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{{Short description|Federal political party in Canada}}{{About|the federal political party in Canada|other political parties with the same name|New Democratic Party (disambiguation)}}{{Use Canadian English|date=March 2020}}{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2012}}

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| leader = Jagmeet Singh| president = Mary ShortallNEVILLETITLE=DOUGLAS LEADS NEW PARTY, ‘DEMOCRATIC’ TAG IN NAMEACCESS-DATE=AUGUST 22, 2011DATE=AUGUST 3, 1961LOCATION=VANCOUVER, 1, }}class=nowrap| {edih}| headquarters = Ottawa, OntarioProgressive AlliancePARTIES & ORGANISATIONS OF THE PROGRESSIVE ALLIANCE WEBSITE=PROGRESSIVE-ALLIANCE.INFO, 6 October 2018, | affiliation1_title = Union affiliate| affiliation1 = Canadian Labour Congress| website = {{Official URL}}| country = Canada| native_name = Nouveau Parti démocratique| native_name_lang = fr| abbreviation = NDP (English)NPD (French)| leader1_title = National director| leader1_name = Lucy Watsowww.cbc.ca/news/politics/ndp-top-staff-changes-1.7083904| leader2_title = Deputy leader| leader2_name = Alexandre Boulerice| leader3_title = House leader| leader3_name = Peter JulianCo-operative Commonwealth Federation New Party (Canada)>New Party | Canadian Labour Congress}}| youth_wing = Canada’s Young New DemocratsTITLE=NDP TRIPLES ITS MEMBERSHIP TO 124,000 IN RUN-UP TO PARTY’S LEADERSHIP VOTE DATE=2017-08-29 date=June 2022}}| membership_year = 2017class=nowrap| {edih}{{Canadian party colourNDP}}|border=silver}} OrangeHouse of Commons of Canada>House of Commons24hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}Senate of Canada>Senate0hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}}}The New Democratic Party (NDP; , NPD) is a federal political party in Canada. Widely described as social democratic,The party is widely described as social democratic:

• BOOK, Bryan Evans,archive.org/details/SocialDemocracyAfterTheColdWar, Social Democracy After the Cold War, Ingo Schmidt, Athabasca University Press, 2012, 978-1-926836-87-4,
• BOOK, Melody Hessing,books.google.com/books?id=_qHF160KzwgC&pg=PA176, Canadian Natural Resource And Environmental Policy: Political Economy And Public Policy, Michael Howlett, Tracy Summerville, UBC Press, 2005, 978-0-7748-1181-1, 176,
• BOOK, Rand Dyck,books.google.com/books?id=BUOoN8e5Ps0C&pg=PA219, Canadian Politics, Cengage Learning, 2011, 978-0-17-650343-7, 219,
• BOOK, Norman Penner,books.google.com/books?id=A70zWFHTg2EC, From Protest to Power: Social Democracy in Canada 1900–Present, James Lorimer & Company, 1992, 978-1-55028-384-6,
• BOOK, John M. Herrick,archive.org/details/encyclopediaofso00john, Encyclopedia of Social Welfare History in North America, Paul H. Stuart, SAGE, 2004, 978-0-7619-2584-2, 337, registration,
• BOOK, John Herd Thompson,archive.org/details/canadaunitedstat00thom_0, Canada and the United States: Ambivalent Allies, Stephen J. Randall, University of Georgia Press, 2002, 978-0-8203-2403-6, 309, registration,
• BOOK, Ian McLeod,books.google.com/books?id=VGLXAYJHHLUC, Under Siege: The Federal Ndp in the Nineties, James Lorimer & Company, 1994, 978-1-55028-454-6,
• BOOK, Keith Archer,archive.org/details/politicalchoices00arch, Political Choices and Electoral Consequences: A Study of Organized Labour and the New Democratic Party, McGill-Queens, 1990, 978-0-7735-0744-9, 15, registration,
• BOOK, Richard Collin,books.google.com/books?id=-vSlx-_Z408C&pg=PA209, An Introduction to World Politics: Conflict and Consensus on a Small Planet, Pamela L. Martin, Rowman & Littlefield, 2012, 978-1-4422-1803-1, 209, 18 July 2013,
• WEB, William Cross, September 2012, The Canadian New Democratic Party: A New Big Player in Canadian Politics?,library.fes.de/pdf-files/id/09361.pdf, 2 January 2019, Friedrich Ebert Stiftung,
• NEWS, Jessica Murphy, 26 September 2017, Who will Canada’s New Democrats pick to take on Trudeau?, BBC News,www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-41405645, 2 January 2019,
• WEB, Gerard Di Trolio, 4 June 2018, The NDP Claws Its Way Back,jacobinmag.com/2018/06/ndp-election-ontario-liberals-pc, 2 January 2019, Jacobin, the party occupies the centre-leftBOOK, David McGrane, Electoral competition in Canada among the centre-left parties: liberal versus social democrats, Rob Manwaring, Paul Kennedy, Why the Left Loses: The Decline of the Centre-Left in Comparative Perspective,books.google.com/books?id=UlI8DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA39, 2018, Policy Press, 978-1-4473-3266-4, 39–52, NEWS,www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-41463165, Canada’s New Democrats elect Jagmeet Singh as party leader, BBC News, 2 October 2017, 31 December 2018, How Canada’s politics are different to Australia’s. ABC. Author – Annabelle Quince. Published 16 October 2015. Retrieved 2 January 2019.Death of Jack Layton Weakens Canada’s Political Opposition. The New York Times. Author – Ian Austen. Published August 22, 2011. Retrieved January 2, 2019 of the political spectrum, with the party generally sitting to the left of the Liberal Party.BOOK, Elizabeth Goodyear-Grant, Elizabeth Goodyear-Grant,books.google.com/books?id=TUFFAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA31, Gendered News: Media Coverage and Electoral Politics in Canada, UBC Press, 2013, 978-0-7748-2625-9, 31, BOOK, Andrea Olive,books.google.com/books?id=Bvw_CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA55, The Canadian Environment in Political Context, University of Toronto Press, 2015, 978-1-4426-0871-9, 55, BOOK, David Martin Thomas,books.google.com/books?id=yQqnAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA168, Canada and the United States: Differences that Count, Fourth Edition, David Biette, University of Toronto Press, 2014, 978-1-4426-0908-2, 168, BOOK, Rodney P. Carlisle,books.google.com/books?id=Bpx2AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA274, Encyclopedia of Politics: The Left and the Right, SAGE Publications, 2005, 978-1-4522-6531-5, 274, The party was founded in 1961 by the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) and the Canadian Labour Congress (CLC).BOOK, Pamela Behan,books.google.com/books?id=O762LmJSp3oC, Solving the Health Care Problem: How Other Nations Succeeded and Why the United States Has Not, SUNY Press, 2012, 978-0-791-48135-6, 15–16,

The federal and provincial (or territorial) level NDPs are more integrated than other political parties in Canada, and have shared membership (except for the New Democratic Party of Quebec).BOOK, Marc Guinjoan, Parties, Elections and Electoral Contests: Competition and Contamination Effects,books.google.com/books?id=7bSlBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA62, 2014, Ashgate, 978-1-4724-3910-9, 62, The NDP has never won the largest share of seats at the federal level and thus has never formed government. From 2011 to 2015, it formed the Official Opposition; apart from this, it has been the third or fourth-largest party in the House of Commons. However, the party has held the balance of power, and with it considerable influence, during periods of Liberal minority governments. Sub-national branches of the NDP have formed the government in six provinces (Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, British Columbia, and Nova Scotia) and the territory of Yukon.The NDP supports a mixed economy, broader welfare, LGBT rights, international peace, environmental stewardship, and expanding Canada’s universal healthcare system to include dental care, mental health care, eye and hearing care, infertility procedures, and prescription drugs.Since 2017, the NDP has been led by Jagmeet Singh, who is the first visible minority to lead a major federal party in Canada on a permanent basis. Following the 2021 Canadian federal election, it is the fourth-largest party in the House of Commons, with 24 seats.

