetown.edu/faculty/irvinem/visualarts/museums/Economist-MuseumMarketing-Guggenheim-04-19-01.html, The Economist, dead,www9.georgetown.edu/faculty/irvinem/visualarts/museums/Economist-MuseumMarketing-Guggenheim-04-19-01.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20100527132415www9.georgetown.edu/faculty/irvinem/visualarts/museums/Economist-MuseumMarketing-Guggenheim-04-19-01.html,">web.archive.org/web/20100527132415www9.georgetown.edu/faculty/irvinem/visualarts/museums/Economist-MuseumMarketing-Guggenheim-04-19-01.html, 27 May 2010, 8 August 2009, NEWS, Vogel, Carol, 3 August 1998, Latest Biker Hangout? Guggenheim Ramp, The New York Times, A1,www.nytimes.com/1998/08/03/arts/latest-biker-hangout-guggenheim-ramp.html,www.nytimes.com/1998/08/03/arts/latest-biker-hangout-guggenheim-ramp.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20141221173720www.nytimes.com/1998/08/03/arts/latest-biker-hangout-guggenheim-ramp.html,">web.archive.org/web/20141221173720www.nytimes.com/1998/08/03/arts/latest-biker-hangout-guggenheim-ramp.html, 21 December 2014, live, In 2012, BMW began sponsoring Independent Collectors production of the BMW Art Guide, which is the first global guide to private and publicly accessible collections of contemporary art worldwide.WEB,www.bmw-art-guide.com/about-the-guide, About the Guide – “I don’t think anybody has been to all these places.”, www.bmw-art-guide.com, en, 26 February 2017,web.archive.org/web/20170227062721/https://www.bmw-art-guide.com/about-the-guide, 27 February 2017, live, The fourth edition, released in 2016, features 256 collections from 43 countries.WEB, HYPERALLERGIC: The Fourth BMW Art Guide by Independent Collectors, 13 December 2016,hyperallergic.com/343491/the-fourth-bmw-art-guide-by-independent-collectors/, 30 June 2019, live,web.archive.org/web/20190630113622/https://hyperallergic.com/343491/the-fourth-bmw-art-guide-by-independent-collectors/, 30 June 2019,

Production and sales

File:BMW Leipzig MEDIA 050719 Download Karosseriebau max.jpg|thumb|Spot weldingSpot weldingBMW produces complete automobiles in the following countries:

• Germany: Munich, Dingolfing, Regensburg and Leipzig
• United States: SpartanburgWEB,www.bmwcca.org/node/8278, BMW increasing Spartanburg production to 200,000 yearly, BMW Car Club of America,www.bmwcca.org/node/8278," title="web.archive.org/web/20071112184101www.bmwcca.org/node/8278,">web.archive.org/web/20071112184101www.bmwcca.org/node/8278, 12 November 2007, dead, WEB, Contact Us,www.bmwusfactory.com/contact-us/, www.bmwusfactory.com, 28 April 2018,www.bmwusfactory.com/contact-us/," title="web.archive.org/web/20180217092143www.bmwusfactory.com/contact-us/,">web.archive.org/web/20180217092143www.bmwusfactory.com/contact-us/, 17 February 2018, live,
• Mexico: San Luis PotosíWEB,www.bmwgroup-werke.com/san-luis-potosi/en.html, BMW Group Plant San Luis Potosi, 16 November 2018,web.archive.org/web/20181225055651/https://www.bmwgroup-werke.com/san-luis-potosi/en.html, 25 December 2018, dead,
• China: Shenyang

