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Sherlock Holmes pastiches
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{{short description|none}}{{Further|Sherlock Holmes|Popular culture references to Sherlock Holmes|List of authors of new Sherlock Holmes stories}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}Sherlock Holmes has long been a popular character for pastiche, Holmes-related work by authors and creators other than Arthur Conan Doyle.Their works can be grouped into four broad categories: - the content below is remote from Wikipedia
- it has been imported raw for GetWiki
- New Sherlock Holmes stories
- Stories in which Holmes appears in a cameo role
- Stories about imagined descendants of Sherlock Holmes
- Stories inspired by Sherlock Holmes but which do not include Holmes himself
Sherlock Holmes stories
New Sherlock Holmes stories fall into many categories, including:- Additional Sherlock Holmes stories in the conventional mould
- Holmes placed in settings of contemporary interest (such as World War II or the future)
- Crossover stories in which Holmes is pitted against other fictional characters (for example, vampires)
- Explorations of unusual aspects of Holmes’ character which are hinted at in Conan Doyle’s works (e.g., drug use)
TV
The Granada TV series 1984 â 1994 Sherlock Holmes (Jeremy Brett) Dr. John H. Watson (David Burke) (Edward Hardwicke). So far the only film or TV series to accurately feature Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s stories and words. Jeremy Brett proved that Doyle’s words could be spoken dramatically and as written on film. His Sherlock Holmes is still considered definitive by most if not all of the world’s Sherlock Holmes Societies.The BBC’s TV series Sherlock re-imagines Holmes and Watson (played by Benedict Cumberbatch and Martin Freeman) as contemporary figures, with Watson publishing his accounts of Holmes’ exploits online.The US TV series Elementary features a modern Holmes (Jonny Lee Miller) who lives in the United States, where he is assisted by Dr. Joan Watson (Lucy Liu).The 2014 NHK puppetry Sherlock Holmes is set in a fictional boarding school “Beeton School” and Holmes and Watson are pupils who live in 221B of Baker House. There is no murder and the same characters appear many times.HBO Asia’s 2018 series Miss Sherlock is set in modern-day Japan, starring Yuko Takeuchi as the titular character, with Shihori Kanjiya as ‘Wato’.Radio
Bert Coules penned The Further Adventures of Sherlock HolmesWEB,www.bbc.co.uk/cult/sherlock/coules.shtml, BBC â Cult Presents: Sherlock Holmes â Bert Coules Interview, www.bbc.co.uk, 20 April 2018, starring Clive Merrison as HolmesThe Further Adventures {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716064107www.bertcoules.co.uk/further.htm |date=16 July 2011 }} and Michael Williams/Andrew Sachs as Watson. The episodes of The Further Adventures were based on throwaway references in Doyle’s short stories and novels. He also produced original scripts for this series, which was also issued on CD.WEB,www.bbc.co.uk/cult/sherlock/coules.shtml, Bert Coules: Holmes writer and dramatiser for Radio 4, 20 May 2010, September 2005, BBC.co.uk, Coules had previously dramatised the entire Holmes canon for Radio Four.WEB,www.bakerstreetdozen.com/furtheradvent.html, BBC Radio â Further Adventures of Sherlock Holmes: Reviewed, Charles, Prepolec, www.bakerstreetdozen.com, 20 April 2018, BBC Radio 2 also broadcast in 1999 a more ribald six-episode parody series featuring Holmes and Watson titled The Newly Discovered Casebook of Sherlock HolmesWEB,www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00b1rqs, The Newly Discovered Casebook of Sherlock Holmes â BBC Radio 4 Extra, BBC, 20 April 2018, starring Roy Hudd as Holmes (“the brilliant detective, master of disguise and toffee-nosed ponce“), Chris Emmett as Watson (“contributor to the British Medical Journal, Which Stethescope Magazine and inventor of the self-raising thermometer“) and June Whitfield as Mrs. Hudson. Titles in this series included “The Case of the Clockwork Fiend”, “The Mystery of the Obese Escapologist”, “The Case of the Deranged Botanist”, “Sherlock Holmes and the Glorious Doppelganger”, “Holmes Strikes a Happy Medium” and “The Demon Cobbler of Greek Street”, and usually turned out to have Holmes’ mortal enemy Moriarty (Geoffrey Whitehead) behind each mystery. This series has since been re-broadcast on BBC Radio 7, later BBC Radio 4 Extra.Starting in 1998, U.S. radio producer Jim French was given permission from the Conan Doyle estate to produce new, original Sherlock Holmes stories for radio in North America.Jim French Productions {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101213065339jimfrenchproductions.com/zc137m/index.php?main_page=index&cPath=3 |date=13 December 2010 }} These are presented within the Imagination Theatre program on radio stations and XM satellite radio. The new stories are also broadcast under the banner The Further Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. John Gilbert played Holmes until 2000, when John Patrick Lowrie took over the role. Watson is played in all shows by Lawrence Albert. Scripts are by Jim French, M. J. Elliott, Matthew Booth, John Hall, Gareth Tilley, J R Campbell and Lawrence Albert. In 2005, with adaptations written by M. J. Elliott, French and his company began a new series based on Conan Doyle’s original tales called The Classic Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. Many episodes are available on CD as well as downloadable from the Imagination Theatre website.Film
Holmes has been an inspiration of both serious and comedy films.Serious films
