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{{short description|Television formats beyond HDTV}}{{redirect|Ultra HD|the video disc format|Ultra HD Blu-ray|the resolution commonly referred to as "Ultra HD"|4K resolution}}{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2020}}File:8K UHD, 5K, 4K UHD, FHD and SD.svg|300px|right|thumb|Comparison of 8K UHDTV, 4K UHDTV, HDTV and SDTV resolution]]File:CIExy1931 Rec 2020 and Rec 709.svg|300px|right|thumb|Diagram of the CIE 1931 color space that shows the Rec. 2020 (UHDTV) color space in the outer triangle and Rec. 709 (HDTV) color space in the inner triangle. Both Rec. 2020 and Rec. 709 use Illuminant D65 for the white pointwhite pointUltra-high-definition television (also known as Ultra HD television, Ultra HD, UHDTV, UHD and Super Hi-Vision) today includes 4K UHD and 8K UHD, which are two digital video formats with an aspect ratio of (16:9 aspect ratio|16:9). These were first proposed by NHK Science & Technology Research Laboratories and later defined and approved by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).{{Efn|Attributed to multiple sources:WEB,weblink Just how useful is 2160p aka 4K?, Alexander, Thomas, WEB,weblink Defining the Future of Television, June 19, 2013, BBC, NEWS,weblink Leading Television Industry Players Line Up To Support '4K Ultra HD', 18 December 2014, 11 November 2014, 2014 Press Releases, Consumer Electronics Association, NEWS,weblink YouTube now supports 4k-resolution videos, 18 December 2014, 9 July 2010, Josh, Lowensohn, Tech Culture, CNET, }}The Consumer Electronics Association announced on October 17, 2012, that "Ultra High Definition", or "Ultra HD", would be used for displays that have an aspect ratio of 16:9 or wider and at least one digital input capable of carrying and presenting native video at a minimum resolution of {{resx|3840×2160}}.{{citation|url=http://www.ultrahdtv.net/what-is-ultra-hdtv/|title=What is Ultra HDTV?|newspaper=Ultra HDTV Magazine|date=February 5, 2008 |access-date=October 27, 2013}}{{citation|url=http://www.ultrahdtv.net/the-ultimate-guide-to-4k-and-8k-ultra-hd/|title=The Ultimate Guide to 4K Ultra HD|newspaper=Ultra HDTV Magazine|date=July 28, 2013 |access-date=October 27, 2013}} In 2015, the Ultra HD Forum was created to bring together the end-to-end video production ecosystem to ensure interoperability and produce industry guidelines so that adoption of ultra-high-definition television could accelerate. From just 30 in Q3 2015, the forum published a list up to 55 commercial services available around the world offering 4K resolution.WEB,weblink List of commercially available UHD or 4K services – October 2016 – Ultra HD Forum, May 10, 2017, The "UHD Alliance", an industry consortium of content creators, distributors, and hardware manufacturers, announced during a Consumer Electronics Show (CES) 2016 press conference its "Ultra HD Premium" specification, which defines resolution, bit depth, color gamut, high dynamic range (HDR) performance required for Ultra HD (UHDTV) content and displays to carry their Ultra HD Premium logo.{{Efn|Attributed to multiple sources:WEB, UHD Alliance,weblink Members, 11 March 2015, PRESS RELEASE,weblink UHD Alliance Defines Premium Home Entertainment Experience, Business Wire, MAGAZINE,weblink 'UHD Alliance' finally decides what next-gen video actually is, Michael, Rundle, Wired, WEB,weblink UHD Alliance reveals its specs for 'premium' 4K TVs, July 19, 2019, WEB,weblink What is UHD Alliance Premium Certified?, }}

Alternative terms

Ultra-high-definition television is also known as Ultra HD, UHD, UHDTV, and 4K.NEWS, Ultra High Definition Television: Threshold of a new age, ITU,weblink May 24, 2012, July 31, 2012, NEWS, 4K and 8K UHDTV defined, EBU Technical,weblink May 19, 2012, July 31, 2012, NEWS, UHDTV to be name for both 4K and 8K television standard?, Techradar,weblink May 28, 2012, July 31, 2012, NEWS, Whatever happened to 4K? The rise of "Ultra HD" TV, Casey, Johnston, Ars Technica,weblink January 9, 2013, January 12, 2013, NEWS, Ultra HD TVs stole the show at CES 2013, but they're just part of the puzzle, Benjamin 'Ben', Drawbaugh, Engadget,weblink January 11, 2013, January 8, 2013, In Japan, 8K UHDTV will be known as Super Hi-Vision since Hi-Vision was the term used in Japan for HDTV.WEB, 'Super Hi-Vision' as Next-Generation Television and Its Video Parameters, Information Display,weblink 27 December 2012,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20181206053227weblink">weblink 6 December 2018, WEB, Super Hi-Vision: The Next Generation of TV, NHK,weblink 12 January 2013,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130725201624weblink">weblink 25 July 2013, In the consumer electronics market companies had previously only used the term 4K at the 2012 CES but that had changed to "Ultra HD" during CES 2013. "Ultra HD" was selected by the Consumer Electronics Association after extensive consumer research, as the term has also been established with the introduction of "Ultra HD Blu-ray".WEB, Ultra High-Def TV: Super-Sizing An Immersive Experience, Gary, Arlen, Consumer Electronics Association,weblink 6 January 2013, 17 January 2013,

Technical details

factoids

THE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD FOR SUPER HI-VISION TVURL=HTTP://WWW.NHK.OR.JP/PR/MARUKAJI/M-GIJU337.HTMLACCESS-DATE=AUGUST 29, 2012, | label1 = Number of pixels| data1 = 7680×4320| label2 = Aspect ratio| data2 = (16:9)| label3 = Viewing distance| data3 = 0.75 H| label4 = Viewing angle| data4 = 100°| label5 = Colorimetry| data5 = Rec. 2020| label6 = Frame rate| data6 = 120 Hz progressive| label7 = Bit depthRGB color model>RGB)| label8 = Audio system| data8 = 22.2 surround sound| label9 = Sampling rate| data9 = 48/96 kHz| label10 = Audio bit depth| data10 = 16/20/24 bits| label11 = Number of audio channels| data11 = 24 ch| label12 = Upper layer| data12 = 9 ch| label13 = Middle layer| data13 = 10 ch| label14 = Lower layer| data14 = 3 ch| label15 = LFE| data15 = 2 ch| label16 = Uncompressed video bit rate| data16 = 144 Gbit/s}}{{See also|Rec. 2020|DisplayPort#DisplayID|l2=DisplayPort: DisplayID}}

Resolution

Two resolutions are defined as UHDTV:

• UHDTV-1 is 3840 pixels wide by 2160 pixels tall (8.3 megapixels), which is four times as many pixels as the {{resx|1920×1080}} (2.07 megapixels) of current 1080p HDTV (full HDTV).
  • Also known as 2160p, and 4K UHD. Although roughly similar in resolution to 4K digital cinema formats, it should not be confused with other 4K resolutions such as the {{resx|4096×2160}} DCI 4K/Cinema 4K. The total number of pixels of RGB stripe type is 8.3 megapixels.
• UHDTV-2 is 7680 pixels wide by 4320 pixels tall (33.18 megapixels), also referred to as 4320p and 8K UHD, which is sixteen times as many pixels as current 1080p HDTV, which brings it closer to the detail level of 15/70 mm IMAX.{{citation|publisher=Dibeg|contribution-url=http://www.dibeg.org/news/previous_doc/0208BrazilSET/D012NHKreseach.pdfpage=39|contribution=Research Activities of NHK Science and Technical Research Laboratories|title=SET Open House|place=BR|year=2002}}{{citation|place=JP|url=http://www.nhk.or.jp/strl/publica/bt/en/fe0018.pdfpage=2|title=Progress on Large, Wide-screen Image Presentation|publisher=NHK STRL|journal=Broadcast Technology|number=18|date=Spring 2004}} NHK advertises the 8K UHDTV format with 22.2 surround sound as Super Hi-Vision, which can be broadcast with H.264 codecsweblink

Color space, dynamic range, frame rate and resolution/aliasing

The human visual system has a limited ability to discern improvements in resolution when picture elements are already small enough or distant enough from the viewer. At some home viewing distances and current TV sizes, HD resolution is near the limits of resolution for the eye and increasing resolution to 4K has little perceptual impact, if consumers are beyond the critical distance (Lechner distance) to appreciate the differences in pixel count between 4K and HD. One exception is that even if resolution surpasses the resolving ability of the human eye, there is still an improvement in the way the image appears due to higher resolutions reducing spatial aliasing.UHDTV provides other image enhancements in addition to pixel density. Specifically, dynamic range and color are greatly enhanced, and these impact saturation and contrast differences that are readily resolved greatly improve the experience of 4KTV compared to HDTV. UHDTV allows the future use of the new Rec. 2020 (UHDTV) color space which can reproduce colors that cannot be shown with the current Rec. 709 (HDTV) color space.In terms of CIE 1931 color space, the Rec. 2020 color space covers 75.8%, compared to coverage by the DCI-P3 digital cinema reference projector color space of just 53.6%, 52.1% by Adobe RGB color space, while the Rec. 709 color space covers only 35.9%. UHDTV's increases in dynamic range allow not only brighter highlights but also increased detail in the greyscale. UHDTV also allows for frame rates up to 120 frames per second (fps).NEWS, BT.2020: Parameter values for ultra high-definition television systems for production and international programme exchange, ITU,weblink August 23, 2012, August 24, 2012, UHDTV potentially allows Rec. 2020, higher dynamic range, and higher frame rates to work on HD services without increasing resolution to 4K, providing improved quality without as high of an increase in bandwidth demand.