BMW also has local assembly operation using complete knock-down (CKD) components in Brazil, Thailand, Russia, Egypt, Indonesia, Malaysia and India.WEB,www.bmwgroup.com/bmwgroup_prod/e/nav/index.html?http://www.bmwgroup.com/bmwgroup_prod/e/0_0_www_bmwgroup_com/home/home.html, BMW Group, BMW Group, 1 June 2011,www.bmwgroup.com/bmwgroup_prod/e/nav/index.html?http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bmwgroup.com%2Fbmwgroup_prod%2Fe%2F0_0_www_bmwgroup_com%2Fhome%2Fhome.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20110430032949www.bmwgroup.com/bmwgroup_prod/e/nav/index.html?http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bmwgroup.com%2Fbmwgroup_prod%2Fe%2F0_0_www_bmwgroup_com%2Fhome%2Fhome.html,">web.archive.org/web/20110430032949www.bmwgroup.com/bmwgroup_prod/e/nav/index.html?http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bmwgroup.com%2Fbmwgroup_prod%2Fe%2F0_0_www_bmwgroup_com%2Fhome%2Fhome.html, 30 April 2011, live, In the UK, BMW has a Mini factory near Oxford, plants in Swindon and Hams Hall, and Rolls-Royce vehicle assembly at Goodwood. In 2020, these facilities were shut down for the period from 23 March to 17 April due to the coronavirus outbreak.NEWS,www.bbc.com/news/business-51944301, Almost all UK car production paused amid virus fears, 18 March 2020, BBC News, 19 March 2020, en-GB, The BMW group (including Mini and Rolls-Royce) produced 1,366,838 automobiles in 2006 and then 1,481,253 automobiles in 2010.WEB,oica.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/07/bmw.pdf, World Motor Vehicle Production, OICA correspondents survey 2006, 28 August 2010, dead,oica.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/07/bmw.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20100612040841oica.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/07/bmw.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20100612040841oica.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/07/bmw.pdf, 12 June 2010, BMW Motorcycles are being produced at the company’s Berlin factory, which earlier had produced aircraft engines for Siemens.By 2011, about 56% of BMW-brand vehicles produced are powered by petrol engines and the remaining 44% are powered by diesel engines. Of those petrol vehicles, about 27% are four-cylinder models and about nine percent are eight-cylinder models.WEB,www.autocar.co.uk/blogs/autocarconfidential/archive/2011/02/18/the-future-of-bmw-s-engines.aspx, The future of BMW’s engines, 11 February 2011, Hilton Holloway, Autocar, live,www.autocar.co.uk/blogs/autocarconfidential/archive/2011/02/18/the-future-of-bmw-s-engines.aspx," title="web.archive.org/web/20120117165709www.autocar.co.uk/blogs/autocarconfidential/archive/2011/02/18/the-future-of-bmw-s-engines.aspx,">web.archive.org/web/20120117165709www.autocar.co.uk/blogs/autocarconfidential/archive/2011/02/18/the-future-of-bmw-s-engines.aspx, 17 January 2012, On average, 9,000 vehicles per day exit BMW plants, and 63% are transported by rail.WEB,automotivelogistics.media/intelligence/bmw-shaping-self-steering-supply-chain, BMW’s ‘connected’ logistics: Shaping a self-steering supply chain, Christopher Ludwig, 22 December 2016, Automotive Logistics, 6 April 2017, logistics as the “heart of BMW’s production system”: 30m parts per day move from 1,800 suppliers; 7,000 sea freight containers per day, and in a year 84m cubic metres across ocean, road, rail and air freight. Outbound, around 9,000 vehicles leave BMW plants each day on their way to 4,500 dealers in 160 countries. 63% of cars leave plants by train, dead,automotivelogistics.media/intelligence/bmw-shaping-self-steering-supply-chain," title="web.archive.org/web/20170407053706automotivelogistics.media/intelligence/bmw-shaping-self-steering-supply-chain,">web.archive.org/web/20170407053706automotivelogistics.media/intelligence/bmw-shaping-self-steering-supply-chain, 7 April 2017, Annual production since 2005, according to BMW’s annual reports:WEB,annual-report.bmwgroup.com/2010/gb/files/pdf/en/BMW_Group_AR2010.pdf, Annual Report 2010, 16 March 2011, BMW Group, dead,annual-report.bmwgroup.com/2010/gb/files/pdf/en/BMW_Group_AR2010.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20110516025402annual-report.bmwgroup.com/2010/gb/files/pdf/en/BMW_Group_AR2010.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20110516025402annual-report.bmwgroup.com/2010/gb/files/pdf/en/BMW_Group_AR2010.pdf, 16 May 2011, {|class=“wikitable sortable” style="text-align: center;”!Year!!BMW!!MINI!!Rolls-Royce!!Motorcycle*|92,013103,759|104,396|118,452|93,243|112,271|110,360|113,811|110,127|133,615|151,004|145,555|185,682|162,687|187,116|168,104|187,500Annual sales since 2005, according to BMW’s annual reports:{|class=“wikitable sortable” style="text-align: center;”! Year !! BMW !! MINI !! Rolls-Royce !! Motorcycle*| 97,474| 100,064| 102,467| 115,196| 100,358| 110,113| 113,572| 117,109| 115,215**| 123,495| 136,963| 145,032| 164,153|2018|2,114,963|364,135|4,194|165,566|2019|2,185,793|347,474|5,100|175,162|2020|2,028,841|292,582|3,756|169,272|2021|2,213,379|302,138|5,586|194,261

• In 2008–2012, motorcycle productions figures include Husqvarna models.
  • Excluding Husqvarna, sales volume up to 2013: 59,776 units.

Recalls

In November 2016, BMW recalled 136,000 2007–2012 model year U.S. cars for fuel pump wiring problems possibly resulting in fuel leak and engine stalling or restarting issues.WEB, Atiyeh, Clifford, BMW Recalls 136,000 Cars for Fuel Leaks and Stalling,www.caranddriver.com/news/bmw-recalls-136000-cars-for-fuel-leaks-and-stalling, Car and Driver, November 2016, 14 August 2018, en,web.archive.org/web/20180814040534/https://www.caranddriver.com/news/bmw-recalls-136000-cars-for-fuel-leaks-and-stalling, 14 August 2018, live, In 2018, BMW recalled 106,000 diesel vehicles in South Korea with a defective exhaust gas recirculation module, which caused 39 engine fires. The recall was then expanded to 324,000 more cars in Europe.NEWS, Randewich, Noel, Duguid, Kate, BMW recalls 324,000 cars in Europe after Korean engine fires: FAZ,www.reuters.com/article/us-bmw-recall/bmw-recalls-324000-cars-in-europe-after-korean-engine-fires-faz-idUSKBN1KS1ST, Reuters, 7 August 2018, 13 August 2018,web.archive.org/web/20180814071324/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-bmw-recall/bmw-recalls-324000-cars-in-europe-after-korean-engine-fires-faz-idUSKBN1KS1ST, 14 August 2018, live, Following the recall in South Korea, the government banned cars which had not yet been inspected from driving on public roads.NEWS,money.cnn.com/2018/08/14/news/companies/bmw-korea-fire-recall/index.html, BMW Recall: South Korea announces ban after engine fires, Jethro, Mullen, CNN, 14 August 2018, 16 October 2018,web.archive.org/web/20181016165313/https://money.cnn.com/2018/08/14/news/companies/bmw-korea-fire-recall/index.html, 16 October 2018, live, This affected up to 25% of the recalled cars, where the owners had been notified but the cars had not yet been inspected. BMW is reported to have been aware since 2016 that more than 4% of the affected cars in South Korea had experienced failures in the EGR coolers,WEB,news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&mid=sec&sid1=001&oid=437&aid=0000188659, BMW코리아 ‘시정계획서’엔…2ë…„ ì „ 결함 인지→본사 보고까지 : 네이버 뉴스, www.naver.com, ko, 30 July 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190824234932/https://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&mid=sec&sid1=001&oid=437&aid=0000188659, 24 August 2019, live, leading to approximately 20 owners suing the company.WEB,news.naver.com/main/ranking/read.nhn?mid=etc&sid1=111&rankingType=popular_day&oid=032&aid=0002886392&date=20180808&type=0&rankingSeq=2&rankingSectionId=103, BMW코리아·본사가 결함 은폐해온 의혹” 차주들, 고소 나선다 : 네이버 뉴스, ko, www.naver.com, 30 July 2019,

