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{{Short description |Third generation of wireless mobile telecommunications technology}}{{Other uses|3G (disambiguation)}}{hide}Multiple issues| }}{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}}File:PC modem 3G HSPA DSC 0084.JPG|thumb|A USB modemUSB modem{{List of mobile phone generations}}3G is the third generation of wireless mobile telecommunications technology. It is the upgrade to 2G, 2.5G, GPRS and 2.75G Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution networks, offering faster data transfer, and better voice quality.WEB,weblink All about the Technology=2011-04-04, itu.int, 2019-08-17, This network was superseded by 4G, and later by 5G. This network is based on a set of standards used for mobile devices and mobile telecommunications services and networks that comply with the International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) specifications set by the International Telecommunication Union. 3G is used in wireless voice telephony, mobile Internet access, fixed wireless Internet access, video calls and mobile TV.3G telecommunication networks support services that provide an information transfer rate of at least 144 kbit/s.WEB,weblink 3G CELLULAR STANDARDS WITH PATENTS, 2014-06-24, projectsatbangalore.com, en, 2019-08-17, WEB,weblink 3G vs. 4G: What's the Difference?, 2015-02-10, PC Magazine, en, 2019-08-17, Later 3G releases, often denoted 3.5G and 3.75G, also provide mobile broadband access of several Mbit/s to smartphones and mobile modems, e.g. in laptop computers. This ensures it is adequate for wireless voice calls, mobile Internet access, fixed wireless Internet access, video calls and mobile TV technologies.A new generation of cellular standards has appeared approximately every tenth year since 1G systems were introduced between 1979 and the early to mid-1980s. Each generation is characterized by new frequency bands, higher data rates and non–backward-compatible transmission technology. The first commercial 3G networks were introduced in mid-2001.WEB,weblink World's first 3G phone network goes live, Charny, Ben, 2001-10-01, ZDNet, en, 2019-08-16, WEB,weblink World's first 3G network live today, McCarthy, Kieren, 2001-10-01, theregister.co.uk, en, 2019-08-16, WEB,weblink THE EVOLUTION TO 3G MOBILE – STATUS REPORT, 2003-07-29, itu.int, 2019-08-16, NEWS,weblink First 3G mobiles launched in Japan, 2001-10-01, 2019-08-16, en-GB,

Overview

Several telecommunications companies marketed wireless mobile Internet services as 3G, indicating that the advertised service was provided over a 3G wireless network. However, 3G services have largely been supplanted in marketing by 4G and 5G services in most areas of the world. Services advertised as 3G are required to meet IMT-2000 technical standards, including standards for reliability and speed (data transfer rates). To meet the IMT-2000 standards, Third-generation mobile networks, or 3G, must maintain minimum consistent Internet speeds of 144 Kbps. However, many services advertised as 3G provide higher speed than the minimum technical requirements for a 3G service.WEB,weblink Download Speeds: Comparing 2G, 3G, 4G & 5G Mobile Networks, 2019-11-23, Ken's Tech Tips, en-US, 2019-08-17, Subsequent 3G releases, denoted 3.5G and 3.75G, provided mobile broadband access of several Mbit/s for smartphones and mobile modems in laptop computers.WEB,weblink HSPA, 3gpp.org, 2019-08-17, 3G branded standards:

• The UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) system, standardized by 3GPP in 2001, was used in Europe, Japan, China (with a different radio interface) and other regions predominated by GSM (Global Systems for Mobile) 2G system infrastructure. The cell phones are typically UMTS and GSM hybrids. Several radio interfaces are offered, sharing the same infrastructure:
  • The original and most widespread radio interface is called W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access).
  • The TD-SCDMA radio interface was commercialized in 2009 and only offered in China.
  • The latest UMTS release, HSPA+, can provide peak data rates up to 56 Mbit/s in the downlink in theory (28 Mbit/s in existing services) and 22 Mbit/s in the uplink.
• The CDMA2000 system, first offered in 2002, standardized by 3GPP2, used especially in North America and South Korea, sharing infrastructure with the IS-95 2G standard. The cell phones are typically CDMA2000 and IS-95 hybrids. The latest release EVDO Rev. B offers peak rates of 14.7 Mbit/s downstream.