A series of fourteen Sherlock Holmes films starring Basil Rathbone as Sherlock Holmes and Nigel Bruce as Dr. John Watson were released between 1939 and 1946. Many are loosely based on the original stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and some are original stories. Those that pit Holmes and Watson against the Nazis, made during the Second World War, were in the spirit of Conan Doyle’s patriotism, and indeed the quintessential “His Last Bow” describes Holmes and his connections with British Intelligence on the eve of the First World War.A Study in Terror (1965), directed by James Hill starring John Neville as Holmes and Donald Houston as Watson, connected Holmes with the Jack the Ripper case, and was later novelised by Ellery Queen.The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes (1970) was directed by Billy Wilder and stars Robert Stephens as the famous sleuth. In this film, Holmes travels to Scotland in search of the Loch Ness Monster.The Seven-Per-Cent Solution (1976), based on Nicholas Meyer’s very successful novel, concentrates on Holmes’ cocaine addiction and stars Nicol Williamson and Robert Duvall as Holmes and Watson, respectively. Professor Moriarty (Laurence Olivier) is characterised here as an inoffensive mathematics tutor, his villainy a fantasy of Holmes’ drug habit.Sherlock Holmes in New York (1976 TV movie) starred Roger Moore as Holmes and Patrick Macnee as Watson.Murder by Decree (1979) portrays Holmes (played by Christopher Plummer) and Watson (played by James Mason) tracking down Jack the Ripper and dealing with the violent political situation of the day. The theory of the Ripper murders presented in that film is similar to that portrayed in the comic book and film From Hell. Both are derived from Stephen Knight’s book (Jack the Ripper: The Final Solution) (1977).In 1985, director Barry Levinson made a film called Young Sherlock Holmes (a.k.a. Young Sherlock Holmes and the Pyramid of Fear) with a story about the youth of Holmes and Watson as secondary school students and their first great adventure, even before A Study in Scarlet.WEB,www.levinson.com/bl/ysherlock/index.htm, film menu, Levinson.com, 19 February 2011, 5 September 2009,www.levinson.com/bl/ysherlock/index.htm," title="web.archive.org/web/20090905011545www.levinson.com/bl/ysherlock/index.htm,">web.archive.org/web/20090905011545www.levinson.com/bl/ysherlock/index.htm, dead, There are a lot of references about Holmes canon such as the violin, the pipe, “elementary, my dear...”, the clothes and the reason why Holmes never married, and it includes the first meeting of Holmes and Professor Moriarty. The film was produced by Steven Spielberg and written by Chris Columbus; the novelization was written by Alan Arnold.In both The Return of Sherlock Holmes (1987 TV movie) and Sherlock Holmes Returns (1993 TV movie) a cryogenically frozen Holmes is awakened in the present day.Hands of a Murderer (1990 TV movie) sees Edward Woodward playing Holmes and John Hillerman (of Magnum, P.I. fame) as Watson, in a plot involving Mycroft (Peter Jeffrey) and Moriarty (Anthony Andrews) battling for control of government secrets.(Sherlock: Case of Evil) (2002 TV movie) has James D’Arcy as a youthful, bed-hopping Holmes, meeting Roger Morlidge’s Watson for the first time while pursuing Vincent D’Onofrio’s Moriarty, whose opium-trading schemes have left Mycroft (Richard E. Grant) physically and mentally scarred.The Case of the Whitechapel Vampire (2002 TV movie) stars Matt Frewer and Kenneth Welsh as Holmes and Watson investigating reports of vampire attacks in Whitechapel, East London. The film was preceded by adaptations of The Hound of the Baskervilles (2000 TV movie) and The Sign of Four (2001 TV movie).Sherlock Holmes and the Case of the Silk Stocking (2004 TV movie), has Holmes (Rupert Everett) and Watson (Ian Hart) searching for a killer with a foot fetish. The production was an original story written by Allan Cubitt. This was preceded by The Hound of the Baskervilles (2002 TV movie) with Holmes now played by Richard Roxburgh and Ian Hart returning as Watson.Sherlock Holmes (2009) was directed by Guy Ritchie for Warner Bros. and stars Robert Downey Jr. and Jude Law as Holmes and Watson. It also features Rachel McAdams as Irene Adler. The film explores Holmes and Watson’s most complex adventure in which the antagonist Lord Blackwood (Mark Strong) seemingly rises from his grave after being executed and draws plans to control the British Empire. The sequel, (Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows) (2011) pits the original cast against Professor Moriarty (played by Jared Harris).Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s Sherlock Holmes (2010) was directed by Rachel Lee Gondenberg and produced by low-budget direct-to-DVD film company The Asylum. It stars Gareth David Lloyd as Watson and new actor Ben Syder as Holmes. The film placed a younger Holmes and Watson in a steampunk science fiction story set in 1881, in which Holmes and Watson investigate the crimes of a mechanical genius known as Spring Heeled Jack, who creates mechanical monsters to terrorise London.Comedy films
Holmes’ talents have sometimes been inverted for comic effect, as in Gene Wilder’s 1975 film The Adventure of Sherlock Holmes’ Smarter Brother. Here Holmes’ younger brother Sigurson (Wilder), who is jealous of ‘Sheer Luck’ as he calls him, is manipulated by Holmes into solving one of his cases.1988 brought Thom Eberhardt’s role-reversal comedy Without a Clue. The film depicts Dr. Watson (Ben Kingsley) as the real detective genius and Holmes (Michael Caine) as a bumbling idiot who is merely an actor and a front man for Watson,WEB,www.imdb.com/title/tt0096454/, Without a Clue, 21 October 1988, 20 April 2018, www.imdb.com, with a plot which cleverly mirrors the real life circumstance of Conan Doyle (also a physician) who eventually tired of his creation, Sherlock Holmes.Will Ferrell and John C. Reilly starred as the eponymous characters in the 2018 mystery comedy film Holmes & Watson.Animation
The 1999 animated series Sherlock Holmes in the 22nd Century was set in the year 2103 and involved Beth Lestrade, a direct descendant of Holmes’s associate Inspector Lestrade, reanimating the cryogenically preserved corpse of Holmes to battle Moriarty-later revealed to be a clone of the original-who was believed to be responsible for a series of crimes in New London. Watson was long dead, but a robotic counterpart was made to physically resemble him after downloading Watson’s stories-and essentially his personality-into his databanks by accident, and the three solved a number of cases patterned on the original Holmes stories; for instance, a retelling of The Hound of the Baskervilles took place on the moon and involved werewolves. The series was created by DIC and Scottish Television, and ran for approximately two seasons. It was unique in Sherlockiana for a number of reasons, including the fact that Holmes, who is canonically described as having black hair and grey eyes, was depicted with blond hair and blue eyes.Sherlock Hound (åæ¢åµãã¼ã 㺠Meitantei