History

2001–2005

(File:Fuji UHDTV prototype camera, 2006.jpg|thumb|right|Prototype camera head (2006))(File:8K Camera (2009 version).jpg|thumb|right|Prototype camera head (2009))The first displays capable of displaying 4K content appeared in 2001, as the IBM T220/T221 LCD monitors.NHK researchers built a UHDTV prototype which they demonstrated in 2003.JOURNAL,weblink Ultrahigh-Definition Video System with 4000 Scanning Lines, M, Kanazawa, SMPTE Motion Imaging, 2003, NHK, December 11, 2012,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120401180144weblink">weblink April 1, 2012, dead, etal, They used an array of 16 HDTV recorders with a total capacity of almost 3.5{{nbsp}}TB that could capture up to 18 minutes of test footage. The camera itself was built with four {{convert|2.5|inch|mm|adj=on}} CCDs, each with a resolution of only {{resx|3840×2048}}. Using two CCDs for green and one each for red and blue, they then used a spatial pixel offset method to bring it to {{resx|7680×4320}}.{{Efn|The resulting lines in the image alternate between pixels from the green-1 and red CCDs, and pixels from the blue and green-2 CCDs.}} Subsequently, an improved and more compact system was built using CMOS image sensor technologyBOOK, I, Takayanagi, 2003 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference, 2003. Digest of Technical Papers. ISSCC., A 1 1/4 inch 8.3M pixel digital output CMOS APS for UDTV application, February 2003, Proc. IEEE Int. Solid-State Circuits Conf, 1, 216–217, San Francisco, CA, etal, 10.1109/ISSCC.2003.1234273, 0-7803-7707-9, 6509705, and the CMOS image sensor system was demonstrated at Expo 2005, Aichi, Japan, the NAB 2006 and NAB 2007 conferences, Las Vegas, at IBC 2006 and IBC 2008,JOURNAL, Kris, Sangani, October 11, 2008, A game of leapfrog, Engineering & Technology, 3, 17, 8, 1750-9637,weblink October 31, 2008, 10.1049/et:20081720, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20090110085701weblink">weblink January 10, 2009, Amsterdam, Netherlands, and CES 2009. A review of the NAB 2006 demo was published in a broadcast engineering e-newsletter.JOURNAL, May 2, 2006, Ultra HD draws crowds, interest at NAB2006, BroadcastEngineering HD Technology Update E-newsletter,weblink February 14, 2007,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20070204023553weblink">weblink February 4, 2007, dead, Individuals at NHK and elsewhere projected that the timeframe for UHDTV to be available in domestic homes varied between 2015 and 2020 but Japan was to get it in the 2016 time frame.WEB,weblink INSIGHT – Super HD: Technology Jump?, November 2008, June 28, 2014, satmagazine.com, Satnews Publishers, Forrester, Chris,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130930143332weblink">weblink September 30, 2013, live,

2006–2010

On November 2, 2006, NHK demonstrated a live relay of a UHDTV program over a 260 kilometer distance by a fiber-optic network.JOURNAL,weblink World's First Live Relay Experiment of Super Hi-Vision, Broadcast Technology, NHK, 27 November 2023, Using dense wavelength division multiplex (DWDM), 24{{nbsp}}Gbit/s speed was achieved with a total of 16 different wavelength signals.On December 31, 2006, NHK demonstrated a live relay of their annual Kōhaku Uta Gassen over IP from Tokyo to a {{cvt|450|in|m}} screen in Osaka. Using a codec developed by NHK, the video was compressed from 24{{nbsp}}Gbit/s to 180{{ndash}}600{{nbsp}}Mbit/s and the audio was compressed from 28{{nbsp}}Mbit/s to 7{{ndash}}28{{nbsp}}Mbit/s.WEB,weblink Super Hi-Vision live relay over IP, January 15, 2008, April 3, 2007, JP, NHK, dead,weblink" title="archive.today/20120526074017weblink">weblink May 26, 2012, Uncompressed, a 20-minute broadcast would require roughly 4 TB of storage.The SMPTE first released Standard 2036 for UHDTV in 2007.NEWS, Beyond HD, Broadcast Engineering,weblink November 1, 2010, May 11, 2012, UHDTV was defined as having two levels, called UHDTV1 ({{resx|3840|2160}}) and UHDTV2 ({{resx|7680|4320}}).NEWS, More pixels, More immersive television experience, 7, EBU Technical, Hans, Hoffmann, 8–9,weblink March 1, 2011, May 11, 2012, In May 2007, the NHK did an indoor demonstration at the NHK Open House in which a UHDTV signal ({{resx|7680|4320}} at 60{{nbsp}}fps) was compressed to a 250{{nbsp}}Mbit/s MPEG2 stream.NEWS, Super Hi-Vision, EBU Technical, Masayuki, Sugawara, 5, Switzerland, CH,weblink December 21, 2012, The signal was input to a 300{{nbsp}}MHz wide band modulator and broadcast using a 500{{nbsp}}MHz QPSK modulation. This "on the air" transmission had a very limited range (less than 2 meters), but shows the feasibility of a satellite transmission in the 36,000{{nbsp}}km orbit.In 2008, Aptina Imaging announced the introduction of a new CMOS image sensor specifically designed for the NHK UHDTV project.PRESS RELEASE,weblink Aptina Imaging introduces new high-performance CMOS sensor for high-definition broadcasting video camera, During IBC 2008 Japan's NHK, Italy's RAI, BSkyB, Sony, Samsung, Panasonic Corporation, Sharp Corporation, and Toshiba (with various partners) demonstrated the first ever public live transmission of UHDTV, from London to the conference site in Amsterdam.WEB,weblink IBC Plans Two HD Firsts, October 3, 2008, September 18, 2008, AVS Forums, MAGAZINE, UK,weblink Live super-HD TV to debut at IBC, October 3, 2008, May 27, 2008, Broadcast Now, On June 9, 2010, Panasonic announced that its professional plasma display lineup would include an {{convert|152|inch|m|adj=on}} plasma display with 4K resolution. At the time of announcement, it was the largest 4K display and the largest television.PRESS RELEASE,weblink Panasonic to Launch the World's FirstUltra-Large Full HD 3D Professional Plasma Displays, January 16, 2021, June 9, 2010, On September 29, 2010, the NHK partnered up and recorded The Charlatans live in the UK in the UHDTV format, before broadcasting over the internet to Japan.NEWS, UK,weblink BBC, News, 'Historic' broadcast of super HD from UK to Japan, September 29, 2010,

2011

On May 19, 2011, Sharp in collaboration with NHK demonstrated a direct-view {{cvt|85|in|cm}} LCD display capable of {{resx|7680×4320}} pixels at 10 bits per channel.WEB, May 19, 2011,weblink En gadget, Sharp and NHK SHV display demonstrations, It was the first direct-view Super Hi-Vision-compatible display released.NEWS, Sharp and NHK Successfully Develop 85-Inch Direct-View LCD Compatible with Super Hi-Vision, a World First, Sharp,weblink May 19, 2011, October 5, 2012, Before 2011, UHDTV allowed for frame rates of 24, 25, 50, and 60{{nbsp}}fps. In an ITU-R meeting during 2011, an additional frame rate was added to UHDTV of 120{{nbsp}}fps.NEWS, Beyond HDTV AT ITU-R, 10, EBU Technical, David, Wood, 14,weblink CH, December 1, 2011, May 11, 2012,

