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{{Short description|English-Irish boy band}}{{Distinguish|One-way (disambiguation){{!}}One-way}}{{For|the Dan + Shay song|One Direction (song)}}{{Pp-semi-indef|small=yes}}{{Good article}}{{Use British English|date=February 2017}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}

factoids

| discography = One Direction discographyIndefinite hiatus}}Syco Music>Columbia}}List of The X Factor finalists (UK series 7)>The X Factor finalists 2010| current_members = * Niall Horan

• Liam Payne
• Harry Styles
• Louis Tomlinson

onedirectionmusic.com}}| past_members = * Zayn Malik}}One Direction, often shortened to 1D, are an English-Irish pop boy band formed in London in 2010. The group is composed of Niall Horan, Liam Payne, Harry Styles, Louis Tomlinson, and previously Zayn Malik until his departure from the group in March 2015. They became one of the best-selling boy groups of all time before going on an indefinite hiatus in 2016.The group signed with Simon Cowell's record label Syco Records after forming and placing third in the seventh series of the British televised singing competition The X Factor in 2010. Propelled to global success by social media,WEB,weblink "One Direction: the fab five take America", Smith, Caspar, The Guardian, 15 March 2012, 27 July 2019, WEB,weblinkweblink 10 January 2022, subscription, live, One Direction make American pop history, The Telegraph, 21 March 2012, 27 July 2019, {{cbignore}}WEB,weblink How One Direction stayed the world's biggest band even after it stopped existing, Tiffany, Kaitlyn, The Verge, 13 December 2016, 27 July 2019, One Direction's five albums, Up All Night (2011), Take Me Home (2012), Midnight Memories (2013), Four (2014), and Made in the A.M. (2015), topped charts in several countries, and generated hit singles including "What Makes You Beautiful", "Live While We're Young", "Best Song Ever", "Story of My Life" and "Drag Me Down". After the release of Four, One Direction became the first band in the US Billboard 200 history to have their first four albums debut at number one.NEWS, Caulfield, Keith, 26 November 2014, One Direction's 'Four' Makes Historic No. 1 Debut on Billboard 200 Chart,weblink 26 November 2014, Their third album, Midnight Memories, was the best-selling album worldwide of 2013.NEWS, 1 August 2014, One Direction top 2013 global album chart, BBC News,weblink 2 August 2014, Considered teen idols, One Direction were often subject to fan hysteria. They embarked on four world tours, two of which were all-stadium. The band's Where We Are Tour, in support of Midnight Memories, was the highest-grossing concert tour in 2014, the highest-grossing tour by a vocal group in history, and the 15th highest-grossing concert tour of all time, grossing $290.2 million.MAGAZINE, Allen, Bob, 10 October 2014, One Direction's Where We Are Tour Attended by 3.4 Million Fans, Billboard,weblink 11 October 2014, The band went on indefinite hiatus in January 2016, allowing all members to pursue other projects.WEB, Simpson, George, 4 May 2017, One Direction REUNION: Niall Horan opens up on WHEN iconic boyband will get back together,weblink NEWS, Melas, Chloe, Niall Horan: One Direction reunion is 'definitely' happening,weblink As of 2020, the band have sold a total of 70 million records worldwide,NEWS, One Direction: Ten years of 1D, but is a reunion on the way?, CBBC Newsround,weblink 25 July 2020, making them one of the best-selling boy bands of all time.NEWS, 9 March 2018, One Direction Band's Louis Tomlinson Arrested In Airport Tussle, Agence France-Presse,weblink 5 March 2017, The band have won nearly 200 awards, including seven Brit Awards, four MTV Video Music Awards, six Billboard Music Awards, seven American Music Awards (including Artist of the Year in 2014 and 2015), and 28 Teen Choice Awards. In 2013, they earned an estimated $75 million, becoming the second highest earning celebrity under 30 according to Forbes.WEB, One Direction,weblink Forbes.com, As the world's best-selling artist of 2013, the group was named the Global Recording Artist of the Year by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry.NEWS, Sherwin, Adam, 30 January 2014, One Direction named top Global Recording Artist in new award, The Independent, London,weblink 30 January 2014, In 2014, Billboard named the band "Artist of the Year".NEWS, Caulfield, Keith, 13 January 2015, Billboard's Artists of the Year: 1981–2014, Billboard, 23 June 2015,weblink "The Year in Pop 2014: One Direction, 'Frozen,' & Pharrell Dominate". Billboard. Retrieved 8 January 2015 Forbes ranked them as the fourth highest-earning celebrities in the world in 2015,NEWS, Greenburg, Zack O'Malley, 29 June 2015, Celebrity 100: The World's Highest-Paid Superstars Of 2015, Forbes,weblink 1 September 2016, and subsequently in second in 2016.WEB, Zack O'Malley Greenburg, Celebrity 100: The World's Highest-Paid Superstars of 2016,weblink 6 April 2017, Forbes,

History

2010–2011: The X Factor

(File:One Direction X Factor Live Glasgow 2 (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|One Direction on The X Factor Live tour in 2011)Niall Horan, Zayn Malik, Liam Payne, Harry Styles, and Louis Tomlinson auditioned as solo candidates for the 2010 series of the British singing competition The X Factor.NEWS, Kristy, Kelly,weblink Nicole Scherzinger: 'I did Simon Cowell a favour with One Direction', Digital Spy, Hearst, UK, 26 July 2011, 26 July 2011, They all failed to progress in the "Boys" category at the bootcamp stage of the competition, but were instead put together to form a five-piece boy band,NEWS, Kate, McMahon,weblink Cheryl Tweedy cancels X Factor Boot Camp and V Festival appearances, Daily Mirror, 12 July 2010, 12 July 2010, thus qualifying for the "Groups" category. American singer Nicole Scherzinger, a guest judge,NEWS, One Direction film claims she founded band, not Simon Cowell,weblink The Independent, London, Daisy, Wyatt,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20131122053550weblink">weblink 22 November 2013, NEWS, Without Nicole Scherzinger there would be no One Direction,weblink NOVA Fm (Australian radio),weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120401001002weblink">weblink 1 April 2012, and long-time judge Simon Cowell both claimed to have come up with the idea of forming the band. In 2013, Cowell said that it "took [him] 10 minutes to put them together as a group".WEB,weblink Simon Cowell talks One Direction formation: 'It was my idea', Harp, Justin, 24 November 2013, Digital Spy, 24 November 2013, In 2022, a never-before-seen video proved that Scherzinger did indeed play the most significant role in forming the band.WEB, 'X Factor' reveals Nicole Scherzinger formed One Direction in 2010: 'They're the cutest boy band ever',weblink GMA News Online, 24 July 2022, 24 July 2022, The video revealed Horan being chosen as the band's first member, followed by Styles, Tomlinson, Payne, and Malik.MAGAZINE,weblink 'The X Factor' Reveals Unseen Footage of One Direction's Formation, Daniel, Kreps, Rolling Stone, 23 July 2022, 30 July 2022, The band got together for two weeks to get to know each other and rehearse.NEWS, Stan, Walker, Short, Stack, Michael, Paynter, Amy, Meredith,weblink One Direction Biography, The Hot Hits Live from LA, 27 April 2012,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120327221234weblink">weblink 27 March 2012, WEB, South Wales Echo,weblink One Direction prepare for Cardiff sell-out shows, Media Wales, 13 January 2012, 6 June 2012,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120126001640weblink">weblink 26 January 2012, Styles came up with the band's name. For their qualifying song at "judges' houses", and their first song as a group, One Direction sang an acoustic version of "Torn".WEB,weblink STV (TV network), STV, Scotland, SCO, UK, The X Factor 2010: the 12 acts who made it to the Live Shows, 3 October 2010, 4 November 2011,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20101124111354weblink">weblink 24 November 2010, Cowell later commented that their performance convinced him that they "were confident, fun, like a gang of friends, and kind of fearless as well."MAGAZINE, Andy, Greene,weblink Exclusive Q&A: Simon Cowell on One Direction's Rise to Stardom, Rolling Stone, 9 April 2012, 11 May 2012, 12 May 2012,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120512143928weblink">weblink Within the first four weeks of the live shows, they were his final act in the competition. The group quickly gained popularity in the UK.One Direction were the last contestant eliminated in the competition and immediately after the final, their song "Forever Young", which would have been released if they had won The X Factor, was leaked onto the internet.NEWS,weblink The X Factor 2010 final results show, The Guardian, 12 December 2012, 15 March 2012, London, Stuart, Heritage, Shortly afterwards it was confirmed that One Direction had been signed by Cowell to a reported £2 million Syco Records record contract.NEWS, Mayer, Nissim,weblink One Direction 'get £2m Syco investment', Digital Spy, Hearst, UK, 28 January 2011, 23 October 2011, Recording for their debut album began in January 2011, as they flew to Los Angeles to work with RedOne, a record producer.NEWS, Ed, Miller,weblink Sony excited about One Direction potential, Music Week, 16 August 2011, 27 July 2012, A book licensed by One Direction, One Direction: Forever Young (Our Official X Factor Story), was published by HarperCollins in February 2011,WEB, Alex, Fletcher,weblink One Direction release autobiography, Digital Spy, Hearst, UK, 17 February 2011, 14 January 2012, subsequently topping The Sunday Times Best Seller list.NEWS,weblink One Direction book number one on Sunday Times bestsetller list, Sugar (magazine), Sugarscape, 5 April 2011, 27 July 2012, The same month, the boy band and other contestants from the series participated in the X Factor Live Tour. During the tour, the group performed for 500,000 people throughout the UK.WEB,weblink Tickets for One Direction at HMV Apollo Hammersmith, London, now available from hmvtickets.com, HMV, 11 May 2012,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120121204017weblink">weblink 21 January 2012, After the tour concluded in April 2011, the group continued working on their debut album. Recording took place in Stockholm, London and Los Angeles, as One Direction worked with producers Carl Falk, Savan Kotecha, Steve Mac, and Rami Yacoub, among others.WEB,weblink Up All Night – One Direction, AllMusic, 21 November 2011, 21 March 2012, AV MEDIA NOTES, Up All Night, One Direction, 2011, liner notes, Syco Music, Sony Music Entertainment, {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%; margin:1em auto 1em auto; text-align:center;"! colspan="4" style="background:#BFBFBF;"| The X Factor results! style="text-align:centre"|Episode! style="text-align:centre"|Song Choice! style="text-align:centre"|Theme! style="text-align:centre"|Result Auditions|Harry Styles: "Isn't She Lovely" Free Choice (Caught Singing While Driving) Advanced To BootcampZayn Malik: "Let Me Love You (Mario song)>Let Me Love You"Liam Payne: "Cry Me a River (Arthur Hamilton song)>Cry Me a River"| Niall Horan: "So Sick"| Louis Tomlinson: "Hey There Delilah"| Bootcamp (Day 1)| Boys category: "Man in the Mirror"| Sing-Offs| Advanced Bootcamp (Day 2)|Harry: "Stop Crying Your Heart Out" Solo Performances Eliminated Individually; One Direction Formed And Advanced To Judges' Houses|Zayn: Unknown|Liam: "Stop Crying Your Heart Out"|Niall: "Champagne Supernova"|Louis: "Make You Feel My Love"|Judges' HousesTorn (Natalie Imbruglia song)>Torn"|Free Choice|Advanced To The Live Shows| Live Show 1|"Viva la Vida"|Number-One Singles|Safe (4th) - 10.04%| Live Show 2|"My Life Would Suck Without You"|Musical Heroes|Safe (3rd) - 9.84%| Live Show 3Nobody Knows (Pink song)>Nobody Knows"|Guilty Pleasures|Safe (3rd) - 11.08%| Live Show 4| "Total Eclipse of the Heart"|Halloween|Safe (4th) - 11.79%| Live Show 5Kids in America (song)>Kids in America"|American Anthems|Safe (3rd) - 12.13%| Live Show 6| "Something About the Way You Look Tonight"|Songs By Elton John|Safe (3rd) - 14.44%| Live Show 7| "All You Need Is Love"|Songs By The Beatles|Safe (4th) - 12.65%Quarter-Final|"Summer of '69"RockSafe (4th) - 11.90%|"You Are So Beautiful"Semi-Final|"Only Girl (In the World)"|Club ClassicsSafe (3rd) - 17.38%|"Chasing Cars"|Song To Get You Into The FinalFinal|"Your Song"|Free's ChoiceSafe (3rd) - 18.54%She's the One (World Party song)>She's the One" (with Robbie Williams)|Celebrity DuetTorn (Natalie Imbruglia)>Torn"|Free Choice|Eliminated (3rd) - 20.72%