The 3G systems and radio interfaces are based on spread spectrum radio transmission technology. While the GSM EDGE standard ("2.9G"), DECT cordless phones and Mobile WiMAX standards formally also fulfill the IMT-2000 requirements and are approved as 3G standards by ITU, these are typically not branded as 3G and are based on completely different technologies.The common standards complying with the IMT2000/3G standard are:

• EDGE, a revision by the 3GPP organization to the older 2G GSM based transmission methods, which utilizes the same switching nodes, base station sites, and frequencies as GPRS, but includes a new base station and cellphone RF circuits. It is based on the three times as efficient 8PSK modulation scheme as a supplement to the original GMSK modulation scheme. EDGE is still used extensively due to its ease of upgrade from existing 2G GSM infrastructure and cell phones.
  • EDGE combined with the GPRS 2.5G technology is called EGPRS, and allows peak data rates in the order of 200 kbit/s, just like the original UMTS WCDMA versions and thus formally fulfill the IMT2000 requirements on 3G systems. However, in practice, EDGE is seldom marketed as a 3G system, but a 2.9G system. EDGE shows slightly better system spectral efficiency than the original UMTS and CDMA2000 systems, but it is difficult to reach much higher peak data rates due to the limited GSM spectral bandwidth of 200 kHz, and it is thus a dead end.
  • EDGE was also a mode in the IS-136 TDMA system, no longer used.
  • Evolved EDGE, the latest revision, has peaks of 1 Mbit/s downstream and 400 kbit/s upstream but is not commercially used.
• The Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, created and revised by the 3GPP. The family is a full revision from GSM in terms of encoding methods and hardware, although some GSM sites can be retrofitted to broadcast in the UMTS/W-CDMA format.
  • W-CDMA is the most common deployment, commonly operated on the 2,100 MHz band. A few others use the 850, 900, and 1,900 MHz bands.
    • HSPA is an amalgamation of several upgrades to the original W-CDMA standard and offers speeds of 14.4 Mbit/s down and 5.76 Mbit/s up. HSPA is backward-compatible and uses the same frequencies as W-CDMA.
    • HSPA+, a further revision and upgrade of HSPA, can provide theoretical peak data rates up to 168 Mbit/s in the downlink and 22 Mbit/s in the uplink, using a combination of air interface improvements as well as multi-carrier HSPA and MIMO. Technically though, MIMO and DC-HSPA can be used without the "+" enhancements of HSPA+.
• The CDMA2000 system, or IS-2000, including CDMA2000 1x and CDMA2000 High Rate Packet Data (or EVDO), standardized by 3GPP2 (differing from the 3GPP), evolving from the original IS-95 CDMA system, is used especially in North America, China, India, Pakistan, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, Europe, and Africa.
  • CDMA2000 1x Rev. E has an increased voice capacity (by three times the original amount) compared to Rev. 0 EVDO Rev. B offers downstream peak rates of 14.7 Mbit/s while Rev. C enhanced existing and new terminal user experience.

While DECT cordless phones and Mobile WiMAX standards formally also fulfill the IMT-2000 requirements, they are not usually considered due to their rarity and unsuitability for usage with mobile phones.WEB,weblinkweblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20081122174257weblink">weblink dead, 2008-11-22, HTC – Touch Phone, PDA Phone, Smartphone, Mobile Computer, 2008-11-22, 2019-08-17,

Break-up of 3G systems

The 3G (UMTS and CDMA2000) research and development projects started in 1992. In 1999, ITU approved five radio interfaces for IMT-2000 as a part of the ITU-R M.1457 Recommendation; WiMAX was added in 2007.WEB,weblink ITU Radiocommunication Assembly approves new developments for its 3G standards, ITU, press release, 1 June 2009,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20090519050045weblink">weblink 19 May 2009, There are evolutionary standards (EDGE and CDMA) that are backward-compatible extensions to pre-existing 2G networks as well as revolutionary standards that require all-new network hardware and frequency allocations. The cell phones use UMTS in combination with 2G GSM standards and bandwidths, but do not support EDGE. The latter group is the UMTS family, which consists of standards developed for IMT-2000, as well as the independently developed standards DECT and WiMAX, which were included because they fit the IMT-2000 definition.While EDGE fulfills the 3G specifications, most GSM/UMTS phones report EDGE ("2.75G") and UMTS ("3G") functionality.WEB,weblink EDGE, 3G, H+, Etc: What Are All These Mobile Networks?, 2019-02-15, MakeUseOf, en-US, 2019-08-17,