2012

On February 23, 2012, NHK announced that with Shizuoka University they had developed an 8K sensor that can shoot video at 120{{nbsp}}fps.WEB, NHK developing 8K ultra HD image sensor that shoots at 120 fps, The Verge, Andrew, Websteron,weblink February 23, 2012, May 11, 2012, NEWS, NHK develops 8K camera sensor with 120FPS video, Electronista,weblink February 25, 2012, May 11, 2012, NEWS, Information, NHK,weblink February 23, 2012, May 11, 2012, In April 2012, Panasonic, in collaboration with NHK announced a {{cvt|145|in|cm}} display ({{resx|7680×4320}} at 60{{nbsp}}fps), which has 33.2 million 0.417{{nbsp}}mm square pixels.NEWS, 145-inch Ultra High Definition plasma display, DIGINFO TV,weblink April 28, 2012, August 1, 2012, In April 2012, the four major South Korean terrestrial broadcasters (KBS, MBC, SBS, and EBS) announced that in the future, they would begin test broadcasts of UHDTV on channel 66 in Seoul.NEWS, Progression of 3DTV and Ultra High Definition Television, Technical Review, 27,weblink June 1, 2012, September 22, 2012, NEWS, UHDTV Broadcasting Tested by Terrestrial Stations, etnews.com, Jun Ji-youn,weblink July 24, 2012, September 22, 2012, At the time of the announcement, the UHDTV technical details had not yet been decided. LG Electronics and Samsung are also involved in UHDTV test broadcasts.In May 2012, NHK showed the world's first ultra-high-definition shoulder-mount camera.NEWS, World's first Ultra High Definition shoulder-mount camera, DIGINFO TV,weblink May 23, 2012, August 1, 2012, By reducing the size and weight of the camera, the portability had been improved, making it more maneuverable than previous prototypes, so it could be used in a wide variety of shooting situations. The single-chip sensor uses a Bayer color-filter array, where only one color component is acquired per pixel. Researchers at NHK also developed a high-quality up-converter, which estimates the other two color components to convert the output into full resolution video.Also in May 2012, NHK showed the ultra-high-definition imaging system it has developed in conjunction with Shizuoka University, which outputs 33.2-megapixel video at 120{{nbsp}}fps with a color depth of 12{{nbsp}}bits per component.NEWS, NHK 33 Megapixel 120fps Ultra High Definition imaging system, DIGINFO TV,weblink May 25, 2012, August 1, 2012, NEWS, 120 Hz Super Hi-Vision Image Sensor, NHK,weblink October 5, 2012, As ultra-high-definition broadcasts at full resolution are designed for large, wall-sized displays, there is a possibility that fast-moving subjects may not be clear when shot at 60{{nbsp}}fps, so the option of 120{{nbsp}}fps has been standardized for these situations. To handle the sensor output of approximately 4 billion pixels per second with a data rate as high as 51.2{{nbsp}}Gbit/s, a faster analog-to-digital converter has been developed to process the data from the pixels, and then a high-speed output circuit distributes the resulting digital signals into 96 parallel channels. This {{convert|1.5|in|mm|abbr=on}} CMOS sensor is smaller and uses less power when compared to conventional ultra-high-definition sensors, and it is also the world's first to support the full specifications of the ultra-high-definition standard.During the 2012 Summer Olympics in Great Britain, the format was publicly showcased by the world's largest broadcaster, the BBC,WEB,weblink BBC: World's largest broadcaster & Most trusted media brand, which set up 15-meter-wide screens in London, Glasgow, and Bradford to allow viewers to see the Games in ultra-high definition.NEWS,weblink London, The Guardian, Mark, Sweney, BBC plans to use 3D and 'super hi-vision' for London Olympics, August 28, 2011, NEWS, London's digital Olympics,weblink The Telegraph, August 23, 2012, On May 31, 2012,NEWS, Sony releases world's first 4K home theater projector, gizmag.com,weblink May 31, 2012, August 29, 2012, Sony released the VPL-VW1000ES 4K 3D Projector,NEWS, Sony 4K home theater projector, sony.com,weblink December 19, 2011, August 29, 2012, the world's first consumer-prosumer projector using the 4K UHDTV system, with the shutter-glasses stereoscopic 3D technology priced at US$24,999.99.NEWS, Projector Central, projectorcentral.com,weblink August 29, 2012, August 29, 2012, NEWS, B & H Photo Video, bhphotovideo.com,weblink February 29, 2012, August 29, 2012, On August 22, 2012, LG announced the world's first 3D UHDTV using the 4K system.NEWS, LG launches world's first 84-inch UD 3D TV with unparallel picture quality, LG Newsroom,weblink August 22, 2012, August 24, 2012, On August 23, 2012, UHDTV was officially approved as a standard by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), standardizing both 4K and 8K resolutions for the format in ITU-R Recommendation BT.2020.NEWS, TV with 16 times resolution of HDTV passed by UN standards body, Techworld, Jay, Alabaster,weblink August 23, 2012, August 24, 2012, On September 15, 2012, David Wood, Deputy Director of the EBU Technology and Development Department (who chairs the ITU working group that created Rec. 2020), told The Hollywood Reporter that South Korea plans to begin test broadcasts of 4K UHDTV next year.NEWS, Forget HDTV, Because Ultra-HDTV Is on the Horizon, The Hollywood Reporter, Carolyn, Giardina,weblink September 15, 2012, September 16, 2012, NEWS, David Wood, Contributor to 8K TV System Recommendation, to Receive SMPTE Progress Medal, The Hollywood Reporter,weblink September 3, 2012, September 16, 2012, NEWS, Awards: EBU department deputy head recognised as technology leader, EBU,weblink September 12, 2011, September 16, 2012, Wood also said that many broadcasters have the opinion that going from HDTV to 8K UHDTV is too much of a leap and that it would be better to start with 4K UHDTV. In the same article, Masakazu Iwaki, NHK Research senior manager, said that the NHK plan to go with 8K UHDTV is for economic reasons since directly going to 8K UHDTV would avoid an additional transition from 4K UHDTV to 8K UHDTV.On October 18, 2012, the Consumer Electronics Association (CEA) announced that it had been unanimously agreed by the CEA's Board of Industry Leaders that the term "Ultra High-Definition", or "Ultra HD", would be used for displays that have a resolution of at least 8 megapixels with a vertical resolution of at least 2,160 pixels and a horizontal resolution of at least 3,840 pixels.NEWS, Consumer Electronics Industry Announces Ultra High-Definition, Consumer Electronics Association,weblink October 18, 2012, October 20, 2012,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20160529142543weblink">weblink 29 May 2016, MAGAZINE, CEA Votes for Ultra High-Definition, Broadcasting & Cable,weblink George, Winslow, October 18, 2012, October 20, 2012, NEWS, Consumer Electronics Association Gives 4K a Name, Home Media Magazine,weblink Chris, Tribbey, October 18, 2012, October 22, 2012, MAGAZINE, 4K Technology Renamed 'Ultra High-Definition', PC Magazine,weblink Stephanie, Mlot, October 19, 2012, December 11, 2012, The Ultra HD label also requires the display to have an aspect ratio of 16:9 or wider and to have at least one digital input that can carry and present a native video signal of {{resx|3840×2160}} without having to rely on a video scaler. Sony announced they would market their 4K products as 4K Ultra High-Definition (4K UHD).WEB, Sony bucks Ultra High-Definition name, to use '4K UHD' instead, The Verge,weblink D'Orazio, Dante, October 19, 2012, October 22, 2012, On October 23, 2012, Ortus Technology Co., Ltd announced the development of the world's smallest {{resx|3840×2160}} pixel LCD panel with a size of {{cvt|9.6|in|cm}} and a pixel density of 458{{nbsp}}px/in.NEWS, Announce"World's smallest size 4K2K"Color TFT LCD, Ortustech,weblink October 23, 2012, October 27, 2012, NEWS, Japanese Firm Announces 'World's Smallest' 4k2k LCD Panel, Tech-On,weblink Shinya, Saeki, October 25, 2012, October 27, 2012, NEWS, Ortus shows 9.6-inch LCD panel with 4K resolution, Electronista,weblink October 25, 2012, October 27, 2012, The LCD panel is designed for medical equipment and professional video equipment.On October 25, 2012, LG Electronics began selling the first flat panel Ultra HD display in the United States with a resolution of {{resx|3840x2160}}.NEWS, LG's 84-inch 4K ultra high definition TV goes on sale in the US next month for $19,999, Engadget,weblink Richard, Lawler, September 6, 2012, October 26, 2012, NEWS, New Ultra HD TVs arrive in stores, USA Today,weblink Mike, Snider, October 25, 2012, October 26, 2012, NEWS, Street Price set at $16,999 for LG's 84-in 4K Ultra HD TV, CEPro,weblink Julie, Jacobson, October 25, 2012, October 26, 2012, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20140102195615weblink">weblink January 2, 2014, The LG 84LM9600 is an {{convert|84|in|cm|abbr=on}} flat panel LED-backlit LCD display with a price of US$19,999 though the retail store was selling it for US$16,999.On November 29, 2012, Sony announced the 4K Ultra HD Video Player—a hard disk server preloaded with ten 4K movies and several 4K video clips that they planned to include with the Sony XBR-84X900.NEWS, Sony's First Collection of 4K Ultra HD Content for the Home Now Available For Consumers, Sony,weblink November 29, 2012, November 29, 2012, NEWS, Sony's First Collection of 4K Ultra HD Content for the Home Now Available For Consumers, PRNewswire,weblink November 29, 2012, November 29, 2012, NEWS, Sony's 4K Ultra HD Video Player revealed, COO Phil Molyneux tells us what 'only Sony can do', Richard, Lawler, Engadget,weblink November 29, 2012, November 29, 2012, The preloaded 4K movies are The Amazing Spider-Man, Total Recall (2012), The Karate Kid (2010), Salt, (Battle: Los Angeles), The Other Guys, Bad Teacher, That's My Boy, Taxi Driver, and The Bridge on the River Kwai. Additional 4K movies and 4K video clips will be offered for the 4K Ultra HD Video Player in the future .On November 30, 2012, Red Digital Cinema Camera Company announced that they were taking pre-orders for the US$1,450 REDRAY 4K Cinema Player, which can output 4K resolution to a single 4K display or to four 1080p displays arranged in any configuration via four HDMI{{nbsp}}1.4 connections.NEWS, REDRAY 4K Cinema Player, Red Digital Cinema,weblink November 30, 2012, December 1, 2012, NEWS, Redray 4K Cinema Player is ready to pre-order: $1,450 for high-res, high framerate home viewing, Engadget,weblink Richard, Lawler, November 30, 2012, December 7, 2012, Video output can be DCI 4K ({{resx|4096×2160}}), 4K Ultra HD, 1080p, and 720p at frame rates of up to 60{{nbsp}}fps with a color depth of up to 12{{nbsp}}bpc with 4:2:2 chroma subsampling. Audio output can be up to 7.1 channels. Content is distributed online using the ODEMAX video service. External storage can be connected using eSATA, Ethernet, USB, or a Secure Digital memory card.