2011–2012: Up All Night

File:One Direction Glasgow 3.jpg|thumb|right|One Direction performing on their Up All Night TourUp All Night TourReleased in September 2011 in the UK and Ireland, One Direction's debut single, "What Makes You Beautiful", was a commercial and international success. It reached number one on the UK Singles Chart after becoming the most pre-ordered Sony Music Entertainment single in history.NEWS, Lewis, Corner,weblink One Direction's 'What Makes You Beautiful' breaks pre-order sales record, Digital Spy, Hearst, UK, 19 August 2011, 19 August 2011, NEWS, Alan, Jones,weblink What Makes You Beautiful becomes fastest seller of the year, Music Week, 19 September 2011, 5 January 2012, 16 January 2012,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120116085928weblink">weblink Subsequent singles, "Gotta Be You" and "One Thing", peaked in the UK Singles Chart top ten.NEWS, Alan, Jones,weblink UK Singles Chart Analysis: Rihanna equals Adele record, Music Week, 21 November 2011, 11 June 2012, NEWS, Alan, Jones,weblink Official Chart Analysis: Emeli Sande album sells 113k, DJ Fresh single shifts 128k, Music Week, 20 February 2012, 17 March 2012, In November 2011, they signed a record deal with Columbia Records in North America.WEB, Lewis, Corner,weblink One Direction sign U.S. record deal with Adele label Columbia, Digital Spy, Hearst, UK, 22 November 2011, 14 January 2012, Steve Barnett, the co-chairman of Columbia Records, said it was not a difficult decision to sign One Direction; "I just thought there was a void, and maybe they could seize and hold it."NEWS, James C Jr, McKinley,weblink The New York Times, One Direction and the Wanted: Boy Bands Return, 23 March 2012, That same month, they released Up All Night, their debut studio album, in the UK and Ireland. Critically commended for its appeal to the teenage audience,MAGAZINE, Adam, Markovitz,weblink review, Up All Night (2012) One Direction, Entertainment Weekly, 20 March 2012, 21 March 2012, 28 March 2012,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120328201403weblink">weblink dead, NEWS,weblink Listen Up: Stay 'Up All Night' with One Direction, USA Today, Gannett Company, Gannett Co, 13 March 2012, 31 March 2012, NEWS, Matthew, Chisling,weblink Up All Night â€“ One Direction, AllMusic, 21 November 2011, 5 January 2012, it became the UK's fastest-selling debut album of 2011.NEWS,weblink One Direction Thank Fans For 'Up All Night' Chart Success, Capital (radio network), Capital FM, Global Radio, 28 November 2011, 14 January 2012, In December 2011, they embarked on their first headlining UK concert tour, the Up All Night Tour.NEWS,weblink One Direction Prepare For 'Up All Night' Tour With Watford Concert, Capital (radio network), Capital FM, Global Radio, 19 December 2011, 27 March 2012,weblink 9 April 2012, Upon One Direction's arrival in the US in February 2012, the group embarked on a radio promotion spree, as well as their first North American concert tour as an opening act for Big Time Rush, opening 16 shows after they had completed the first leg of the Up All Night Tour.NEWS, Mark, Savage,weblink The U.S. love affair with British pop, News, BBC, 21 May 2010, 25 July 2010, MAGAZINE, Stephan, Lee,weblink Exclusive Photo: One Direction and Big Time Rush unite for North American tour!, Entertainment Weekly, 4 February 2012, That month, they announced that an Oceania leg had been added to the tour.NEWS, Lisa, McGarry,weblink One Direction announce 2012 tour dates for Australia and New Zealand, Unreality TV, 24 February 2012, 31 March 2012,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120411004659weblink">weblink 11 April 2012, They made their first US television appearance on The Today Show, at the Rockefeller Center; an estimated 15,000 fans descended on the plaza.MAGAZINE,weblink One Direction & The Wanted: The Billboard Cover Story, Steven J, Horowitz, Billboard (magazine), Billboard, 27 March 2012, 16 April 2012, "What Makes You Beautiful" was officially released in the United States that same month,NEWS, Amanda, Hasaka,weblink One Direction's Debut Single 'What Makes You Beautiful' Now Available on iTunes!, Celebuzz, 14 February 2012, 15 February 2012, where it debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 at number 28, becoming the highest debut for a British act in more than a decade.MAGAZINE,weblink One Direction Has Highest Hot 100 Debut For New UK Act Since 1998, Billboard (magazine), Billboard, 22 February 2012, 13 March 2012, On the US Billboard Hot 100, it reached as high as number four. As of June 2016, it has sold 4.8 million copies in the USMAGAZINE,weblink Ask Billboard: One Direction's Career Sales, Billboard (magazine), Billboard, and over 7 million copes worldwide.NEWS,weblink One Direction hit 12 million sales in less than a year, BBC News, 8 February 2012, Up All Night was released internationally in March, and One Direction became the first UK group to have their debut album reach number one in the US,WEB,weblink One Direction Debut at #1, Make Album Chart History, 21 March 2012, and were inducted into the Guinness World Records as a result.NEWS, Colin, Daniels,weblink Adele, One Direction enter 'Guinness World Records', Digital Spy, Hearst, UK, 7 September 2012, 8 September 2012, After the album's international release, it topped the charts in sixteen countries.NEWS,weblink One Direction to hold global Twitter viewing party for new concert DVD, Music Week, 30 May 2012, 11 June 2012, Up All Night also became the first album by a boy band to sell 500,000 digital copies in the US and, by August 2012, had sold over 3 million copies worldwide.NEWS, Week Ending Oct. 21, 2012. Albums: Aldean's Fast Train To #1,weblink Paul, Grein, Music, Yahoo!, 24 October 2012, 24 October 2012, US, WEB, Dan, Lane,weblink One Direction sell 12 million singles, albums and DVD and Blu-rays worldwide, Official Charts Company, 2 August 2012, 2 August 2012, It was the third global best-selling album of the year, selling 4.5 million copies.WEB,weblinkweblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130409080309weblink">weblink 9 April 2013, Recording Industry in Numbers – The Recorded Music Market In 2012, 9 April 2013, Following the success of the album, a North American leg of the tour was announced later that month.NEWS,weblink One Direction Reveal North American Tour Dates, Idolator (website), Idolator, 21 March 2012, 31 March 2012, The Up All Night Tour, comprising 62 shows, was met with positivity both critically and commercially, with critics praising their singing abilities and stage presence, and with tickets selling out in minutes.WEB,weblink One Direction's Hammersmith Apollo gig, James, Robertson, 11 January 2012, Daily Mirror, 8 April 2012,weblink 9 April 2012, WEB,weblink One Direction show has fans up all night, Ryan, Alexandra, 25 January 2012, Evening Herald, Independent News & Media, 8 April 2012,weblink 9 April 2012, MAGAZINE, Brandle, Lars, One Direction Live: Shriek Show in Australia,weblink Billboard (magazine), Billboard, 19 April 2012, 9 July 2012, NEWS, Cameron, Adams, Siobhan, Duck,weblink One Direction's Melbourne concert sells out in three minutes, Herald Sun, Australia, 2 March 2012, 1 July 2012, NEWS, Bridget, Jones,weblink One Direction's NZ tour sold out, Stuff.co.nz, Stuff, New Zealand, NZ, 2 March 2012, 1 July 2012, NEWS, Emily, Hewett,weblink One Direction tickets: Fans bombard Ticketmaster as eBay touts capitalise, Metro (British newspaper), Metro, 1 October 2011, 1 July 2012, 9 April 2012,weblink NEWS, One Direction to Headline Madison Square Garden December 3, 2012,weblink KAIT, 3 April 2012, 8 April 2012,weblink 9 April 2012, A recording of a concert from the tour, (One Direction: Up All Night – The Live Tour|Up All Night: The Live Tour), was released in May 2012.NEWS, Lewis, Corner,weblink One Direction perform 'Moments' on tour, video, Digital Spy, Hearst, UK, 12 April 2012, 27 April 2012, In addition to the DVD topping the charts in twenty-five countries, its global sales had exceeded 1 million copies by August 2012.NEWS, Rhian, Jones,weblink One Direction live DVD hits No.1 in 25 countries, Music Week, 8 June 2012, 11 June 2012, One Direction's first book to be licensed in America, Dare to Dream: Life as One Direction, published in the US in May 2012, topped The New York Times Best Seller list.NEWS,weblink The New York Times, Best Sellers, 10 June 2012, 24 August 2012, Gregory, Cowles, In June 2012, Nick Gatfield, the chairman and chief executive officer of Sony Music Entertainment UK, stated how he expects One Direction to represent a $100 million business empire over 2013.NEWS, Jocelyn, Vena,weblink One Direction Set To Become Booming $100 Million Business, MTV News, 15 June 2012, 15 June 2012, Gatfield stated, "What you might not know about One Direction is that they already represent a $50 million business and that's a figure we expect to double next year". In August 2012, the group's record sales exceeded 8 million singles, 3 million albums, and 1 million DVDs, and they performed "What Makes You Beautiful" at the 2012 Summer Olympics closing ceremony in London, which represented the handover to Rio de Janeiro as the host of the 2016 Summer Olympics.NEWS, Kia, Makarechi,weblink One Direction & Closing Ceremony: Olympics Get A Dose Of 'What Makes You Beautiful', The Huffington Post, 12 August 2012, 13 August 2012, One Direction were the biggest winners of the 2012 MTV Video Music Awards winning their three nominations on 6 September 2012, including Best New Artist.NEWS, UK, Amelia, Butterfly,weblink One Direction win three MTV Video Music Awards in LA, Newsbeat, BBC, 7 September 2012, 7 September 2012, In April 2012, an American band that went by the same name filed a trademark infringement lawsuit.NEWS, Rhian, Jones,weblink One Direction sued for trademark infringement, Music Week, 11 April 2012, 27 April 2012, According to the lawsuit, the US band had been using the name since 2009, recorded two albums and filed an application to register the trademark name in the US in February 2011. The US band said they were entitled to three times the profits made by the UK band, as well as compensatory damages in excess of US$1 million. The lawsuit claimed that Syco and Sony Music "chose to ignore the plaintiff's rights and wilfully infringed them" after they realised in early 2011 that the two bands shared the same name. Syco Records subsequently counter-sued, suggesting the US group was trying to make money from One Direction's success and that the boy band was the first to use the name in US interstate commerce. The BBC reported in September 2012 that the UK group won the legal dispute over the right to keep using their band name; the US band changed its name to Uncharted Shores. The change of name was announced in a joint statement that also noted both groups were happy with the outcome.WEB,weblink One Direction win fight against U.S. band to keep name, Newsbeat, BBC, 7 September 2012, 8 September 2012,