History

20th century

File:TommyDouglas-c1971-crop.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Tommy DouglasTommy Douglas

Origins and early history

{{See also|1961 New Democratic Party leadership election}}In 1956, after the birth of the Canadian Labour Congress (CLC) by a merger of two previous labour congresses, negotiations began between the CLC and the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) to bring about an alliance between organized labour and the political left in Canada. In 1958 a joint CCF-CLC committee, the National Committee for the New Party (NCNP), was formed to create a new social democratic political party, with ten members from each group. The NCNP spent the next three years laying down the foundations of the New Party, the party’s interim name pending a national convention. During this process, a large number of New Party Clubs were established to allow like-minded Canadians to join in its founding, and six representatives from New Party Clubs were added to the National Committee. In 1961, at the end of a five-day long founding convention which established its principles, policies and structures, the New Democratic Party was born, and Tommy Douglas, the long-time CCF Premier of Saskatchewan, was elected as its first leader.WEB,www.mta.ca/faculty/arts/canadian_studies/english/about/study_guide/roots/ccf2ndp.html,www.mta.ca/faculty/arts/canadian_studies/english/about/study_guide/roots/ccf2ndp.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20090205161148www.mta.ca/faculty/arts/canadian_studies/english/about/study_guide/roots/ccf2ndp.html,">web.archive.org/web/20090205161148www.mta.ca/faculty/arts/canadian_studies/english/about/study_guide/roots/ccf2ndp.html, dead, The evolution of CCF into NDP: 1961 and after, February 5, 2009,

David Lewis

At the 1971 leadership convention, an activist group called the Waffle tried to take control of the party but was defeated by David Lewis with the help of the union members. The following year, most of The Waffle split from the NDP and formed their own party. The NDP itself supported the minority government formed by the Pierre Trudeau–led Liberals from 1972 to 1974, although the two parties never entered into a coalition. Together, they succeeded in passing several socially progressive initiatives into law such as pension indexing and the creation of the crown corporation Petro-Canada.WEB, David Lewis – Federal NDP Leader 1971–75 – Biography of David Lewis,canadaonline.about.com/od/federalndp/p/davidlewis.htm,canadaonline.about.com/od/federalndp/p/davidlewis.htm," title="web.archive.org/web/20110606111643canadaonline.about.com/od/federalndp/p/davidlewis.htm,">web.archive.org/web/20110606111643canadaonline.about.com/od/federalndp/p/davidlewis.htm, June 6, 2011, February 21, 2022, Canadaonline.about.com, In 1974, the NDP worked with the Progressive Conservatives to pass a motion of non-confidence, forcing an election. However, it backfired as Trudeau’s Liberals regained a majority government, mostly at the expense of the NDP, which lost half its seats. Lewis lost his own riding and resigned as leader the following year.

Ed Broadbent

Under Ed Broadbent (1975–1989) the NDP attempted to find a more populist image to contrast with the governing parties, focusing on more pocketbook issues than on ideological fervour. The party played a critical role during Joe Clark’s minority government of 1979–1980, moving the non-confidence motion on John Crosbie’s 1979 budget that brought down the Progressive Conservative government and forced the 1980 election that brought the Liberal Party back to power.In the 1984 election, which saw the Progressive Conservatives under Brian Mulroney win the most seats in Canadian history, the NDP won 30 seats, while the governing Liberals fell to 40 seats.The NDP set a then-record of 43 members of parliament (MPs) elected to the house in the election of 1988. The Liberals, however, had reaped most of the benefits of opposing the Canada–United States Free Trade Agreement to emerge as the dominant alternative to the ruling PC government. In 1989, Broadbent stepped down after 14 years as federal leader of the NDP.NEWS,www.cbc.ca/news2/background/broadbent/, CBC News Indepth: Ed Broadbent, Cbc.ca, September 17, 2015,

Audrey McLaughlin

At the party’s leadership convention in 1989, former BC Premier Dave Barrett and Yukon MP Audrey McLaughlin were the main contenders for the leadership. During the campaign, Barrett argued that the party should be concerned with western alienation, rather than focusing its attention on Quebec. The Quebec wing of the NDP strongly opposed Barrett’s candidacy, with Phil Edmonston, the party’s main spokesman in Quebec, threatening to resign from the party if Barrett won.ENCYCLOPEDIA,www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/david-barrett/, Dave Barrett, The Canadian Encyclopedia, August 18, 2019, McLaughlin ran on a more traditional approach, and became the first woman to lead a major federal political party in Canada.Although enjoying strong support among organized labour and rural voters in the Prairies, McLaughlin tried to expand their support into Quebec without much success. Under McLaughlin, the party did manage to win an election in Quebec for the first time when Edmonston won a 1990 by-election.McLaughlin and the NDP were routed in the 1993 election, where the party won only nine seats, three seats short of official party status in the House of Commons. This was, and remains, the NDP’s lowest seat total in any election since the party’s founding in 1961; the election also resulted in the lowest-ever total number of votes received by the NDP in a federal election. The loss was blamed on the unpopularity of NDP provincial governments under Bob Rae in Ontario and Mike Harcourt in British Columbia and the loss of a significant portion of the Western vote to the Reform Party, which promised a more decentralized and democratic federation along with right-wing economic reforms.

Alexa McDonough

McLaughlin resigned in 1995 and was succeeded by Alexa McDonough, the former leader of the Nova Scotia NDP. In contrast to traditional Canadian practice, where an MP for a safe seat stands down to allow a newly elected leader a chance to enter Parliament via a by-election, McDonough opted to wait until the next election to enter Parliament.The party recovered somewhat in the 1997 election, electing 21 members. The NDP made a breakthrough in Atlantic Canada, a region where they had been practically nonexistent at the federal level. Before 1997, they had won only three seats in Atlantic Canada. However, in 1997 they won eight seats in that region. The party was able to harness the discontent of voters in Atlantic Canada, who were upset over cuts to employment insurance and other social programs implemented by Jean Chrétien’s Liberal majority government.In the November 2000 election, the NDP campaigned primarily on the issue of Medicare but lost significant support. The governing Liberals ran an effective campaign on their economic record and managed to recapture some of the Atlantic ridings lost to the NDP in the 1997 election. The initial high electoral prospects of the Canadian Alliance under new leader Stockwell Day also hurt the NDP as many supporters strategically voted Liberal to keep the Alliance from winning. The NDP finished with 13 MPs—just barely over the threshold for official party status.McDonough announced her resignation as party leader for family reasons in June 2002 (effective upon her successor’s election).