2013

On January 6, 2013, the NHK announced that Super Hi-Vision satellite broadcasts could begin in Japan in 2016.MAGAZINE, Japan's NHK eyes 8K TV broadcasting from 2016, Martyn, Williams, PC World,weblink January 6, 2013, January 23, 2013, On January 7, 2013, Eutelsat announced the first dedicated 4K Ultra HD channel.NEWS, Eutelsat Launches Europe's First Dedicated Ultra HD (4K) Channel, PRNewswire,weblink January 7, 2013, January 8, 2013, NEWS, Eutelsat Launches Europe's First Dedicated Ultra HD (4K) Channel, Eutelsat,weblink January 7, 2013, January 8, 2013, NEWS, First Ultra HD channel goes live in Europe, Ben, Drawbaugh, Engadget,weblink January 14, 2013, January 15, 2013, NEWS, Eutelsat provides Europe's first ultra HD channel, Philip, Hunter, Broadcast Engineering,weblink January 11, 2013, January 15, 2013, Ateme uplinks the H.264/MPEG-4 AVC channel to the EUTELSAT 10A satellite. The 4K Ultra HD channel has a frame rate of 50{{nbsp}}fps and is encoded at 40{{nbsp}}Mbit/s. The channel started transmission on January 8, 2013. On the same day Qualcomm CEO Paul Jacobs announced that mobile devices capable of playing and recording 4K Ultra HD video would be released in 2013{{update inline|date=August 2015}} using the Snapdragon 800 chip.NEWS, Snapdragon 800 Series and 600 Processors Unveiled, Raj, Talluri, Qualcomm,weblink January 7, 2013, January 10, 2013, MAGAZINE, Mobiles that capture 4K 'Ultra HD' coming this year, confirms Qualcomm CEO, Nate, Lanxon, Wired (website), Wired,weblink January 8, 2013, January 10, 2013, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130111024642weblink">weblink January 11, 2013, NEWS, Qualcomm unveils Snapdragon 800 chips, aimed at 'premium' mobiles, Charlie, Osborne, ZDNet,weblink January 8, 2013, January 10, 2013, On January 8, 2013, Broadcom announced the BCM7445, an Ultra HD decoding chip capable of decoding High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) at up to {{resx|4096|2160}} at 60{{nbsp}}fps.NEWS, BCM7445, Broadcom,weblink January 8, 2013, NEWS, Broadcom Unveils World's First UltraHD TV Home Gateway Chip, Broadcom,weblink January 8, 2013, January 8, 2013, NEWS, Broadcom's new ARM-based chip boosts Ultra HD TV into living rooms of the future, Joseph, Volpe, Engadget,weblink January 8, 2013, January 8, 2013, NEWS, Broadcom unveils first Ultra HD TV home gateway chip, Dean, Takahashi, VentureBeat,weblink January 8, 2013, January 8, 2013, The BCM7445 is a 28{{nbsp}}nm ARM architecture chip capable of 21,000 Dhrystone MIPS with volume production estimated for the middle of 2014. On the same day THX announced the "THX 4K Certification" program for Ultra HD displays.NEWS, THX Unveils New 4K Certification Program for Ultra High-Definition Displays, THX,weblink January 8, 2013, January 12, 2013, NEWS, THX Unveils New 4K Certification Program for Ultra High-Definition Displays, Yahoo! Finance,weblink January 8, 2013, January 12, 2013, NEWS, THX Unveils New 4K Certification Program for Ultra High-Definition Displays, Business Wire,weblink January 8, 2013, January 12, 2013, The certification involves up to 600 tests and the goal of the program is so that "content viewed on a THX Certified Ultra HD display meets the most exacting video standards achievable in a consumer television today".On January 14, 2013, Blu-ray Disc Association president Andy Parsons stated that a task force created three months ago is studying an extension to the Blu-ray Disc specification that would add support for 4K Ultra HD video.MAGAZINE, Blu-ray looks ahead to 4K, Perenson, Melissa J., PC World,weblink January 14, 2013, January 17, 2013, NEWS, Ultra HD Blu-ray discs being researched by the BDA, Gareth, Halfacree, expertreviews.co.uk,weblink January 16, 2013, January 17, 2013, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130118042748weblink">weblink January 18, 2013, On January 25, 2013, the BBC announced that the BBC Natural History Unit would produce Survival—the first wildlife TV series recorded in 4K resolution. This was announced after the BBC had experimented with 8K during the London Olympics.NEWS, HD? 3D? No, the future of television is 4K – and it's brought to you by some very sharp meerkats, Ian, Burrell, The Independent,weblink January 25, 2013, January 28, 2013, NEWS, Meerkats to go Ultra HD in BBC's first 4K broadcast, Kate, Solomon, TechRadar,weblink January 28, 2013, January 28, 2013, On January 27, 2013, Asahi Shimbun reported that 4K Ultra HD satellite broadcasts would start in Japan with the 2014 FIFA World Cup.WEB, Japan promised Ultra HD TV broadcasts two years early, Tony, Smith, The Register,weblink January 28, 2013, January 28, 2013, NEWS, Japan wants to bring 4K Ultra HD broadcasts to televisions by next year, Ricardo, Bilton, VentureBeat,weblink January 27, 2013, January 28, 2013, Japan's Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications decided on this move to stimulate demand for 4K Ultra HD TVs.On February 21, 2013, Sony announced that the PlayStation 4 would support 4K resolution output for photos and videos but wouldn't render games at that resolution.NEWS, PS4 will output video in 4K, but not games, JC, Fletcher, Joystiq,weblink February 21, 2013, February 21, 2013, WEB, PS4 will support 4K for 'personal contents' like photos, but not games, Alexa Ray Corriea, Polygon (website), Polygon,weblink February 21, 2013, February 21, 2013, On March 26, 2013, the Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) announced a call for proposals for the ATSC 3.0 physical layer that specifies support for {{resx|3840|2160}} resolution at 60{{nbsp}}fps.NEWS, Call for Proposals for ATSC-3.0 Physical Layer, Advanced Television Systems Committee,weblink March 26, 2013, April 15, 2013, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130509105751weblink">weblink May 9, 2013, NEWS, Advanced Television Systems Committee Invites Proposals for Next-Generation TV Broadcasting Technologies, Advanced Television Systems Committee,weblink March 26, 2013, April 15, 2013, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130401051516weblink">weblink April 1, 2013, NEWS, ATSC seeks proposals for ATSC 3.0 physical layer, Broadcast Engineering,weblink March 27, 2013, April 15, 2013, MAGAZINE, ATSC Seeks Next-Gen TV Physical Layer Proposals, Doug, Lung, TV Technology,weblink March 28, 2013, April 15, 2013, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130520070147weblink">weblink May 20, 2013, On April 11, 2013, Bulb TV created by Canadian entrepreneur Evan Kosiner became the first broadcaster to provide a 4K linear channel and VOD content to cable and satellite companies in North America.WEB,weblink Canadian Serial Entrepreneur to Launch First 4,000-pixel Television Signal, Bulb TV, 11 April 2013, 12 November 2013, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130812145554weblink">weblink 12 August 2013, WEB,weblink Young media mogul granted TV licence, 12 April 2013, 12 November 2013, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130514073746weblink">weblink 14 May 2013, WEB,weblink Canadian Cat B Channel Plans 4K Video Feed, 16 April 2013, 12 November 2013, WEB,weblink Bulb TV to turn on 4k, 12 April 2013, 12 November 2013, The channel is licensed by the Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission to provide educational content.WEB, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2012-268,weblink CRTC.gc.ca, Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission, Evan, Kosiner, May 4, 2012, March 13, 2015, On April 19, 2013, SES announced the first Ultra HD transmission using the HEVC standard.NEWS, SES to pioneer first Ultra HD transmission in new standard at SES Industry Days, SES S.A.,weblink April 19, 2013, April 19, 2013, NEWS, SES to pioneer first Ultra HD transmission in new standard at SES Industry Days, Yahoo Finance,weblink April 19, 2013, April 19, 2013, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20140102192834weblink">weblink January 2, 2014, NEWS, SES UltraHD transmission via satellite and HEVC compression successful, Michael, Grotticelli, Broadcast Engineering,weblink April 19, 2013, April 19, 2013, The transmission had a resolution of {{resx|3840|2160}} and a bit rate of 20{{nbsp}}Mbit/s.On May 9, 2013, NHK and Mitsubishi Electric announced that they had jointly developed the first HEVC encoder for 8K Ultra HD TV, which is also called Super Hi-Vision (SHV).NEWS, NHK and Mitsubishi Develop First HEVC encoder for 8K Super Hi-Vision, CDRinfo,weblink May 9, 2013, May 9, 2013, NEWS, NHK and Mitsubishi develop the first H.265 encoder for 8K video, Jon, Fingas, Engadget,weblink May 9, 2013, May 9, 2013, NEWS, NHK and Mitsubishi Electric Corporation successfully develop World's First HEVC encoder for 8K "Super Hi-Vision", Mitsubishi Electric,weblink May 9, 2013, May 9, 2013, NEWS, NHK and Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Successfully Develop World's First HEVC Encoder for 8K "Super Hi-Vision", Yahoo, Finance,weblink May 9, 2013, May 9, 2013, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20140102192718weblink">weblink January 2, 2014, The HEVC encoder supports the Main 10 profile at Level 6.1 allowing it to encode 10{{nbsp}}bpc video with a resolution of {{resx|7680|4320}} at 60{{nbsp}}fps. The HEVC encoder has 17 3G-SDI inputs and uses 17 boards for parallel processing with each board encoding a row of {{resx|7680|256}} pixels to allow for real time video encoding. The HEVC encoder is compliant with draft 4 of the HEVC standard and has a maximum bit rate of 340{{nbsp}}Mbit/s.NEWS, Super Hi-Vision HEVC Real-time Encoder, NHK,weblink May 17, 2013, The HEVC encoder was shown at the NHK Science & Technology Research Laboratories Open House 2013 that took place from 30 May to June 2.NEWS, Open House, 2013, NHK,weblink May 9, 2013, At the NHK Open House 2013 the HEVC encoder used a bit rate of 85{{nbsp}}Mbit/s, which gives a compression ratio of {{ratio|350:1}}.NEWS, 8K Ultra HD compact camera and H.265 encoder developed by NHK with UHD trial broadcasts slated for 2016, Diginfo TV,weblink May 31, 2013, June 5, 2013, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130603001013weblink">weblink June 3, 2013, NEWS, 8K Ultra HD compact camera and H.265 encoder developed by NHK #DigInfo, YouTube,weblinkweblink 2021-11-04, live, May 31, 2013, June 5, 2013, {{cbignore}}On May 21, 2013, Microsoft announced the Xbox One, which supports 4K resolution ({{resx|3840|2160}}) video output and 7.1 surround sound.NEWS, Xbox One Hardware and Specs: 8-Core CPU, 8 GB RAM, 500 GB Hard Drive and More, Sharif, Sakr, Engadget,weblink May 21, 2013, May 21, 2013, NEWS, Microsoft's Mehdi: Xbox One Can Do 4K Gaming; More Original Content Coming, Matthew 'Matt', Hickey, Forbes,weblink May 21, 2013, May 21, 2013, NEWS, Microsoft Unveils Xbox One: The One and Only Machine One Needs in the Living Room, Anton, Shilov, Xbit,weblink May 21, 2013, May 21, 2013, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130609120947weblink">weblink June 9, 2013, Yusuf Mehdi, corporate vice president of marketing and strategy for Microsoft, has stated that there is no hardware restriction that would prevent Xbox One games from running at 4K resolution.On May 30, 2013, Eye IO announced that their encoding technology was licensed by Sony Pictures Entertainment to deliver 4K Ultra HD video.NEWS, eyeIO Delivers Unprecedented Viewing Experience for Sony Pictures Content on Sony 4K UltraHD TVs, Eye IO,weblink May 30, 2013, June 5, 2013, NEWS, Sony Gears Up for 4K Ultra HD Internet Movie Service, Todd, Sprangler, Variety (magazine), Variety,weblink May 30, 2013, June 5, 2013, Eye IO encodes their video assets at {{resx|3840|2160}} and includes support for the xvYCC color space.In mid-2013, a Chinese television manufacturer produced the first 50-inch UHD television set costing less than $1,000.WEB,weblink Meet the First 4K TV to Cost Under $1,000, Fox Van Allen, March 16, 2014, On June 11, 2013, Comcast announced that they had demonstrated the first public U.S.-based delivery of 4K Ultra HD video at the 2013 NCTA show.WEB, Comcast Harnesses the Power of Its Network to Demonstrate the Future of Broadband Speed and 4K Ultra HD Video, MarketWatch,weblink June 11, 2013, June 14, 2013, NEWS, Comcast Debuts First Public U.S.-Based Delivery of 4K Ultra HD at NCTA 2013, Anthony 'Tony', Werner, Comcast,weblink June 11, 2013, June 14, 2013, The demonstration included segments from Oblivion, Defiance, and nature content sent over a DOCSIS 3.0 network.On June 13, 2013, ESPN announced that they would end the broadcast of the ESPN 3D channel by the end of that year and would "...experiment with things like UHDTV."NEWS, With ESPN out, is 3-D TV dead?, Douglas 'Doug', Gross, CNN,weblink June 11, 2013, June 14, 2013, On June 26, 2013, Sharp announced the LC-70UD1U, which is a {{cvt|70|in|cm}} 4K Ultra HD TV.NEWS, Sharp® Unveils AQUOS® Ultra HD LED TV, PRNewswire,weblink June 26, 2013, June 27, 2013, NEWS, Sharp Unveils First THX-Certified Ultra HD TV, Home Theater,weblink June 26, 2013, June 27, 2013, The LC-70UD1U is the world's first TV with THX 4K certification.On July 2, 2013, Jimmy Kimmel Live! recorded in 4K Ultra HD a performance by musical guest Karmin, and the video clip was used as demonstration material at Sony stores.MAGAZINE, 'Jimmy Kimmel Live' Films Karmin Performance in 'Ultra HD', Carolyn, Giardina, The Hollywood Reporter,weblink July 3, 2013, July 3, 2013, On July 3, 2013, Sony announced the release of their 4K Ultra HD Media Player with a price of US$7.99 for rentals and US$29.99 for purchases.NEWS, Announcing: Sony's First All 4K Ultra HD Media Player and Content Download Service, Katie, Sony,weblink July 3, 2013, July 9, 2013, WEB, Sony's 4K Ultra HD player now available, rentals to cost $7.99 with purchases priced at $29.99, Chris, Welch, The Verge,weblink July 3, 2013, July 9, 2013, The 4K Ultra HD Media Player only worked with Sony's 4K Ultra HD TVs.On July 15, 2013, the CTA published CTA-861-F, a standard that applies to interfaces such as DVI, HDMI, and LVDS.NEWS, CEA Announces Publication of New DTV Interface Standard, Business Wire,weblink July 15, 2013, July 17, 2013, The CTA-861-F standard adds support for several Ultra HD video formats and additional color spaces.On September 2, 2013 Acer announced the first smartphone, dubbed Liquid S2, capable of recording 4K video.{{citation|newspaper=Phone arena|url=http://www.phonearena.com/news/4K-video-recording-with-a-mobile-Acer-Liquid-S2-6-phablet-arrives_id46966|title=4K video recording with a mobile: Acer Liquid S2 6 phablet arrives|date=September 4, 2013 }}On September 4, 2013, the HDMI Forum released the HDMI 2.0 specification, which supports 4K resolution at 60{{nbsp}}fps.NEWS,weblink HDMI Forum releases version 2.0 of the HDMI specification, HDMI forum, September 4, 2013, September 4, 2013, On the same day, Panasonic announced the Panasonic TC-L65WT600—the first 4K TV to support 4K resolution at 60{{nbsp}}FPS.WEB, Panasonic 65WT600 4K Ultra HD TV is the first to boast HDMI 2.0 and 60fps, Nicholas 'Nick', Hide, CNET,weblink September 4, 2013, September 4, 2013, NEWS, Panasonic TX-L65WT600 is world's first 4K TV with HDMI 2.0, Vincent, Teoh, HDTVtest,weblink September 4, 2013, September 4, 2013, The Panasonic TC-L65WT600 has a {{cvt|65|in|cm}} screen, support for DisplayPort{{nbsp}}1.2a, support for HDMI{{nbsp}}2.0, an expected ship date of October, and a suggested retail price of US$5,999.On September 12–17, 2013,WEB,weblink IBC2014 – IBC2013 Conference Dates, ibc.org, 17 April 2014, 17 April 2014,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20140417183832weblink">weblink 17 April 2014, live, at the 2013 IBC Conference in Amsterdam, Nagra introduced an Ultra HD User Interface called Project Ultra based on HTML5, which works with OpenTV 5.WEB,weblink IBC: Nagra Demoes Project Ultra, broadcastingcable.com, September 16, 2013, OpenTV, April 17, 2014, George, Winslow,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20140417184346weblink">weblink April 17, 2014, live, On October 4, 2013, DigitalEurope announced the requirements for their UHD logo in Europe.NEWS, 4K TVs Allowed To Display UHD Logo Without Ultra HD Colour Space, Michael 'Mike', Wheatley, HDTVtest,weblink October 4, 2013, October 19, 2013, The DigitalEurope UHD logo requires that the display support a resolution of at least {{resx|3840|2160}}, a {{ratio|16|9}} aspect ratio, the Rec. 709 (HDTV) color space, 8{{nbsp}}bpc color depth, a frame rate of 24, 25, 30, 50, or 60{{nbsp}}fps, and at least 2-channel audio.On October 29, 2013, Elemental Technologies announced support for real-time 4K Ultra HD HEVC video processing. Elemental provided live video streaming of the 2013 Osaka Marathon on October 27, 2013, in a workflow designed by K-Opticom, a telecommunications operator in Japan. Live coverage of the race in 4K Ultra HD was available to viewers at the International Exhibition Center in Osaka. This transmission of 4K Ultra HD HEVC video in real-time was an industry-first.NEWS, Elemental Technologies hails world's first real-time 4K HEVC transmission, Sports Video Group, Europe,weblink October 30, 2013, November 7, 2013, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20140108190435weblink">weblink January 8, 2014, On November 28, 2013, Organizing Committee of the XXII Olympic Winter Games and XI Paralympic Winter Games 2014 in Sochi chief Dmitri Chernyshenko stated that the 2014 Olympic Winter Games would be shot in 8K Super Hi-Vision.{{citation|url=http://tasstelecom.ru/news/one/26042|title=Tass telecom|place=RU}}On December 25, 2013, YouTube added a "2160p 4K" option to its videoplayer. Previously, a visitor had to select the "original" setting in the video quality menu to watch a video in 4K resolution. With the new setting, YouTube users can much more easily identify and play 4K videos.WEB,weblink YouTube Adds "2160p 4K" Option To Video Quality Settings, December 25, 2013, January 21, 2014, On December 30, 2013, Samsung announced availability of its {{cvt|110|in|cm}} Ultra HDTV for custom orders, making this the world's largest Ultra HDTV so far.WEB,weblink Samsung's 110-inch Ultra HDTV is the world's largest, and it goes on sale Monday, December 30, 2013, December 30, 2013,