2012–2013: Take Me Home

File:One Direction at the Logies Awards 2012.jpg|thumb|left|One Direction at red carpet of the Logie Awards of 2012 in MelbourneMelbourneIn September 2012, "Live While We're Young", the lead single from the group's second album, was released, and was a global success. It reached the top ten in almost every country it charted in and recorded the highest one-week opening sales figure for a song by a non-US artist in the US.NEWS, Tina, Hart,weblink One Direction achieve fastest-selling single by a UK act in the U.S., Music Week, 21 October 2012, 11 October 2012, United Kingdom, A second single, "Little Things", resulted in the band's second number one single in the UK.WEB,weblinkweblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20180830142315weblink">weblink 30 August 2018, One Direction score Number 1 single AND album!, OfficialCharts.com, 30 August 2018, In November 2012, One Direction's second studio album, Take Me Home, was released.NEWS,weblink Take Me Home, iTunes Store, Apple Inc., Apple, 16 November 2012, nl, Netherlands, Take Me Home sold 540,000 copies in its first week in the US, debuted atop the Billboard 200, and topped the charts in more than thirty-four other countries.MAGAZINE,weblink One Direction's 'Take Me Home' Debuts at No. 1 With Year's Third-Biggest Opening, Billboard, 20 November 2012, 22 November 2012, US, NEWS, Tina, Hart,weblink Imagem Music signs One Direction hit-writer Fiona Bevan, Music Week, 29 November 2012, 1 December 2012, United Kingdom, Additionally, Up All Night and Take Me Home were the number three and number four best-selling albums of 2012 globally, each album selling over 4.4 million units worldwide.WEB,weblink One Direction, Modest Management, 2 August 2014, 31 March 2019,weblink Upon reaching number one on the Billboard 200, the group became the first boy band in US chart history to record two number-one albums in the same calendar year alongside becoming the first group since 2008 to record two number-one albums in the same year.MAGAZINE,weblink One Direction's 'Take Me Home' Debuts at No. 1 With Year's Third-Biggest Opening, Billboard, One Direction became the first group ever to have their first two albums reach atop the Billboard 200.WEB,weblinkweblink 10 January 2022, subscription, live, One Direction make US chart history with 'Take Me Home', 22 November 2012, Telegraph.co.uk, {{cbignore}} The album and "Little Things" both debuted at number one in the UK simultaneously, making One Direction the youngest act in British chart history to achieve that.NEWS, Alan, Jones,weblink Official Charts Analysis: One Direction youngest ever act to score No. 1 Album and Single simultaneously, Music Week, 19 November 2012, 19 November 2012, UK, Take Me Home was written in groups and has an average of just under five songwriters per track. Savan Kotecha, Rami Yacoub, and Carl Falk, who composed One Direction's hits "What Makes You Beautiful" and "One Thing", spent six months in Stockholm developing songs for the album, and were able to shape melodies around their tones.MAGAZINE, Douglas, Wol,weblink One Direction's songwriters: They're what make the boy band beautiful, Time (magazine), Time, 28 June 2012, 25 August 2012, One Direction began recording the album in May 2012, in Stockholm at Kinglet Studios.AV MEDIA NOTES, Take Me Home, One Direction, 2012, liner notes, Syco Records, NEWS,weblink One Direction Recording Second Album, MTV News, 11 May 2012, 25 August 2012, 3 December 2013,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20131203015211weblink">weblink WEB,weblink One Direction Enjoy 'Amazing Day' In The Studio Recording New Album, Capital (Global Radio), 12 May 2012, 25 August 2012, The album cover artwork features the group surrounding a traditional British K2 red telephone box, a familiar sight on the streets of the UK.WEB, Wheeler, Rachael,weblink One Direction reveal album artwork for Take Me Home – 3am & Mirror Online, Daily Mirror, 30 August 2012, 2 August 2014, Take Me Home garnered generally favorable reviews from music critics. There was praise for its quality of production although it was criticised for its generic, rushed nature.NEWS, Matt, Collar,weblink Take Me Home (CD – Sony Music Distribution #88725475972), AllMusic, 11 November 2012, NEWS, Al, Fox,weblink review, One Direction – Take Me Home, BBC Music, 12 November 2012, 16 November 2012, MAGAZINE, review, Adam, Markovitz,weblink Take Me Home – One Direction, Entertainment Weekly, 11 November 2012, 16 November 2012, 22 January 2013,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130122152339weblink">weblink dead, One Direction performed "Little Things" at the 2012 Royal Variety Performance in the presence of Queen Elizabeth II, and headlined a sold-out show at New York City's Madison Square Garden on 3 December 2012.NEWS,weblinkweblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20121121192154weblink">weblink 21 November 2012, Royal Variety Performance 2012: One Direction and Girls Aloud sing for The Queen, The Daily Telegraph, 20 November 2012, 24 November 2012, London, MAGAZINE,weblink One Direction Headlines Sold-Out Show at Madison Square Garden, 4 December 2012, 5 December 2012, Billboard, Andrew, Hampp, In February 2013, One Direction released a cover version of "One Way or Another" and "Teenage Kicks", "One Way or Another (Teenage Kicks)", as the 2013 Comic Relief single.NEWS,weblink 'We are the most selfish people ever': One Direction reflect on 'life changing' charity trip to Africa 'slums', 15 January 2013, 16 February 2013, Metro, James, Robertson, The charity single reached number one in the UK and Ireland alongside various other countries while peaking at 13 in the US. As part of their involvement with the UK charity, One Direction travelled to Ghana to volunteer at a children's hospital, visit a school and make donations.Following the release of Take Me Home, One Direction embarked on their second concert tour and first all-arena tour in February 2013, the Take Me Home Tour.NEWS, Jocelyn, Vena,weblink One Direction Announce U.S. Dates on 2013 World Tour, News, MTV, 12 April 2012, 20 April 2012, WEB, Thomas, Carly, 2024-03-29, Big Time Rush's Carlos PenaVega Says It Was "Really Hard" Having One Direction Open Their Tour,weblink 2024-03-29, The Hollywood Reporter, en-US, The concert tour consisted of 123 shows in Europe, North America, Asia, and Oceania. Ticket sales reached 300,000 within a day of release in the UK and Ireland, which included a six-date sell-out at the O2 Arena in London.NEWS,weblink One Direction Fans in Ticket-Buying Frenzy, MTV, 26 February 2012, 20 April 2012, 28 May 2012,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120528103319weblink">weblink In the Australian and New Zealand markets, tickets grossed US$15.7 million, with all 190,000 tickets being sold for the eighteen shows to be held.NEWS, Brittany, Stack,weblink How One Direction cashed in on their hugely successful Australian tour, The Daily Telegraph (Sydney), The Daily Telegraph, AU, 29 April 2012, 11 June 2012, The tour received critical acclaim from music critics who praised the band's live vocals and their performance abilities and was a commercial success, selling 1,635,000 tickets from 134 shows.WEB,weblink One Direction | Welcome to the One Direction website!, Onedirectionmusic.com, 2 August 2014, 9 September 2014,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20140909032007weblink">weblink In total, the tour grossed $114 million. The Official Charts Company revealed that One Direction had sold 2,425,000 records in the UK by February 2013.WEB,weblink The BRIT Awards 2013: The biggest selling nominees revealed, Official Charts Company, Dan, Lane, 20 February 2013, 21 February 2013,

2013–2014: Midnight Memories and This Is Us

File:One Direction 2, 2013.jpg|thumb|right|One Direction in Glasgow on their Take Me Home Tour in February 2013]]"Best Song Ever", the lead single of the group's then-upcoming third studio album Midnight Memories, was released on 22 July 2013. The song{{citation|last=Brandie|first=Lars|date=26 June 2013|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/1568160/one-direction-tease-best-song-ever-release-new-movie-trailer|title=One Direction Tease 'Best Song Ever'; Release New Movie Trailer | newspaper = Billboard}}WEB, One Direction Announce New Single 'Best Song Ever', UK,weblink MTV, 1 July 2013, 11 November 2013,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20131111094436weblink">weblink is their highest-charting single in the US to date, reaching number two.MAGAZINE,weblink One Direction Chart History, Billboard, 19 July 2019, It broke the 24-Hour Vevo Record with 10.9 million views on YouTube (this was the second time the band held the record with "Live While We're Young" attaining 8.2 million views on 20 September 2012).MAGAZINE, One Direction's 'Best Song Ever' Breaks One-Day Vevo Record,weblink Billboard (magazine), Billboard, 23 July 2013, WEB, One Direction beat Justin Bieber VEVO record with new music video,weblink Digital Spy, 27 September 2012, (One Direction: This Is Us), a 3D documentary and concert film about the group directed by Morgan Spurlock and produced by Spurlock, Ben Winston, Adam Milano and Simon Cowell, was released by TriStar Pictures on 30 August 2013.MAGAZINE,weblink One Direction 3D Film Gets 'Super' Director, Marc, Schneider, Billboard, 13 November 2012, 15 November 2012, New York, The film was a box office success, topping the UK and US box offices and grossing over $60 million worldwide, and became the fourth highest-grossing concert movie.WEB,weblink Music Concert Movies at the Box Office, Box Office Mojo, 8 January 2014, 2 August 2014, On 16 May 2013, the band announced their first all-stadium tour, the Where We Are Tour. Tickets for the tour sold out in minutes and more shows were added due to "overwhelming demand".WEB,weblink One Direction adds show to Chicago stop on tour, 4 December 2013, On 23 November 2013, in support of Midnight Memories, the band participated in "1D Day",WEB,weblink Welcome to 1D Day – 1D Day – One Direction, 1dday.com, 25 November 2013,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20131213102853weblink">weblink 13 December 2013, 19 January 2014, WEB,weblink One Direction '1D Day' Live Stream – watch – Showbiz News, Digital Spy, 23 November 2013, 19 January 2014, a day dedicated to One Direction fans. The day constituted of a landmark 7.5-hour socially interactive YouTube live-stream featuring live band performances, celebrity guests including, Simon Cowell, Cindy Crawford, Piers Morgan, and Jerry Springer. On 28 October 2013, the second single from Midnight Memories, "Story of My Life", was released, charting at number six in the US and at number two in the UK, while charting at number one in countries such as Mexico, Spain, Bulgaria, Denmark, and Ireland.MAGAZINE,weblink One Direction Chart History, Billboard, WEB,weblink Official Singles Chart Top 100 | Official Charts Company, Officialcharts.com, File:One_Direction_at_the_New_Jersey_concert_on_7.2.13_IMG_4238_(9206417991).jpg|thumb|left|The band performing in East RutherfordEast RutherfordMidnight Memories was released globally on 25 November 2013. It debuted at number one in the UK and in the US, making them the first group to debut at number one on the Billboard 200 with its first three albums, and the second to reach the top after The Monkees in 1967.MAGAZINE, Keith, Caulfield, One Direction Scores Historic Third No. 1 Album on Billboard 200 Chart,weblink Billboard, 4 December 2013, 4 December 2013, The album has since been recognized as a turning point in the musical style of the band, with sites quoting it as having a "significant shift in sound" in addition to the solos in songs being more evenly spread out in contrast to their previous two albums. 15 of the album's 18 songs were written by members in the band (Tomlinson being the leader with 12 writing credits) compared to only four songs being written by the group on Take Me Home and three on Up All Night.WEB,weblink One Direction's 'Midnight Memories' Represents Significant Shift in Sound, The album was described by the band as edgier and as having a "slightly rockier tone" than their previous efforts.WEB, Percival, Ashley, One Direction Big Announcement: 'Where We Are' Stadium Tour Confirmed For 2014,weblink The Huffington Post, 1 July 2013, 16 May 2013, Despite being released at the year's end, it was the best-selling album worldwide in 2013 with 4 million copies sold globally.NEWS,weblink One Direction top global album chart, BBC News, August 2014, To promote the album, the band performed on both the American and British versions of The X Factor.WEB,weblink One Direction confirmed for The X Factor 2013 live shows, heatworld.com, Lewis, Anna,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20131018011227weblink">weblink 18 October 2013, In December 2013, One Direction broke yet another UK sales record with the DVD and Blu-ray release of This Is Us. Nearly 270,000 copies of the film were sold in the UK within three days of its release, beating the record previously set by (Michael Jackson: This Is It|Michael Jackson's This Is It) in 2010 by 10,000 copies.WEB,weblink One Direction beat Michael Jackson's chart record, Officialcharts.com, 23 December 2013, 19 January 2014, The group was named among the Top Global artists of 2013 by the IFPI because of strong digital downloads, physical albums, on-demand streams, and music videos.NEWS,weblink One Direction named top Global Recording Artist in new award, The Independent, 30 January 2014, 30 January 2014, London, Adam, Sherwin, In 2013, they became the first boy band in history to gross $1 billion.WEB, HuffPost is now a part of Verizon Media,weblink 10 September 2020, Consent.yahoo.com, {{Dead link|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}The band embarked on the Where We Are Tour on 25 April 2014, and it was concluded on 5 October 2014. Playing 69 shows with an average of 49,848 fans per show, the tour grossed over $290 million, becoming the highest-grossing concert tour in 2014 (grossing $87 million more than the second highest-grossing tour, Justin Timberlake's The 20/20 Experience World Tour), the 15th highest-grossing concert tour of all time, and the highest-grossing tour of all time by a vocal group.WEB,weblink One Direction score highest grossing world tour of 2014, NME, 27 March 2015, WEB,weblink These Were The 10 Highest-Grossing Tours Of 2014, Hugh, McIntyre, Forbes.com, 19 July 2019, The tour was attended by 3.4 million fans.MAGAZINE,weblink One Direction's Where We Are Tour Attended by 3.4 Million Fans, Billboard, 19 July 2019, In August of that same year, the group released their third book, One Direction: Where We Are: Our Band, Our Story: 100% Official.