HÅmuzu?, lit. “Detective Holmes“) is a 1984 anime television series based on Conan Doyle’s work where almost all the characters are depicted as anthropomorphic dogs. The show featured regular appearances of Jules Verne-steampunk style technology, adding a 19th-century science-fiction atmosphere to the series. It was coproduced by Japanese and Italian companies and animated by TMS (Tokyo Movie Shinsha). Some episodes were directed by Hayao Miyazaki.Holmes and Watson appear in the (Batman: The Brave and the Bold) episode “Trials of the Demon!”, respectively voiced by Ian Buchanan and Jim Piddock. This version of the duo are acquaintances of Jason Blood, and work with him and Batman to clear his name after Gentleman Ghost frames him for his crimes. Upon encountering Batman, Holmes is able to deduce much about his nature, but is then baffled when Batman recognizes him immediately; he comes to see the Caped Crusader as something of a rival as they attempt to unravel the plot of Gentleman Ghost. After the villain’s defeat, Holmes and his Victorian era allies see Batman off, and as Batman departs he acknowledges Holmes as the “World’s Greatest Detective”.The 2015 anime film, The Empire of Corpses, features a younger, re-imagined Holmes and Watson, the latter actually the protagonist, in a steampunk world where the dead are reanimated and used as a labor force.Comics
In the Italian comic book Martin Mystère and spin-off series Storie di Altrove/Stories from Elsewhere Holmes is a historical character.Martin Mystère: The shadows of Baker Street {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722052923www-en.sergiobonellieditore.it/auto/scheda_speciale?collana=13&numero=129 |date=22 July 2011 }} In the late 1880s, he worked on the case of Jack the Ripper and met Professor Richard Van Helsing, a vampire who destroyed Count Dracula. Along with Professor Challenger, Holmes visited a secret valley of dinosaurs in South America in 1896, which became the basis for Doyle’s novel The Lost World. The same year he worked with the American Secret Service “Elsewhere” to stop paranormal threats from another dimension. In 1910, he discovered a life extension serum. At the beginning of World War I, he had a final confrontation with Professor Moriarty. After the war, he moved to Ukraine, giving Arthur Conan Doyle the task to convince everyone that he was just an imaginary character. With the help of his serum, Holmes prolonged his life for several decades. In the 1990s, he indirectly helped Martin Mystère to capture a villain who found a formula of his serum.Leah Moore and John Reppion’s The Trial of Sherlock Holmes (2009) and Scott Beatty’s Sherlock Holmes: Year One (2011) published by Dynamite Entertainment.Bringing Sherlock Holmes Back to Comics: Moore & Reppion, Newsarama, 2 March 2009WEB,www.dynamite.net/htmlfiles/viewProduct.html?PRO=C725130158925, Dynamite® Sherlock Holmes: Year One #1 (Of 6), www.dynamite.net, 20 April 2018, Ian Edginton wrote the 2010 Wildstorm comic book limited series Victorian Undead which pitted Holmes against zombies.WEB, Jeffrey, Renaud,www.comicbookresources.com/?page=article&id=23488, Edginton Unleashes Holmes vs. Zombies, Comic Book Resources, 28 October 2009, 7 November 2009, New Paradigm Studios in August 2012 debuted “Watson and Holmes” digital comic on {{Proper name|iVerse ComicsPlus}} digital app. “Watson and Holmes” is a modern re-interpretation of Sherlock Holmes and Dr. John Watson as African-Americans in present day Harlem, NY. “Watson and Holmes” is in limited print black and white comics of the first three issues. Issue #1 will be in wide release July 2013.{{citation needed|date=December 2016}}The Korean manhwa series, (Lizzie Newton: Victorian Mysteries), is set in the Sherlock Holmes universe, but in an earlier period in history. Set in the year 1864, it features younger versions of characters in the series. These include Inspector Lestrade as a junior police officerBOOK, Jeon, Hey-jin, Lee, Ki-ha, Lizzie Newton: Victoria Mysteries (English translation), 1, 2012, 168, Seven Seas, 978-1-935934-80-6, and Professor Moriarty as a student.BOOK, Jeon, Hey-jin, Lee, Ki-ha, Lizzie Newton: Victoria Mysteries (English translation), 2, 2013, 164, National Geographic Books, 978-1-937867-08-9,archive.org/details/lizzienewtonvolu0000jeon/page/164, Moriarty the Patriot is a Japanese manga series by RyÅsuke Takeuchi and Hikaru Miyoshi, focused on Holmes’ nemesis, William James Moriarty, but Sherlock is also a major character. This Moriarty is a crime consultant who, alongside his brothers, hopes to end the English class system and reform society. Sherlock becomes first his rival and then his friend.WEB, VIZ: The Official Website for Moriarty the Patriot,www.viz.com/moriarty-the-patriot, December 1, 2020, www.viz.com, en-US, WEB, Xianwei, Wu, Moriarty the Patriot Is a Political Anime, Just Not in the Way You Think,www.cbr.com/moriarty-the-patriot-political-anime-class-war-revolution/, CBR.com, November 6, 2020, December 1, 2020,Video games
Sherlock Holmes has taken the starring roles in a number of video games, officially licensed or not.Text only
- Melbourne House released an interactive fiction adventure game for Commodore 64 and ZX Spectrum called Sherlock in 1984.WEB,www.worldofspectrum.org/infoseekid.cgi?id=0006968, Sherlock, World of Spectrum, 19 February 2011,
- Peter Allen Golden in 1984 published a Sherlock Holmes computer interactive novel Another Bow.
- Ellicott Creek Software in 1986 published Sherlock Holmes: The Vatican Cameos for ZX Spectrum and Apple II.WEB,archive.org/details/msdos_Sherlock_Holmes_-_The_Vatican_Cameos_1986, Sherlock Holmes â The Vatican Cameos, Internet Archive, 1986, 15 August 2018,
- Infocom released a text adventure game, (Sherlock: The Riddle of the Crown Jewels), in 1987. The plot revolves around Moriarty’s theft of the Crown Jewels days before the celebration of Queen Victoria’s Golden Jubilee; Holmes rightly senses that a trap has been set for him and allows Watson to investigate the case.WEB,archive.org/details/msdos_Sherlock_Holmes_-_The_Riddle_of_the_Crown_Jewels_1987, Sherlock Holmes â The Riddle of the Crown Jewels, Internet Archive, 1987, 13 August 2018,
- Pack-In-Video released in 1987 (Young Sherlock: The Legacy of Doyle) for the MSX, mostly a text adventure with some graphics. It is based on the 1985 film Young Sherlock Holmes, but the plot is different.