2014

On January 22, 2014, European Southern Observatory became the first scientific organization to deliver Ultra HD footage at regular intervals.NEWS, Ultra HD Adds a New Dimension to ESO Videos,weblink 6 February 2014, ESO Announcement, On May 6, 2014, France announcedWEB,weblink CSA.fr - Ultra haute définition (UHD) : réponse au HD Forum / Décisions du CSA / Espace juridique / Accueil, CSA, DVB-T2 tests in Paris for Ultra HD HEVC broadcast with objectives to replace by 2020 the current DVB-T MPEG4 HD national broadcast.On May 26, 2014, satellite operator Eutelsat announcedWEB,weblink Eutelsat steps up Ultra HD activity with first demo channel broadcasting in HEVC at 50 frames per second, cegli, the launch of Europe's first Ultra HD demo channel in HEVC, broadcasting at 50{{nbsp}}fps. The channel is available on the Hot Bird satellites and can be watched by viewers with 4K TVs equipped with DVB-S2 demodulators and HEVC decoders.In June 2014, the FIFA World Cup of that year (held in Brazil) became the first shot entirely in 4K Ultra HD, by Sony. The European Broadcasting Union (EBU) broadcast matches of the FIFA World Cup to audiences in North America, Latin America, Europe and Asia in Ultra HD via SES' NSS-7 and SES-6 satellites.PRESS RELEASE, SES, June 17, 2014,weblink SES AND EBU BROADCAST 2014 FIFA WORLD CUP IN ULTRA HD, June 29, 2014, Indian satellite TV provider unveils its plan to launch 4K UHD service early in 2015 and showcased live FIFA World Cup quarter final match in 4K UHD through Sony Entertainment Television Sony SIX.WEB,weblink Tata Sky unveils plans for 4K set top box, 5 July 2014, On June 24, 2014, the CEA updated the guidelines for Ultra High-Definition and released guidelines for Connected Ultra High-Definition, adding support for internet video delivered with HEVC.NEWS, CEA Updates Characteristics for Ultra High-Definition Displays, Consumer Electronics Association,weblink June 24, 2014, August 16, 2014, NEWS, CEA Expands Ultra HD TV Terminology, Twice (magazine), TWICE,weblink July 7, 2014, August 16, 2014, The CEA is developing a UHD logo for voluntary use by companies that make products that meet CEA guidelines. The CEA also clarified that "Ultra High-Definition", "Ultra HD", or "UHD" can be used with other modifiers and gave an example with "Ultra High-Definition TV 4K".On July 15, 2014, Researchers from the University of Essex both captured and delivered its graduation ceremonies in 4K UHDTV over the internet using H.264 in realtime.WEB, Live 4K Ultra-High Definition Graduation,weblink 21 July 2014: i++ School Newsletter, 24 July 2015, WEB, Essex scientists give insight into future of ultra-HDTV live stream technology, Events at Essex,weblink 24 July 2015, The 4K video stream was published at 8{{nbsp}}Mbit/s and 14{{nbsp}}Mbit/s for all its 11 ceremonies, with people viewing in from countries such as Cyprus, Bulgaria, Germany, Australia, UK, and others.On September 4, 2014, Canon Inc. announced that a firmware upgrade would add Rec. 2020 color space support to their EOS C500 and EOS C500 PL camera models and their DP-V3010 4K display.WEB, Free Canon Firmware for Cinema EOS System Cameras Delivers Improved Basic Performance, Including Support for ITU-R BT.2020 Color Space, MarketWatch,weblink September 4, 2014, September 6, 2014, NEWS, Free Canon Firmware Upgrade for DP-V3010 30-Inch 4K Professional Display Enables Confirmation of ITU-R BT.2020 Color Gamut Video Content, Business Wire,weblink September 4, 2014, September 6, 2014, On September 4, 2014, Microsoft announced a firmware update for the Microsoft Lumia 1020, 930, Icon, and 1520 phones that adds 4K video recording. The update was later released by the individual phone carriers over the following weeks and months after the announcement.NEWS, Lumia Denim firmware announced by Microsoft, brings 4K-quality video and more,weblink 4 September 2014, Windows Central, On September 5, 2014, the Blu-ray Disc Association announced that the 4K Blu-ray Disc specification supports 4K video at 60{{nbsp}}fps, High Efficiency Video Coding, the Rec. 2020 color space, high dynamic range, and 10{{nbsp}}bpc color depth.WEB, 4K Blu-ray discs arriving in 2015 to fight streaming media, CNET,weblink September 5, 2014, September 6, 2014, NEWS, BDA Updates Blu-ray 4K Timeline, Home Media Magazine,weblinkweblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20140906223337weblink">weblink dead, September 6, 2014, September 5, 2014, September 6, 2014, 4K Blu-ray Disc will have a data rate of at least 50{{nbsp}}Mbit/s and may include support for 66{{nbsp}}GB and 100{{nbsp}}GB discs. 4K Blu-ray Disc began licensing in 2015, with 4K Blu-ray Disc players released late that year.On September 5, 2014, DigitalEurope released an Ultra HD logo for companies that meet their technical requirements.NEWS, DIGITALEUROPE launches Ultra High Definition logo for new generation of screens on 5 September at IFA, DigitalEurope,weblink September 5, 2014, September 6, 2014, NEWS, Technical Requirements, DigitalEurope,weblink September 6, 2014, NEWS, DIGITALEUROPE launches Ultra High Definition logo for new generation of screens, DTG,weblink September 5, 2014, September 6, 2014, On September 11, 2014 satellite operator SES announced the first Ultra HD conditional access-protected broadcast using DVB standards at the IBC show in Amsterdam. The demonstration used a Samsung Ultra HD TV, with a standard Kudelski SmarDTV CI Plus conditional access module, to decrypt a full {{resx|3840|2160}} pixel CAS-protected Ultra HD signal in HEVC broadcast via an SES Astra satellite at 19.2°E.PRESS RELEASE, SES, September 11, 2014,weblink SES, SMARDTV and Samsung Demonstrate World's First Ultra HD CAS-Protected Broadcast Service using UVD Standards, October 28, 2014, On November 19, 2014, rock band Linkin Park's concert at Berlin's O2 World Arena was broadcast live in Ultra HD via an Astra 19.2°E satellite. The broadcast was encoded in the UHD 4K standard with the HEVC codec (50{{nbsp}}fps and a 10{{nbsp}}bpc color depth), and was a joint enterprise of satellite owner SES, SES Platform Services (later MX1, now part of SES Video) and Samsung.PRESS RELEASE, SES, November 12, 2014,weblink November 30, 2014, SES and Samsung Mark Ultra HD's First – With Live Broadcast of Linkin Park Concert via Satellite,