2014–2015: Four

File:OnedirectionWWATchile.jpg|thumb|right|One Direction on stage in Santiago, Chile on 14 April 2014 during their Where We Are Tour ]]On 21 July 2014, One Direction announced (One Direction: Where We Are - The Concert Film), a film which documents the concerts of 28 and 29 June 2014 that took place in San Siro Stadium during their Where We Are Tour. After the announcement, the band announced the film would also have a limited 10–11 October 2014 international cinema release before its home media release in November 2014.WEB,weblink Where We Are: Live From San Siro Stadium [DVD]: Amazon.co.uk: One Direction: DVD & Blu-ray, Amazon UK, 25 July 2014, The group also released an autobiography book titled Who We Are on 25 September 2014.WEB,weblink Attention, Directioners: 1D Is Releasing an Autobiography! Here's the Scoop on Your New Favorite Book, Teen Vogue, 29 July 2014, 13 September 2014, On 8 September 2014, One Direction announced their fourth studio album to be titled Four, set to be released on 17 November 2014.MAGAZINE, Locker, Melissa, One Direction Announces New Album Four, Out November 17,weblink 8 September 2014, Time (magazine), Time, Time Inc., 8 September 2014, NEWS, Kennedy, Gerrick D., One Direction to release new album 'Four' on Nov. 17,weblink 8 September 2014, Tribune Publishing, Los Angeles Times, 8 September 2014, MAGAZINE, Lynch, Joe, One Direction Reveal New Album 'Four,' Release Free Song (for 24 Hours Only),weblink 8 September 2014, Billboard (magazine), Billboard, Prometheus Global Media, 8 September 2014, As part of the announcement, one of the songs from the album, "Fireproof" was released for free download for 24 hours on their official website. "Steal My Girl", the album's lead single, was released on 29 September 2014,MAGAZINE,weblink One Direction Announces 'Four' Album Lead Single 'Steal My Girl,' Due Late September – Billboard, 14 September 2014, Billboard, 26 October 2014, receiving critical acclaim for its classic rock sound.WEB,weblink One Direction channels Journey, gets dad-friendly with 'Steal My Girl', EW.com, The second single from the album, "Night Changes", was released on 14 November, three days before the album's release. It also achieve platinum status, selling over one million units in the United States.WEB,weblink Gold & Platinum, RIAA, Four was released on 17 November 2014, topping the Billboard 200 and the UK Album Chart.MAGAZINE,weblinkweblink" title="archive.today/20141130081143weblink">weblink 30 November 2014, One Direction's 'Four' Makes Historic No. 1 Debut on Billboard 200 Chart, Keith, Caulfield, Billboard, 26 November 2014, 28 November 2014, WEB,weblink Four scores One Direction a third Official Albums Chart Number 1, OfficialCharts.com, In total, in debuted at number one in 18 countries, selling 3.2 million copies.WEB,weblink Fourth Anniversary of One Direction's Album, Four â€“ LTHQ Official | Louis Tomlinson | We Made It, LTHQ Official, 21 July 2019, 18 July 2019,weblink It became the top charted album on iTunes in 67 countries.WEB,weblink 10 Fans Freaking Out About One Direction's New Album, Free Song, Brian Anthony, Hernandez, Mashable, 8 September 2014, One Direction became the only group in the 58-year history of the Billboard 200 albums chart to have their first four albums debut at number one.NEWS, Caufield, Keith, One Direction's 'Four' Makes Historic No. 1 Debut on Billboard 200 Chart,weblink Billboard.com, 20 October 2015, In February 2015, the group embarked on their fourth world tour and second all-stadium tour, the On the Road Again Tour,NEWS,weblink One Direction announces 2015 U.S. stadium tour as part of 'On The Road Again' tour, Kirthana, Ramisetti, New York Daily News, 10 April 2020, grossing $208 million, making it the second highest-grossing tour of 2015.MAGAZINE,weblink Billboard Touring Awards: One Direction, Ed Sheeran & The Grateful Dead Big Winners, 20 November 2015, Billboard, 10 April 2020,

2015–2017: Malik's departure, Made in the A.M. and hiatus

On 25 March 2015, the band released a statement announcing Malik's departure. In the official statement, Malik stated "I'd like to apologise to the fans if I've let anyone down, but I have to do what feels right in my heart" and that "I am leaving because I want to be a normal 22-year-old who is able to relax and have some private time out of the spotlight. I know I have four friends for life in Louis, Liam, Harry and Niall. I know they will continue to be the best band in the world."WEB,weblink One Direction: Zayn Malik Confirms Departure From Band, Inveterate, 25 March 2015, 23 March 2015, Abbey, Lewis,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20150329001801weblink">weblink 29 March 2015, NEWS, Zayn Malik officially quits One Direction,weblink Fox News Channel, 25 March 2015, 25 March 2015,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20150325193633weblink">weblink 25 March 2015, MAGAZINE, Lynch, Joe, Zayn Malik Explains One Direction Exit: 'I Have To Do What Feels Right in My Heart',weblink 25 March 2015, Billboard (magazine), Billboard, Prometheus Global Media, 25 March 2015, United States, Malik denied rumours of any rift between the members and stated "my band has been really supportive".WEB, Richard Smirke,weblink Zayn Malik Breaks Silence After Exiting One Direction – Billboard, Billboard.com, 30 August 2022, In later interviews, Malik stated that he left the group due to being unhappy with the group's musical direction and his inability to "put any input in".WEB, Rania Aniftos,weblink Every Time Zayn Has Referenced One Direction Since Leaving the Band – Billboard, Billboard.com, 30 August 2022, The group made their first official public appearance as a four-piece on The Late Late Show with James Corden on 14 May, where they confirmed that they would continue working without a new fifth member.WEB,weblink One Direction Discusses Zayn Malik's Departure with James Corden: We Were a Little Bit Angry, 15 May 2015, The On the Road Again tour concluded on 31 October 2015 after playing eighty shows in stadiums across Australia, Asia, Africa, Europe, and North America. Grossing $208 million, over 2.3 million tickets were sold.WEB,weblink The Highest-Grossing Tours Of 2015, Hugh, McIntyre, Forbes, File:Chicago IMG 9077 (21423367939).jpg|thumb|right|The group performing as a four piece after Zayn Malik's departure from the group at Soldier FieldSoldier FieldOn 31 July 2015, the group released "Drag Me Down" without promotional material or announcement. Despite this, it still topped the charts in multiple countries, including France and Australia, making the song their first single to reach number one in those respective countries. It also reached number one in multiple other countries, including Ireland and the UK, while charting third in the United States. The single was the first single from their fifth studio album, Made in the A.M., and the first material released by the group after Malik's departure.MAGAZINE, One Direction Shares First Track Without Zayn Malik, 'Drag Me Down',weblink Billboard (magazine), Billboard, 31 July 2015, 31 July 2015, On 22 September, Made in the A.M. was officially announced along with promotional single "Infinity" being released."Made in the A.M: One Direction announce new album title and single 'Infinity'". The Independent. Retrieved 25 October 2015 The group began to reveal the track listing on their Snapchat stories to which it was later confirmed on iTunes."One Direction's 'Made in the A.M.' Tracklist Revealed Via Snapchat". E!. Retrieved 25 October 2015 In October, another single, "Perfect", was released. It reached the Billboard top ten, making it the group's second consecutive (after "Drag Me Down") and fifth overall top ten hit, breaking The Beatles' record for the most top ten Hot 100 debuts among bands.MAGAZINE,weblink One Direction Beats Beatles' Record With Fifth Top 10 Debut on Hot 100, Billboard, In August 2015, it was revealed that the group would be going on hiatus in 2016 to work on individual projects but that "they will remain together and plan to work together in the future".MAGAZINE,weblink One Direction Makes Final 'X Factor' Appearance Before Hiatus, Thanks Fans in New Video, Billboard, 13 December 2015, 13 December 2015, WEB,weblink One Direction Taking Extended Hiatus to Focus on Individual Projects—Are They Breaking up for Good?, 23 August 2015, Styles stated in a 2017 interview that he was the first member of the group to bring up the idea of the hiatus in late 2014, saying he "didn't want to exhaust our fanbase" and that all members later eventually agreed.WEB, Cameron Crowe,weblink Harry Styles Opens Up About Famous Flings, Honest New LP, Rolling Stone, 18 April 2017, 1 August 2022, Tomlinson later stated in a 2020 interview that he was "fuming" and not ready when the idea was brought up and that "even though I don't fully understand everyone's individual reasons, I respect them".WEB,weblink Louis Tomlinson Was 'Fuming' Harry Styles, Niall Horan and Liam Payne Wanted To... - Capital, Capitalfm.com, 20 January 2020, 1 August 2022, File:One Direction 2015.jpg|left|thumb|One Direction in Glasgow on their On the Road Again TourOn the Road Again TourMade in the A.M. was released on 13 November 2015,"One Direction & Justin Bieber Album Release Showdown Set for November 13?". Billboard. Retrieved 25 October 2015 topping the charts in the UK amongst other countries, while reaching number two in the U.S. It was the sixth-best selling album of 2015. At the 2015 American Music Awards on 22 November, One Direction won the award for Artist of the Year for the second year in succession.MAGAZINE, American Music Awards 2015: Check Out All the Winners Here,weblink Billboard (magazine), Billboard, 24 November 2015, On 13 December, One Direction performed on The X Factor final. Their last televised performance as a group, before their hiatus, was on Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve on 31 December 2015.WEB, One Direction Returns to Headline 'Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve' Billboard Party,weblink TheWrap, 24 November 2015, 18 November 2015, On 13 January 2016, Us Weekly published a report claiming that the group's hiatus would become a permanent split, with unnamed sources citing that each of the four remaining group members did not renew their contracts following the completion of the On the Road Again Tour in October 2015.NEWS, Blynn, Jamie, One Direction Is Splitting, Extended Hiatus to Become a Permanent Break,weblink 13 January 2016, Us Weekly, Jann Wenner, Wenner Media Limited liability company, LLC, 13 January 2016, United States, Representatives for the group denied the report in a statement to Billboard, stating, "nothing has changed regarding hiatus plans for the group, and all will be revealed in due time from the band members' own mouths."MAGAZINE, Strecker, Eric, One Direction Breakup Rumors: 'Nothing Has Changed' Since Hiatus, Says Source,weblink 13 January 2016, Billboard (magazine), Billboard, Prometheus Global Media, 13 January 2016, United States, WEB, Hegarty, Tasha, One Direction deny their 'hiatus' is a permanent split,weblink Digital Spy, 13 January 2016, United Kingdom, 13 January 2016, At the 2017 Brit Awards on 22 February, One Direction won the Video of the Year award for their song "History". Payne, the only member in attendance, accepted the award on behalf of the band.WEB,weblink ALL FOUR ONE DIRECTION MEMBERS RESPOND TO THEIR NEW BRIT AWARD, MTV News, 22 February 2017, Madeline, Roth, By May 2017, all members of the group had released solo singles.MAGAZINE,weblink Every One Direction Solo Single, Ranked, Billboard, 25 May 2017, Andrew, Unterberger, Since then, all band members have pursued other projects and released at least one solo album. In February 2018, it was reported that the group had folded its touring company after applying for removal within the Companies House registry in October 2017.WEB,weblink There's a new sign One Direction might be over, 14 February 2018, Bbc.com, WEB,weblink One Direction fold touring company, Nz.news.yahoo.com, 13 February 2018,