- Slovakian Sybilasoft (Michal Hlavac) created a text adventure for ZX Spectrum called Traja Garridebovia in 1987.WEB,www.worldofspectrum.org/infoseekid.cgi?id=0006967, Traja Garridebovia, World of Spectrum, 13 August 2018,
- British Creative Juices (David Court) in 1988 created a text adventure for ZX Spectrum called Sherlock Holmes: a Matter of Evil.WEB,www.worldofspectrum.org/infoseekid.cgi?id=0010925, A Matter of Evil, World of Spectrum, 13 August 2018,
- British 8th Day Software in 1988 published a text adventure with some additional graphics created by Stephen Kee and Alan Bolger called The Raven for ZX Spectrum.WEB,www.worldofspectrum.org/infoseekid.cgi?id=0006867, The Raven, World of Spectrum, 15 August 2018,
- Zenobi Software released two text-only adventure games for the ZX Spectrum: Sherlock Holmes: The Case of the Beheaded Smuggler in 1988WEB,archive.org/details/zx_Sherlock_Holmes_The_Case_of_the_Beheaded_Smuggler_1990_Zenobi_Software_Part_1_of, Sherlock Holmes â The Case of the Beheaded Smuggler (Part 1 of 2), Internet Archive, 1990, 13 August 2018, and Sherlock Holmes: The Lamberley Mystery in 1990.WEB,archive.org/details/zx_Sherlock_Holmes_The_Lamberley_Mystery_1990_Zenobi_Software_Part_1_of_3, Sherlock Holmes â The Lamberley Mystery (Part 1 of 3), Internet Archive, 1990, 13 August 2018,
- Mycroft Systems published a text-only adventure for MS-DOS in 1990 called The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes set in London and featuring Dr. Watson, Mrs. Baker and Inspector Lestrade.WEB,www.mobygames.com/game/adventures-of-sherlock-holmes, The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, MobyGames, 15 August 2018,
- Yestersoft in 1991 published PC-Sherlock: a Game of Logic and Deduction, with very little graphics and focusing on logic aspects.WEB,archive.org/details/msdos_PC-Sherlock_-_A_Game_of_Logic_and_Deduction_1996, PC-Sherlock â A Game of Logic & Deduction, Internet Archive, 1996, 15 August 2018,
Graphic adventures
- Datasoft released a graphic adventure game called 221B Baker St in 1986.WEB,www.computinghistory.org.uk/det/43399/221B-Baker-Street/, 221B Baker Street, Computing History, 13 August 2018,
- Towa Chiki released three action-adventure games called (Sherlock Holmes: Hakushaku ReijÅ YÅ«kai Jiken) in 1986, Meitantei Holmes: Kiri no London Satsujin Jiken in 1988, and (Meitantei Holmes: M-Kara no Chousenjou) in 1989 only in Japan for the Nintendo Entertainment System.
- Sega in 1987 published a graphic adventure called Loretta no Shouzou: Sherlock Holmes (“The Portrait of Loretta“) exclusively in Japan.WEB,segadoes.com/2014/12/19/loretta-no-shouzou-sherlock-holmes/, Loretta no Shouzou: Sherlock Holmes, 19 December 2014, Dylan Cornelius, Sega Does, 15 August 2018,
- ICOM Simulations released (Sherlock Holmes: Consulting Detective), a multimedia CD-ROM adventure game for PCs in 1991 and later for the Sega CD system 1992, TurboGrafx-16 and Apple computers. One of the earliest multimedia titles, it was to become a series of three games, each with three cases. Each game in the series uses full motion video clips. A collected edition followed in 1993. A re-mastered version for iOS, Microsoft Windows, and OS X was released in 2012.
- (Sherlock Holmes: Consulting Detective Vol. II), ICOM, 1992.
- (Sherlock Holmes: Consulting Detective Vol. III), ICOM, 1993.
- Electronic Arts released a series of original computer games for DOS called The Lost Files of Sherlock Holmes: The Case of the Serrated Scalpel was released in 1992, The Case of the Rose Tattoo in 1996.
- Game developer Frogwares created the titles (Sherlock Holmes: Mystery of the Mummy), (Sherlock Holmes: Secret of the Silver Earring) and (Sherlock Holmes: The Awakened), both marketed as “inspired by The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes”, and released in 2004 and 2006, respectively. Frogwares also created (Sherlock Holmes: Nemesis), released in 2008 and Sherlock Holmes Versus Jack the Ripper, released in 2009 and converted to play in the Xbox 360. In September 2012, Frogwares released The Testament of Sherlock Holmes for the Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, and Windows. Also in September 2014, Frogwares released (Sherlock Holmes: Crimes & Punishments) and in 2016 (Sherlock Holmes: The Devil’s Daughter). These eight games comprises the Adventures of Sherlock Holmes video game series. In addition to them, Frogwares released also four casual games: Sherlock Holmes: The Mystery of the Persian Carpet, Sherlock Holmes and the Mystery of Osborne House, Sherlock Holmes and the Hound of the Baskervilles, and Sherlock Holmes: The Mystery of the Frozen City.
- Three games have been inspired by movies Sherlock Holmes and (Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows) directed by Guy Ritchie: Gameloft S. A. published in 2009 Sherlock Holmes: The Official Movie Game for Java, Warner Bros. developed Sherlock Holmes Mysteries for iOS, and Sticky Game Studios released in 2011 an online game called Sherlock Holmes 2: Checkmate.