2015

Indian satellite pay TV provider Tata Sky launched UHD service and UHD Set Top Box on 9 January 2015. The service is 4K at 50{{nbsp}}fps and price of the UHD box is ₹5900 for existing SD/HD customers and ₹6400 for new customers. The Cricket World Cup 2015 was telecast live in 4K for free to those who own Tata Sky's UHD 4K STB.In May 2015, France Télévisions broadcast matches from Roland Garros live in Ultra HD via the EUTELSAT 5 West A satellite in the HEVC standard. The channel "France TV Sport Ultra HD" was available via the Fransat platform for viewers in France.WEB,weblink FRANSAT et France Télévisions s'associent pour retransmettre partout en France la chaîne événementielle " France TV Sport Ultra HD ", In May 2015, satellite operator SES announced that Europe's first free-to-air Ultra HD channel (from Germany's pearl.tv shopping channel) would launch in September 2015, broadcast in native Ultra HD via the Astra 19.2°E satellite position.PRESS RELEASE, SES, 20 May 2015,weblink EUROPE'S FIRST FREE-TO-AIR ULTRA HD CHANNEL TO BROADCAST ON ASTRA 19.2 DEGREES EAST, 22 May 2015, In June 2015, SES launched its first Ultra HD demonstration channel for cable operators and content distributors in North America to prepare their systems and test their networks for Ultra HD delivery. The channel is broadcast from the SES-3 satellite at 103°W.SES launches Ultra HD demo channel in North America IP&TV Nerws. June 17, 2015. Accessed June 28, 2015In June 2015, SPI International previewed its "4K FunBox UHD" Ultra HD channel on the HOT BIRD 4K1 channel, in advance of its commercial launch on Eutelsat's HOT BIRD satellites in the autumn.WEB,weblink Eutelsat boosts Ultra HD content on "HOT BIRD 4K1" TV platform, In July 2015, German HD satellite broadcaster HD+ and TV equipment manufacturer TechniSat announced an Ultra HD TV set with integrated decryption for reception of existing HD+ channels (available in the Autumn) and a new Ultra HD demonstration channel due to begin broadcasting in September.PRESS RELEASE, SES, July 9, 2015,weblink HD+ UNVEILS FIRST HD+ EMBEDDED UHD TV AND ANNOUNCES NEW DEMO UHD CHANNEL, August 30, 2015, On 2 August 2015, The FA Community Shield in England was broadcast in Ultra HD by broadcast company BT Sport, becoming the first live football game shown in Ultra HD on the world's first commercial Ultra HD channel. The match was shown on Europe's first Ultra HD channel, BT Sport Ultra HD where selected live English Premier League and European Champions League matches were broadcast.WEB, BT starts UK's first Ultra HD channel 2 August: Everything you need to know, Charlton, A.,weblink IBTimes UK, 31 July 2015, 27 November 2023, Fashion One 4K launched on September 2, 2015 becoming the first global Ultra HD TV channel. Reaching nearly 370 million households across the World, the fashion, lifestyle and entertainment network broadcasts via satellite from Measat at 91.5°E (for Asia Pacific, Middle East, Australia) and from SES satellites Astra 19.2°E (for Europe), SES-3 at 103°W (for North America), NSS-806 at 47.5°W (for South America).Fashion One 4K channel launches globally Digital TV Europe September 2, 2015. Retrieved September 29, 2015In September 2015, Eutelsat presented new consumer research, conducted by TNS and GfK, on Ultra HD and screen sales in key TV markets. The study looked at consumer exposure to Ultra HD, perceived benefits and willingness to invest in equipment and content. GfK predicts a 200% increase in Ultra HD screen sales from June to December 2015, with sales expected to reach five million by the end of the year. GfK also forecasts that Ultra HD screens in 2020 will represent more than 70% of total sales across Europe and almost 60% in the Middle East and North Africa.WEB,weblink Eutelsat reveals new consumer research on Ultra HD and data on skyrocketing screen sales in key TV markets, On 2 September 2015, Sony unveiled the Xperia Z5 Premium; the first smartphone with a 4K display.WEB,weblink Sony unveils next-generation smartphone camera with Xperia™ Z5 and Xperia™ Z5 Compact, and the world's first 4K¹ smartphone² Xperia™ Z5 Premium - Sony Smartphones, August 31, 2017, On 9 September 2015, Apple Inc. announced that their new smartphone the iPhone 6S could record video in 4K.WEB,weblink iPhone 6S announced: 3D Touch, 12-megapixel rear camera, rose gold finish, available September 25th for $199, Jacob, Kastrenakes, 9 September 2015, On 6 October 2015, Microsoft unveiled the latest version of their Microsoft Surface Book laptop with a display of "over 6 million pixels" and their new phones the Microsoft Lumia 950 and 950 XL, which, aside from 4K video recording that their predecessors included, feature a display of "over 5 million pixels".WEB,weblink Microsoft Windows 10 devices event, Microsoft.com, October 6, 2015, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20151006155124weblink">weblink October 6, 2015, October 6, 2015, On 8 December 2015, the ceremony of the opening of the Holy Door in Vatican City, which marked the beginning of the Jubilee Year of Mercy in the Roman Catholic church, was the first worldwide Ultra HD broadcast via satellite.WEB,weblink Eutelsat partners with Vatican Television Centre for first worldwide Ultra HD transmission, The event was produced by the Vatican Television Center with the support of Eutelsat, Sony, Globecast and DBW Communication. The team did some advanced experimentation with 4K/High Dynamic Range live images and in particular using technology developed by the BBC's R&D division and Japan's public broadcaster NHK in terms of Hybrid Log Gamma (HLG) signals.WEB,weblink "Huge success" for UHD-HLG test in Rome -, December 14, 2015,

2016

The "UHD Alliance", an industry consortium of content creators, distributors, and hardware manufacturers, announced Monday on January 11, 2016 during CES 2016 press conference its "Ultra HD Premium" specification, which defines resolution, bit depth, color gamut, high dynamic range (HDR) performance required for Ultra HD (UHDTV) content and displays to carry their Ultra HD Premium logo.On April 2, 2016, Ultra-high-definition television demo channel UHD1 broadcast the Le Corsaire ballet in Ultra HD live from the Vienna State Opera. The programme was produced by Astra satellite owner, SES in collaboration with European culture channel ARTE, and transmitted free-to-air, available to anyone with reception of the Astra 19.2°E satellites and an ultra HD screen equipped with an HEVC decoder.SES and ARTE to Broadcast Le Corsaire Ballet Live in Ultra HD via Astra 19.2 Business Wire. March 29, 2016. Accessed March 30, 2016As of April 2016, The NPD Group reported that 6 million 4K UHD televisions had been sold.JOURNAL, 4K UHD Awareness Spiking, Baumgartner, Jeff, Broadcasting & Cable, June 6, 2016, 19, In May 2016, Modern Times Group, owner of the Viasat DTH platform announced the launch of Viasat Ultra HD, the first UHD channel for the Nordic region. The channel features selected live sport events especially produced in Ultra HD and launch in the autumn via the SES-5 satellite at 5°E. Viasat is also launching an Ultra HD set-top box from Samsung and a TV-module that enables existing UHD TVs to display the channel.MTG launches first Nordic UHD channel Advanced Television May 13, 2016. Retrieved July 4, 2016 Satellite operator, SES said that the launch of Viasat Ultra HD brings the number of UHD channels (including test channels and regional versions) carried on SES satellites to 24, or 46% of all UHD channels broadcast via satellite worldwide.PRESS RELEASE, SES, May 13, 2016,weblink SES TO TRANSMIT FIRST ULTRA HD CHANNEL IN THE NORDICS AT 5 DEGREES EAST, July 4, 2016, In August 2016, Sky announced that 4K broadcasts would begin via their new Sky Q 2TB box. The opening match of the 2016-17 Premier League between Hull City and Leicester City on Sky Sports was the first 4K transmission.WEB,weblink 124 Premier League games live in Ultra HD with Sky Q Silver, SkySports.com, Sky plc, August 12, 2016, August 25, 2016,

2017

On 29 September 2017, BSAT-4a, dedicated for UHDTV programming and was also claimed "the world's first 8K satellite", was launched from the Guiana Space Centre aboard Ariane 5 rocket. BSAT-4a would be used for 2020 Summer Olympics held in Japan.NEWS, Clark, Stephen, Ariane 5 rocket deploys satellites for Intelsat and B-SAT – Spaceflight Now,weblink 19 February 2018, spaceflightnow.com, 29 September 2017, Spaceflight Now, Additionally, in September 2017, Kaleidescape, a manufacturer of home-theater movie players and servers made 4K UHD movies compatible with their movie store, and with their movie players.WEB, Kaleidescape Adds 4K Ultra HD Experience to Premiere Systems,weblink 2020-11-13, Kaleidescape, en-US, In December 2017, Qualcomm announced that their Snapdragon 845 chipset and Spectra 280 Image Signal Processor would be the first phone SoC to record video in UHD Premium.WEB,weblink UHD Premium Video Recording Brings Lifelike Colors to Snapdragon 845 Devices, Steven, Zimmerman, xda-developers.com, XDA Developers, 2017-12-06, 2017-12-12,

2018

In April 2018, RTL started broadcasting its own UHD channel in Germany. First available at Astra 19.2°E, the Channel shows UHD productions, Formula 1, Football and Deutschland sucht den Superstar.Satellite operator SES broadcast an 8K television signal via its satellite system for the first time in May 2018. The 8K demonstration content, with a resolution of {{resx|7680|4320}} pixels, a frame rate of 60{{nbsp}}fps, and 10{{nbsp}}bpc color depth, was encoded in HEVC and transmitted at a rate of 80{{nbsp}}Mbit/s via the Astra 3B satellite during SES's Industry Days conference in Luxembourg.PRESS RELEASE,weblink SES Showcases its First Broadcast of 8K Television, SES, May 23, 2018, May 31, 2018, In June 2018, fuboTV broadcast the 2018 FIFA World Cup live in 4K and HDR10 becoming the first OTT streaming service to do so.WEB, FuboTV streaming World Cup in 4K resolution,weblink SportsPro Media, July 5, 2018, 1 November 2018, Quarter, Semi and Final matches were available on many popular streaming devices including Apple TV, Chromecast Ultra, Fire TV, Roku and Android TVs. Content was streamed at 60 frames per second using HLS and DASH. Video was sent in fragmented MP4 containers delivering HEVC encoded video.On December 1, 2018, NHK launched BS8K, a broadcast channel transmitting at 8K resolution.NEWS,weblink 4K, 8K broadcasting begins in Japan, December 1, 2018, December 2, 2018, NHK, NEWS,weblink Chris, Fox, Space Odyssey helps launch first 8K TV channel, December 1, 2018, December 2, 2018, BBC News, The history of Super Hi-Vision｜8K Super Hi-Vision｜NHK