History

(File:Cellular network standards and generation timeline.svg|thumb|Cellular network standards and generation timeline.)3G technology was the result of research and development work carried out by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) in the early 1980s. 3G specifications and standards were developed in fifteen years. The technical specifications were made available to the public under the name IMT-2000. The communication spectrum between 400 MHz to 3 GHz was allocated for 3G. Both the government and communication companies approved the 3G standard. The first pre-commercial 3G network was launched by NTT DoCoMo in Japan in 1998,WEB,weblink A Brand New Mobile Millennium Ericsson/CATT/DoCoMo jointly demonstrate pioneering W-CDMA technology at PT/Wireless | Press Center | NTT DOCOMO Global, Nttdocomo.com, 9 November 1999, 30 October 2012,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120206060229weblink">weblink 6 February 2012, dead, branded as FOMA. It was first available in May 2001 as a pre-release (test) of W-CDMA technology. The first commercial launch of 3G was also by NTT DoCoMo in Japan on 1 October 2001, although it was initially somewhat limited in scope;WEB,weblink Economists' Pick | HKTDC Research, economists-pick-research.hktdc.com, 12 January 2020, 31 March 2020,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20200331023724weblink">weblink dead, WEB,weblink broadbandmag.co.uk/3G grinds to a start, 7 April 2009,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20090423070804weblink">weblink 23 April 2009, dead, dmy-all, broader availability of the system was delayed by apparent concerns over its reliability.MAGAZINE,weblink DoCoMo Delays 3G Launch, Wired, 24 April 2001, The first European pre-commercial network was an UMTS network on the Isle of Man by Manx Telecom, the operator then owned by British Telecom, and the first commercial network (also UMTS based W-CDMA) in Europe was opened for business by Telenor in December 2001 with no commercial handsets and thus no paying customers.The first network to go commercially live was by SK Telecom in South Korea on the CDMA-based 1xEV-DO technology in January 2002. By May 2002, the second South Korean 3G network was by KT on EV-DO and thus the South Koreans were the first to see competition among 3G operators.The first commercial United States 3G network was by Monet Mobile Networks, on CDMA2000 1x EV-DO technology, but the network provider later shut down operations. The second 3G network operator in the US was Verizon Wireless in July 2002, also on CDMA2000 1x EV-DO. AT&T Mobility was also a true 3G UMTS network, having completed its upgrade of the 3G network to HSUPA.The first commercial United Kingdom 3G network was started by Hutchison Telecom which was originally behind Orange S.A.NEWS, 3G in UK,weblink 3g.co.uk, In 2003, it announced first commercial third generation or 3G mobile phone network in the UK.The first pre-commercial demonstration network in the southern hemisphere was built in Adelaide, South Australia, by m.Net Corporation in February 2002 using UMTS on 2100 MHz. This was a demonstration network for the 2002 IT World Congress. The first commercial 3G network was launched by Hutchison Telecommunications branded as Three or "3" in June 2003.WEB,weblink About Hutchison, Hutchison Telecommunications (Australia) Limited, 11 June 2008, 2012-04-07, In India, on 11 December 2008, the first 3G mobile and internet services were launched by a state-owned company, Mahanagar Telecom Nigam Limited (MTNL), within the metropolitan cities of Delhi and Mumbai. After MTNL, another state-owned company, Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL), began deploying the 3G networks country-wide.Emtel launched the first 3G network in Africa.WEB,weblink Emtel {{!, Africa Outlook Magazine|website=Africa Outlook Magazine|language=en-GB|access-date=2018-02-03|archive-date=3 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203065338weblink|url-status=dead}}