Industry collaboration

BMW has collaborated with other car manufacturers on the following occasions:

• McLaren Automotive: BMW designed and produced the V12 engine that powered the McLaren F1.WEB, McLaren F1 Supercar,www.caranddriver.com/reviews/mclaren-f1-supercar-road-test-review, www.caranddriver.com, 5 October 2017, live,web.archive.org/web/20171005202323/https://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/mclaren-f1-supercar-road-test-review, 5 October 2017, WEB, Jay Leno Pulls Out McLaren F1’s V12 Engine for All to See,www.carscoops.com/2013/07/jay-leno-pulls-out-mclaren-f1-v12.html, www.carscoops.com, 5 October 2017, dead,www.carscoops.com/2013/07/jay-leno-pulls-out-mclaren-f1-v12.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20170211055512www.carscoops.com/2013/07/jay-leno-pulls-out-mclaren-f1-v12.html,">web.archive.org/web/20170211055512www.carscoops.com/2013/07/jay-leno-pulls-out-mclaren-f1-v12.html, 11 February 2017,
• Groupe PSA (predecessor to Stellantis): Joint production of four-cylinder petrol engines, beginning in 2004.WEB, PSA, BMW Collaboration Grows,wardsauto.com/news-analysis/psa-bmw-collaboration-grows, www.wardsauto.com, 19 January 2007, 5 October 2017, live,wardsauto.com/news-analysis/psa-bmw-collaboration-grows," title="web.archive.org/web/20171006014858wardsauto.com/news-analysis/psa-bmw-collaboration-grows,">web.archive.org/web/20171006014858wardsauto.com/news-analysis/psa-bmw-collaboration-grows, 6 October 2017,
• Daimler Benz: Joint venture to produce the hybrid drivetrain components used in the ActiveHybrid 7.WEB, 2010 BMW ActiveHybrid 7 Review,www.topspeed.com/cars/bmw/2010-bmw-activehybrid-7-ar77932.html, www.topspeed.com, 13 August 2009, 5 October 2017, WEB, 2010 BMW ActiveHybrid 7 – Official Information,www.bmwblog.com/2009/08/12/2010-bmw-activehybrid-7-official-information/, www.bmwblog.com, 12 August 2009, 5 October 2017, 6 October 2017,www.bmwblog.com/2009/08/12/2010-bmw-activehybrid-7-official-information/," title="web.archive.org/web/20171006111849www.bmwblog.com/2009/08/12/2010-bmw-activehybrid-7-official-information/,">web.archive.org/web/20171006111849www.bmwblog.com/2009/08/12/2010-bmw-activehybrid-7-official-information/, dead, Development of automated driving technology.WEB,www.turnto23.com/news/national/bmw-and-daimler-partner-together-to-develop-automated-driving-technology, BMW and Daimler to develop automated driving tech, 5 July 2019, KERO, en, 8 July 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190705235425/https://www.turnto23.com/news/national/bmw-and-daimler-partner-together-to-develop-automated-driving-technology, 5 July 2019, live,
• Toyota: Three-part agreement in 2013 to jointly develop fuel cell technology, develop a joint platform for a sports car (for the 2018 BMW Z4 (G29) and Toyota Supra) and research lithium-air batteries.WEB, BMW Group and Toyota Motor Corporation Deepen Collaboration by Signing Binding Agreements,www.press.bmwgroup.com/global/article/detail/T0136503EN/bmw-group-and-toyota-motor-corporation-deepen-collaboration-by-signing-binding-agreements?language=en, www.bmwgroup.com, 5 October 2017, live,web.archive.org/web/20171006012024/https://www.press.bmwgroup.com/global/article/detail/T0136503EN/bmw-group-and-toyota-motor-corporation-deepen-collaboration-by-signing-binding-agreements?language=en, 6 October 2017, WEB,www.greencarreports.com/news/1081864_bmw-to-build-hydrogen-fuel-cell-cars-with-toyota-technology, 24 January 2013, BMW, Toyota Confirm Hydrogen Fuel Cell, Technology Deals, live,www.greencarreports.com/news/1081864_bmw-to-build-hydrogen-fuel-cell-cars-with-toyota-technology," title="web.archive.org/web/20160628173239www.greencarreports.com/news/1081864_bmw-to-build-hydrogen-fuel-cell-cars-with-toyota-technology,">web.archive.org/web/20160628173239www.greencarreports.com/news/1081864_bmw-to-build-hydrogen-fuel-cell-cars-with-toyota-technology, 28 June 2016, WEB, BMW and Toyota sign Agreement for Fuel Cell System, Sports Vehicle, Lightweight Technology and Lithium-air Battery,www.bmwblog.com/2013/01/24/bmw-and-toyota-sign-agreement-for-fuel-cell-system-sports-vehicle-lightweight-technology-and-lithium-air-battery/, www.bmwblog.com, 24 January 2013, 5 October 2017,
• Audi and Mercedes: Joint purchase of Nokia’s Here WeGo (formerly Here Maps) in 2015.WEB, Nokia sells Here maps unit to Audi, BMW, and Mercedes for $3 billion,www.theverge.com/2015/8/3/9088727/nokia-sells-here-maps, www.theverge.com, 3 August 2015, 5 October 2017, live,web.archive.org/web/20171006011721/https://www.theverge.com/2015/8/3/9088727/nokia-sells-here-maps, 6 October 2017,
• In 2018, Horizn Studios collaborated with BMW to launch special luggage editions.NEWS, Horizn Studios Introduces New Product Line,vegconomist.com/products-and-launches/horizn-studios-introduces-new-product-line/, 23 September 2019, vegconomist.com, 29 November 2018,