Artistry

{{Listen| filename = What Makes You Beautiful.ogg| title = "What Makes You Beautiful"What Makes You Beautiful", features a prominent guitar-based chorus and guitar riff>riff.ROBERT > LAST = COPSEYTITLE= ONE DIRECTION: 'WHAT MAKES YOU BEAUTIFUL WORK= DIGITAL SPY PLACE = UK ACCESS-DATE=25 JULY 2012, It also contains cowbell (instrument) instrumentation, and the middle eight consists of an "oh na na na" hook.HTTPS://WWW.NME.COM/BLOG/INDEX.PHP?BLOG=148&TITLE=ONE_DIRECTION_WHAT_MAKES_YOU_BEAUTIFUL_R&MORE=1&C=1&TB=1&PB=1 TYPE = REVIEW FIRST= AILBHE DATE= 8 OCTOBER 2011 List of best-selling singles>best-selling singles of all time, selling over 5 million copies.HTTP://WWW.BBC.CO.UK/NEWSBEAT/19093915 >TITLE=ONE DIRECTION HIT 12 MILLION SALES IN LESS THAN A YEARPUBLISHER=BBC NEWS, 2 August 2012, | pos = right}}One Direction's debut studio album, Up All Night (2011), is predominantly a pop music record, containing elements of teen pop, dance-pop, pop rock, with electropop and rock influences.MAGAZINE,weblink One Direction – Up All Night, Rolling Stone, Jody Rosen, Jody, Rosen, 28 March 2012, 16 April 2012, 21 June 2018,weblink WEB, Jon, O'Brien,weblink One Direction, AllMusic, 30 June 2012, NEWS, Matthew, Chisling,weblink Up All Night â€“ One Direction, AllMusic, 21 November 2011, 5 January 2012, MAGAZINE, Jason, Lipshutz,weblink One Direction, 'Up All Night': Track-By-Track Review, New York, Billboard (magazine), Billboard, 7 March 2012, 16 April 2012, Digital Spy's Robert Copsey described the album as a "collection of PG pop rock with killer choruses",WEB, Robert, Copsey,weblink One Direction: 'Up All Night', album review, Digital Spy, Hearst, UK, 22 November 2011, 28 November 2011, while The New York Times considered it "full of easy rock-inflected pop, blithe and sometimes clever".NEWS, Jon, Caramanica,weblink The New York Times, One Direction, the Boy Band, Plays the Beacon Theater, 27 May 2012, 16 June 2012, Jason Lipshutz of Billboard acknowledged that the album demonstrates an originality in sound that was "necessary for the revitalization of the boy band movement". The songs "One Thing" and "What Makes You Beautiful" were particularly noted for the genres of power pop and pop rock, for their "powerhouse" guitar riffs and "forceful" choruses.WEB, Zachary, Houle,weblink One Direction: Up All Night, PopMatters, 16 March 2012, 31 March 2012, WEB, Lewis, Corner,weblink One Direction: 'One Thing' – Single review, Digital Spy, Hearst, UK, 2 February 2012, 25 July 2012, Their second studio album, Take Me Home (2012), is characterised by rock-inherited pop, prominent electric guitar riffs, bright synthesisers, a homogeneous sound and message, and the pitch-correcting software Auto-Tune.NEWS, Jon, Caramanica,weblink The New York Times, Riding the Boy Band Wave While It Lasts, 14 November 2012, 30 November 2012, NEWS,weblink One Direction: Take Me Home, review, The Guardian, Alexis Petridis, Alexis, Petridis, 8 November 2012, 9 November 2012, London, NEWS,weblink album review, One Direction – Take Me Home, The New Zealand Herald, APN News & Media, 15 November 2012, 16 November 2012, Lyndia, Jenkin, MAGAZINE, Douglas, Wol,weblink One Direction's songwriters: They're what make the boy band beautiful, Time (magazine), Time, 28 June 2012, 25 August 2012, NEWS, Matt, Collar,weblink Take Me Home (CD – Sony Music Distribution #88725475972), AllMusic, 11 November 2012, 16 November 2012, Alexis Petridis of The Guardian interpreted its signature sound as a "peppy, synth-bolstered take on early-80s new-wave pop, heavy on clipped rhythms and chugging guitars", which, he said, is at least an improvement on the substitute contemporary R&B "that was once the grim lot of the boyband". Jon Caramanica, writing in The New York Times, considered the album "far more mechanical" than their debut album, although noted that it is sonically and lyrically similar. The album's lyricism speaks of falling in love, unrequited love, the insistence that flaws are what make a person unique, commitment, jealousy and longing for past significant others.NEWS,weblink One Direction lyrics: 'Take Me Home' pushes boundaries, targets older audience, 15 November 2012, 16 March 2013, The Huffington Post, Madeline, Boardman, Erica Futterman for Rolling Stone favoured their live acoustic performances as both showing "Horan's ability to play guitar, as well as One Direction's admirable live vocals. There was no need to worry about a backing track or a bum note, a pleasant realization at a pop show."MAGAZINE, Erica, Futterman,weblink One Direction Make a Play For Longevity on First American Headlining Tour, Rolling Stone, 27 May 2012, 11 May 2012, 29 May 2012,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120529214932weblink">weblink Herald Sun{{'}}s Cameron Adams opined that One Direction have "strong pop voices".NEWS, Cameron, Adams,weblink One Direction infection sweeps Melbourne, Herald Sun, Australia, 18 April 2012, 11 May 2012, Melody Lau of the National Post wrote, "It's easy to get lost in inherent appeal of their perfectly coiffed dos and almost-too-put-together preppy style but somewhere in the midst of all the love-struck squeals of teenage girls are guys who can actually sing and, to a certain extent, entertain."NEWS, Melody, Lau,weblink Concert Review: One Direction are mostly killer with some filler, National Post, Canada, Postmedia Network, 1 June 2012, 11 June 2012,weblink" title="archive.today/20120709183651weblink">weblink 9 July 2012, Jane Stevenson of the portal site Canoe concurred: "What I didn't really prepare myself for was that they all can actually sing in concert."NEWS, Jane, Stevenson,weblink Concert Review: Live Review: One Direction in TO, Canoe.ca, Jam! Canoe, Québecor Média, 30 May 2012, 11 June 2012, usurped,weblink" title="archive.today/20120710002923weblink">weblink 10 July 2012, Chris Richards, writing in The Washington Post, dissented from the approval: "As the five traded couplets, it was tough to imagine a future Justin Timberlake, Ricky Martin or Bobby Brown emerging from the pack. No one voice stood out."NEWS, Chris, Richards,weblink The Washington Post, One Direction whips Patriot Center into a G-rated frenzy, 25 May 2012, 9 July 2012, Mike Wass of Idolator felt One Direction's "surprisingly accomplished effort" of Kings of Leon's "Use Somebody" proved that One Direction are "more than capable" of evolving their sound.NEWS, Mike, Wass,weblink One Direction Live in Sydney: Concert Review, Idolator (website), Idolator, 13 April 2012, 9 July 2012, Their third album Midnight Memories (2013) is a pop rock record, a slight departure from the band's original teen pop sound. Liam Payne called Midnight Memories a "slightly rockier and edgier" album than their previous material. The album is heavily influenced by 80's rockWEB, Spang, Rachel, One Direction Embraces New Sound with "Midnight Memories",weblink 11 August 2020, The Rebellion, and folk music and briefly integrates elements of dubstep, notably in "Little White Lies". The album's lyrical themes primarily revolve around love, heartbreak and sexual intercourse. Many critics praised its lyrical depth and musical composition, as well as the group's level of involvement in the production process.NEWS,weblink The Hollywood Reporter, Kyle, Jaeger, One Direction's 'Midnight Memories': What the Critics Are Saying, 26 November 2013, Their fourth album Four (2014) was released on 17 November 2014. Payne once again claimed that the album would be "edgier" and that the group had written most of the songs for it; Horan came up with the name of the album, commemorating the fact that it is One Direction's fourth record to date and that it has been four years since the band's formation. Signifying a further maturation of their pop sound, the album's first single, "Steal My Girl", was dubbed by Billboard as "no What Makes You Beautiful, but its Coldplay-like piano pop could be a good direction",MAGAZINE,weblink Album Review: One Direction's 'Four', Billboard, Chuck, Arnold, 17 November 2014, and that the band was "not entirely ready to let go of its bubble-gum days". Rolling Stone described the record as "saturated with retro vibes"; its songs "split the difference between big, splashy Eighties pop rock and more elegant Seventies flavours – a very pesky whipper-snapper move that's not so far from what Haim's hit 'Days Are Gone' did last year".MAGAZINE,weblink One Direction extend their winning streak, with echoes of the 1970s and 1980s, Rolling Stone, Jon, Dolan, 18 November 2014, 7 September 2017, 17 September 2017,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20170917193519weblink">weblink