Adoption

Japan was one of the first countries to adopt 3G, the reason being the process of 3G spectrum allocation, which in Japan was awarded without much upfront cost. The frequency spectrum was allocated in the US and Europe based on auctioning, thereby requiring a huge initial investment for any company wishing to provide 3G services. European companies collectively paid over 100 billion dollars in their spectrum auctions.WEB,weblink Radiocommunications Agency : The Auction of Radio Spectrum for the Third Generation of Mobile Telephones – National Audit Office (NAO) Report, 2001-10-19, National Audit Office, en-US, 2019-08-17, Nepal Telecom adopted 3G Service for the first time in southern Asia. However, its 3G was relatively slow to be adopted in Nepal. In some instances, 3G networks do not use the same radio frequencies as 2G, so mobile operators must build entirely new networks and license entirely new frequencies, especially to achieve high data transmission rates. Other countries' delays were due to the expenses of upgrading transmission hardware, especially for UMTS, whose deployment required the replacement of most broadcast towers. Due to these issues and difficulties with deployment, many carriers could not or delayed the acquisition of these updated capabilities.In December 2007, 190 3G networks were operating in 40 countries and 154 HSDPA networks were operating in 71 countries, according to the Global Mobile Suppliers Association (GSA). In Asia, Europe, Canada, and the US, telecommunication companies use W-CDMA technology with the support of around 100 terminal designs to operate 3G mobile networks.The roll-out of 3G networks was delayed by the enormous costs of additional spectrum licensing fees in some countries. The license fees in some European countries were particularly high, bolstered by government auctions of a limited number of licenses and sealed bid auctions, and initial excitement over 3G's potential. This led to a telecoms crash that ran concurrently with similar crashes in the fibre-optic and dot.com fields.The 3G standard is perhaps well known because of a massive expansion of the mobile communications market post-2G and advances of the consumer mobile phone. An especially notable development during this time is the smartphone (for example, the iPhone, and the Android family), combining the abilities of a PDA with a mobile phone, leading to widespread demand for mobile internet connectivity. 3G has also introduced the term "mobile broadband" because its speed and capability made it a viable alternative for internet browsing, and USB Modems connecting to 3G networks, and now 4G became increasingly common.

Market penetration

By June 2007, the 200 millionth 3G subscriber had been connected of which 10 million were in Nepal and 8.2 million in India. This 200 millionth is only 6.7% of the 3 billion mobile phone subscriptions worldwide. (When counting CDMA2000 1x RTT customers—max bitrate 72% of the 200 kbit/s which defines 3G—the total size of the nearly-3G subscriber base was 475 million as of June 2007, which was 15.8% of all subscribers worldwide.) In the countries where 3G was launched first – Japan and South Korea – 3G penetration is over 70%.WEB,weblink Plus 8 Star presentation, "Is 3G a Dog or a Demon – Hints from 7 years of 3G Hype in Asia", Plus8star.com, 11 June 2008, 2010-09-06, 18 February 2012,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120218202022weblink">weblink dead, In Europe the leading country{{when|date=September 2013}} for 3G penetration is Italy with a third of its subscribers migrated to 3G. Other leading countries{{when|date=September 2013}} for 3G use include Nepal, UK, Austria, Australia and Singapore at the 32% migration level.According to ITU estimates,WEB,weblink Global mobile statistics 2013 Part A: Mobile subscribers; handset market share; mobile operators, mobiThinking, May 2013, 2013-10-15,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20140906115310weblink">weblink 6 September 2014, dead, as of Q4 2012 there were 2096 million active mobile-broadband{{vague|date=September 2013}} subscribers worldwide out of a total of 6835 million subscribers—this is just over 30%. About half the mobile-broadband subscriptions are for subscribers in developed nations, 934 million out of 1600 million total, well over 50%. Note however that there is a distinction between a phone with mobile-broadband connectivity and a smart phone with a large display and so on—although accordingWEB,weblink The 100 million club: the top 10 mobile markets by number of mobile subscriptions, mobiThinking, 2012-12-13, 2013-10-15,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130926050457weblink">weblink 26 September 2013, dead, to the ITU and informatandm.com the US has 321 million mobile subscriptions, including 256 million that are 3G or 4G, which is both 80% of the subscriber base and 80% of the US population, according to ComScore just a year earlier in Q4 2011 only about 42% of people surveyed in the US reported they owned a smart phone. In Japan, 3G penetration was similar at about 81%, but smart phone ownership was lower at about 17%. In China, there were 486.5 million 3G subscribers in June 2014,WEB,weblink China now has 486.5 million 3G subscribers, but only 14 million on new 4G network, Steven Millward, 2014-07-29, 2014-08-04, Tech in Asia, in a population of 1,385,566,537 (2013 UN estimate).