Sponsorships

(File:London 2012 Olympic BMW.jpg|thumb|right|BMW sponsor car at the London 2012 Olympics)BMW made a six-year sponsorship deal with the United States Olympic Committee in July 2010.WEB, BMW, USOC make 6-year sponsorship deal official,www.teamusa.org/News/2010/July/26/BMW-USOC-make-6-year-sponsorship-deal-official, www.teamusa.org, 7 October 2017, dead,web.archive.org/web/20171007120657/https://www.teamusa.org/News/2010/July/26/BMW-USOC-make-6-year-sponsorship-deal-official, 7 October 2017, WEB, BMW to sponsor America’s Olympic committee,www.autonews.com/article/20100726/OEM/100729924/bmw-to-sponsor-americas-olympic-committee, www.autonews.com, 23 July 2010, 7 October 2017, In golf, BMW has sponsored various events,WEB, BMW Int’l Sponsorship Head Eckhard Wannieck Talks About Company’s Sports Sponsorships,www.sportsbusinessdaily.com/Global/Issues/2013/04/10/Marketing-and-Sponsorship/BMW-QA-Eckhard-Wannieck.aspx, www.sportsbusinessdaily.com, 7 October 2017, dead,www.sportsbusinessdaily.com/Global/Issues/2013/04/10/Marketing-and-Sponsorship/BMW-QA-Eckhard-Wannieck.aspx," title="web.archive.org/web/20171007171358www.sportsbusinessdaily.com/Global/Issues/2013/04/10/Marketing-and-Sponsorship/BMW-QA-Eckhard-Wannieck.aspx,">web.archive.org/web/20171007171358www.sportsbusinessdaily.com/Global/Issues/2013/04/10/Marketing-and-Sponsorship/BMW-QA-Eckhard-Wannieck.aspx, 7 October 2017, including the PGA Championship since 2007,WEB, BMW extends sponsorship of BMW Championship,www.pgatour.com/news/2014/05/27/bmw-extends-title-sponsorship-bmw-championship.html, www.pgatour.com, 7 October 2017, live,web.archive.org/web/20171007170058/https://www.pgatour.com/news/2014/05/27/bmw-extends-title-sponsorship-bmw-championship.html, 7 October 2017, WEB, Sponsors,www.pgatour.com/tournaments/bmw-championship/sponsors.html, www.pgatour.com, 7 October 2017, live,web.archive.org/web/20171007120237/https://www.pgatour.com/tournaments/bmw-championship/sponsors.html, 7 October 2017, the Italian Open from 2009 to 2012, the BMW Masters in China from 2012 to 2015WEB, Who Does What: Automobile Manufacturers,www.sponsorship.com/iegsr/2014/05/12/Who-Does-What--Automobile-Manufacturers.aspx, www.sponsorship.com, 7 October 2017, live,www.sponsorship.com/iegsr/2014/05/12/Who-Does-What--Automobile-Manufacturers.aspx," title="web.archive.org/web/20170916212040www.sponsorship.com/iegsr/2014/05/12/Who-Does-What--Automobile-Manufacturers.aspx,">web.archive.org/web/20170916212040www.sponsorship.com/iegsr/2014/05/12/Who-Does-What--Automobile-Manufacturers.aspx, 16 September 2017, WEB, A Slow And Steady Course: Inside BMW’s Sponsorship Strategy,www.sponsorship.com/IEGSR/2012/11/19/A-Slow-And-Steady-Course--Inside-BMW-s-Sponsorship.aspx, www.sponsorship.com, 7 October 2017, live,www.sponsorship.com/iegsr/2012/11/19/A-Slow-And-Steady-Course--Inside-BMW-s-Sponsorship.aspx," title="web.archive.org/web/20170610083234www.sponsorship.com/iegsr/2012/11/19/A-Slow-And-Steady-Course--Inside-BMW-s-Sponsorship.aspx,">web.archive.org/web/20170610083234www.sponsorship.com/iegsr/2012/11/19/A-Slow-And-Steady-Course--Inside-BMW-s-Sponsorship.aspx, 10 June 2017, and the BMW International Open in Munich since 1989.WEB,www.sportbusiness.com/news/176850/bmw-extends-sponsorship-of-wentworth-pga-event, BMW extends sponsorship of Wentworth PGA event, Sportbusiness.com, 28 July 2011, dead,www.sportbusiness.com/news/176850/bmw-extends-sponsorship-of-wentworth-pga-event," title="web.archive.org/web/20100612010703www.sportbusiness.com/news/176850/bmw-extends-sponsorship-of-wentworth-pga-event,">web.archive.org/web/20100612010703www.sportbusiness.com/news/176850/bmw-extends-sponsorship-of-wentworth-pga-event, 12 June 2010, In rugby, BMW sponsored the South Africa national rugby union team from 2011 to 2015.WEB, BMW named new Springbok sponsor,www.supersport.com/rugby/article.aspx?Id=418826, www.supersport.com, 7 October 2017, live,web.archive.org/web/20171007120234/https://www.supersport.com/rugby/article.aspx?Id=418826, 7 October 2017, WEB,www.wheels24.co.za/News/bmw-sa-drops-the-springboks-20151123, BMW SA drops the Springboks, www.wheels24.co.za, 9 March 2017, live,www.wheels24.co.za/News/bmw-sa-drops-the-springboks-20151123," title="web.archive.org/web/20161222025454www.wheels24.co.za/News/bmw-sa-drops-the-springboks-20151123,">web.archive.org/web/20161222025454www.wheels24.co.za/News/bmw-sa-drops-the-springboks-20151123, 22 December 2016,