Band members

Current members

• Niall Horan (2010–2016)
• Liam Payne (2010–2016)
• Harry Styles (2010–2016)
• Louis Tomlinson (2010–2016)

Former members

• Zayn Malik (2010–2015)

Timeline{{#tag:timeline|ImageSize = width:1000 height:auto barincrement:25PlotArea = left:110 bottom:55 top:05 right:10Alignbars = justifyDateFormat = dd/mm/yyyyPeriod = from:23/07/2010 till:02/02/2016TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal format:yyyyLegend = orientation:horizontal position:bottomScaleMajor = increment:3 start:2011ScaleMinor = increment:1 start:2011Colors = LineData = BarData = PlotData= }}

Other ventures

Endorsements

In 2011, One Direction became the face of Pokémon Black and White, starring in a series of television adverts.WEB,weblink One Direction become Pokemon face, Purchese, Robert, Eurogamer, 6 April 2011, 6 April 2011, They were the first installments in the fifth generation of the Pokémon series of role-playing games.WEB,weblink ja:『ポケットモンスターブラック・ホワイト』, ja, Nintendo, 7 April 2010,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20100921183532weblink">weblink 21 September 2010, They also launched Nokia C3 and Nokia C2-02 phones. To promote the launch Nokia made a series of photos of the band members using the phones to take photos of themselves.NEWS,weblinkweblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20110925201946weblink">weblink 25 September 2011, Nokia enlists One Direction to launch phones, Martin, Chris, The Inquirer, 20 September 2011, In 2012, they teamed up with Colgate to launch their own One Direction Colgate MaxFresh Power Toothbrush, the One Direction Colgate Maxfresh Manual Toothbrush, and the One Direction Colgate MaxFresh Toothpaste.WEB,weblink One Direction Colgate Range: Boyband Launch Their Own Toothbrushes And Toothpaste, Bagwell, Matt, Huffpost, 10 November 2012, 10 November 2012, The band was signed by Pepsi in a multimillion-dollar advertising deal in 2012.NEWS,weblink One Direction land multi-million dollar Pepsi advertising deal, metrowebukmetro, Metro UK, 5 September 2012, Social media marketing included a tie up with Shazam, whereby consumers that used the digital music app in conjunction with the ad both on TV and online were able to view exclusive content and link back to iTunes to buy One Direction's single, "Live While We're Young".NEWS,weblink Pepsi pits One Direction against NFL star in Live For Now push, Smith, Loulla, Campaign, 11 October 2012, Mini figures based on members of the group were launched for the band's US fans after the agreement was signed by American firm Hasbro.NEWS,weblink Toy firm Hasbro to create One Direction toys, Express And Star, 28 April 2012, NEWS,weblink Hasbro First-Quarter Revenue Helped by One Direction, Marvel Products, Szalai, Georg, Hollywood Reporter, 22 April 2013, In October 2012, the band also signed up to endorse Filipino clothing brand, Penshoppe.NEWS,weblink One Direction to endorse Filipino clothing brand, Conception, Pocholo, Philippines Daily Inquirer, 7 October 2012, File:1D World, Albion Street, Leeds (30th March 2013) 001.JPG|thumb|right|A One Direction merchandising shop in LeedsLeedsIn 2013, One Direction announced pop-up shops around the world, including Brisbane, Toronto, Chicago, New York, Tokyo and Stockholm, selling exclusive merchandise.NEWS,weblink One Direction to launch 1D World store in Leeds for three weeks, Eames, Tom, Digital Spy, 12 March 2013, Nabisco became the title sponsor of One Direction's North American tour.NEWS,weblink NABISCO SPONSORSHIP SATISFIES ONE DIRECTION'S FAN CONNECTION, Boucher, Rachel, Event Marketer, 20 June 2013, The band became the new faces of Toyota VIOS, releasing behind-the-scenes look at their commercial for the vehicle.NEWS,weblink one direction toyota vios commercial behind the scenes, Sager, Jessica, Pop Crush, 20 October 2013, One Direction's debut fragrance, Our Moment, launched at Harrods in London and on their website in 2013.NEWS,weblinkweblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20220122022029weblink">weblink 22 January 2022, Waiting For One Direction, Niven, Lisa, Vogue, 21 August 2013, The full length advert for the fragrance was released on 24 August 2013, featuring the song "My Favourite Things".WEB,weblink One Direction's Our Moment fragrance ad, Diana Vickers sings - video, 26 August 2013, Digital Spy, Sam, Rigby, 26 August 2013, WEB,weblink One Direction's Liam Payne says perfume was inspired by fan petition, Press Party, 7 June 2013, The perfume was the best-selling famous fragrance of Christmas 2013.WEB,weblink One Direction's Our Moment beating Taylor Swift, Lady Gaga, Britney Spears and basically everyone in the fragrance war, Sugarscape, 6 December 2013, Lucy, Wood, WEB,weblink One Direction perfume beats Lady Gaga, Britney Spears and Taylor Swift fragrances, Irish Mirror, 5 December 2013, Rebecca, Pocklington, 5 December 2013, In 2014, the band released their second scent That Moment.NEWS,weblink One Direction To Release New Fragrance 'That Moment', Confirms Harry Styles, Nelson, Sarah, huffpost, 27 February 2014, The fragrance was released with a matching shower gel and body lotion.NEWS,weblink Check Out 1D's Pics for Their New Perfume!, Mcgrath, Kara, Seventeen, 21 March 2014, They released a commercial for their third fragrance, "You & I", named after their 2014 song of the same name.MAGAZINE,weblink One Direction Debut Commercial Behind New Perfume 'You & I', Strecker, Erin, Billboard, 5 August 2014, In 2015, One Direction appeared in an advert for the Toyota Vios, which aired in Thailand.NEWS,weblink One Direction star in Toyota ad – watch, NME, 17 March 2015, Coca-Cola Mexico launched the session and full interview with One Direction, with a series of commercials in which Tomlinson, Payne, Styles and Horan showed us what it means to be a True Friend.NEWS,weblink Directioners: Coca-Cola Finally Launch Their Session In The Studio With One Direction, Rodriguez, Karla, J-14, 22 May 2015, {{Dead link|date=April 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} One Direction revealed their fourth fragrance 'Between Us' at The Sanderson in London, England on 24 June.NEWS,weblink One Direction Launches Fourth Fragrance 'Between Us, Zayas, Dory, Hollywood life, 24 June 2015, The band appeared in a Honda Civic ad which shows the quartet testing out the car's stereo, style and trunk space with a humorous tone and the tagline "It's all One Direction approved." The ad is set to the 1D single "Drag Me Down". The group's 2015 U.S. tour was also supported by Honda.MAGAZINE,weblink Watch One Direction Put New Honda Civic to the Test in TV Commercial, Stutz, Colin, Billboard, 12 November 2015,

Philanthropy

In 2011, the band performed on the BBC's Children in Need 2011 charity telethon. In 2012, they extended their involvement with Children in Need as they opened the telecast with a performance of their single "Live While We're Young". A prominent annual event in British television, the group said it was "incredible" to be involved in Children in Need as it was something that they had "always watched as children".NEWS,weblink BBC News, One Direction: 'Incredible to open Children In Need', 16 November 2012, In February 2013, One Direction released "One Way or Another (Teenage Kicks)" (a medley of "One Way or Another" and "Teenage Kicks") as the 2013 single for the UK's other major charity telethon Comic Relief. For ITV's Santa charity Christmas campaign, they filmed a set of pleas to their fans and the general public, asking them to donate £2.WEB,weblink One Direction join ITVБ─≥s Text Santa charity campaign, Sugarscape, 2 August 2014, The band have made numerous other appearances for charitable causes, including the 2011 Pride of Britain Awards where they presented 13-year-old quadruple amputee Danielle Bailey the Child of Courage award at her school assembly, and the 2014 Royal Variety Performance where they played in front of Prince William and Catherine at the London Palladium."One Direction surprise Pride of Britain winner Danielle Bailey at school assembly". Mirror. Retrieved 26 August 2015weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20141114161509weblink">"Duke and Duchess of Cambridge meet One Direction at Royal Variety Performance". The Telegraph. Retrieved 26 August 2015In September 2012, Niall Horan organised an event to raise money for Irish Autism Action and another charity, called Temporary Emergency Accommodation Mullingar, based in his hometown. Due to overwhelming demand to participate in the fundraising, the ticket website for the event broke down. Horan's brother Greg commented on the website crash, saying that "there were 500 tickets and they were all snapped up pretty quick".WEB,weblink Niall Horan breaks charity website, Sugarscape, 2 August 2014, In 2013, band members Liam Payne and Harry Styles partnered with Trekstock, a leading cancer charity to help raise money for cancer research.WEB,weblink Patrons & Ambassadors, Trekstock, 29 November 2014,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20141030012714weblink">weblink 30 October 2014, As ambassadors of the charity, the duo collaborated to offer the chance for one fan and a friend to win an evening out with them in return for a donation to the charity as part of an exclusive "#HangwithLiam&Harry" global campaign. They had originally set a goal of raising $500,000 and ended up raising $784,984. Trekstock later added that this amount would allow them to "complete funding of their Hodgkin's lymphoma trial, in the hope of offering a much brighter future to thousands of children and young people affected by this form of disease". One Direction were named the most charitable in 2013 behind Taylor Swift by social change organisation DoSomething.org.MAGAZINE,weblink Taylor Swift, One Direction Top List of Most Charitable Stars, Billboard, 26 December 2013, 19 January 2014, On 30 May 2013, the band announced a partnership with Office Depot on a limited-edition capsule collection of back to school supplies. They also confirmed that a portion of the proceeds from the alliance would go toward an anti-bullying educational program intended to promote kinder behaviour in schools."One Direction Boys Launch Anti-Bullying Campaign with Office Depot". E!. Retrieved 13 September 2015In 2014, One Direction donated £600,000 for the Stand up to Cancer campaign by giving portions of their ticket sales revenues from their Where We Are Tour.WEB,weblink Cosmopolitan, the women's magazine for fashion, beauty, sex tips and celebrity news, Cosmopolitan, On 15 November 2014, One Direction joined the charity group Band Aid 30 along with other British and Irish pop acts, recording the latest version of the track "Do They Know It's Christmas?" at Sarm West Studios in Notting Hill, London, to raise money for the 2014 Ebola crisis in Western Africa.NEWS, Band Aid 30: One Direction among celebrity line-up, The Daily Telegraph, 11 November 2014,weblinkweblink 10 January 2022, subscription, live, 11 January 2015, London, Anita, Singh, {{cbignore}}In 2015, One Direction launched 'Action 1D' campaign to raise awareness of global issues. The initiative aims to end extreme poverty, tackle inequality and slow down climate change with the help of their millions of fans. It is part of the wider action/2015 campaign, a global citizen's movement that is all about the idea that 2015 can be the year when the world can set the agenda to end major global issues. One Direction will be asking their fans to describe the kind of world they want to live in by sharing powerful pieces of creative content, including videos and photos, using the hashtag #Action1D.NEWS,weblink one direction launch action 1d campaign to raise awareness of global issues, MTV, 8 July 2015, The quartet also starred in a campaign video, appealing to fans to join the movement.NEWS,weblink One Direction Launch Action/1D Campaign To End Poverty, Inequality And Global Warming, Percival, Ashley, Huffington Post UK, 7 August 2015,