Decline and decommissions

Since the increasing adoption of 4G networks across the globe, 3G use has been in decline. Several operators around the world have already or are in the process of shutting down their 3G networks (see table below). In several places, 3G is being shut down while its older predecessor 2G is being kept in operation; Vodafone Europe is doing this, citing 2G's usefulness as a low-power fallback.WEB,weblink Sod 3G, that can go, but don't rush to turn off 2G, UK still needs it – report, Kat, Hall, www.theregister.com, EE in the UK, plans to switch off their 3G networks in early 2024.WEB, We’re Switching Off Our 3G Network,weblink 2024-01-02, EE, en-gb, In the US, Verizon shutdown their 3G services on 31 December 2022,WEB, 2021-03-30, 3G CDMA Network Shut off date set for December 31, 2022,weblink 2024-01-02, www.verizon.com, en, T-Mobile shut down Sprint's networks on {{Date|Mar 31, 2022}} and shutdown their main networks on 1 July 2022,WEB, T-Mobile Network Evolution,weblink 2024-01-02, T-Mobile Support, en, and AT&T has done so on 22 February 2022.WEB, Kelly, Samantha Murphy, 2022-02-22, AT&T is shutting down its 3G network. Here's how it could impact you {{!, CNN Business |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/02/22/tech/att-3g-network-shutdown/index.html |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=CNN |language=en}}Currently 3G around the world is declining in availability and support. Technology that depends on 3G for usage are becoming inoperable in many places. For example, the European Union plans to ensure that member countries maintain 2G networks as a fallback{{Citation needed|date=April 2022|reason=The only nearby reference doesn't appear to support this, as far as I can tell; it may well be true, but it needs verifiability.}}, so 3G devices that are backwards compatible with 2G frequencies can continue to be used. However, in countries that plan to decommission 2G networks or have already done so as well, such as the United States and Singapore, devices supporting only 3G and backwards compatible with 2G are becoming inoperable.WEB, arsyline.cz,weblink 2G and 3G networks are shutting down globally?! | SECTRON s.r.o, Eshop.sectron.eu, 2022-02-26, As of February 2022, less than 1% of cell phone customers in the United States used 3G; AT&T offered free replacement devices to some customers in the run-up to its shutdown. AT&T is shutting down its 3G network. Here’s how it could impact you

Patents

It has been estimated that there are almost 8,000 patents declared essential (FRAND) related to the 483 technical specifications which form the 3GPP and 3GPP2 standards.WEB,weblink 3G CELLULAR STANDARDS AND PATENTS, engpaper.com, 2012-06-24, 13 June 2005, WEB,weblinkweblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20150620135106weblink">weblink dead, 20 June 2015, 3G CELLULAR STANDARDS AND PATENTS, Polytechnic Institute of New York University, David J. Goodman, IEEE Wireless com, 2012-06-24, 13 June 2005, Twelve companies accounted in 2004 for 90% of the patents (Qualcomm, Ericsson, Nokia, Motorola, Philips, NTT DoCoMo, Siemens, Mitsubishi, Fujitsu, Hitachi, InterDigital, and Matsushita).Even then, some patents essential to 3G might not have been declared by their patent holders. It is believed that Nortel and Lucent have undisclosed patents essential to these standards.Furthermore, the existing 3G Patent Platform Partnership Patent pool has little impact on FRAND protection because it excludes the four largest patent owners for 3G.WEB,weblink Study on the Interplay between Standards and Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs), European Commission, 2012-06-24, 18 July 2009, Pools that cover only a fraction of the actual IPR for a standard are not very useful. It is essential that the large licensees sign up. Examples of pools that have little impact are the 3G Licensing pool (which excludes the four largest IPR owners for 3G) and the 802.11 pool by ViaLicensing.,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20121224154100weblink">weblink 24 December 2012, dead, WEB,weblink Possible 'showstoppers' shadow 3G patent pool, eetimes.com, 2012-06-24, 21 May 1999, Even so, Qualcomm (San Diego) is still a wild card in the patent-pooling effort. Qualcomm was a member of the UMTS group when it was formed in February 1998, but deactivated its membership last September.,