Car-sharing services

DriveNow was a joint-venture between BMW and Sixt that operated in Europe from 2011 until 2019. By December 2012,WEB, About DriveNow Car Sharing from BMW & Sixt,www.drive-now.com/de/en/about, www.drive-now.com, en, 27 June 2018,web.archive.org/web/20180627144227/https://www.drive-now.com/de/en/about, 27 June 2018, dead, DriveNow operated over 1,000 vehicles, in five cities and with approximately 60,000 customers.WEB,electricdrive.org/index.php?ht=d/ReleaseDetails/id/33626, BMW Group takes top prize at the 2012 Corporate Entrepreneur Awards for premium car-sharing joint venture DriveNow. Jury impressed by willingness to trial new models of mobility, Electricdrive.org, 30 October 2012, 29 September 2013,electricdrive.org/index.php?ht=d%2FReleaseDetails%2Fid%2F33626," title="web.archive.org/web/20131002050715electricdrive.org/index.php?ht=d%2FReleaseDetails%2Fid%2F33626,">web.archive.org/web/20131002050715electricdrive.org/index.php?ht=d%2FReleaseDetails%2Fid%2F33626, 2 October 2013, dead, In 2012, the BMW-owned subsidiary Alphabet began a corporate car-sharing service in Europe called AlphaCity.WEB,www.bmwgroup.com/en/brands-and-services/alphabet.html, Alphabet Business Mobility solutions, www.bmwgroup.com, en, 22 July 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190517174913/https://www.bmwgroup.com/en/brands-and-services/alphabet.html, 17 May 2019, dead, WEB,www.fleetnews.co.uk/news/2012/4/2/corporate-car-sharing-scheme-claims-to-be-a-first/43077/, Corporate car sharing scheme claims to be a first, www.fleetnews.co.uk, en, 2 April 2012,web.archive.org/web/20190702113228/https://www.fleetnews.co.uk/news/2012/4/2/corporate-car-sharing-scheme-claims-to-be-a-first/43077/, 2 July 2019, dead, The ReachNow car-sharing service was launched in Seattle in April 2016.ReachNow official website. “ReachNow | CarSharing by BMW, BMW i, MINI {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160413121434www.bmwcarsharing.com/ |date=13 April 2016 }}.” 8 May 2016. ReachNow currently operates in Seattle, Portland and Brooklyn.In 2018, BMW announced the launching of a pilot car subscription service for the United States called Access by BMW (its first one for the country), in Nashville, Tennessee. In January 2021, the company said that Access by BMW was “suspended”.WEB,www.theverge.com/2021/1/14/22231451/bmw-access-subscription-shut-down-nashville-cancel, BMW becomes the latest automaker to shut down its subscription service, Hawkins, Andrew J, The Verge, 14 January 2021, 25 April 2021,

Overseas subsidiaries

Production facilities

China

The first BMW production facility in China was opened in 2004, as a result of a joint venture between BMW and Brilliance Auto.“General Overview”, Brilliance Auto. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160119193005www.brillianceauto.com/company/overview.html |date=19 January 2016}}.WEB, BMW opens China factory, 21 May 2004,www.testdriven.co.uk/news.cfm/bmw-opens-china-factory, TestDriven, 11 April 2009,www.testdriven.co.uk/news.cfm/bmw-opens-china-factory," title="web.archive.org/web/20090321202512www.testdriven.co.uk/news.cfm/bmw-opens-china-factory,">web.archive.org/web/20090321202512www.testdriven.co.uk/news.cfm/bmw-opens-china-factory, 21 March 2009, live, The plant was opened in the Shenyang industrial area and produces 3 Series and 5 Series models for the Chinese market.WEB, live,www.brillianceauto.com/brands/bmw.html, Brands and Products – BMW Vehicles & SAVs,www.brillianceauto.com/brands/bmw.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20110708093746www.brillianceauto.com/brands/bmw.html,">web.archive.org/web/20110708093746www.brillianceauto.com/brands/bmw.html, 8 July 2011, Brilliance Auto, Dec 20, 2023, WEB,english.people.com.cn/200405/21/eng20040521_144003.html, BMW launches new plant in Shenyang, 21 May 2004, People’s Daily Online, 11 July 2019, dead,english.people.com.cn/200405/21/eng20040521_144003.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20121016201904english.people.com.cn/200405/21/eng20040521_144003.html,">web.archive.org/web/20121016201904english.people.com.cn/200405/21/eng20040521_144003.html, 16 October 2012, In 2012, a second factory was opened in Shenyang.NEWS, Schmidt, Nico, 24 May 2012, BMW to Boost China Investment, The Wall Street Journal,online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304840904577423561102781568.html, 28 October 2021, 0099-9660, Between January and November 2014, BMW sold 415,200 vehicles in China, through a network of over 440 BMW stores and 100 Mini stores.NEWS, Bloomberg News, BMW to Pay $820 Million to China Car Dealers, Group Says, 5 January 2015,www.bloomberg.com/news/2015-01-05/bmw-to-pay-820-million-to-china-car-dealers-group-says.html, deviated,www.bloomberg.com/news/2015-01-05/bmw-to-pay-820-million-to-china-car-dealers-group-says.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20150107181237www.bloomberg.com/news/2015-01-05/bmw-to-pay-820-million-to-china-car-dealers-group-says.html,">web.archive.org/web/20150107181237www.bloomberg.com/news/2015-01-05/bmw-to-pay-820-million-to-china-car-dealers-group-says.html, 7 January 2015, On 7 October 2021, BMW announced it would begin additional production of the X5 in China.NEWS, 13 December 2021, BMW to add X5 production in China -spokesperson, Reuters,www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/bmw-produce-x5-china-spokesperson-2021-12-13/, 14 December 2021, In February 2022, BMW invested an additional $4.2 billion into the Chinese joint venture, increasing its stake from 50% to 75%, becoming one of the first foreign automakers holding majority stake in China.NEWS,www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/bmw-receives-license-take-75-stake-china-joint-venture-bmw-brilliance-automotive-2022-02-11/, BMW pays $4.2 BLN to take control of Chinese JV, Reuters, 11 February 2022, Waldersee, Victoria, In June 2022, BMW announced a new plant project in Lydia, Shenyang designed for electric vehicles. It will become BMW Group’s largest single project in China, costing 15 billion yuan (2.13 billion euros).WEB,www.electrive.com/2022/06/23/bmw-to-open-a-new-factory-in-shenyang/#:~:text=According%20to%20the%20Munich%2Dbased,paint%20shop%20to%20final%20assembly, BMW to open a new factory in Shenyang, 23 June 2022, The investment amount was raised by a further 10 billion yuan (US$1.4 billion) in November 2022, following German Chancellor Olaf Scholz’s visit to China.WEB,www.scmp.com/business/companies/article/3199580/bmw-confirms-it-will-invest-another-us14-billion-chinese-ev-battery-plant, BMW confirms it will invest another US$1.4 billion in Chinese EV battery plant, 14 November 2022,

