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Bluefields
please note:
- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
- it has been imported raw for GetWiki
{{About|a municipality in Nicaragua|the place in Jamaica|Bluefields, Jamaica}}{{Distinguish|Bluefield (disambiguation)}}- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
- it has been imported raw for GetWiki
factoids | |
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History
{{Unreferenced section|date=November 2021}}The origin of the city of Bluefields is connected with the presence of European pirates on the Nicaraguan Caribbean coast, subjects of powers at the time hostile to Spain. These pirates used the Escondido River to rest, to repair damages and to be provisioned. By then, the territory of the present municipality was populated by the native towns of Kukra and Branch.In 1602, a Dutch soldier of fortune named Abraham Blauvelt chose the bay of the Escondido River as his center of operations due to its tactical advantages. The name of the municipality is a literal but pluralized translation of his surname, 'blau' (modern Dutch 'blauw') meaning 'blue' and 'velt' (modern Dutch 'veld') meaning 'field'.Black Africans first appeared in the Caribbean coast in 1641, when a Portuguese ship that was transporting slaves wrecked in the Miskito Cays. English subjects started emigrating to the region in 1633. Beginning in 1666, they were organized into colonies and by 1705, governmental authorities had been established. In 1730, the Kingdom of Moskitia came to depend on the British administration in Jamaica. The British supplied the Miskito people with armaments which the Miskito used to fend off attacks by the other groups of the Caribbean coast, including the Afro-descendant Creoles and the indigenous tribes of Mayangnas, Ulwas, and Ramas.In 1740, the Miskitos yielded to British sovereignty over the territory, and in 1744, a transfer of White colonists was organized from Jamaica to the Kingdom of Moskitia; they brought black slaves with them. French colonists also arrived at this time. The area was a British protectorate until 1796, when Britain, with an offer from the Spanish Monarch to extend the territory in the Yucatán Peninsula for the cutting of logwood for the British settlers, decided to remove all English settlers from the Kingdom of Moskitia; the British subjects also abandoned the islands, but the Spaniards did not take firm positions in them.With the independence of the Viceroyalty of New Granada, the Kingdom of Moskitia became de jure part of Gran Colombia until its dissolution in 1831. Thereafter it became part of the Republic of New Granada, now Colombia, until, through the Esguerra-Bárcenas Treaty, the Colombian state formally ceded the territory to Nicaragua.The Moravian Church was installed in 1847. In 1860, the Harrison-Altamirano Treaty, also known as the Treaty of Managua, created the Miskito Reserve from the territory of the Kingdom of Moskitia by an agreement between the British and Nicaraguan governments. The city of Bluefields was chosen as capital of the Reserve.The "Europeanization" of the Indians was completed by the 1880s, when British and Americans expanded the production of bananas and wood, creating a prosperous enclave economy; by the 1880s, Bluefields was already a city of cosmopolitan character, with an intense commercial activity.Economic growth also brought a marked process of social differentiation, by which the races and ethnic groups were distributed spatially and in terms of work: the white population represented the interests of the foreign businesses; those of mixed race worked as artisans and in working-class occupations; the darker-skinned Creoles had their niche in physical work, and the native population were employed as servants and for other smaller works. In 1894, the government of Nicaragua incorporated the Miskito Reserve into the national territory, extinguishing the Miskito monarchy, and on October 11, 1903, Bluefields was proclaimed capital of the Department of Zelaya.Due in part to US Coast Guard patrols attempting to intercept Colombian drug smugglers, salvaging cocaine (often referred to locally as "white lobster") has become an important part of the local economy. When threatened with potential boarding by US Coast Guard ships, cocaine smugglers try to dispose of their illegal cargo by throwing it overboard, simultaneously lightening their load for a faster escape and eliminating the evidence in case of capture. A percentage of the cocaine bales are carried by ocean currents into the lagoon around Bluefields. Residents may find the bales washed up on the beach or seek them by boat in the lagoon or at sea. In recent years, stricter legislation has led to a decrease in these activities.Bluefields remains a deeply impoverished city with extremely high rates of unemployment.Climate
According to Köppen climate classification, Bluefields features a trade-wind tropical rainforest climate (Köppen Af). There is a drier period from February to April, but the trade winds ensure that unlike the Pacific coast of Nicaragua, rain still falls frequently during this period. For the rest of the year when tropical low pressure dominates rainfall is extremely heavy, helped by the coast being shaped in such a manner as to intercept winds from the south as prevail during the northern summer.{{Weather box|location = Bluefields, Nicaragua|metric first = Yes|single line = Yes|Jan high C = 27.8|Feb high C = 28.4|Mar high C = 29.0|Apr high C = 29.8|May high C = 29.9|Jun high C = 28.9|Jul high C = 28.1|Aug high C = 28.5|Sep high C = 29.1|Oct high C = 28.8|Nov high C = 28.4|Dec high C = 28.0|Jan mean C = 24.9|Feb mean C = 25.2|Mar mean C = 26.2|Apr mean C = 27.0|May mean C = 27.0|Jun mean C = 26.0|Jul mean C = 25.6|Aug mean C = 25.6|Sep mean C = 25.8|Oct mean C = 25.6|Nov mean C = 25.3|Dec mean C = 25.2|Jan low C = 22.2|Feb low C = 22.3|Mar low C = 23.3|Apr low C = 23.7|May low C = 24.2|Jun low C = 23.9|Jul low C = 23.7|Aug low C = 23.6|Sep low C = 23.5|Oct low C = 23.1|Nov low C = 22.8|Dec low C = 22.6|rain colour = green|Jan rain mm = 218|Feb rain mm = 114|Mar rain mm = 71|Apr rain mm = 101|May rain mm = 264|Jun rain mm = 581|Jul rain mm = 828|Aug rain mm = 638|Sep rain mm = 383|Oct rain mm = 418|Nov rain mm = 376|Dec rain mm = 328|Jan rain days = 19|Feb rain days = 13|Mar rain days = 10|Apr rain days = 10|May rain days = 15|Jun rain days = 23|Jul rain days = 26|Aug rain days = 25|Sep rain days = 21|Oct rain days = 21|Nov rain days = 20|Dec rain days = 22|unit rain days = 1.0 mmDistricts
The city is located beside the eponymous bay; consisting of 17 neighborhoods including the port of El Bluff, located on a peninsula of the same name. Due to gradual erosion, the peninsula is becoming a true island that closes the Bay of Bluefields on the east side. El Bluff has an extension of 1.29 km2 and it is about 8 km from Bluefields.missing image!