21st century

File:Layton winnipeg rally.JPG|thumb|Jack Layton was the first leader of the NDP to become Leader of the Official OppositionLeader of the Official Opposition

Jack Layton

A Toronto city councillor and recent President of the Federation of Canadian Municipalities, Jack Layton was elected at the party’s leadership election in Toronto on January 25, 2003.WEB,www.cbc.ca/news/features/ndp_leadership/, New Democrats pick a new leader, March 2, 2022,www.cbc.ca/news/features/ndp_leadership/," title="web.archive.org/web/20081231040331www.cbc.ca/news/features/ndp_leadership/,">web.archive.org/web/20081231040331www.cbc.ca/news/features/ndp_leadership/, 31 December 2008, dead, The 2004 election produced mixed results for the NDP. It increased its total vote by more than a million votes; however, despite Layton’s optimistic predictions of reaching 40 seats, the NDP only gained five seats in the election, for a total of 19. The party was disappointed to see its two Saskatchewan incumbents defeated in close races by the new Conservative Party (created by merger of the Canadian Alliance and Progressive Conservative parties), perhaps because of the unpopularity of the NDP provincial government.The Liberals were re-elected, though this time as a minority government. Combined, the Liberals and NDP had 154 seats – one short of the total needed for the balance of power. As has been the case with Liberal minorities in the past, the NDP were in a position to make gains on the party’s priorities, such as fighting health care privatization, fulfilling Canada’s obligation to the Kyoto Protocol, and electoral reform. The party used Prime Minister Paul Martin’s politically precarious position caused by the sponsorship scandal to force investment in multiple federal programs, agreeing not to help topple the government provided that some major concessions in the federal budget were ceded to.On November 9, 2005, after the findings of the Gomery Inquiry were released, Layton notified the Liberal government that continued NDP support would require a ban on private healthcare. When the Liberals refused, Layton announced that he would introduce a motion on November 24 that would ask Martin to call a federal election in February to allow for several pieces of legislation to be passed. The Liberals turned down this offer. On November 28, 2005, Conservative leader Stephen Harper’s motion of no confidence was seconded by Layton and it was passed by all three opposition parties, forcing an election.During the election, the NDP won 29 seats, a significant increase of 10 seats from the 19 won in 2004. It was the fourth-best performance in party history, approaching the level of popular support enjoyed in the 1980s. The NDP kept all of the 18 seats it held at the dissolution of Parliament. While the party gained no seats in Atlantic Canada, Quebec, or the Prairie provinces, it gained five seats in British Columbia, five more in Ontario and the Western Arctic riding of the Northwest Territories.The Conservatives won a minority government in the 2006 election, and initially the NDP was the only party that would not be able to pass legislation with the Conservatives. However, following a series of floor crossings, the NDP also came to hold the balance of power. The NDP voted against the government in all four confidence votes in the 39th parliament, the only party to do so. However, it worked with the Conservatives on other issues, including in passing the Federal Accountability Act and pushing for changes to the Clean Air Act.Following that election, the NDP caucus rose to 30 members with the victory of NDP candidate Thomas Mulcair in a by-election in Outremont. This marked the second time ever (and first time in seventeen years) that the NDP won a riding in Quebec. The party won 37 seats in the 2008 federal election, the best performance since the 1988 total of 43. This included a breakthrough in the riding of Edmonton-Strathcona, only the second time the NDP had managed to win a seat in Alberta in the party’s history.In the 2011 federal election, the NDP won a record 103 seats, becoming the Official Opposition for the first time in the party’s history. The party had a historic breakthrough in Quebec, where they won 59 out of 75 seats, dominating Montreal and sweeping Quebec City and the Outaouais. This meant that a majority of the party’s MPs now came from a province where they had only ever had two candidates elected in the party’s history. The NDP’s success in Quebec was mirrored by the collapse of the Bloc Québécois, which lost all but four of its 47 seats, and the collapse of the Liberal Party nationally, which was cut down to just 34 seats, its worst-ever result. This also marked the first time in history where the Liberal Party was neither the government nor the Official Opposition, as the NDP had taken over the latter role. The NDP was now the second largest party in the House of Commons opposing a Conservative majority government.In July 2011, Layton announced that he was suffering from a new cancer and would take a leave of absence, projected to last until the resumption of Parliament in September. He would retain his position of NDP Leader and Leader of the Opposition. The party confirmed his suggestion of Hull—Aylmer MP Nycole Turmel to carry out the functions of party leader in his absence. Layton died from his cancer on August 22, 2011.

Tom Mulcair

File:Tom-Mulcair-Rally-For-Change-Crop.jpg|thumb|231x231px|Tom MulcairTom MulcairFile:Canadian federal election, 2015 results by riding - New Democratic Party strength.svg|thumb|left|Results of the 2015 Canadian federal election2015 Canadian federal electionIn his final letter, Layton called for a leadership election to be held in early 2012 to choose his successor,WEB, Layton, Jack, A letter to Canadians from the Honourable Jack Layton,www.ndp.ca/letter-to-canadians-from-jack-layton, New Democratic Party of Canada, 5 October 2017, bot: unknown,www.ndp.ca/letter-to-canadians-from-jack-layton," title="wayback.archive-it.org/227/20111105094032www.ndp.ca/letter-to-canadians-from-jack-layton,">wayback.archive-it.org/227/20111105094032www.ndp.ca/letter-to-canadians-from-jack-layton, November 5, 2011, mdy-all, which was held on March 24, 2012, and elected new leader Tom Mulcair.NEWS, NDP leadership convention: Thomas Mulcair holds on for victory,vancouversun.com/news/Thomas+Mulcair+holds+victory/6354649/story.html,www.vancouversun.com/news/Thomas+Mulcair+holds+victory/6354649/story.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20120328043347www.vancouversun.com/news/Thomas+Mulcair+holds+victory/6354649/story.html,">web.archive.org/web/20120328043347www.vancouversun.com/news/Thomas+Mulcair+holds+victory/6354649/story.html, dead, March 28, 2012, 24 March 2012, Vancouver Sun, 24 March 2012, mdy-all, Despite early campaign polls which showed the NDP in first place, the party lost 59 seats in the 2015 election and fell back to third place in Parliament. By winning 44 seats, Mulcair was able to secure the second best showing in the party’s history, winning one more seat than Ed Broadbent managed in the 1988 election, but with a smaller share of the popular vote.WEB,www.nationalobserver.com/2015/10/21/opinion/better-luck-next-time-mr-mulcair, Better luck next time, Mr. Mulcair, National Observer, Elizabeth McSheffrey, 2015-10-21, 2015-10-23, NDP seat gains in Saskatchewan and British Columbia were offset by numerical losses in almost every other region, while in Alberta and Manitoba the party maintained its existing seat counts. The party was locked out of Atlantic Canada and the Territories, and lost over half of its seats in Ontario, including all of its seats in Toronto. In Quebec, the NDP lost seats to all three of the other major parties, namely the Liberals, Conservatives, and Bloc Québécois, though it managed to place second in both vote share (25.4%) and seats (16) behind the Liberals in the province. The election resulted in a Liberal majority government.Mulcair’s leadership faced criticism following the election, culminating in his losing a leadership review vote held at the NDP’s policy convention in Edmonton, Alberta on April 10, 2016. This marked the first time in Canadian federal politics that a leader was defeated in a confidence vote.NEWS, A history of dramatic leadership reviews in Canadian politics,www.macleans.ca/news/canada/a-history-of-dramatic-leadership-reviews-in-canadian-politics/, The Canadian Press, April 11, 2016, Maclean’s, April 10, 2016, dead,www.macleans.ca/news/canada/a-history-of-dramatic-leadership-reviews-in-canadian-politics/," title="web.archive.org/web/20160411110824www.macleans.ca/news/canada/a-history-of-dramatic-leadership-reviews-in-canadian-politics/,">web.archive.org/web/20160411110824www.macleans.ca/news/canada/a-history-of-dramatic-leadership-reviews-in-canadian-politics/, April 11, 2016, Consequently, his successor was to be chosen at a leadership election to be held no later than October 2017, with Mulcair agreeing to remain as leader until then.WEB,www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/mulcair-leadership-rebuke-1.3529511, Mulcair ‘a lame duck,’ says political scientist on NDP convention results, CBC News, April 10, 2016, David, Bell, live,web.archive.org/web/20230405041014/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/mulcair-leadership-rebuke-1.3529511, Apr 5, 2023,