2019

In February 25, 2019 at the event of 2019 Mobile World Congress, Sony announced the Xperia 1, the first smartphone featuring a (21:9 aspect ratio|ultrawide 21:9) aspect ratio 4K HDR OLED display (with a resolution of 3840 × 1644), which would be released on May 30, 2019.WEB, Peter, Sony Xperia 1 has the first 4K OLED mobile screen, is first Sony with triple camera,weblink 2023-08-22, GSMArena.com, en, In May 2019, for the first time in Europe, 8K demonstration content was received via satellite without the need for a separate external receiver or decoder. At the 2019 SES Industry Days conference at Betzdorf, Luxembourg broadcast quality 8K content (with a resolution of {{resx|7680|4320}} pixels at 50{{nbsp}}fps) was encoded using a Spin Digital HEVC encoder (at a bit rate of 70{{nbsp}}Mbit/s), uplinked to a single 33{{nbsp}}MHz transponder on SES' Astra 28.2°E satellites and the downlink received and displayed on a Samsung {{cvt|82|in|cm}} Q950RB production model TV.SES showcases 8K content over satellite Broadband TV News. May 14, 2019. Accessed June 4, 2019

List of 4K television channels

Global

• Fashion 4K
• Festival 4K
• High 4K TV

Europe

{{div col|colwidth=25em}}

• 4K Heritage
• 4K UltraHD FunBoxWEB,weblink FunBox 4K UHD Channel - SPI International,
• 4K Universe
• Astra Promo
• BBC TV (UK)
• beIN Sports 4K (Spain)
• Canal+UHD - Astra 1KR/1L/1M/1N at 19.2°E LyngSat. Accessed November 2, 2018
• Canal+ 4K Ultra HD (Poland)
• Digi 4K (Romania)
• Digiturk UHDWEB,weblink New Ultra HD channel from Digiturk, 21 January 2016,
• Discovery
• Eurosport 4K
• Fashion One 4K
• Fashion TV 4K
• Festival 4K
• InsightWEB,weblink TERN launches Insight, UltraHD factual entertainment channel, 3 October 2015, UHD
• M3.hu UHD (online only)
• M6 4K
• (:es:Movistar Fórmula 1|Movistar Fórmula 1 UHD)WEB,weblink Movistar F1 UHD, nuevo canal de Movistar+ en 4K,
• (:es:Movistar Partidazo|Movistar Partidazo UHD)WEB,weblink El 4K llega a Movistar el mes que viene: el fútbol será el primer agraciado, August 21, 2018,
• NASA TV
• NPO 1
• Pearl TVWEB,weblink Behind the scenes of Europe's first free-to-air Ultra HD channel, pearl.tv - SES.com,
• (:de:ProSiebenSat.1 UHD|ProsiebenSat.1 UHD)
• QVC Deutschland
• QVC Zwei
• Rai 4KWEB,weblink Eutelsat :: Ultra HD :: Case Study :: Rai,
• RMC Sport 1
• RTL UHD
• RTVS UltraHD
• SES Ultra HD Demo Channel
• (:fr:SFR Sport 4K|SFR Sport 4K)
• Sky Sport 4K (Italy)
• Sky UHD1 (UK)
• Sky UHD2 (UK)
• Sky Sport UHD (Germany)
• Sky Sport Bundesliga UHD (Germany)
• Sky Sports Main Event UK
• Sky Sports F1 UHD UK
• Sportklub 4K
• Sport TV 4K UHDWEB,weblink TRANSMISSÕES EM 4K ULTRA HD, Sport TV, pt, NEWS,weblink SportTV lança emissões regulares de ultra HD com Sporting x FC Porto, Marcela, Ana, 25 September 2017, Diário de Notícias, pt,
• Travelxp
• Tricolor Ultra HDWEB,weblink Tricolor TV launches two UHD channels, March 12, 2015,
• TF1 4K
• TNT Sports Ultimate
• TRT 4K
• TVE La 1 UHD (Spain)WEB,weblink RTVE launches La1 in UHD with national coverage on DTT, February 8, 2024,
• TVP 4K (Poland)
• UHD-1
• V Sport Ultra HD
• Virgin TV Ultra HD
• Wow! 4K

{{div col end}}

Africa

• BTV (Botswana)
• EBS 4K (Ethiopia)
• Nahoo sports+ UHD (Ethiopia)
• Nahoo sports+2 UHD (Ethiopia)
• ETV sports UHD (Ethiopia)
• Kana TV 4K (Ethiopia)
• on Time sports HD (Egypt)

Americas

{{div col|colwidth=25em}}

• NASA TV UHD
• Sportsnet 4K and Sportsnet One 4K (Canada)
• TSN 4K and TSN 2 4K (Canada)
• Hispasat TV 4K (Latin America)
• Fashion One 4K
• Fox Sports 4K and Fox Sports 1 4K (USA)
• DirecTV 4K and DirecTV Cinema 4K (USA)
• ESPN (USA)
• 4KUNIVERSE
• Insight UHD
• The Country Network
• SporTV 4K (Brazil)
• UHD-1

{{div col end}}

Asia

{{div col|colwidth=25em}}

• (:zh:中央广播电视总台4K超高清频道|CCTV 4K) ({{zh|s=中央广播电视总台4K超高清频道}})
• (:zh:中央广播电视总台奥林匹克频道|CCTV 16 Olympic 4K) ({{zh|s=中央广播电视总台奥林匹克频道}})
• (:zh:广东广播电视台4K综艺频道|Guangdong Radio and Television 4K Variety Channel) ({{zh|s=广东广播电视台4K综艺频道}})
• Guangzhou Television Ultra HD ({{zh|s=广州南国都市频道}})
• SiTV Joy UHD ({{zh|s=欢笑剧场4K频道}})
• (:zh:杭州广播电视台|Wasu-Discovery UHD) ({{zh|s=求索纪录频道}})
• Beijing TV Winter Olympic & Documentaries UHD ({{zh|s=北京广播电视台冬奥纪实频道}})
• First Media 4K (Indonesia)
• IndiHome 4K (Indonesia)
• Cable 4K (South Korea)WEB,weblink ケーブル4K,
• KBS1 UHD (South Korea)WEB,weblink 지상파 UHD 방송 도입일정, May 28, 2017,
• KBS2 UHD (South Korea)
• MBC UHD (South Korea)
• SBS UHD (South Korea)
• KNN UHD (South Korea)
• KBC UHD (South Korea)
• TBC UHD (South Korea)
• TJB UHD (South Korea)
• UBC UHD (South Korea)
• G1 UHD (South Korea)
• Asia UHD (South Korea)
• Insight UHD{{Place missing|date=March 2024}}
• Life U (South Korea)WEB,weblink Life U, UHD 전용방송채널로 리론칭, February 26, 2018,
• SBS F!L UHD (South Korea)WEB,weblink ABOUT SBS Plus UHD - SBS Plus UHD,
• (:fa:شبکه 4K|IRIB UHD) (Iran)
• Sky UHD{{Place missing|date=March 2024}}
• UHD Dream TV{{Place missing|date=March 2024}}
• UMAX (South Korea)WEB,weblink ABOUT UMAX - UMAX,
• UXN{{Place missing|date=March 2024}}
• 4K-Sat{{Place missing|date=March 2024}}
• Tata Play 4K (India)
• Now Sports 4K (Hong Kong)
• (:zh:翡翠台|TVB Jade UHD) ({{zh|s=翡翠台}})
• Bol Network (Pakistan)
• Hum News (Pakistan)
• Kan11 4K (Israel)
• NHK BS 4K (Japan)
• BS Nittele 4K (Japan)
• BS Asahi 4K (Japan)
• BS TV Tokyo 4K (Japan)
• BS-TBS 4K (Japan)
• BS Fuji 4K (Japan)
• SHOP CHANNEL 4K (Japan)
• 4K QVC (Japan)
• THE CINEMA 4K (Japan)
• J Sports (Japan)
• Star Channel 4K (Japan)
• Sukachan 4K (Japan)
• Japanese movie + Jidaigeki 4K (Japan)
• Wowow 4K (Japan)
• Astro Super Sport UHD (Malaysia)
• True 4K (Thailand)
• VTVcab 4K (Vietnam)
• SCTV 4K (Vietnam)

{{div col end}}

Oceania

• Foxtel Movies Ultra HD (Australia)
• Fox Sports Ultra HD (Australia)WEB, Foxtel launch Oz first 4K live NRL & AFL,weblink Channel News,weblink 30 August 2019, 28 February 2019,

List of 8K television channels

• NHK BS8K (Japan)
• CCTV-8K (China)NEWS, China's New Year Gala Show, World's Top TV Event, to Be Aired in High-Res 8K via 5G,weblink 2 March 2021, www.yicaiglobal.com,