Image

File:One Direction 2012 Stockholm.jpg|thumb|right|One Direction greet Swedish fans in StockholmStockholmDuring the mid-2010s, One Direction were dubbed as teen idols,WEB, One Direction on Life as the New Teen Idols,weblink 10 September 2020, ABC News, and were often subject to fan hysteria.WEB, One Direction cause fan hysteria,weblink Long, Natalie, 14 March 2012, 10 September 2020, Gulf News, WEB, Bourne, Dianne, 8 March 2011, Hysteria at HMV: Boyband One Direction mobbed by screaming girls on Market Street,weblink 10 September 2020, Manchester Evening News, MAGAZINE, 12 November 2012, One Direction Fans Camp Out in New York,weblink 10 September 2020, Rolling Stone, Neil McCormick of The Daily Telegraph, in an article on One Direction's success in North America, notes that Americans had left a gap in the market and it took the prominence of Justin Bieber to demonstrate that there still was a market for "clean cut, wholesome, whiter-than-white, middle class parent friendly pop: cute boys advocating puppy love. And what could be better than one cute boy, if not five?"NEWS, Neil, McCormick,weblinkweblink 10 January 2022, subscription, live, The Wanted & One Direction: why British boybands are conquering America, The Daily Telegraph, London, 28 February 2012, 17 March 2012, {{cbignore}} Bill Werde, a representative of Billboard magazine, commented, "There's a lot of possibility here, there's a lot of upside, that level of talent with those kinds of looks, it's really a perfect storm for a massive, massive successful phenomenon."NEWS, Caspar Llewellyn, Smith,weblink One Direction: the fab five take America, The Guardian, London, 15 March 2012, 31 March 2012, In NPR, Maria Sherman noticed that before One Direction's breakthrough, boy bands were "off the radar" since NSYNC went on an indefinite hiatus in 2002.NEWS,weblink The Future According To NSYNC: 20 Years Of 'No Strings Attached', NPR, Horan commented on One Direction as a boy band, "People think that a boy band is air-grabs and [being] dressed in all one colour. We're boys in a band. We're trying to do something different from what people would think is the typical kind of boy band. We're trying to do different kinds of music and we're just trying to be ourselves, not squeaky clean."NEWS, Leah, Collins,weblinkweblink" title="wayback.archive-it.org/all/20120313001910weblink">weblink 13 March 2012, One Direction: X Factor boy band on what sets them apart, National Post, Canada, Postmedia Network, 12 March 2012, 17 March 2012, Leah Collins, writing for the National Post, remarked they had succeeded on the latter front. "For the most part, that just means the group presents themselves as typical, goofy and uncensored teenage boys â€“ posting jokey YouTube videos, for instance, or boozing at awards shows." Writing for The Observer, Kitty Empire opined, "One Direction fulfill a great many boy band prerequisites (looks, soppy lyrics, tune-grasp, fame-lust) but their lack of routines points to the subtle digressions afoot here".NEWS, Kitty Empire, Kitty, Empire,weblink One Direction, review, 7 January 2012, The Observer, 8 April 2012,weblink 9 April 2012, London, Each member's individual identity is reinforced by their intentionally different personal styles. Caroline Watson, the band's original stylist, spoke about styling the band, "At the beginning I didn't want them all in black or all in leather â€“ that whole stereotypical boy band thing." Instead, her original idea was for them to be the "male equivalent to the Spice Girls", with each member being a part of the group but still having his own individual style.NEWS, Brodie, Lancaster,weblink Behind the Boy Band: Q&A with Caroline Watson, One Direction's Stylist, Jezebel, 2 March 2015, 9 March 2017,

Legacy

File:One Direction figures at Madame Tussauds London (33783672342).jpg|thumb|Waxwork of One Direction at Madame TussaudsMadame Tussauds

Significance

One Direction have been described as sparking a resurgence in the interest in boy bands as well as forming part of a new "British Invasion" (along with acts like Adele) in the United States.NEWS, Kerry, O'Shea,weblink One Direction, British/Irish boy band about to explode in America says Simon Cowell, IrishCentral, 12 March 2012, 31 March 2012, NEWS, Lyndsey, Parker,weblink The British Are Coming! One Direction Set To Conquer America, Yahoo! News, News, Yahoo!, 12 March 2012, 31 March 2012, NEWS, Jocelyn, Vena,weblink The Wanted Vs. One Direction: A Boy Band Cheat Sheet, MTV News, 14 March 2012, 31 March 2012, NEWS, Brian, Mansfield,weblink Meet UK boy band One Direction, USA Today, Gannett Company, Gannett Co, 9 March 2012, 31 March 2012, 31 March 2012,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120331034458weblink">weblink MAGAZINE, Andy, Greene,weblink The New British Invasion: Boy Bands, Rolling Stone, 8 May 2012, 11 June 2012, WEB, 8 February 2013, Adele and One Direction boost 'British invasion' of US album sales {{!, NME|url=https://www.nme.com/news/music/adele-219-1254386|access-date=10 September 2020|website=NME Music News, Reviews, Videos, Galleries, Tickets and Blogs {{!}} NME.COM}} Many media outlets noted that One Direction was the first boyband to rise to and eventually surpass a level of popularity comparable to NSYNC, Backstreet Boys, and New Kids on the Block before their respective hiatuses and breakups.WEB, Jesse Lawrence,weblink 15 Years Later: Could One Direction Mirror *NSYNC History?, Forbes.com, 1 August 2022, NEWS,weblink One Direction and the Wanted: Boy Bands Return - The New York Times, The New York Times, 24 March 2012, 1 August 2022, HuffPost wrote that "One Direction's level of fame surpassed anything that modern audiences had seen" and that "fans and non-fans alike widely agree that such intense levels of fandom hadn't been seen since The Beatles in the 1960s".WEB,weblink One Direction Fans On Ten Years Of Fandom And The Legacy Of The Boyband That Changed Everything | HuffPost UK Entertainment, Huffingtonpost.co.uk, 23 July 2020, 1 August 2022, NPR described the group as "one of the biggest boy bands the world had ever seen"WEB,weblink One Direction's Big Bang, Maria, Sherman, 23 July 2020, 7 November 2021, Npr.org, and the group has been described as "the world's biggest boy band" as recently as 2020, four years since their hiatus.WEB,weblink 10 Years of One Direction: The Story of the World's Biggest Boy Band, Told With the Fans Who Made It Happen, Billboard.com, 16 July 2020, 7 November 2021, Rolling Stone named "What Makes You Beautiful" the sixth greatest boy band song of all time.WEB,weblink 75 Greatest Boy Band Songs of All Time, Rollingstone.com, 24 July 2020, 7 November 2021, Billboard named Four the best boy band album of the last thirty years, calling it "the absolute standard-bearer for the last decade of pop".WEB,weblink The 30 Best Boy Band Albums of the Past 30 Years: Staff Picks, Copied to clipboardClick to, copy, Billboard.com, 14 July 2020, 7 November 2021, One Direction's music was considered pop that was rooted in guitar rock which was rare during their active years, with Rolling Stone calling the group "one of the great rock bands of the 21st century."WEB,weblink 'Better Than Words': How One Direction Became One of the Great Rock Bands of the 21st Century, Jon, Blistein, Rollingstone.com, 22 July 2020, 7 November 2021, One Direction was widely considered the biggest boy band in the world with band "barreling into international success" and falling into "seemingly effortless superstardom".WEB, Jason Lipshutz,weblink The Wanted, One Direction & Why The Boy Band War Was Over Before It Began | Billboard – Billboard, Billboard.com, 3 September 2019, 1 August 2022, Their main "competitor", in terms of boy bands, was The Wanted, who formed in 2009 (one year prior to One Direction), with many expecting a "rivalry" between the two groups similar to the one between NSYNC and the Backstreet Boys. However, in a 2014 story by Billboard, they wrote "the boy band war was over before it even began" and that "the boy band war was not a war at all; it had been a one-sided stomping". The Wanted went on indefinite hiatus in 2014, and they cited One Direction's global success as part of the reason, saying "One Direction are a phenomenon that no one else can compete with" and "For The Wanted to try and compete against one of the biggest bands in the world ... it's almost impossible".WEB,weblink Wanted star: 'Competing with 1D impossible', Digitalspy.com, 23 July 2014, 1 August 2022, WEB, Clark, Sandra,weblink Max George On The Wanted Breaking Up — One Direction Rivalry Caused Split – Hollywood Life, Hollywoodlife.com, 28 January 2014, 1 August 2022, One Direction's rise to fame has been called "meteoric" with the group becoming the first British band to ever have their debut album top the US charts. Forbes noted that their "meteoric rise has surpassed any other boy band in history, NSYNC included". During their continued rise in the United States in 2012, the mania surrounding the group was dubbed "One Direction Infection".WEB,weblink One Direction infection comes to Seattle, 15 April 2012, MyNorthwest.com, 7 November 2021, That same year, "1D World" stores were opened around the United States as the group worked on their second studio album to meet the high demand for the band and "to give fans the ultimate One Direction experience".WEB,weblink One Direction To Open First UK 1D World Store In Leeds For Three Weeks, Capitalfm.com, 7 November 2021, Part of the group's rise to popularity was their "atypical construct" in the sense that they don't dance, rarely wear matching outfits, and are heavily tattooed, all three which were rare in boybands of the past.NEWS,weblink Breaking down One Direction from A-Z, Adam, Graham, The Detroit News, 7 November 2021, The Huffington Post added that they "didn't just sing cheesy ballads" and instead "embraced their differences". Slate noted that One Direction portrayed more of a "joking" and "fun" manner in their songs, music videos, and individual personas when compared to boy bands of the past.WEB, Amanda Hess,weblink From Backstreet Boys to One Direction: Boy bands have changed, Slate.com, 1 January 1970, 1 August 2022, They were credited with breaking "the boy band mold".WEB,weblink One Direction Broke Hearts, Records, and The Boy Band Mold Forever — And They're Not Done Yet, Decider.com, 23 July 2020, 7 November 2021, Despite their differences in that regard, the group still used an approach pioneered by The Beatles in which each member was applied a persona; Horan as "the cute Irish one", Malik as "the quiet and mysterious one", Payne as "the sensible one", Styles as "the charming flirt" and Tomlinson as "the funny one".MAGAZINE, Stephanie, Abrahams,weblink Can One Direction Save the Boy Band?, Time, 6 April 2012, 27 April 2012, TMRW Magazine wrote in a 2020 story that the group "helped defy traits typically associated with toxic masculinity" and that "their friendship set them apart, made them more real".One Direction are also widely considered to have been one of the first groups and celebrities to have been propelled to global recognition by social media. Sonny Takhar, the chief executive officer of Syco Records, attributes the breakthrough to the power of social media, saying "sometimes you feel the song's the star, but it's not like that here â€“ it's the act," he said. "It's a real moment. Social media has become the new radio, it's never broken an act globally like this before." Will Bloomfield, the group's manager, added, "These guys live online, and so do their fans." Their management employs a social media team and the members all tweet themselves, "which helps create the illusion that they couldn't be any closer to their fans", according to Caspar Llewellyn Smith, writing for The Guardian. Sunil Singhvi, Twitter head of entertainment in the UK, stated that "the fans' ability, via Twitter, to tell Europeans about One Direction really catapulted them there, then from Europe to America, and now it's a global phenomenon."NEWS,weblink One Direction - what makes them a 'global success'? - CBBC Newsround, 7 November 2021, Bbc.co.uk, Savan Kotecha, who wrote multiple songs for the band, said in an interview with Rolling Stone that "they instinctively had this - [...] they just knew how to speak to their fans. And they did that by being themselves. That was a unique thing about these boys: When the cameras turned on, they didn't change who they were".WEB, Jon Blistein,weblink How One Direction Became One of the Best Rock Bands of the Century, Rolling Stone, 22 July 2020, 1 August 2022, Their rise in success has been greatly credited to social media, which allowed fans to not only spread the word about the group, but get live updates from concerts and interviews as well as about the band's whereabouts daily.WEB,weblink The Impact of One Direction, Ten Years Later, 23 July 2020, Tmrwmagazine.com, 7 November 2021, One Direction, in their active years, were extremely present on social media and interacted with fans daily, giving them "an army of online fans".NEWS,weblinkweblink 24 May 2022, subscription, live, How One Direction became the world's first internet boyband, 23 July 2020, The Independent, 7 November 2021, The Detroit News named them "the first megastar boyband of the Social Media Era."In 2017, ABC premiered the television series Boy Band which aims to find male vocalists to become a member of a new five-piece boy band. Many media outlets suspected the show's premise and inspiration was to find "the next One Direction".MAGAZINE,weblink Inside the Race to Find the Next One Direction, Entertainment Weekly, WEB, Kate Stanhope,weblink ABC Orders 'Boy Band' Singing Competition to Series – The Hollywood Reporter, Hollywoodreporter.com, 30 March 2017, 1 August 2022, WEB,weblink ABC Trying to Find "Next" One Direction by Launching "Boy Band" Competition Show, Yahoo.com, 31 March 2017, 1 August 2022,

