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{{short description|American academic}}

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| birth_place = New York City, New York, U.S.Brown University (Bachelor of Arts)>Harvard University (Master of Arts)>Royal College of Defence Studies}}}}Bruce O. Riedel (born 1953) is an American expert on U.S. security, South Asia, and counter-terrorism. He is currently a senior fellow in the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at the Brookings Institution, and a professor at Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies. He also serves as a senior adviser at Albright Stonebridge Group.Riedel, a former Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) analyst and counter-terrorism expert, served in the Agency for 29 years until his retirement in 2006. He has advised four presidents on Middle East and South Asian issues in the White House on the staff of the National Security Council (NSC).He is a contributor to several periodicals and an author of books examining topics related to his areas of expertise — counter-terrorism, Arab-Israeli relations, Persian Gulf security, and South Asia, especially India and Pakistan.

Biography

Youth and education

Riedel was born in 1953 in Queens, New York. He was just a year old when his father — a political adviser at the United Nations — moved his family to Jerusalem and later to Beirut. After much travel, Riedel obtained a B.A. (1975, Brown University) in Middle East history and an MA (1977, Harvard) in Medieval Islamic history. From 2002 to 2003, he attended the Royal College of Defence Studies in London.

Career

CIA years : 1977 – 2006In 1977, Riedel began a career as an analyst for the CIA, where he spent most of his professional life. After serving 29 years, he retired in 2006.During his tenure at the CIA he held several positions, including:

• Various assignments, Central Intelligence Agency (1977–1990)
• Deputy Chief Persian Gulf Task Force, Central Intelligence Agency (1990–1991)
• Director for Gulf and South Asia Affairs, National Security Council (1991–1993)
• National Intelligence Officer for Near East and South Asian Affairs at the National Intelligence Council (1993–95)
• Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Near East and South Asian Affairs, Office of the Secretary of Defense (1995–1997)
• Special Assistant to the President, and Senior Director for Near East Affairs on the National Security Council (1997–2001)
• Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for Near East and North African Affairs, National Security Council (2001–2002)
• Member, Royal College of Defence Studies, London, UK (2002–2003)
• Special Advisor, NATO, Brussels, Belgium (2003–2006)

2006 – to presentRiedel is currently a senior fellow in the Saban Center for Middle East Policy at the Brookings Institution, and a professor at Georgetown University School of Foreign Service. He also serves as a senior adviser at Albright Stonebridge Group.Riedel was a policy adviser to the 2008 presidential campaign of Barack Obama. In February 2009, Obama appointed him chair of a White House review committee formed to overhaul U.S. policy on Afghanistan and Pakistan.In 2011, he served as an expert advisor to the prosecution of al Qaeda terrorist Omar Farooq Abdulmutallab in Detroit. In December 2011, Prime Minister David Cameron asked him to advise the UK's National Security Council on Pakistan.In a February 2013 article published on the website of the Brookings Institution, Riedel discussed "false flag ops" in relation to Algerian counter-terrorism units. In his article "Algeria a Complex Ally in War Against al Qaeda", he described the Algerian counter-terrorism unit DRS and its methods:"(The) DRS is (…) known for its tactic of infiltrating terrorist groups, creating “false flag” terrorists and trying to control them.", Riedel writes. "Rumors have associated the DRS in the past with the Malian warlord Iyad Ag Ghali, head of Ansar al Dine AQIM’s ally in Mali, and even with Mukhtar Belmukhtar, the al-Qaeda terrorist who engineered the attack on the natural gas plant."On 14 February 2012, in an article for American news website The Daily Beast, Riedel quoted former ISI chief, Gen. (retired) Ziauddin Khwaja, as saying that former Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf "knew bin Laden was in Abbottabad".

Honors

• Secretary of Defense Distinguished Service Medal (1997)
• Distinguished Intelligence Medal (2001)
• Department of State Meritorious Honor Award (2006), for work in the intelligence and defense communities

Publications

Riedel is a contributor to several journals and magazines and the author of several books.