Jagmeet Singh

File:Jagmeet Singh 2018 (3x4 cropped).jpg|thumb|241x241px|Jagmeet SinghJagmeet SinghOn October 1, 2017, Jagmeet Singh, the first person of a visible minority group to lead a major Canadian federal political party on a permanent basis, won the leadership vote to head the NDP on the first ballot.NEWS,www.cbc.ca/news/politics/new-democratic-party-leadership-results-1.4315704, Oct 1, 2017, Peter, Zimonjic, Jagmeet Singh wins leadership of federal NDP on first ballot, Cbc.ca, 2017-10-04, In the 2019 federal election, the NDP won only 24 seats in its worst result since 2004, shedding 15 seats.WEB, Tunney, Catharine, Oct 22, 2019, Singh fails to capitalize on late-campaign momentum as NDP loses seats,www.cbc.ca/news/politics/ndp-election-down-seat-1.5329689, live,web.archive.org/web/20240205051855/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/ndp-election-down-seat-1.5329689, Feb 5, 2024, CBC News, Alexandre Boulerice, who was elected to his third term in Rosemont—La Petite-Patrie, was the only NDP candidate to win a seat in Quebec,WEB,globalnews.ca/news/6064438/ndp-quebec-federal-election/, NDP all but disappears in Quebec as Liberals form minority government, Global News, October 22, 2019, Kalina, Laframboise, live,web.archive.org/web/20230923180534/https://globalnews.ca/news/6064438/ndp-quebec-federal-election/, Sep 23, 2023, while the party lost all three of its Saskatchewan ridings (Desnethé—Missinippi—Churchill River, Regina—Lewvan, and Saskatoon West) to the Conservatives.WEB,nationalpost.com/news/andrew-scheers-conservatives-sweep-over-the-prairies-in-the-2019-federal-election-results, Andrew Scheer’s Conservatives sweep over the Prairies in the 2019 federal election results, National Post, October 22, 2019, Tyler, Dawson, live,archive.today/20240223223056/https://nationalpost.com/news/andrew-scheers-conservatives-sweep-over-the-prairies-in-the-2019-federal-election-results, 23 Feb 2024, The party remained shut out of TorontoWEB, Ballingall, Alex, 2019-10-22, Jagmeet Singh can’t explain how the NDP failed to win any seats in Toronto in election 2019,www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2019/10/22/jagmeet-singh-cant-explain-how-the-ndp-failed-to-win-any-seats-in-toronto.html, Toronto Star, en, subscription, live,web.archive.org/web/20230404044019/https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2019/10/22/jagmeet-singh-cant-explain-how-the-ndp-failed-to-win-any-seats-in-toronto.html, Apr 4, 2023, and lost two of its MPs (Cheryl Hardcastle in Windsor—Tecumseh and Tracey Ramsey in Essex) in the rest of Ontario,WEB,www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/federal-election-ontario-results-1.5330024, Ontario proves crucial to propelling Liberals to second term, CBC News, October 22, 2019, Mike, Crawley, live,web.archive.org/web/20230404130813/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/federal-election-ontario-results-1.5330024, Apr 4, 2023, while making small or no gains in the popular vote in Manitoba, Newfoundland and Labrador, Alberta and Nunavut. In British Columbia, the NDP lost three seats (Kootenay—Columbia, Port Moody—Coquitlam, and, after having lost it at a by-election, Nanaimo—Ladysmith) but retained most of their support in the province.WEB,globalnews.ca/news/6065039/canada-election-bc-results-wrap/, B.C. election results full of surprises with Tory gains, NDP losses and Greens staying put, Global News, October 22, 2019, Sean, Boynton, live,web.archive.org/web/20231223090713/https://globalnews.ca/news/6065039/canada-election-bc-results-wrap/, Dec 23, 2023, Following the election, the NDP held the balance of power as the Liberals won a minority government, although it fell back to fourth place behind the resurgent Bloc Québécois.WEB,www.bnnbloomberg.ca/liberals-bloc-quebecois-split-quebec-vote-as-ndp-nearly-wiped-out-1.1335279, Liberals, Bloc Quebecois split Quebec vote as NDP nearly wiped out, BNN Bloomberg, October 22, 2019, Morgan, Lowrie, The Canadian Press, live,web.archive.org/web/20230404102302/https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/liberals-bloc-quebecois-split-quebec-vote-as-ndp-nearly-wiped-out-1.1335279, Apr 4, 2023, What the NDP’s drop in seats means for the party, Global News, October 22, 2019 During the COVID-19 pandemic, the NDP used its leverage to lobby the Liberals to be more generous in their financial aid to Canadians, including by extending of the Canada Emergency Response Benefit (CERB) program, which was a key demand in order to provide confidence to the government in the autumn of 2020.Can the NDP take credit for improving pandemic benefits? CTV News, August 18, 2021In the snap 2021 federal election, the NDP made minor gains in both vote share and seat count, winning in 25 ridings. The party won a second seat in Alberta for the first time when Blake Desjarlais picked up Edmonton Griesbach and Heather McPherson won her second term at Edmonton Strathcona. The party also picked up two seats in British Columbia with Lisa Marie Barron reclaiming Nanaimo—Ladysmith and Bonita Zarrillo reclaiming Port Moody—Coquitlam.NDP projected to make minor gains in Jagmeet Singh’s 2nd election as party leader, CBC News, September 21. 2021 These gains were offset by losses to the Liberals in St. John’s East and Hamilton Mountain, where incumbent NDP MPs Jack Harris and Scott Duvall did not stand for re-election.NDPer Malcolm Allen concedes, Liberal Lisa Hepfner becomes new Hamilton Mountain MP, CBC News, September 22, 2021Liberals flip St. John’s East (federal electoral district)|St. John’s East, as Conservatives look to claim Coast of Bays-Central-Notre Dame, CBC News, September 21, 2021 Overall, the election resulted in no change to the balance of power in the House of Commons.Meet the new parliament, same as the old parliament, Global News, September 21, 2021 In March 2022, the NDP agreed to a confidence and supply deal with the Liberal Party, led by Prime Minister Justin Trudeau.WEB, Liberals, NDP agree to confidence deal seeing Trudeau government maintain power until 2025,www.ctvnews.ca/politics/liberals-ndp-agree-to-confidence-deal-seeing-trudeau-government-maintain-power-until-2025-1.5829116, CTV News, March 22, 2022,