- (The Great Ace Attorney: Adventures), a video game on the Nintendo 3DS and a spin-off of the Ace Attorney series, features Sherlock Holmes as a major supporting character, aided by protagonist Ryunosuke Naruhodo to solve a mysterious case. He is accompanied by Iris Watson, a 10-year-old girl genius sharing the same last name as Dr. Watson. Holmes and Iris also appear in the game’s sequel, (The Great Ace Attorney 2: Resolve). Due to copyright concerns, the characters’ names are localized in international releases to Herlock Sholmes and Iris Wilson, in homage to Holmes’ renaming in the Arsène Lupin stories.WEB,www.eurogamer.net/articles/2021-04-24-why-sherlock-holmes-is-called-herlock-sholmes-in-the-great-ace-attorney-chronicles, Why Sherlock Holmes is called Herlock Sholmes in The Great Ace Attorney Chronicles, Wesley, Yin-Poole, 24 April 2021, 24 April 2021, Eurogamer,
- The Lost Cases of Sherlock HolmesWEB,www.computinghistory.org.uk/det/43399/221B-Baker-Street/, The Lost Cases of Sherlock Holmes, Big Fish Games, 13 August 2018, and The Lost Cases of Sherlock Holmes 2WEB,www.macgamestore.com/product/1457/The-Lost-Cases-of-Sherlock-Holmes-2/, The Lost Cases of Sherlock Holmes 2, MacGameStore, 13 August 2018, (also called The Lost Cases of 221B Baker St.), two casual games by Legacy Interactive with 16 new cases each (mostly hidden objects scenes) with Holmes and Watson. The cases of the first games are “The Zouch Emerald”, “The Assassinated Aerialist”, “Murder in the Third Act”, “The Purloined Painting”, “The Suspicious Sting”, “The Death Card Devil”, “The Wayward Will”, “The Curse of Anan Thotep”, “The Mystery of the Billiard Blackmailer”, “A Duchess’ Diamonds”, “The Maestro’s Violin”, “The Porcelain Dragon”, “The Docklands Spy”, “The Vanishing Actress”, “King Arthur’s Arrow”, and “The Eight Clocks Assassin”, plus a bonus game in Holmes’ chemistry laboratory. The cases of the second game are “Slaying at the Standing Stones”, “The Harbor Pirates Prisoner”, “The Curious Chrononaut”, “The Return of Jack the Ripper”, “The Lost Blade of Calcutta”, “The Murdered Musician”, “The Vulnerable Pugilist”, “The Haunting at Marlsbury Castle”, “The Pups of Baskerville”, “The Tainted Truffle”, “The Case of the Unwanted Suitor”, “The Secret of the Father Christmas Club”, “The Sticky-Fingered Dinner Guest”, “The Disappearing Doomsday Formula”, “The Mystery of the Millionaire’s Daughter”, and “The Bohemian Crown Heist”, plus four bonus stories.
- Sherlock Holmes: The Case of the Time Machine (also released as Cerebral Sherlock) and Sherlock Holmes: The Case of the Vanishing Thief, two comedy adventures for children by Green Street, Anuman Interactive, gameX and Compedia. The playing character here is Watson, but Holmes is also present, as well as Sergeant Plymouth. Watson has to catch “the biggest criminal of all time”, Jailhouse Jimmy. No clear license on the packaging.
Apps
- SecretBuilders Games has released in 2013 a game called Sherlock Holmes: The Blue Diamond; the same year another game was released called Sherlock Holmes: The Norwood Mystery and in 2014 two games for iOS and Android were released called Hidden Object Valley of Fear 1 and Valley of Fear Mystery 2, featuring Holmes and Watson.
- Hidden Object World has released an app called Hidden Object â Sherlock, basically a casual game with hidden objects search.
- Another plain hidden object app has been released in 2017 by Lory Hidden Object Games and called Hidden Objects Sherlock Holmes.
- In recent times, Crisp App Studio has released two apps inspired by Sherlock Holmes: Detective Holmes: Hidden Objects and Sherlock Holmes: Trap for the Hunter. Although mainly targeted at smartphones and tablets, they have been released also on Steam.
- DikobrazGames has released an app Sherlock Holmes Adventure Free inspired by Benedict Cumberbatch’s Sherlock.
Sherlock Holmes cameos
TV
In (Star Trek: The Next Generation), a Sherlock Holmes mystery was one of the programmes on the Enterprise-D’s holodeck. In the episode Elementary, Dear Data, Data, after memorising all of the Sherlock Holmes books, is challenged to use deduction in an original mystery created by Dr. Pulaski. However, the programme goes awry when Geordi La Forge, in response to Pulaski’s challenge, asks the computer to create an adversary capable of defeating Data, resulting in the hologram of Professor Moriarty (played by Daniel Davis) gaining full sentience, kidnapping Dr. Pulaski and taking over the ship’s computer. In a later episode, Ship in a Bottle, the holodeck Moriarty again takes control of the ship, insisting that a way be found for him to experience life beyond the confines of the holodeck, until the crew manage to trap him in a permanent simulation. The first Holmes-based episode was produced with the understanding that Sherlock Holmes was public domain, but a protest from the Doyle estate indicated otherwise (and, it is rumoured, prevented a plan for Data-as-Holmes to become a recurring character).An elderly Holmes and Watson appear in a sketch of comedy show That Mitchell and Webb Look, where Holmes is portrayed as an increasingly senile old man whose flawed deductions are merely humoured by Watson to try to make his old friend feel better; the sketch ends on a tearful note as Holmes, his mind briefly clear, admits to Watson that he knows that his powers are failing him but simply cannot think clearly enough to get past his age.In 2020 Netflix released the film Enola Holmes based on the Nancy Springer character of the same name starring Millie Bobby Brown (Stranger Things) as the titular character and Henry Cavill as Sherlock Holmes. The cast also includes Helena Bonham Carter as Eudora Holmes and Sam Claflin as Mycroft Holmes. The film was originally set for theatrical distribution by Warner Bros. Pictures but the distribution rights were picked up by Netflix due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A sequel, Enola Holmes 2, was released in 2022 with a third thought to be currently in production. No release date has yet been confirmed.Animation
- Disney’s The Great Mouse Detective (1986), also known as Basil of Baker Street, was a relatively successful theatrical feature animated film based on the Basil of Baker Street books of Eve Titus, featuring a miniature subworld of London with mice, rats and cats in the lead roles. The title character is a mouse who lives in 221B Baker St and models his own detective career on Holmes, who lives at the same address and makes a cameo appearance.
- In one episode of The Fairly Oddparents Holmes is portrayed in stereotypical attire; he starts every sentence with “elementary, my dear (whomever he is addressing)” and will always know the answer to every single question posed to him about the asker.
- In the VeggieTales episode, Sheerluck Holmes and the Golden Ruler, Larry the Cucumber and Bob the Tomato portray vegetable versions of Holmes and Watson, respectively, in order to teach a lesson on friendship.