• BOOK, Edmund S. Hawley, Bruce O. Riedel, James A. Urry, Papers on Intelligence Activities,weblink 23 October 2012, 1976, Brown University,
• BOOK, Bruce O. Riedel, The Oslo Impasse: Where Do We Go from Here? : with Keynote Address by Bruce O. Riedel,weblink 23 October 2012, 1998, Washington Institute for Near East Policy,
• BOOK, Bruce Riedel, Truman, American Diplomacy and a Middle Eastern Peace Settlement, 1949 - 1952,weblink 23 October 2012, 1975, Brown University,
• BOOK, John Kiriakou, Michael Ruby, Bruce Riedel, The Reluctant Spy: My Secret Life in the CIA's War on Terror,weblink 23 October 2012, 27 February 2012, Skyhorse Publishing, 978-1-61608-628-2,
• BOOK, Kenneth M. Pollack, Daniel L. Byman, Akram Al-Turk, Pavel Baev, Michael S. Doran, Khaled Elgindy, Stephen R. Grand, Shadi Hamid, Bruce Jones, Suzanne Maloney, Jonathan D. Pollack, Bruce O. Riedel, Ruth Hanau Santini, Salman Shaikh, Ibrahim Sharqieh, Shibley Telhami, Sarah E. Yerkes, The Arab Awakening: America and the Transformation of the Middle East,weblink 23 October 2012, 1 October 2011, Brookings Institution Press, 978-0-8157-2227-4,
• Which Path to Persia: Options for a New American Strategy Toward Iran, (Brookings Institution Press, June 2009)
• Al Qaeda Strikes Back, (Brookings Institution Press, May/June 2007)
• BOOK, Bruce Riedel, The Search for Al Qaeda: Its Leadership, Ideology, and Future,weblink 15 March 2010, Brookings Institution Press, 978-0-8157-0451-5,
• BOOK, Bruce Riedel, Deadly Embrace: Pakistan, America, and the Future of the Global Jihad,weblink 17 January 2012, Brookings Institution Press, 978-0-8157-2274-8,
• BOOK, Bruce O. Riedel, Avoiding Armageddon: America, India, and Pakistan to the Brink and Back,weblink 6 February 2013, Brookings Institution Press, 978-0-8157-2408-7,
• BOOK, Bruce Riedel, What We Won: America's Secret War in Afghanistan, 1979–89,weblink 28 July 2014, Brookings Institution Press, 978-0-8157-2585-5,
• BOOK, Bruce Riedel, JFK's Forgotten Crisis: Tibet, the CIA, and Sino-Indian War,weblink 6 November 2015, Brookings Institution Press, 978-0-8157-2699-9,
• BOOK, Bruce Riedel, Kings and Presidents: Saudi Arabia and the United States since FDR,weblink 21 November 2017, Brookings Institution Press, 978-0-8157-3137-5,
• BOOK, Bruce Riedel, Beirut 1958: How America's Wars in the Middle East Began,weblink 29 October 2019, Brookings Institution Press, 978-0815737292,
• BOOK, Bruce Riedel, Jordan and America: An Enduring Friendship,weblink 21 September 2021, Brookings Institution Press, 978-0815739265,

Reception

Avoiding Armageddon: America, India, and Pakistan to the Brink and Back

In the words of reviewer Francesca Silvestri, Bruce Riedel is the most qualified person to deliver a clear picture of American foreign policy in South Asia. Silvestri cites Riedel's extensive research and experience which help in making his book, Avoiding Armageddon: America, India, and Pakistan to the Brink and Back, "one of the most accurate and interesting analyses of the tangled relationship between Washington, New Delhi and Islamabad." Silvestri sees this book as of interest to scholars of South Asia and young students as well as researchers.JOURNAL, Silvestri, Francesca, Avoiding Armageddon: America, India and Pakistan to the Brink and Back- Book Review, Political Studies Review, 12 January 2015, 13, 1, 157–158, 10.1111/1478-9302.12073_89, 220076267, Roman Chestnov calls it a "comprehensible" and "concise" study of the relationship between India, Pakistan and the United States.JOURNAL, Chestnov, Roman, Avoiding Armageddon: America, India, and Pakistan to the Brink and Back - Book Review, The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, 2015, 10, 1, 108–110, 10.1163/1871191X-12341298,

Personal life

Riedel is married. His wife, whom he met at the CIA, continues to work at the agency as a Middle East analyst.

References

, Brookings InstitutionPakistan’s Musharraf Has Been Accused of Knowing Osama bin Laden’s Hideout by Bruce Riedel Feb 14, 2012WEB,weblink Musharraf 'knew Bin Laden was in Abbottabad': Former ISI chief, February 15, 2012, The Express Tribune, }}

External links

• {{C-SPAN|1024104}}
• weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20080408204055weblink">Al Qaeda Strikes Back by Bruce Riedel, Foreign Affairs, May/June 2007
• A New Pakistan Policy: Containment by Riedel, The New York Times, October 15, 2011

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