Ideology, position and policies

The NDP evolved in 1961 from a merger of the Canadian Labour Congress (CLC) and the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF). The CCF grew from populist, agrarian and socialist roots into a modern social democratic party. Although the CCF was part of the Christian left and the Social Gospel movement,WEB,www.bc.united-church.ca/uccfiles/archives/The%20United%20Church%20of%20Canada%20in%20BC%20(history).pdf, The United Church of Canada in British Columbia, Bob Stewart, 1983, April 15, 2011, the NDP is secular and pluralistic. It has broadened to include concerns of the New Left, and advocates issues such as LGBT rights, international peace, and environmental stewardship.WEB,xfer.ndp.ca/2017/Documents/2016_POLICY-EN.pdf, POLICY OF THE New Democratic Party of Canada : EFFECTIVE APRIL 2016, Xfer.ndp.ca, March 2, 2022, The NDP also supports a mixed economy and broader welfare,WEB, New Democratic Party,www.britannica.com/topic/New-Democratic-Party-political-party, 2022-11-03, Encyclopædia Britannica, en, and has a left-wing, democratic socialist faction.NEWS, Laura Payton, 14 April 2013, NDP votes to take ‘socialism’ out of party constitution,www.cbc.ca/news/politics/ndp-votes-to-take-socialism-out-of-party-constitution-1.1385171, 19 May 2020, CBC News, The NDP is a member of the Progressive Alliance, a political international of progressive and social democratic parties.

Ideological orientation

The NDP’s constitution states that both social democracy and democratic socialism are influences on the party. Specific inclusion of the party’s history as the continuation of the more radical Co-operative Commonwealth Federation, and specific identification of the “democratic socialist” tradition as a continuing influence on the party are part of the language of the preamble to the party’s constitution:{{Blockquote|text=New Democrats are proud of our political and activist heritage, and our long record of visionary, practical, and successful governments. That heritage and that record have distinguished and inspired our party since the creation of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation in 1933 and the founding of the New Democratic Party in 1961.New Democrats seek a future that brings together the best of the insights and objectives of Canadians who, within the social democratic and democratic socialist traditions, have worked through farmer, labour, co-operative, feminist, human rights and environmental movements, and with First Nations, Métis and Inuit peoples, to build a more just, equal, and sustainable Canada within a global community dedicated to the same goals.WEB,xfer.ndp.ca/2013/constitution/2013_CONSTITUTION_E.pdf, Constitution of the New Democratic Party of Canada, Effective April 2013, New Democratic Party of Canada, }}

Health care

The NDP states that it is committed to public health care. The party states that it fights for “a national, universal, public pharmacare program to make sure that all Canadians can access the prescription medicine they need with their health card, not their credit card – saving money and improving health outcomes for everyone”.WEB,www.ndp.ca/better-care, A new deal for better health care for all Canadians, New Democratic Party (official website), 13 January 2021, The party also states its support for expanding services covered under the national health care system to include dental care, mental health care, eye and hearing care, infertility procedures, and prescription drugs. Regarding dentistry, the NDP notes that “one in three Canadians has no dental insurance and over six million people don’t visit the dentist every year because they can’t afford to. Too many people are forced to go without the care they need until the pain is so severe that they are forced to seek relief in hospital emergency rooms”.WEB,www.ndp.ca/better-care, Extending Medicare to cover services you need, New Democratic Party (official website), 13 January 2021,

Palestine

The NDP supports the Palestinian state. In March 2024, an NDP motion on Palestine was passed after significant amendments were agreed with the Liberals. In particular, the motion called on the government to “officially recognize the State of Palestine”, but this was amended to “work...towards the establishment of the State of Palestine as part of a negotiated two-state solution.“NEWS, Aiello, Rachel, NDP motion regarding Palestinian statehood passes after major Liberal alterations,www.ctvnews.ca/politics/mps-to-vote-on-ndp-motion-calling-on-canada-to-recognize-palestinian-statehood-1.6811956, CTV News, March 18, 2024,

Electoral achievements

Since its formation, the party has had a presence in the House of Commons. It was the third largest political party from 1965 to 1993, when the party dropped to fourth and lost official party status. The NDP’s peak period of policy influence in those periods was during the minority Liberal governments of Lester B. Pearson (1963–68) and Pierre Trudeau (1972–74). The NDP regained official status in 1997, and played a similar role in the Liberal and Conservative minority governments of 2004–2006 and 2006–2011, respectively. Following the 2011 election, the party became the second-largest party and formed the Official Opposition in the 41st Canadian Parliament.Provincial New Democratic parties, which are organizationally sections of the federal party, have governed in six of the ten provinces and a territory. The NDP governs the provinces of British Columbia and Manitoba, forms the Official Opposition in Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Ontario, and has sitting members in every provincial legislature except those of Quebec, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island. The NDP has previously formed the government in the provinces of Alberta, Ontario, Saskatchewan, British Columbia, Nova Scotia and the Yukon Territory. The NDP has previously had at least one sitting member in every provincial legislature except that of Quebec.While members of the party are active in municipal politics, the party does not organize at that level. For example, though former Toronto mayor David Miller was an NDP member during his successful 2003 and 2006 mayoral campaigns, his campaigns were not affiliated with the NDP.