Video games
Everett Kaser has published a series of free reflection games (puzzles) with names referring to Sherlock Holmes stories: Sherlock: The Game of Logic, Dinner with Moriarty, Watson’s Map, Baker Street, Scotland Yard Inspector Lestrade, Mrs. Hudson, Reichenbach Falls, Queen’s Gambit, Mycroft’s Map. Sherlock Holmes, however, does not appear in the games, except some very small icons.WEB,www.kaser.com/sherwin.html, Sherlock, Everett Kaser Software, 13 August 2018, In Midnight Mysteries: Haunted Houdini a hidden-object/puzzle video game released in 2012 by MumboJumbo, Sherlock Holmes is on the suspects list.In Fate/Grand Order, released in Japan in 2015, Holmes briefly appears in the Camelot singularity. Then he appears in the Shinjuku singularity as an ally. He is a Ruler class servant.In (There Is No Game: Wrong Dimension), the second chapter sees the player trapped in a fictional adventure game based on Sherlock Holmes. The player must alter the game’s user interface and environment in order to manipulate Holmes and Watson into solving specific puzzles so that they might escape.Successors of Sherlock Holmes
These stories treat Sherlock Holmes as an historical character but concern themselves with one of his successors â biological or spiritual â who usually take after him in some way, e.g. being good detectives.Film
In the 1977 spoof The Strange Case of the End of Civilization as We Know It, John Cleese plays Arthur Sherlock Holmes, grandson of the famous sleuth, alongside Watson’s grandson, played by Arthur Lowe.TV
The Adventures of Shirley Holmes is the story of the teenage Anglo-Canadian grandniece of Sherlock Holmes, Shirley, who after discovering some of Sherlock Holmes’ effects (which he had concealed to ensure that only a fitting successor of similar intellect would find them), goes on to solve many crimes and mysteries with the assistance of her male Watson-like friend, Bo Sawchuk. She also has a Moriarty-like arch-enemy in the form of Molly Hardy.Manga/anime
In Hidan no Aria series, the character Aria Holmes Kanzake is the descendant of Sherlock Holmes. Tantei Opera Milky Holmes has four protagonists named after famous literary detectives, and they even adopt the iconic deerstalker into their uniform.Ron Kamonohashi, the main character of (Ron Kamonohashi|Ron Kamonohashi: Deranged Detective), is a sixth-generation descendant of Sherlock Holmes, and a ninth-generation descendant of James Moriarty.Video games
Big Fish Games and Elephant Games have released three games with a main character named “Ms. Holmes”, a female detective who investigates in England during the absence of Sherlock Holmes after his disappearance at Reichenbach Falls. Some recurring Holmes’ characters such as Professor Moriarty, Inspector Lestrade, and the Baskervilles are cited in the games. Later she is revealed to be Sharlotte Holmes, a Holmes’ descendant.Holmes-inspired characters
Film
Douglas Fairbanks played a cocaine-addicted Holmes spoof named “Coke Enneday” in The Mystery of the Leaping Fish (1916). Many of this “scientific” detective’s possessions are checkered in the Holmes manner, including his detective hat, jacket, and even his car, and whenever he feels momentarily dejected, he nonchalantly extracts yet another syringe from a bandolier on his chest and quickly injects himself with cocaine, laughing in merriment as an immediate result.In 1924, comedian Buster Keaton made Sherlock Jr., about a film projectionist who dreams of becoming a great detective.The 1971 film They Might Be Giants, adapted from James Goldman’s 1961 British stage play of the same name, featured George C. Scott as a widowed judge named Justin Playfair who imagines himself to be Holmes. When his brother seeks to have him committed, he is brought to Dr. Mildred Watson (Joanne Woodward).In The Return of the World’s Greatest Detective (1976 TV movie), a rather ineffectual Los Angeles police officer, and avid fan of Sherlock Holmes, named Sherman Holmes (played by American actor Larry Hagman) suffers a brain injury when his parked motorcycle tips over and falls onto his head (he was lying beside it, reading). He wakes with both the unshakeable delusion that he is Sherlock Holmes and that he possesses all of Holmes’ incredible deductive abilities. His friend and case-worker, Dr. Joan Watson (Jenny O’Hara), moves him to Apartment B of 221 Baker Street, where he becomes involved in the murder of an embezzler. Nicholas Colasanto also stars as Lt. Tinker, Holmes’ former superior, who is in charge of the murder investigation. Reviewers of the day pointed out parallels to They Might Be Giants.The 1986 Soviet comedy (:ru:Ðой нежно лÑбимÑй деÑекÑив|My Dearly Beloved Detective) features two women (Shirley Holmes and Jane Watson) opening a private detective agency in London, to the displeasure of Scotland Yard at the competitors. Sherlock Holmes is fictional in the setting.Zero Effect, loosely based on the Sherlock Holmes story “A Scandal in Bohemia”, features Bill Pullman as Daryl Zero, a neurotic detective who is only in his element when on a case, and Ben Stiller as Watson-like assistant Steve Arlo. Set in modern Portland, Oregon, the search for a shady businessman’s lost keys reveals a plot involving murder, blackmail, and secret identities. Instead of cocaine, Zero’s occasional need for mental stimulation leads to experimentation with the drug mescaline. In the film, Zero indicates that he has mastered his technique of “Observation and Objectivity” â or as he calls them, “The Two Obs”.Sherlock Holmes also inspired Satyajit Ray to create the character Pradosh Mitter. Mitter, affectionately called Feluda, was immensely popular in Bengal. Feluda used the method of deduction to solve his cases, most of which were set in Calcutta. Ray even made some movies with Feluda as hero, including Sonar Kella (The Golden Fortress). Additionally, the Bengali writer Saradindu Bandyopadhyay also had a detective named Byomkesh Bakshi, which had some resemblance to Doyle’s Holmes.WEB,byomkesh.com/2010/01/17/byomkesh-v-sherlock/, Comparing Byomkesh Bakshi to Sherlock Holmes | Byomkesh.com â বà§à¦¯à§à¦®à¦à§à¦¶.à¦à¦®, 18 January 2010, Byomkesh.com, 19 February 2011, In many ways Bakshi was different from the “drug-addict” bachelor image that Holmes had. Bakshi was married and had few addictions except that of a cigarette. In many ways, Byomkesh’s character was distinctly different from that of Holmes. However both used deductions and were astute observers. In their character portrayal though the biggest difference lies. The frequently brooding trait in Holmes’ character was not found in the cheerful portrayal of Byomkesh Bakshi. The adventures of Bakshi was later developed into a television series that was aired in Doordarshan, India’s premier TV channel during those times, in the early 1990s. The series featuring Rajit Kapoor as Byomkesh Bakshi, telecast on the Doordarshan, inspired a lot of Indians to read the works of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and re-read the works of Saradindu Bandyopadhyay.TV