Features

Data rates

ITU has not provided a clearWEB, 3G Licensing Workshop (19–21 September 2001),weblink 2021-06-17, www.itu.int, {{vague|date=September 2013}} definition of the data rate that users can expect from 3G equipment or providers. Thus users sold 3G service may not be able to point to a standard and say that the rates it specifies are not being met. While stating in commentary that "it is expected that IMT-2000 will provide higher transmission rates: a minimum data rate of 2 Mbit/s for stationary or walking users, and 348 kbit/s in a moving vehicle,"WEB In a market implementation, 3G downlink data speeds defined by telecom service providers vary depending on the underlying technology deployed; up to 384 kbit/s for UMTS (WCDMA), up to 7.2 Mbit/sec for HSPA, and a theoretical maximum of 21.1 Mbit/s for HSPA+ and 42.2 Mbit/s for DC-HSPA+ (technically 3.5G, but usually clubbed under the tradename of 3G).{{citation needed|date=April 2017}}Compare data speeds with 3.5G and 4G.

Security

{{see also|Mobile security#Attacks based on the GSM networks}}3G networks offer greater security than their 2G predecessors. By allowing the UE (User Equipment) to authenticate the network it is attaching to, the user can be sure the network is the intended one and not an impersonator. 3G networks use the KASUMI block cipher instead of the older A5/1 stream cipher. However, a number of serious weaknesses in the KASUMI cipher have been identified.WEB , In addition to the 3G network infrastructure security, end-to-end security is offered when application frameworks such as IMS are accessed, although this is not strictly a 3G property.

Applications of 3G

The bandwidth and location information available to 3G devices gives rise to applications not previously available to mobile phone users. It became possible to conveniently surf the internet on a 3G network on the go with minimum hassle, and do many other tasks previously a slow and difficult hassle on 2G. Medical devices, fire alarms, ankle monitors use this network for accomplishing their designated tasks alongside mobile phone users.MAGAZINE,weblink 3G Service Is Going Away Next Year. Here's What That Means, WIRED, 2022-02-26, Ashworth, Boone, This network marked the first for a cellular communications network to be used in such a wide variety of tasks, kick-starting the beginning of widespread usage of cellular networks.

Evolution

Both 3GPP and 3GPP2 are working on the extensions to 3G standards that are based on an all-IP network infrastructure and using advanced wireless technologies such as MIMO. These specifications already display features characteristic for IMT-Advanced (4G), the successor of 3G. However, falling short of the bandwidth requirements for 4G (which is 1 Gbit/s for stationary and 100 Mbit/s for mobile operation), these standards are classified as 3.9G or Pre-4G.3GPP plans to meet the 4G goals with LTE Advanced, whereas Qualcomm has halted UMB development in favour of the LTE family.Qualcomm halts UMB project, Reuters, 13 November 2008On 14 December 2009, TeliaSonera announced in an official press release that "We are very proud to be the first operator in the world to offer our customers 4G services."WEB,weblink first in the world with 4G services, TeliaSonera, 14 December 2009, 2010-09-06, With the launch of their LTE network, initially they are offering pre-4G (or beyond 3G) services in Stockholm, Sweden and Oslo, Norway.