Hungary

On 31 July 2018, BMW announced to build a 1 billion euro car factory in Hungary. The plant, to be built near Debrecen, will have a production capacity of 150,000 cars a year.NEWS, BMW to build 1 billion euro car factory in Hungary,www.reuters.com/article/us-bmw-production-factory/bmw-to-build-1-billion-euro-car-factory-in-hungary-idUSKBN1KL12X, Reuters, 31 July 2018, live, 31 July 2018,web.archive.org/web/20180731120013/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-bmw-production-factory/bmw-to-build-1-billion-euro-car-factory-in-hungary-idUSKBN1KL12X,

Mexico

In July 2014, BMW announced it was establishing a plant in Mexico, in the city and state of San Luis Potosi involving an investment of $1 billion. The plant will employ 1,500 people, and produce 150,000 cars annually.NEWS, Joining rivals, BMW to set up $1bn plant in Mexico,www.mexicostar.com/index.php/sid/223478259/scat/4b980140662cfc90/ht/Joining-rivals-BMW-to-set-up-1bn-plant-in-Mexico, 28 June 2014, Mexico Star, dead,www.mexicostar.com/index.php/sid/223478259/scat/4b980140662cfc90/ht/Joining-rivals-BMW-to-set-up-1bn-plant-in-Mexico," title="web.archive.org/web/20140809120810www.mexicostar.com/index.php/sid/223478259/scat/4b980140662cfc90/ht/Joining-rivals-BMW-to-set-up-1bn-plant-in-Mexico,">web.archive.org/web/20140809120810www.mexicostar.com/index.php/sid/223478259/scat/4b980140662cfc90/ht/Joining-rivals-BMW-to-set-up-1bn-plant-in-Mexico, 9 August 2014,

Netherlands

The Mini Convertible, Mini Countryman and BMW X1 are currently produced in the Netherlands at the VDL Nedcar factory in Born.WEB,report.bmwgroup.com/data/pdf/en/BMW-Group-Bericht-2020-EN.pdf,ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://report.bmwgroup.com/data/pdf/en/BMW-Group-Bericht-2020-EN.pdf, 9 October 2022, live, BMW Group Report 2020, March 2021, BMW Group, 93, 23 May 2021, WEB,www.dutchnews.nl/news/2012/10/nedcar_rescue_deal_finalised/, Nedcar rescue deal finalised, 1 October 2012, Dutch News, 23 May 2021, Long-term orders for the Mini Countryman ended in 2020.WEB,www.vdlgroep.com/en/news/vdl-nedcar-no-new-follow-up-order-for-mini-countryman, VDL Nedcar: no new follow-up order for MINI Countryman, 15 October 2020, VDL Groep, 23 May 2021,

South Africa

BMWs have been assembled in South Africa since 1968,WEB, Corporate Information: History, BMW South Africa,www.bmw.co.za/products/automobiles/bmw_insights/history.asp,www.bmw.co.za/products/automobiles/bmw_insights/history.asp," title="web.archive.org/web/20070425185539www.bmw.co.za/products/automobiles/bmw_insights/history.asp,">web.archive.org/web/20070425185539www.bmw.co.za/products/automobiles/bmw_insights/history.asp, dead, 25 April 2007, when Praetor Monteerders’ plant was opened in Rosslyn, near Pretoria. BMW initially bought shares in the company, before fully acquiring it in 1975; in so doing, the company became BMW South Africa, the first wholly owned subsidiary of BMW to be established outside Germany. Unlike United States manufacturers, such as Ford and GM, which divested from the country in the 1980s, BMW retained full ownership of its operations in South Africa.Following the end of apartheid in 1994, and the lowering of import tariffs, BMW South Africa ended local production of the 5 Series and 7 Series, in order to concentrate on production of the 3 Series for the export market. South African–built BMWs are now exported to right hand drive markets including Japan, Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Hong Kong, as well as Sub-Saharan Africa. Since 1997, BMW South Africa has produced vehicles in left-hand drive for export to Taiwan, the United States and Iran, as well as South America.Three unique models that BMW Motorsport created for the South African market were the E23 M745i (1983), which used the M88 engine from the BMW M1, the BMW 333i (1986), which added a six-cylinder 3.2-litre M30 engine to the E30,WEB,www.bmwplant.co.za/Content/frame_content.jsp@content=http-3a-2f-2fhaf0gau02~5.htm, BMW South Africa – Plant Rosslyn, Bmwplant.co.za, 11 April 2009, live,www.bmwplant.co.za/Content/frame_content.jsp@content=http-3a-2f-2fhaf0gau02~5.htm," title="web.archive.org/web/20090327080227www.bmwplant.co.za/Content/frame_content.jsp@content=http-3a-2f-2fhaf0gau02~5.htm,">web.archive.org/web/20090327080227www.bmwplant.co.za/Content/frame_content.jsp@content=http-3a-2f-2fhaf0gau02~5.htm, 27 March 2009, and the E30 BMW 325is (1989) which was powered by an Alpina-derived 2.7-litre engine.The plant code (position 11 in the VIN) for South African built models is “N”.WEB, Manufacturer’s Information Dabase,vpic.nhtsa.dot.gov/mid/home/displayfile/ae84a23f-b450-43ee-a7ea-ed4ce5e1f0b3, NHTSA,