CSI: Crime Scene Investigation“>The highly popular featured an entire episode circling around the death of a man who held ‘mystery nights’ with a group of friends in which they roleplayed as Holmes characters and solved invented crimes; his basement was an exact replica of Sherlock Holmes’ 221B Baker Street parlour, and he emulated everything Holmes did in the books â from his smoking to his cocaine addiction. The episode was called “Who Shot Sherlock?”. CSI is also notable for the lead character, Gil Grissom (William Petersen), has more than a passing similarity to Sherlock Holmes.{{whom|date=July 2023}} Like Holmes, Grissom is dispassionate with a fierce devotion to logic and little regard for societal norms of behaviour; Grissom once smashed mustard jars in a grocery store to illustrate a theory,{{cn|date=July 2023}} much as Holmes once practiced spearing a pig in a butchers shop to determine how strong a man would have to be to transfix a man with a harpoon. Grissom also possesses a Moriarty-like nemesis, Paul Millander (Matt O’Toole), whom he pursues in several episodes.{{cn|date=July 2023}} Coincidentally, “Paul Millander” has the same initials as “Professor Moriarty.” There’s also a woman, Lady Heather Kessler (Melinda Clarke), in whom he takes an unusual interest. Their relationship is similar to that of Irene Adler and Holmes. Both Irene and Lady Heather enchant Holmes and Grissom with their beauty, their wit and their resolution. Lady Heather often wears Victorian-style dresses, referencing Holmes’s era. Whilst Grisoms replacement D.B. Russell’s (Ted Danson) official character sheet was described as “A west coast Sherlock Holmes who devours crime novels and looks at every crime scene as if it were a story waiting to be told”. Both Grissom and Russell work with their CSI partners Catherine Willows (Marg Helgenberger) and Julie Finlay (Elisabeth Shue), respectively (both the equivalent of Dr. John Watson) while both working under the Las Vegas Police Department’s Homicide Captain Jim Brass (Paul Guilfoyle) (the equivalent of Inspector Lestrade).House MD“>
House MD
According to series creator David Shore, Gregory House was inspired by the fictional character Sherlock Holmes, particularly about drug use and his desire (and capacity) to solve the unsolvable. House uses Holmesian deductive techniques to diagnose his patients’ problems. For example, references to Sherlock Holmes range from the obvious (House’s apartment number is 221B) to the subtle (his friendship with Dr. James Wilson and the similarities between House and Holmes, and Wilson and Watson). In the pilot episode, the patient’s last name was Adler, and in the last episode of season two, the man who shot House was Moriarty. House’s act of faking cancer in season three, episode fifteen, “Half-Wit,” is similar to the Holmes story, “The Adventure of the Dying Detective,” Holmes fakes a deadly eastern disease to catch a criminal. The character of Holmes, was in turn, based on a Doctor that Sir Arthur Conan Doyle knew while studying medicine, Dr. Joseph Bell, whose specialty was diagnosis. In season five, episode eleven, “Joy to the World,” Wilson presents House with Joseph Bell’s Manual of the Operations of Surgery as a Christmas gift. When House’s staff begins to wonder why he would throw away the expensive gift, an amused Wilson begins making up a story about House having a closeted infatuation with a patient named Irene Adler, who he will always consider to be “the one who got away.” One character, Irene Adler, was wrongly characterized as Sherlock Holmes’ love interest in several adaptations. Here, the one who got away parallels her was the one woman who defeated Sherlock Holmes, making Sherlock Holmes respect her. But he was never in love with her. The false story of Wilson about Irene Adler pays tribute to both of these facts. House also believed that his biological father was a family friend named Thomas Bell.WEB,www.factchecked.org/Downloads/LessonPlans/DeductionInduction/teacher.handout.2.guide.to.clinic.scene.pdf, House and Holmes: A Guide to Deductive and Inductive Reasoning, 25 June 2009, FactCheck,www.factchecked.org/Downloads/LessonPlans/DeductionInduction/teacher.handout.2.guide.to.clinic.scene.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20080807010831www.factchecked.org/Downloads/LessonPlans/DeductionInduction/teacher.handout.2.guide.to.clinic.scene.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20080807010831www.factchecked.org/Downloads/LessonPlans/DeductionInduction/teacher.handout.2.guide.to.clinic.scene.pdf, 7 August 2008, The resemblance is evident in House’s reliance on deductive reasoning and psychology, even where it might not seem obviously applicable and his reluctance to accept cases he finds uninteresting.Law & Order: Criminal Intent“>(Law & Order: Criminal Intent)
The character of Detective Robert Goren (Vincent D’Onofrio) is based on the popular fictional character of Sherlock Holmes, but instead of relying upon physical evidence like Holmes, Goren focuses on psychology to identify the perpetrators, whom he often draws into confessing or yielding condemning evidence. Goren also works with a John Watson like partner in Detective Alexandra Eames (Kathryn Erbe) and works for Inspector Lestrade type commanding officers Captain James Deakins (Jamey Sheridan) and Captain Danny Ross (Eric Bogosian). The character of (Nicole Wallace (Law & Order: Criminal Intent)|Nicole Wallace) (Olivia d’Abo) is a direct attempt to play on the part of Sherlock Holmes’ female antagonist Irene Adler, also known as “The Woman”. Wallace is employed as a “Professor of Literature” during her first appearance, which could be a parallel to Holmes’ nemesis Professor Moriarty.Monk“>Monk