Provincial and territorial wings

(File:NDP leaders summit 2013.jpg|thumb|330px|NDP leaders at the federal and provincial levels during a federal leaders summit on January 15, 2013)Unlike most other Canadian federal parties, the NDP is integrated with its provincial and territorial parties. Holding membership of a provincial or territorial section of the NDP includes automatic membership in the federal party, and this precludes a person from being a member of different parties at the federal and provincial levels. Membership lists are maintained by the provinces and territories.There have been three exceptions: Nunavut, the Northwest Territories, and Quebec. In Nunavut and in the Northwest Territories, whose territorial legislatures have non-partisan consensus governments, the federal NDP is promoted by its riding associations, since each territory is composed of only one federal riding.In Quebec, the historical New Democratic Party of Quebec was integrated with the federal party from 1963 until 1989, when the two agreed to sever their structural ties after the Quebec party adopted a sovereigntist platform. From then on, the federal NDP was represented in Quebec only by their Quebec Section,WEB,www.npd.qc.ca, Nouveau Parti Démocratique | Nouveau Parti Démocratique Section Québec, Npd.qc.ca, March 31, 2010, April 28, 2010,www.npd.qc.ca/," title="web.archive.org/web/20100420100534www.npd.qc.ca/,">web.archive.org/web/20100420100534www.npd.qc.ca/, April 20, 2010, dead, mdy-all, whose activities in the province were limited to the federal level. However, following the party’s breakthrough in the province in the 2011 federal election, the NDP announced their plans to recreate a provincial party in Quebec in time for the following Quebec general election.NEWS,www.cbc.ca/news/canada/quebecvotes2012/story/2012/08/17/quebec-election-ndp-mulcair.html, NDP coming to Quebec for next election, CBC News, August 17, 2012, August 17, 2012, The modern New Democratic Party of Quebec party was registered with the Chief Electoral Officer of Quebec on January 30, 2014,WEB, Nouveau Parti démocratique du Québec,www.electionsquebec.qc.ca/english/provincial/rapeq/political-parties-details.php?p=00092, DGE, March 5, 2014, but it failed to nominate any candidates in the 2014 election. The new NPDQ is not affiliated to the federal NDP due to more recent provincial laws in Quebec which disallow provincial parties from affiliating with federal parties.WEB,montrealgazette.com/news/local-news/west-island-gazette/ndpq-candidates-set-out-on-campaign-trail-in-west-island, NDPQ candidates head out on campaign trail in West Island, Montreal Gazette, Kathryn, Greenaway, August 29, 2018, March 20, 2019, {{Failed verification|date=January 2024}}The NDP in Quebec has been in decline since 2016, struggling to attract local leaders and support.WEB, Dufour, Frédérick Guillaume, Why the NDP missed the boat in Québec during the federal election,theconversation.com/why-the-ndp-missed-the-boat-in-quebec-during-the-federal-election-168917, 2021-10-13, The Conversation, October 3, 2021, en, NEWS, Paas-Lang, Christian, 18 September 2021, 10 years on, the Orange Wave in Quebec is barely a trickle. Can this election reverse the tide?,www.cbc.ca/news/politics/ndp-orange-wave-10-years-on-1.6179673, CBC, {|class=“wikitable sortable“|+Current seat counts and leaders of provincial and territorial parties!Party!Seats / Total!Role in legislature!Last election!Leader| Alberta New Democratic Party {{Composition bar87CA|NDP}}}}Opposition}} 2023| Rachel Notley| British Columbia New Democratic Party {{Composition bar87CA|NDP}}}}Majority}} 2020| David Eby| New Democratic Party of Manitoba {{Composition bar57CA|NDP}}}}Majority}} 2023| Wab Kinew| New Brunswick New Democratic Party {{Composition bar49CA|NDP}}}}Extra-parliamentary}} 2020| Alex WhiteNew Democratic Party of Newfoundland and Labrador>New Democratic Party ofNewfoundland and Labrador {{Composition bar40CA|NDP}}}}Third party}} 2021| Jim Dinn| Nova Scotia New Democratic Party {{Composition bar55CA|NDP}}}}Third party}} 2021| Claudia Chender| Ontario New Democratic Party {{Composition bar124CA|NDP}}}}Opposition}} 2022| Marit Stiles| New Democratic Party of Prince Edward Island {{Composition bar27CA|NDP}}}}Extra-parliamentary}} 2023| Michelle Neill| Saskatchewan New Democratic Party {{Composition bar61CA|NDP}}}}Opposition}} 2020| Carla Beck| Yukon New Democratic Party {{Composition bar19CA|NDP}}}}Confidence and supply}}{{small|(Liberal minority)}} 2021Kate White (politician)>Kate WhiteThe most successful provincial section of the party has been the Saskatchewan New Democratic Party, which first came to power in 1944 as the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation under Tommy Douglas and has won eleven of the province’s elections since then. In Canada, Douglas is often cited as the “Father of Medicare” since, as Saskatchewan Premier, he introduced Canada’s first publicly funded, universal healthcare system to the province. Despite the historic success of the Saskatchewan branch of the party, the NDP was shut out of Saskatchewan for the 2004, 2006, 2008, and 2011 federal elections,NEWS, Graham, Jennifer, October 20, 2015, NDP hopes for major gains in Saskatchewan dashed by Conservatives, CityNews, The Canadian Press,www.citynews.ca/2015/10/20/ndp-hopes-for-major-gains-in-saskatchewan-dashed-by-conservatives/, July 28, 2016, before winning three seats there in the 2015 federal election.NEWS, October 20, 2015, Good news story, bad news story: the NDP in Saskatchewan, CBC News,www.cbc.ca/news/canada/saskatoon/good-news-story-bad-news-story-the-ndp-in-saskatchewan-1.3281218, July 28, 2016, The NDP would once again be shut out of Saskatchewan as part of the Conservatives sweep of the province in the 2019 election.The New Democratic Party has also formed government in Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario and Yukon.{| class=“wikitable sortable“|+Best historic seat counts for provincial and territorial parties!Province/Territory!Seats / Total!Role in legislature!Year!Concurrent party leader| Alberta {{composition bar87CA|NDP}}}}Majority}} 2015| Rachel Notley (Premier 2015–2019)| British Columbia {{composition bar87CA|NDP}}}}Majority}} 2020| John Horgan (Premier 2017–2022)| Manitoba {{composition bar57CA|NDP}}}}Majority}} 2011| Greg Selinger (Premier 2009–2016)| New Brunswick {{composition bar58CA|NDP}}}}Third party}} 1984 {{small|(by-election)}}George Little (New Brunswick politician)>George LittleNewfoundland and Labrador>Newfoundlandand Labrador {{composition bar48CA|NDP}}}}Third party}} 2011| Lorraine Michael| Nova Scotia {{composition bar52CA|NDP}}}}Majority}} 2009| Darrell Dexter (Premier 2009–2013)| Ontario {{composition bar130CA|NDP}}}}Majority}} 1990| Bob Rae (Premier 1990–1995)| Prince Edward Island {{composition bar27CA|NDP}}}}Third party}} 1996| Herb Dickieson| Quebec {{composition bar91CA|NDP}}}}Fourth party}} 1944 Quebec general election {{small>(as CCF)}}David Côté (politician)>David Côté| Saskatchewan {{composition bar66CA|NDP}}}}Majority}} 1991| Roy Romanow (Premier 1991–2001)| Yukon {{composition bar17CA|NDP}}}}Majority}} 1996| Piers McDonald (Premier 1996–2000)