Fandom

One Direction's fans dubbed themselves as "Directioners" and were considered one of the largest fandoms on the internet.WEB, Romano, Aja, 18 April 2016, Larry Stylinson, the One Direction conspiracy theory that rules the internet, explained,weblink 11 June 2022, Vox, Huffington Post noted the fandom as "making news for forming unprecedented mobs outside hotels, at airports and outside concert venues. For years, the boys would discreetly exit buildings to remain safe". The Independent wrote that "the legacy of One Direction isn't anything to do with the 1D boys or Simon Cowell, but the extraordinary power of teenage girls" while calling them "sole engineers of the band's unbelievable success" and "alchemists".NEWS,weblink The legacy of One Direction isn't anything to do with the 1D boys or Simon Cowell, but the extraordinary power of teenage girls, The Independent, 1 August 2022, A 2022 article by Fast Company writes that "One Direction fangirls made the internet a better place" and that "we should thank Harry Styles-obsessed fandoms for shaping our social interactions online".WEB,weblink How One Direction fangirls made the internet a better place, Fastcompany.com, 15 June 2022, 1 August 2022, In a 2020 story in honor of the band's 10-year anniversary, Billboard wrote that their "groundbreaking success" was "all made possible by the group's fervent international fanbase, characterized by its rabid devotion and accelerated by the rise of social media and music streaming, ultimately rivaling the fandom of any other boy band in history".WEB, Larisha Paul,weblink Ten Years of One Direction: Fans Tell the Story – Billboard, Billboard.com, 1 August 2022, After Malik left the band in March 2015, fan reactions went viral on social media, with Bustle titling an article "Zayn leaves, fans lose it".WEB,weblink Zayn Malik Leaves One Direction & Fans React in a Predictably Epic Way, 25 March 2015, Specifically, candlelight vigils held in memory of Malik went viral, with sites like Rolling Stone writing stories over fan reactions.WEB,weblink 5 Most Insane Reactions to Zayn Malik Quitting One Direction, Rolling Stone, 25 March 2015, 1 August 2022, In 2022, Kaitlyn Tiffany released a book titled Everything I Need I Get From You: How Fangirls Created the Internet as We Know It, focusing on the cultural impact and online community created by Directioners.NEWS,weblink Review: 'Everything I Need I Get From You,' by Kaitlyn Tiffany - The New York Times, The New York Times, 8 June 2022, 1 August 2022, Hess, Amanda,

Tenth anniversary event

On 22 July 2020, One Direction posted on their Twitter, Instagram and YouTube accounts an image with the words "10 Years of One Direction" and the caption "Tomorrow! You and me got a whole lot of history #10YearsOf1D" in anticipation of their tenth anniversary the following day. The Instagram post received 7.5 million likes. The tweet received 1.8 million likes and the hashtag "10YearsofOneDirection" trended on Twitter.NEWS, Garafano, Lauren, Here's Everything One Direction Has Posted So Far In Honor Of The Band's 10th Anniversary, BuzzFeed,weblink 16 September 2021, One Direction launched a new anniversary website, however, the site crashed shortly after its announcement due to the high volume of fans entering at once.WEB, One Direction fans crash anniversary website before it even launches,weblink 16 September 2021, Capital, NEWS, Mercuri, Monica, Here Is The Social Media Impact Of One Direction's 10-Year Anniversary, Forbes,weblink 16 September 2021, Members Payne, Horan, Tomlinson and Styles also posted on their individual social media pages, thanking their fans and all five initial members for their support. Styles' tweet reached one million likes in just over an hour, making it the fastest tweet ever to reach one million likes.WEB, Kerr, Suzy, Harry Styles' Celebration Of One Direction's 10th Anniversary Breaks The Internet,weblink 7 November 2021, Celebrityinsider.org, 23 July 2020, One Direction premiered a retrospective video in celebration of their anniversary.WEB, One Direction - 10 Years of One Direction - YouTube,weblinkweblink 28 October 2021, 23 July 2020, Youtube.com, {{cbignore}} Select remastered 4K versions of their past music videos and concert recordings were released between 23 and 28 July.WEB, One Direction on Instagram: "Watch the remastered "What Makes You Beautiful" video in 4K ultra HD on @youtube now and see what else is to come 👀... #10YearsOf1D",weblink subscription,weblink 23 December 2021, 23 July 2020, Instagram.com, {{cbignore}}MAGAZINE, Spanos, Brittany, Brittany Spanos, 23 July 2020, One Direction Celebrate 10th Anniversary With Nostalgic Video,weblink Rolling Stone, 16 September 2021,

Discography

• Up All Night (2011)
• Take Me Home (2012)
• Midnight Memories (2013)
• Four (2014)
• Made in the A.M. (2015)

Filmography{| class"wikitable"

! Year! Title! Role! Notes! {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}}|2010The X Factor (British TV series)>The X FactorThemselvesThe X Factor (British series 7)>Series 7|2011|One Direction: A Year in the Making|ITV2 DocumentaryURL=HTTPS://WWW.IRISHTIMES.COM/CULTURE/MUSIC/ROCK-POP/THE-WAY-THEY-WERE-ONE-DIRECTION-ON-THE-WAY-UP-1.448411 THE IRISH TIMES >ACCESS-DATE=15 OCTOBER 2022, 20 January 2012, 2012|iCarly|Episode: "iGo One Direction"|(Up All Night: The Live Tour)|Video album| 2012–14|Saturday Night LiveSaturday Night Live (season 37)>S37 E18, Saturday Night Live (season 39), Saturday Night Live (season 40)>S40 E10| 2013| (One Direction: This Is Us)Documentary film>Documentary concert film2014| (One Direction: Where We Are – The Concert Film)| Concert film|One Direction: The TV Special|NBC specialWEBSITE=NBC, 1 November 2022, |2015|One Direction: The London Session|Apple Music seriesWEBSITE=TEEN VOGUE ACCESS-DATE=1 NOVEMBER 2022,

Tours

{{Col-begin}}{{Col-2}}Headlining

• Up All Night Tour (2011–12)
• Take Me Home Tour (2013)
• Where We Are Tour (2014)
• On the Road Again Tour (2015)

{{Col-2}}Opening act

• X Factor Tour 2011 (2011)NEWS,weblink One Direction: A look back at five years of 1D madness - CBBC Newsround, BBC,
• Better with U Tour {{small|(Big Time Rush)}} (2012)WEB,weblink One Direction, Big Time Rush Talk Joint Tour, MTV, 10 February 2012, 9 July 2014,

{{Col-end}}

Awards and honours

As of 2020, One Direction have sold a total of 70 million records worldwide, making them one of the best-selling boy bands of all time. In 2013, they earned an estimated $75 million, becoming the second highest earning celebrity under 30 according to Forbes. Forbes ranked them as the fourth highest-earning celebrities in the world in 2015, and second in 2016.The band has received seven Brit Awards,MAGAZINE,weblink One Direction Beats Out Zayn Malik for Video of the Year at 2017 Brit Awards, Weatherby, Taylor, 22 February 2017, Billboard (magazine), Billboard, 24 August 2018, seven American Music Awards,WEB,weblink Winners Database, American Music Awards, 24 August 2018, six Billboard Music Awards,WEB,weblink Winners Database, Billboard Music Awards, 24 August 2018, five Billboard Touring Awards, and four MTV Video Music Awards,WEB,weblink One Direction: Eight Million Votes Prove The Boys Own 'Song Of The Summer', Vena, Jocelyn, 25 August 2013, MTV News, 24 August 2018, among other awards. One Direction holds the record as the most awarded act at the Teen Choice Awards with 28 wins from 31 nominations.WEB, Dresdale, Andrea, It's One Direction vs. One Direction at tonight's Teen Choice Awards,weblink ABC News, 25 August 2018, 13 August 2017, Being the world's best-selling artist of 2013, the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) named them the Global Recording Artist of the Year. In 2014, Billboard named the band "Artist of the Year".

Publications

• One Direction: Forever Young, HarperCollins (17 February 2011) {{ISBN|978-0-00-743230-1}}
• One Direction: The Official Annual 2012, HarperCollins (1 September 2011) {{ISBN|978-0-00-743625-5}}
• Dare to Dream: Life as One Direction, HarperCollins (15 September 2011) {{ISBN|978-0-00-744439-7}}
• One Direction: Where We Are: Our Band, Our Story: 100% Official, HarperCollins (19 November 2013) {{ISBN|978-0-00-748900-8}}
• One Direction: Who We Are: Our Official Autobiography, HarperCollins (25 September 2014) {{ISBN|978-0-00-757731-6}}

Further reading

• BOOK, Tiffany, Kaitlyn, Everything I need I get from you: how fangirls created the Internet as we know it, 2022, 978-0-374-53918-4, New York,weblink 1264273710, Farrar, Straus and Giroux,

See also

• Best-selling boy bands
• List of Billboard Social 50 number-one artists
• List of artists who reached number one on the UK Singles Chart
• List of highest-grossing concert tours

Explanatory notes

{{Notelist}}

References

{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

External links

{{Commons category}}

• {{Official website}}
• {{allMusic}}
• {{IMDb name}}

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