Andy Breckman, head writer of Monk, admitted to copying Adrian Monk from Conan Doyle “almost as if I used a Xerox machine”.NEWS,select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F40612FF3A5F0C708DDDA90994DA404482, TV’s Damaged Detectives Are Sherlock’s Children, 13 October 2002, The New York Times, Hinson, Hal, The characters and basic structure of the series were inspired by the Sherlock Holmes mysteries. The character name “Adrian Monk” was intended to be unusual like that of Sherlock Holmes. Other characters correspond to Holmes characters: Sharona Fleming (a nurse) and Dr. John Watson; Captain Leland Stottlemeyer and Lieutenant Randall Disher (named Randall Deacon in the pilot) served much the same function on this show as did Inspector Lestrade in the Sherlock Holmes stories. This relationship may have inspired these characters’ names: taking the first two letters of each name in order â LE from “Leland”, ST from “Stottlemeyer”, RA from “Randall” and DE from “Deacon” â spells out “Lestrade”. (However, after the show’s pilot episode, Randy Deacon’s last name was changed to Disher.) There’s also Monk’s brother Ambrose and Mycroft Holmes (Sherlock’s brother) and Harold Krenshaw and James Moriarty (Holmes’ nemesis), (JM) initials shifted two characters to the left in the alphabet (HK). Also, on another side note, Monk’s second psychiatrist was called Dr. Bell. Sherlock Holmes was modeled on Dr Joseph Bell, a surgeon with outstanding deductive powers.Others
Sherlock Hemlock is a muppet character based on Sherlock Holmes, who appears on the American children’s programme Sesame Street.The pilot episode of the well-remembered series, Murder, She Wrote, starring Angela Lansbury, aired on 30 September 1984. The story had to do with her character, mystery writer Jessica Fletcher, searching out the murderer of Caleb McCallum (played by Brian Keith) who is killed at a masquerade party where he is dressed in deerstalker cap and cape-coat. It was titled “The Murder of Sherlock Holmes”.Although never directly stated, Psych is said to have been based on, or at least a parody of, Sherlock Holmes, with Shawn Spencer being Sherlock Holmes, Burton “Gus” Guster being Dr. John Watson, Henry Spencer being Mycroft Holmes, Police Chief Karen Vick being Inspector Lestrade, and “Mr. Yang” being Moriarty. When BBC’s Sherlock premiered in 2010, parallels were also drawn between Detective Juliet O’Hara and Molly Hooper, and between Detective Carlton Lassiter and Phillip Anderson and Sally Donovan.Many fans of the series The Mentalist believe that the series’ main character Patrick Jane is inspired by Sherlock Holmes. Jane can read a crime scene with his observation skills and uses his team as his own version of Dr. John Watson/Inspector Lestrade and has an enemy with Red John being Patrick’s own version of Professor James Moriarty.Animation
In Warner Bros. long-running Looney Tunes cartoon show, Daffy Duck did a turn as “Dorlock Holmes” in the episode “Deduce, You Say”,WEB,www.imdb.com/title/tt0049131/, Deduce, You Say, 29 September 1956, 20 April 2018, www.imdb.com, first shown in 1956. In this episode, Dorlock Holmes (festooned in deerstalker cap and residing on Beeker Street) and his assistant Watkins (played by Porky Pig) must track down the Shropshire Slasher.Several Dick Tracy animated cartoons centre around a white bulldog, helmeted like a London bobby, named Hemlock Holmes.Sherlock Holmes is extremely popular in Japan, and was an inspiration for the Japanese anime and manga, Case Closed (Detective Conan in Japan), where the main character, Jimmy Kudo (Shin’ichi Kudo), takes his pseudonym, Conan Edogawa, from two detective fiction authors, Edogawa Rampo and Arthur Conan Doyle. Incidentally Edogawa Rampo took his name from Edgar Allan Poe, the American writer known as the ‘Father’ of detective fiction. In addition, many of the characters of Detective Conan are inspired by characters from Doyle’s original canon. Most notably is that Kudo himself is a take on Sherlock Holmes. This connection is made even more obvious by the naming of some of its fictional locations like Beika City and Haido City named after Baker Street and Hyde Park respectively. The Kudo family residence is even located at no. 21 of the second block in Beika Town.Video games
The Other Guys has released in 2016 an app called Sherlock Holmes: Lost Detective. Divided into two seasons, the main character is a young Scotland Yard agent; in this game there is a professor of English literature claiming to be Sherlock Holmes. Originally for iOS and Android, at present time can be found only on iTunes.WEB,itunes.apple.com/it/app/sherlock-holmes-lost-detective/id971889003?mt=8, Sherlock Holmes: Lost Detective, iTunes, 13 August 2018, Doctor Watson: Mystery Cases (also Doctor Watson: Treasure Island) and Doctor Watson 2: The Riddle of the Catacombs are two casual games (hidden object games with 3D capabilities) released by German software house UIG in which the main character is loosely inspired by the original Watson. Holmes himself, however, does not appear.SecretBuilders Games has released in 2018 a casual game, Dr. Watson Mysteries â Hidden Objects Game, where the protagonist is Dr. Watson, not Sherlock Holmes, but it features many Conan Doyle’s stories such as The Hound of the Baskervilles, The Valley of Fear, The Speckled Band, The Silver Blaze, The Musgrave Ritual, The Gloria Scott, and The Copper Beeches.Crisp App Studios has developed a crime-comedy casual game named Sherlock Pug where the main character is an anthropomorphic dog who is also a police officer, assisted by a superhero (Super Al) to defeat the evil Skindiver who has seized Oddopolis; mainly targeted to a children audience, it is available on Steam and, freely, on Microsoft website.Manga
Throughout Gender-Swap at the Delinquent Academy, the main character Torao Kadoki occasionally dons a fake moustache and deerstalker hat to investigate mysteries as “Herlock Sholmes”.Audio
The Tale of the Giant Rat of Sumatra is a comedy album created by The Firesign Theatre featuring Hemlock Stones and Flotsam.See also
References
{{reflist}}Bibliography
- (File:CC-BY-SA icon.svg|50px) Text was copied from Influence of Sherlock Holmes at the Baker Street Wiki, which is released under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 (Unported) (CC-BY-SA 3.0) license.
- Peter Ridgway Watt, Joseph Green, The alternative Sherlock Holmes: pastiches, parodies, and copies, Ashgate Publishing, 2003, {{ISBN|0-7546-0882-4}}
- Bernard A. Drew, Literary afterlife: the posthumous continuations of 325 authors’ fictional characters, McFarland, 2009, {{ISBN|0-7864-4179-8}}, pp. 110â117
External links
- A Thoroughgoing Listing of Sherlockian Pastiche Novels:home.earthlink.net/~glennbranca/unclubables/id12.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090808185001home.earthlink.net/~glennbranca/unclubables/id12.html |date=8 August 2009 }}
- Sherlock Holmes and the Case of the Christmas Carol, a play by John Longenbaugh, world premiered at Taproot Theatre Company in Seattle in 2010
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