United States

File:BMW Zentrum Spartanburg.jpg|thumb|BMW Zentrum museum in Spartanburg, South Carolina]]BMW cars have been officially sold in the United States since 1956WEB, Isetta 300 model selection, www.realoem.com,www.realoem.com/bmw/en/select?product=P&archive=1&series=ISE&body=Ise1&model=Isetta+300&market=USA, 26 October 2017, dead,www.realoem.com/bmw/en/select?product=P&archive=1&series=ISE&body=Ise1&model=Isetta+300&market=USA," title="web.archive.org/web/20171026164236www.realoem.com/bmw/en/select?product=P&archive=1&series=ISE&body=Ise1&model=Isetta+300&market=USA,">web.archive.org/web/20171026164236www.realoem.com/bmw/en/select?product=P&archive=1&series=ISE&body=Ise1&model=Isetta+300&market=USA, 26 October 2017, and manufactured in the United States since 1994.WEB, Company - History, www.bmwgroup.com,www.bmwgroup.com/en/company/history.html, 26 October 2017,web.archive.org/web/20171026163951/https://www.bmwgroup.com/en/company/history.html, 26 October 2017, live, The first BMW dealership in the United States opened in 1975.WEB, This is how BMW became the top selling luxury car company in the U.S.,fortune.com/2015/05/12/bmw-luxury-sales/, www.fortune.com, 28 October 2017,fortune.com/2015/05/12/bmw-luxury-sales/," title="web.archive.org/web/20171028150210fortune.com/2015/05/12/bmw-luxury-sales/,">web.archive.org/web/20171028150210fortune.com/2015/05/12/bmw-luxury-sales/, 28 October 2017, live, In 2016, BMW was the twelfth highest selling brand in the United States.WEB, Sales by Manufacturer,www.edmunds.com/industry-center/data/sales-by-manufacturer.html, www.edmunds.com, 26 October 2017, live,web.archive.org/web/20171026163829/https://www.edmunds.com/industry-center/data/sales-by-manufacturer.html, 26 October 2017, The manufacturing plant in Greer, South Carolina has the highest production of the BMW plants worldwide,JOURNAL, BMW Plant Spartanburg leads U.S. auto exports, Roundel (magazine), Roundel, April 2015, 30, BMW Car Club of America, 0889-3225, currently producing approximately 1,500 vehicles per day.WEB,www.bmwgroup-plants.com/spartanburg/en/our-plant/site-infos.html, Production, BMW Manufacturing Co., 27 December 2019, The models produced at the Spartanburg plant are the X3, X4, X5, X6, X7 and XM SUV models.In addition to the South Carolina manufacturing facility, BMW’s North American companies include sales, marketing, design, and financial services operations in the United States, Mexico, Canada and Latin America.

Complete knock-down assembly facilities

Brazil

On 9 October 2014, BMW’s new complete knock-down (CKD) assembly plant in Araquari, assembled its first car— an F30 3 Series.WEB, BMW Group assembles first car in Brazil,www.press.bmwgroup.com/global/pressDetail.html?title=bmw-group-assembles-first-car-in-brazil&outputChannelId=6&id=T0194443EN&left_menu_item=node__4088, press.bmwgroup.com, 9 October 2014, 21 December 2014, live, 21 December 2014,web.archive.org/web/20141221200532/https://www.press.bmwgroup.com/global/pressDetail.html?title=bmw-group-assembles-first-car-in-brazil&outputChannelId=6&id=T0194443EN&left_menu_item=node__4088, WEB, BMW Brazil to export X1 SUVs to US,www.just-auto.com/news/bmw-brazil-to-export-x1-suvs-to-us_id169279.aspx, www.just-auto.com, 28 October 2017, dead,web.archive.org/web/20171028144957/https://www.just-auto.com/news/bmw-brazil-to-export-x1-suvs-to-us_id169279.aspx, 28 October 2017, The cars assembled at Araquari are the F20 1 Series, F30 3 Series, F48 X1, F25 X3 and Mini Countryman.WEB, BMW: Global growth,automotivemanufacturingsolutions.com/focus/bmw-globally-german, www.automotivemanufacturingsolutions.com, 28 October 2017, dead,web.archive.org/web/20171028144647/https://automotivemanufacturingsolutions.com/focus/bmw-globally-german, 28 October 2017,

Egypt

Bavarian Auto Group became the importer of the BMW and Mini brands in 2003.Since 2005, the 3 Series, 5 Series, 7 Series, X1 and X3 models sold in Egypt are assembled from complete knock-down components at the BMW plant in 6th of October City.

India

BMW India was established in 2006 as a sales subsidiary with a head office located in Gurugram.A BMW complete knock-down assembly plant was opened in Chennai in 2007, assembling Indian-market 3 Series, 5 Series, 7 Series, X1, X3, X5, Mini Countryman and motorcycle models.WEB, Interone Worldwide GmbH,www.bmw.in/in/en/index_narrowband.html, International BMW website, Bmw.in, 11 December 2006, 11 April 2009, dead,www.bmw.in/in/en/index_narrowband.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20090417153657www.bmw.in/in/en/index_narrowband.html,">web.archive.org/web/20090417153657www.bmw.in/in/en/index_narrowband.html, 17 April 2009, The 20 Million Euro plant aims to produce 1,700 cars per year.

Indonesia

PT. BMW Indonesia was established in 2001 as a subsidiary with a head office located in Central Jakarta. It was managed by PT. Astra International.10 years later in 2011, BMW Group invested more than 100 Billion Indonesian rupiah to expand its production, by establish the complete knock-down (CKD) assembly plant in Gaya Motor’s production facility in Sunter, Jakarta. the plant is currently assembling Indonesian-market 2 Series (gran coupé), 3 Series (sedan), 5 Series (sedan), 7 Series, X1, X3, X5, X7, and Mini Countryman.