Federal leaders

{{qnote|the right-hand column does not allocate height proportional to time in office.}}A list of leaders (including acting leaders) since 1961.{| class=“wikitable” style="text-align:center”! No.! Leader(birth–death)! Portrait! Riding! Took office! |Left office! colspan=“2“|Prime Minister {{small|(term) Party}}! rowspan=“3“|1Tommy Douglas(1904–1986)(File:TommyDouglas-c1971-crop.jpg|60px)Weyburn (provincial electoral district) (Saskatchewan Legislature>Saskatchewan){{refnname=“Tommy Douglas“|Sat as the Premier of Saskatchewan and head of the Saskatchewan CCF until November 7, 1961.}} Burnaby—Coquitlam Nanaimo—Cowichan—The IslandsAugust 3, 1961April 24, 1971Diefenbaker {{nowrap|(1957–1963)}} PC Pearson {{nowrap|(1963–1968)}} Liberal P. Trudeau {{nowrap|(1968–1979)}} Liberal ! 2David Lewis (Canadian politician)>David Lewis(1909–1981)60px)| York South1971 New Democratic Party leadership election>April 24, 1971| July 7, 1975Ed Broadbent(1936–2024)(File:Ed Broadbent.jpg|60px)Oshawa–Whitby Oshawa July 7, 1975December 5, 1989PC! style="font-weight:normal; height:8px;;“|Clark {{nowrap|(1979–1980)}} PC Turner {{nowrap|(1984)}} Liberal Mulroney {{nowrap|(1984–1993)}} PC ! rowspan=“3“|4Audrey McLaughlin(b. 1936)(File:AudreyMcLaughlin2012 1.png|60px)YukonDecember 5, 1989October 14, 1995PC! style="font-weight:normal“|Campbell {{nowrap|(1993)}} PC Chrétien {{nowrap|(1993–2003)}} Liberal ! 5| Alexa McDonough(1944–2022)60px)Halifax Fairview (Legislative Assembly of Nova Scotia>Nova Scotia){{refnname=“Alexa McDonough”Halifax (federal electoral district)>Halifax1995 New Democratic Party leadership election>October 14, 1995| January 25, 2003Jack Layton(1950–2011)(File:Jack Layton - 2011.jpg|60px)Toronto–DanforthJanuary 25, 2003August 22, 2011{{refnname=“Jack Layton“|On July 28, 2011, Layton took a leave of absence.}}LI! style="font-weight:normal“|Martin {{nowrap|(2003–2006)}} Liberal Harper {{nowrap|(2006–2015)}} Conservative ! Interim| Nycole Turmel(b. 1942)60px)| Hull—Aylmer| July 28, 2011| March 24, 2012Tom Mulcair(b. 1954)(File:Tom-Mulcair-Cropped-2014-05-08.png|60px)OutremontMarch 24, 2012October 1, 2017LI! style="font-weight:normal” rowspan=“2“|J. Trudeau {{nowrap|(2015–present)}} Liberal ! 8| Jagmeet Singh(b. 1979)60px)Bramalea—Gore—Malton (provincial electoral district)>Bramalea—Gore—Malton (Ontario Provincial Parliament){{refn>group=noteSat as Ontario MPP until October 20, 2017.}} Burnaby South 2017 New Democratic Party leadership election>October 1, 2017| Incumbent! Order !! Photo !! Name !!Term !! Notes Michael Kelway Oliver 1961–1963The academic was acclaimed as first president of the NDP; later president of Carleton UniversityMerv Johnson>Kindersley (electoral district)>Kindersley, SaskatchewanEamon Park>Dovercourt (provincial electoral district)>Dovercourt in the Ontario legislatureJim Renwick (Canadian politician)>James Renwick1967–1969 Concurrently NDP MPP for Riverdale in the Ontario legislature70px) Allan Blakeney“Moderate elected president; Watkins joins executive”, The Globe and Mail, Nov 1, 1969 1969–1971 70px) Donald C. MacDonald | British Columbia party activist and feminist, first woman to become NDP president. |Previously president of the Saskatchewan NDP for 6 years.Tony Penikett>| Subsequently, Premier of Yukon territory70px)Marion Dewar1985–1987Previously Mayor of Ottawa and subsequently NDP MP for Hamilton MountainJohanna den Hertog>|Ran unsuccessfully for the NDP in Vancouver Centre in the 1988 federal election| Saskatoon lawyer“City lawyer wins NDP presidency”, Saskatoon Star-Phoenix, December 4, 1989| Vice president of the Canadian Labour Congress.“McLaughlin vows to quiz party faithful on unity views”, Montreal Gazette, June 10, 1991 Iain Angus >| Former Ontario MP.“NDP President”, Saskatoon Star-Phoenix, October 16, 1995 Ed Tchorzewski >|Former Saskatchewan cabinet ministerMontreal Gazette, June 17, 1999 >| | (File:Adam Giambrone @ Human Train Rally in Sorauren Park 2009.jpg|70px) Adam GiambroneCONNOR > FIRST = KEVIN NEWSPAPER = TORONTO SUN URL = HTTP://WWW.TORONTOSUN.COM/NEWS/CANADA/2011/04/16/18015651.HTML | At age 24, he was the youngest person to ever become president of a political party. Toronto City Councillor for the latter part of his term. | (File:Anne McGrath (cropped).jpg|70px) | (File:Peggy Nash speaking in 2011.jpg|70px) | (File:Brian-Topp-October-16-2011.png|70px) Brian ToppSMITH>FIRST=JOANNAURL=HTTPS://WWW.THESTAR.COM/NEWS/CANADA/POLITICS/ARTICLE/1011415--HEATED-DEBATE-AS-NEW-DEMOCRATS-DEFER-MOTION-TO-DROP-SOCIALIST-FROM-CONSTITUTIONNEWSPAPER=THE TORONTO STARARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20110622081521/HTTP://WWW.THESTAR.COM/NEWS/CANADA/POLITICS/ARTICLE/1011415--HEATED-DEBATE-AS-NEW-DEMOCRATS-DEFER-MOTION-TO-DROP-SOCIALIST-FROM-CONSTITUTIONURL-STATUS=LIVE| Resigned after three months to run for leader of the NDP following the death of Jack Layton. National Campaign Director in 2006 and 2008. Subsequently, chief of staff to Alberta NDP Premier Rachel Notley.|(File:Rebecca Blaikie.JPG|70px) | (File:Marit Stiles QP.png|70px) |First francophone president; formerly national caucus coordinator for the NDP| First president from a visible minority; United Steelworkers staff representative; formerly Ontario NDP organizerNewfoundland and Labrador Federation of Labour; unsuccessful NDP candidate for St. John’s East (federal electoral district)>St. John’s East in 2021

Election results

{{Graph:Chart |width=600|height=150|xAxisTitle=|yAxisTitle=% of votes|type=rect |xAxisFormat=%|x=1962,1963,1965,1968,1972,1974,1979,1980,1984,1988,1993,1997,2000,2004,2006,2008,2011,2015,2019,2021|y=13.57,13.22,17.91,16.96,17.83,15.44,17.88,19.77,18.81,20.38,6.88,11.05,8.51,15.68,17.48,18.18,30.63,19.71,15.98,17.83|colors=#FAA61A|showValues=offset:4}}{| class=“wikitable sortable” style="text-align: left;”! Election! Leader! Seats! +/–! Votes! %! Rank! Position/Gov.! 1962Tommy Douglas19hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}| {{increase}} 11| 1,044,754| 13.57| 4thFourth party}}! 196317hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}| {{decrease}} 2| 1,044,701| 13.22| {{steady}} 4thFourth party}}! 196521hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}| {{increase}} 4| 1,381,658| 17.91| {{increase}} 3rdThird party}}! 196822hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}| {{increase}} 1| 1,378,263| 16.96| {{steady}} 3rdThird party}}! 1972David Lewis31hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}| {{increase}} 9| 1,725,719| 17.83| {{steady}} 3rdThird party}}! 197416hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}| {{decrease}} 15| 1,467,748| 15.44| {{steady}} 3rdThird party}}! 1979Ed Broadbent26hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}| {{increase}} 10| 2,048,988| 17.88| {{steady}} 3rdThird party}}! 198032hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}| {{increase}} 6| 2,165,087| 19.77| {{steady}} 3rdThird party}}! 198430hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}| {{decrease}} 2| 2,359,915| 18.81| {{steady}} 3rdThird party}}! 198843hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}| {{increase}} 13| 2,685,263| 20.38| {{steady}} 3rdThird party}}! 1993| Audrey McLaughlin9hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}| {{decrease}} 34| 939,575| 6.88| {{decrease}} 4thNo status}}! 1997Alexa McDonough21hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}| {{increase}} 12| 1,434,509| 11.05| {{steady}} 4thFourth party}}! 200013hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}| {{decrease}} 8| 1,093,748| 8.51| {{steady}} 4thFourth party}}! 2004Jack Layton19hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}| {{increase}} 6| 2,127,403| 15.68| {{steady}} 4thFourth party}}! 200629hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}| {{increase}} 10| 2,589,597| 17.48| {{steady}} 4thFourth party}}! 200837hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}| {{increase}} 8| 2,515,288| 18.18| {{steady}} 4thFourth party}}! 2011103hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}| {{increase}} 66| 4,508,474| 30.63| {{increase}} 2ndOpposition}}! 2015Thomas Mulcair>Tom Mulcair44hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}| {{decrease}} 59| 3,441,409| 19.71| {{decrease}} 3rdThird party}}! 2019Jagmeet Singh24hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}| {{decrease}} 20| 2,903,722| 15.98| {{decrease}} 4thFourth party}}! 202125hex={{Canadian party colourNDP}}}}| {{increase}} 1| 3,036,346| 17.83| {{steady}} 4thConfidence and supply}}