- Bluefields street.JPG -
Urban Bluefields street scene
- Bluefields street.JPG -
Urban Bluefields street scene
missing image!
- Bluefields waterfront homes.JPG -
Bluefields rural waterfront homes
Bluefields has several municipal headquarters and rural communities including:Urban Level:Santa Rosa,Central,San Mateo,Pointeen,Fátima,Tres Cruces,Ricardo Morales,Old Bank,San Pedro,Teodoro MartÃnez,19 de Julio,Pancasán,Punta FrÃa,New York,Beholden,Canal,Loma Fresca.Rural Level:Cuenca RÃo Escondido,Cuenca RÃo MaÃz,San Nicolás,La Fonseca,Rama Cay,San LuÃs,Caño Frijol,Torsuani,Long Beach,Dalzuno,Cuenca RÃo Indio,RÃo MaÃz,Guana Creek,Nueva Chontales,Neysi RÃos,La Palma,Sub-Cuenca Mahagony,Krisinbila,Sub-Cuenca Caño Negro,RÃo Kama,El Bluff,Las Mercedes,Monkey Point,El Corozo,Cuenca Punta Gorda,Caño Dalzuno,Haulover,Villa Hermosa,San Ramón,RÃo Cama (El Cilicio),San Brown,La Virgen,San Mariano,La Pichinga,Musulaine,Caño Blanco,Aurora (San Francisco),Kukra River (Delirio),Barra Punta Gorda,Kukra River.- Bluefields waterfront homes.JPG -
Bluefields rural waterfront homes
Education
There are currently two universities in Bluefields. One is the Bluefields campus of the University of the Autonomous Regions of the Nicaraguan Caribbean Coast, and the other is the Bluefields Indian and Caribbean University (BICU).bicu.edu.ni/Transportation and infrastructure
Until recently, there was no road access to Bluefields from the west coast of Nicaragua. There is now a highway from Nueva Guinea with regular bus service. The road was completed in May 2019, and was financed with loans from the Inter-American Development Bank and the World Bank. The road was formally declared open by President Daniel Ortega.WEB,weblink BNamericas - Nicaragua completes Bluefields-Nueva Guinea ..., BNamericas.com, 2020-01-26, Visitors usually either fly in to Bluefields Airport or take a bus from Managua and other cities or take a Panga down the Rio Escondido from the city of El Rama, which itself is accessible from Managua by bus.{{citation needed|date=October 2012}} In the town, taxis are readily available at a fixed price of 14 cordobas per person (2020) and work on a shared basis. The municipal wharf is the home of commercial boat traffic to Corn Island, LaBarra and many other locations which are only accessible by boat. Car ownership is very limited in Bluefields.The municipal government does not provide all necessary services, so additional services related to water, energy, and sanitation are provided by non-governmental organization blueEnergy.Popular culture
- W. Douglas Burden describes the city in his Look to the Wilderness.BOOK, Burden, W. Douglas, Look to the Wilderness, 1956, Little, Brown and Company, Boston, 197â245,
Notable people
- Barbara Carrera, American actress, model and painter
- Norchad Omier, Nicaragua international basketball player currently in U.S. college basketball
References
{{Reflist}}External links
- {{commons category-inline|Bluefields}}
- {{wikivoyage-inline}}
- Paradise Zone Bluefields Evolution
- content above as imported from Wikipedia
- "Bluefields" does not exist on GetWiki (yet)
- time: 7:16am EDT - Sat, May 18 2024
- "Bluefields" does not exist on GetWiki (yet)
- time: 7:16am EDT - Sat, May 18 2024
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