Malaysia

BMW’s complete knock-down (CKD) assembly plant in Kedah. Assembled Malaysia-market 1 Series, 3 Series, 5 Series, 7 Series, X1, X3, X4, X5, X6 and Mini Countryman since 2008.WEB, Automotive Manufacturing Solutions, dead,www.automotivemanufacturingsolutions.com/bmw-global-growth/33962.article,web.archive.org/web/20191011130653/https://www.automotivemanufacturingsolutions.com/bmw-global-growth/33962.article, 11 October 2019, 28 October 2017, BMW: Global growth,

Russia

Russian-market 3 Series and 5 Series cars are assembled from complete knock-down components in Kaliningrad beginning in 1999.WEB,newsfromrussia.com/main/2004/03/29/53072.html,newsfromrussia.com/main/2004/03/29/53072.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20090215095144newsfromrussia.com/main/2004/03/29/53072.html,">web.archive.org/web/20090215095144newsfromrussia.com/main/2004/03/29/53072.html, dead, 29 March 2004, Production of new BMW 5 series begins in Kaliningrad, Pravda.Ru, 15 February 2009, In March 2022, BMW withdrew from the Russian market and ceased production within Russia in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.WEB,www.interfax.ru/business/825576, BMW приостанавливает производство и импорт автомобилей в Россию, ru, 1 March 2022, Интерфакс,

Uruguay

In Uruguay, Spanish-born businessman José Arijón founded Convex (later Camur), which assembled BMW cars from 1965 to 1992. Four models were produced: the 1600, 2002, 3 Series and 5 Series, totalling 12,000 units.WEB,motorsports.com.uy/2018/11/los-50-del-2002.html, Los 50 del 2002, Motorsports El País, 8 November 2018, es, WEB,www.elpais.com.uy/informacion/primer-aniversario-de-la-partida-fisica-de-jose-arijon-rama, Primer aniversario de la partida física de José Arijón Rama, El País, 29 April 2019, es,

Vehicle importers

Canada

BMW’s first dealership in Canada, located in Ottawa, was opened in 1969.WEB, The Otto’s Story,www.bmwottos.ca/en/ottos_story.php, www.bmwottos.ca, 28 October 2017,www.bmwottos.ca/en/ottos_story.php," title="web.archive.org/web/20171028093821www.bmwottos.ca/en/ottos_story.php,">web.archive.org/web/20171028093821www.bmwottos.ca/en/ottos_story.php, 28 October 2017, live, In 1986, BMW established a head office in Canada.WEB, In photos: The evolution and history of BMW as it turns 100,beta.theglobeandmail.com/globe-drive/in-photos-100-years-of-bmw/article29032892/, 28 October 2017, www.theglobeandmail.com,web.archive.org/web/20180319230610/https://beta.theglobeandmail.com/globe-drive/in-photos-100-years-of-bmw/article29032892/, 19 March 2018, dead, BMW sold 28,149 vehicles in Canada in 2008.WEB, History of BMW Canada,www.bmwlondon.ca/history-bmw-canada/, www.bmwlondon.ca, 28 October 2017,web.archive.org/web/20171028094453/https://www.bmwlondon.ca/history-bmw-canada/, 28 October 2017, dead,

Japan

BMW Japan Corp, a wholly owned subsidiary, imports and distributes BMW vehicles in Japan.WEB, About BMW Japan Corp,bmwcareer.jp/en/bmwjapan/, www.bmwcareer.jp, 28 October 2017, dead,bmwcareer.jp/en/bmwjapan/," title="web.archive.org/web/20171028093401bmwcareer.jp/en/bmwjapan/,">web.archive.org/web/20171028093401bmwcareer.jp/en/bmwjapan/, 28 October 2017,

Philippines

BMW Philippines, an owned subsidiary of San Miguel Corporation, is the official importer and distributor of BMW in the Philippines.WEB, BMW Philippines,www.bmw.com.ph/en/index.html, 8 March 2020, 4 March 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200304103746/https://www.bmw.com.ph/en/index.html, dead, BMW sold 920 vehicles in the Philippines in 2019.WEB, Philippine auto industry reports 416,637 unit sales in 2019, 3 February 2020,www.autoindustriya.com/auto-industry-news/philippine-auto-industry-sold-416-637-units-in-2019.html, autoindustriya.com, 3 February 2020,

South Korea

BMW Korea imports BMW vehicles in South Korea with more than fifty service centers to fully cater to South Korean customers. Also, BMW Korea has its own driving center in Incheon.WEB, Introduction to BMW Korea,www.bmw.co.kr/ko/discover/corporation/BMW-korea-introduction.html, 12 August 2019,web.archive.org/web/20190811181456/https://www.bmw.co.kr/ko/discover/corporation/BMW-korea-introduction.html, 11 August 2019, dead,

See also

• BMW Group Classic
• List of BMW engines

References

{{Reflist|30em}}

Further reading

• BOOK, Grunert, Manfred, Triebe, Florian, Das Unternehmen BMW seit 1916, The BMW Company since 1916, Heel Verlag, Königswinter, Germany, 2006, 3932169468, de,
• BOOK, Hodges, David, BMW, Suttons Photographic History of Transport series, 2000, Sutton Publishing, Stroud, Gloucestershire, England, 0750921447,
• BOOK, Kiley, David, Driven: Inside BMW, the Most Admired Car Company in the World, John Wiley & Sons, 2004, 978-0-471-26920-5,archive.org/details/driveninsidebmwm00kile_0/mode/2up,
• BOOK, Lewandowski, Jürgen, BMW: Typen und Geschichte, BMW: Types and History, 2006, Delius Klasing, Bielefeld, 3768814203, de, 3rd,
• BOOK, Lewin, Tony, BMW Century, 2022, Motorbooks, Beverly, MA, USA, 9780760373774, 2nd,
• BOOK, Noakes, Andrew, The Ultimate History of BMW: From the innovative 328 sports car and the Isetta bubble car to the 5 Series Gran Turismo, 2010, Parragon Books, Bath, 9781407549781,
• BOOK, Schrader, Halwart, :de:Halwart Schrader, BMW: Passion · Power · Perfektion, BMW: Passion · Power · Perfection, 2011, Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart, 9783613033788, de,
• BOOK, Schrader, Halwart, BMW: Von 1981 bis heute, BMW: From 1981 to today, Typenkompass series, 2016, Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart, 9783613038721, de, 8,
• BOOK, Werner, Constanze, Kriegswirtschaft und Zwangsarbeit bei BMW, War Economy and Forced Labour at BMW, 2006, Oldenbourg, München, 3486577921, de,

External links

{{commons category|BMW}}

• {{Official website}}

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