Results timeline{| class“wikitable” style@font-size:80%; text-align:center“|+

!Year!width=37px|{{Flagicon|Canada}}CA! class=“unsortable“| !width=37px|{{Flagicon|Yukon}}YT!width=37px|{{Flagicon|British Columbia}}BC!width=37px|{{Flagicon|Alberta}}AB !width=37px|{{Flagicon|Saskatchewan}}SK!width=37px|{{Flagicon|Manitoba}}MB!width=37px|{{Flagicon|Ontario}}ON!width=37px|{{Flagicon|Quebec}}QC!width=37px|{{Flagicon|New Brunswick}}NB!width=37px|{{Flagicon|Nova Scotia}}NS!width=37px|{{Flagicon|Prince Edward Island}}PE!width=37px|{{Flagicon|Newfoundland and Labrador}}NL!1933N/AN/A0.7N/AN/A!19347.0!193512.0!1937{{Decrease}} 5.6N/A!19380.5!194011.1!1941{{Increase}} 17.0{{Increase}} 31.72.1!1944{{Increase}} 53.111.7!1945{{Increase}} 37.6{{Decrease}} 22.4{{Increase}} 4.3!1948{{Decrease}} 47.6{{Decrease}} 0.6{{Decrease}} 6.0!1949{{Decrease}} 35.1{{Decrease}} 9.6!1950!1951{{Decrease}} 1.7!1952{{Decrease}} 14.1{{Increase}} 1.0{{Decrease}} 1.3!1953{{Increase}} 30.9{{Decrease}} 6.8!1954!1955{{Decrease}} 16.5N/A!1956{{Decrease}} 45.3{{Decrease}} 0.6N/A0.0!1957{{Decrease}} 9.5{{Decrease}} 4.3{{Increase}} 16.7{{Increase}} 7.2!1960{{Decrease}} 40.8{{Decrease}} 0.0{{Increase}} 13.6{{Decrease}} 3.6!1963{{Decrease}} 27.8{{Increase}} 9.5{{Decrease}} 4.1!1964{{Increase}} 17.9!1966{{Increase}} 23.1{{Decrease}} 1.8!1967{{Increase}} 16.0{{Increase}} 25.90.1{{Increase}} 5.2!1968{{Increase}} 33.90.2{{Increase}} 2.8{{Decrease}} 11.4{{Increase}} 27.1{{Steady}} 1.8!1972{{Increase}} 39.6{{Decrease}} 0.2!1973{{Decrease}} 15.4{{Increase}} 2.95.9!1975{{Increase}} 12.9{{Increase}} 28.9{{Increase}} 4.4!19760.1!1977{{Decrease}} 28.0!1978{{Increase}} 48.1{{Increase}} 6.5{{Decrease}} 0.9!1979{{Increase}} 46.0{{Increase}} 1.3{{Increase}} 7.8!1980{{Increase}} 47.4{{Increase}} 18.1!1982{{Increase}} 18.7{{Increase}} 10.2{{Decrease}} 0.5{{Decrease}} 3.7!1983{{Decrease}} 18.8{{Increase}} 41.12.4{{Decrease}} 42.6{{Increase}} 45.2{{Increase}} 4.0!1987{{Increase}} 10.6!1988{{Decrease}} 23.6{{Increase}} 44.9{{Decrease}} 1.2{{Decrease}} 3.5{{Decrease}} 4.4!1990{{Increase}} 37.6!1991{{Increase}} 51.0{{Decrease}} 35.1N/A!1993{{Decrease}} 11.0{{Increase}} 5.4{{Decrease}} 47.2{{Decrease}} 20.6{{Increase}} 39.9{{Increase}} 7.9{{Increase}} 11.1{{Increase}} 34.4!1999{{Increase}} 44.5{{Decrease}} 8.8{{Increase}} 8.2!2000{{Decrease}} 32.8{{Increase}} 8.4!2001{{Decrease}} 8.0!2002{{Increase}} 44.6{{Increase}} 14.7{{Increase}} 30.9{{Decrease}} 3.1{{Increase}} 15.7{{Increase}} 41.4!2006{{Decrease}} 23.6{{Decrease}} 5.1{{Decrease}} 37.2{{Increase}} 16.8{{Decrease}} 2.0{{Increase}} 18.2{{Increase}} 42.1{{Increase}} 10.4!2011{{Increase}} 32.6{{Decrease}} 46.2{{Increase}} 3.2{{Increase}} 9.9!2013{{Decrease}} 26.9!2014{{Increase}} 13.0!2015{{Increase}} 40.6{{Increase}} 11.0{{Decrease}} 26.2{{Decrease}} 25.7!2017{{Decrease}} 21.4!2018{{Decrease}} 5.0!2019{{Decrease}} 32.7{{Decrease}} 3.0{{Increase}} 47.7{{Decrease}} 1.7!2021{{Increase}} 28.2{{Increase}} 8.0!2022{{Increase}} 44.02024 British Columbia general election>TBD2024 Saskatchewan general election>TBD2024 New Brunswick general election>TBD class=“sortbottom“!Year!{{Flagicon|Canada}}CA! class=“unsortable“| !{{Flagicon|Yukon}}YT!{{Flagicon|British Columbia}}BC!{{Flagicon|Alberta}}AB !{{Flagicon|Saskatchewan}}SK!{{Flagicon|Manitoba}}MB!{{Flagicon|Ontario}}ON!{{Flagicon|Quebec}}QC!{{Flagicon|New Brunswick}}NB!{{Flagicon|Nova Scotia}}NS!{{Flagicon|Prince Edward Island}}PE!{{Flagicon|Newfoundland and Labrador}}NL class=“sortbottom” Bold indicates best result to date.{{Colour boxborder=silver}} Present in legislature{{Colour boxborder=silver}} Official opposition{{Colour boxborder=silver}} In government“>

Logos{| class“wikitable” style@text-align:center“|+ Logo history

! style="width:100px;“| 1961 (founding convention)! style="width:100px;“| 1961–1984! style="width:100px;“| 1984–1997! style="width:100px;“| 1997NEWS, Junkets around the world keeps former Rat Packer busy,www.newspapers.com/clip/122802392/the-leader-post/, 13 April 2023, Regina Leader-Post, March 29, 1997, 12, –2004{{efn|name=“Bilingual“|Bilingual version of the logo}}! style="width:100px;“| 2004–2012{{efn|name=“Bilingual“}} ! style="width:100px;“| {{nowrap|2012–present{{efn|name=“Bilingual“}}}}120px)120px)120px)120px)120px)120px)

See also

• Broadbent Institute
• Douglas-Coldwell Foundation
• Regina Manifesto
• Left Caucus
• New Democratic Party Socialist Caucus
• New Politics Initiative

Notes

{{notelist}}

References

{{reflist|30em}}

External links

{{Commons category|New Democratic Party}}

• {{Official website}}
• www.ndp.ca/" title="wayback.archive-it.org/227/www.ndp.ca/">New Democratic Party – Canadian Political Parties and Political Interest Groups – Web Archive created by the University of Toronto Libraries
• Co-operative Commonwealth Federation and New Democratic Party fonds at Library and Archives Canada

{{NDP}}{{Canadian federal political parties}}{{Authority control}}