Field trials of UHDTV over DTT networks

Field trials using existing digital terrestrial television (DTT) transmitters have included the following.NEWS, ITU-R WP6A Temporary Document 223 Draft new Report ITU-R BT.[UHDTV-DTT TRIALS] – Collection of field trials of UHDTV over DTT networks,weblink February 19, 2015, {| class="wikitable sortable"! Type! Country! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Transmitter site! Covering! ERP! DTT system! scope="col" style="width: 55px;" | Channel bandwidth! Transmission mode! scope="col" style="width: 55px;" | Multiplex capacity! Signal bit rate! scope="col" style="width: 100px;" | Video encoding standard! Picture standard! Audio encoding standard! Center frequency 8K‑UHD Japan8K TERRESTRIAL TRANSMISSION FIELD TESTS USING DUAL-POLARIZED MIMO AND HIGHER-ORDER MODULATION OFDM>YEAR=2016 LAST1=SAITO LAST2=SHITOMI LAST3=ASAKURA LAST4=SATOU LAST5=OKANO LAST6=MURAYAMA LAST7=TSUCHIDA JOURNAL=IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BROADCASTING PAGES=306–315, 31655207, | NHK Hitoyoshi Station Hitoyoshi Area, Kumamoto Prefecture| 140 W (H)135 W (V) {{nowrap|ISDB-T}} 6 MHz 32kGI=1/32, 4096QAMFEC 3/4dual-polarized MIMO 91.8 Mbit/s 91.0 Mbit/s MPEG-4AVC/H.264 7680 × 4320p59.94 frame/s8 bit/px MPEG-4 AAC384 kbit/s| 671 MHz(Ch 46)| NHK Mizukami Station| 25 W (H)25 W (V)| 671 MHz(Ch 46)| NHK STRL Building| Tokyo| 93 W (H)93 W (V)| 581 MHz(Ch 31)| 8K-UHD| South Korea| Technical Research Institute Building of Korean Broadcasting System (KBS)| Yeoeuido, Seoul| 10 W (H)10 W (V)| –| 6 MHz| 2kGI=1/16, 256QAMFEC 3/4dual-polarized MIMO| 50.475 Mbit/s(Single band)| 50.0 Mbit/s(Single band)| HEVC| –| –| 605 MHz & 623 MHz(Ch 36 & Ch 39) 4K-UHD Australia{{hsp}}HTTPS://WWW.BROADCASTAUSTRALIA.COM.AU/BROADCAST-INDUSTRY-CELEBRATES-FIRST-EVER-TRIAL-OF-4K-TELEVISION-IN-AUSTRALIA-BROADCAST-AUSTRALIA/>TITLE=BROADCAST INDUSTRY CELEBRATES FIRST EVER TRIAL OF 4K TELEVISION IN AUSTRALIABROADCAST AUSTRALIA>ACCESS-DATE=2018-08-15, 4 July 2018, | Gore Hill Sydney| 50 kW {{nowrap|DVB-T2}} 7 MHz 16k extended modeGI=1/32, 256QAM32kFEC 3/4, PP7 38.63 Mbit/s Variable(some trials at 35 Mbit/s) HEVC 3840 × 2160p MPEG-4 AAC| 212.5 MHz(Ch 10)| Kings Cross| 650 W| 536.5 MHz(Ch 29)| North Head| 1 kW| 536.5 MHz(Ch 29)| 4K-UHD| Brazil| Mt. Sumaré| Parts of Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area| 660 W (H)660 W (V)ISDB-T}}| 8 MHz| 32k extended modeGI=1/128, 64QAMFEC5/6, PP7| 36.72 Mbit/s| 35.0 Mbit/s| HEVC| 3840 × 2160p50 frame/s8 bit/px| E-AC-3 5.1| 754 MHz(Ch 56 in Region 1) 4K-UHD South Korea Gwanaksan South Metropolitan area of Seoul| 36.7 kW {{nowrap|DVB-T2}} 6 MHz 32k extended modeGI=1/16, PP4, 256 QAMFEC 3/4, 4/5, 5/6 < 35.0 Mbit/s Variable(some trials at 25~34 Mbit/s) HEVC Main10Level 5.1Max 28 Mbit/s 3840 × 2160p60 frame/s8 or 10 bit/px MPEG-H 3D AudioWEB,weblink World's 1st Terrestrial UHD TV Service With MPEG-H Audio, fraunhofer, | 761 MHz(Ch 62)| 12.9 kW| 701 MHz(Ch 52)| 40.0 kW| 707 MHz(Ch 53)N Seoul Tower>Namsan| Central area of Seoul| 2.2 kW| 761 MHz(Ch 62)Yongmunsan (Gyeonggi)>Yongmunsan| West Metropolitan area of Seoul| 8.3 kW| 707 MHz(Ch 53)| 4K-UHD| France| Eiffel Tower| City of Paris| 1 kWDVB-T2}}| 8 MHz| 32k extended modeGI=1/128, 256QAMFEC2/3, PP7| 40.2 Mbit/s| Two programmes carried:one at 22.5 Mbit/s,one at 17.5 Mbit/s| HEVC| 3840 × 2160p50 frame/s8 bit/px| HE-AAC 192 kbit/s| 514 MHz(Ch 26 in Region 1)| 4K-UHD| Spain| ETSI Tele-comunicación| Ciudad Universitaria Madrid| 125 WDVB-T2}}| 8 MHz| 32k extended modeGI=1/128, 64QAMFEC5/6, PP7| 36.72 Mbit/s| 35 Mbit/s(other bit rates also tested)| HEVC| 3840 × 2160p50 frame/s8 bit/px| E-AC-3 5.1| 754 MHz(Ch 56 in Region 1)| 4K-UHD| Sweden| Stockholm Nacka| City of Stockholm| 35 kWDVB-T2}}| 8 MHz| 32k extended modeGI=19/256, 256QAMFEC3/5, PP4| 31.7 Mbit/s| 24 Mbit/s| HEVC| 3840 × 2160p29.97 frame/s8 bit/px| | 618 MHz(Ch 39 in Region 1) 4K-UHD United KingdomHTTP://WWW.BBC.CO.UK/RD/BLOG/2014/06/BBC-R-D-ULTRA-HIGH-DEFINITION-TRIALS>TITLE=BBC R&D ULTRA-HIGH DEFINITION TRIALSBBC>ACCESS-DATE=2014-03-25FIRST=PHIL, Layton, | Crystal Palace| Greater London(serving over 4.5 million households)| 39.8 kW {{nowrap|DVB-T2}} 8 MHz 32k extended modeGI=1/128, 256QAMFEC 2/3, PP7 40.2 Mbit/s Variable(some trials at 35 Mbit/s) HEVC 3840 × 2160p50 or 59.94 frame/s8 bit/px (most) or 10 bit/px| | 586 MHz(Ch 35 in Region 1)| Winter Hill| North-west England, including Manchester and Liverpool(serving 2.7 million households)| 22.5 kW| | 602 MHz(Ch 37 in Region 1)| Black Hill| Central Scotland, including Glasgow and Edinburgh(serving 1 million households)| 39 kW| | 586 MHz(Ch 35 in Region 1)| 4K-UHDACCESS-DATE=MAY 19, 2014, | Žižkov Television Tower| Prague| –| DVB-T2| 8 MHz| –| –| –| HEVC| 3840 × 2160p| –| 706 MHz(Ch 50 in Region 1)| 4K-UHD| Slovakia| Kamzík| Bratislava| 5 kW| DVB-T2|| 32k256QAM, FEC 3/4| 36 Mbit/s|| HEVC| 3840 × 2160p|| 184.5 MHz(Ch 6)| 4K-UHDWORK=SOHUDATE=2019-04-01, | Jiaxing| Jiaxing, Zhejiang|about 1 kWSignal radius: 39 kmDTMB-A}}| 8 MHz| Unknown4QAM included| Unknown| UnknownAudio Video Standard>AVS2| 3840 × 2160p50 frame/s| UnknownVariant of DRA| 642 MHz(Ch 29)

Status of standardization of UHDTV

Standards that deal with UHDTV include:

Standardization in ITU-R

Standards approved in ITU-R:

• Rec. ITU-R BT.1201-1 (2004)NEWS, BT.1201-1: Extremely high resolution imagery, ITU,weblink March 1, 2004, November 4, 2012,
• Rec. ITU-R BT.1769 (2006)NEWS, BT.1769: Parameter values for an expanded hierarchy of LSDI image formats for production and international programme exchange, ITU,weblink July 1, 2006, November 4, 2012,
• Rec. ITU-R BT.2020 (2012, revised 2014)NEWS, CEA Updates Characteristics for Ultra High-Definition Displays, CEA,weblink June 24, 2014,
• Rec. ITU-R BT.2035-0 (07/13) A reference viewing environment for evaluation of HDTV program material or completed programmes
• Rec. ITU-R BS.2051-0 (02/14) Advanced sound system for programme production
• Rec. ITU-R BT.2100 (2016)

Other documents prepared or being prepared by ITU-R:

• Report ITU-R BT.2246-3 (2014) The present state of ultra-high definition television
• Draft New Report ITU-R BT.[UHDTV-DTT TRIALS] (Sub-Working Group 6A-1) Collection of field trials of UHDTV over DTT networks

Standardization in ITU-T and MPEG

Standards developed in ITU-T's VCEG and ISO/IEC JTC 1's MPEG that support Ultra-HD include:

• H.265/MPEG-H HEVC High Efficiency Video Coding (2013, revised 2014)
• H.264/MPEG-4 AVC Advanced Video Coding (support for Ultra-HD added circa 2013)

Standardization in SMPTE

• SMPTE 2036-1 (2009)NEWS, ST 2036-1-2009, SMPTE,weblink November 5, 2012,
• SMPTE 2036-2 (2008)NEWS, ST 2036-2-2008, SMPTE,weblink November 5, 2012,
• SMPTE 2036-3 (2010)NEWS, ST 2036-3-2010, SMPTE,weblink November 5, 2012,

Standardization for Europe

DVB approved the Standard TS 101 154 V2.1.1, published (07/2014) in the DVB Blue Book A157 Specification for the use of Video and Audio Coding in Broadcasting Applications based on the MPEG-2 Transport Stream, which was published by ETSI in the following months.

Standardization for Japan and South Korea

Standards for UHDTV in South Korea have been developed by its Telecommunications Technology Association.On August 30, 2013, the scenarios for 4K-UHDTV service were described in the Report "TTAR 07.0011: A Study on the UHDTV Service Scenarios and its Considerations".On May 22, 2014, the technical report "TTAR-07.0013: Terrestrial 4K UHDTV Broadcasting Service" was published.On October 13, 2014, an interim standard – "TTAI.KO-07.0123: Transmission and Reception for Terrestrial UHDTV Broadcasting Service" – was published based on HEVC encoding, with MPEG 2 TS, and DVB-T2 serving as the standards.On June 24, 2016, a standard – "TTAK.KO-07.0127: Transmission and Reception for Terrestrial UHDTV Broadcasting Service" – was published based on HEVC encoding, with MMTP/ROUTE IP, and ATSC 3.0 serving as the standards.

See also

• Rec. 2020 – ITU-R Recommendation for UHDTV
• 4K resolution – Resolutions of common 4K formats and list of 4K-monitors, TVs, projectors
• 8K resolution – Specifications for ~8x4K UHD and 8Kx8K fulldome
• Ultra HD Blu-ray – 2160p / 4K (3840 × 2160 resolution) format Blu-ray Disc as specified by Blu-ray Disc Association
• IMAX – A film theater format that historically has been innovative in creating a more realistic viewing experience
• High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC)
• VP9 / WebM
• 22.2 surround sound – The audio component of Super Hi-Vision

Notes

{{notelist}}

References

{{reflist|30em}}

External links

{{commons category|Ultra High Definition Television}}

• 4K TV Mag – an online magazine about Ultra HD TV
• "What is 4K Ultra HD?" – 4K TV Mag

{{Video formats}}{{Computer display standard}}{{TV resolution}}{{High-definition}}