Phase-out

{| class="wikitable sortable"|+! Country! Network! Shutdown end date! Standard! References! Notes

Argentina}}	Telecom Personal>Personal|| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-11-13,	red|Local shutdowns commenced in Q1 2023.}}

{{flag|Australia}}| Optus| 2024-09 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=OPTUS, 2023-02-16, |

| Telstra| 2024-06-30 (est.)| UMTS

	PUBLISHER=TELSTRA	ACCESS-DATE=2021-06-25	ARCHIVE-DATE=2019-11-21, HTTPS://WWW.GIZMODO.COM.AU/2021/12/3G-SHUTDOWN-AUSTRALIA/ >TITLE=HOW TELSTRA, OPTUS AND VODAFONE WILL DEAL WITH THE 3G SHUTDOWN	DATE=2021-12-13, 2022-04-12, |

TPG Telecom>TPG / Vodafone| 2023-12-15| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-10-06, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2023/12/14/VODAFONE-AUSTRALIA-POISED-TO-SWITCH-OFF-ITS-3G-NETWORK-TOMORROW/ >TITLE=VODAFONE AUSTRALIA POISED TO SWITCH OFF ITS 3G NETWORK TOMORROW	DATE=2023-12-14, 2023-12-14, |

Austria}}| Magenta Telekom| 2024 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-04-18, |

{{flag|Belgium}}	Orange Belgium>Orange| 2025-12-31 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-03-06, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2023/06/05/ORANGE-BELGIUM-TO-KICK-OFF-3G-SHUTDOWN-IN-JANUARY-2024/ >TITLE=ORANGE BELGIUM TO KICK OFF 3G SHUTDOWN IN JANUARY 2024	DATE=2023-06-05, 2023-06-06,	red|Local shutdowns to commence in Jan 2024.}}

Telenet (provider)>Telenet|| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-03-06,	red|Local shutdowns to commence in Sep 2024.}}

| Proximus| 2024-12-31 (est.)| UMTS

	PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-12-04, |

{{flag|Canada}}	Bell Mobility>Bell| 2025-12-31 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=HOLOGRAM.IO	ACCESS-DATE=2020-10-24, |

Rogers Wireless>Rogers| 2025-12-31 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=BULWARK	ACCESS-DATE=2020-10-24, HTTPS://WWW.ROGERS.COM/CUSTOMER/SUPPORT/ARTICLE/BUSINESS-NETWORK-UPDATES >TITLE=1900 MHZ SHUTDOWN ON OUR 2G AND 3G WIRELESS NETWORKS	DATE=2021-03-01		PUBLISHER=BLOG.TELEGEOGRAPHY.COM	ACCESS-DATE=2023-05-13,	red|1900 MHz shutdown in Jun 2021.}}850 MHz remains active.

Telus Mobility>Telus| 2025-12-31 (est.)| UMTS| |

{{flag|China}}| China Mobile|	TD SCDMA>TD-SCDMA		PUBLISHER=GSM ASSOCIATION (GSMA), MOBILE WORLD LIVE	ACCESS-DATE=2022-01-22, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2019/03/11/CHINA-MOBILE-CLOSING-DOWN-3G-SYSTEM-COMPLETE-SWITCH-OFF-EXPECTED-BY-2020/ >TITLE=CHINA MOBILE CLOSING DOWN 3G SYSTEM, COMPLETE SWITCH-OFF EXPECTED BY 2020	DATE=2019-03-11, 2022-01-22,	red|Local shutdowns commenced on 16 Mar 2016.}}

| China Telecom| 2025 (est.)| CDMA2000

	PUBLISHER=CDG		PUBLISHER=MONTNETS	ACCESS-DATE=2022-05-14, HTTPS://WWW.LIGHTREADING.COM/ASIA/TURNING-OFF-2G-IN-CHINA-HARDER-THAN-IT-LOOKS/D/D-ID/778630 >TITLE=TURNING OFF 2G IN CHINA HARDER THAN IT LOOKS	DATE=2022-06-29, 2022-12-04,	red|Local shutdowns commenced on 16 Jun 2020.}}

| China Unicom| | UMTS

	PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-11-06,	red|Local shutdowns commenced in Q4 2022.}}

Croatia}}	Hrvatski Telekom>HT| 2025 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-12-14,	red|Local shutdown commenced in Dec 2023.}}

{{flag|Czech Republic}}	O2 Czech Republic>O2| 2021-11-30| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2021-12-06, |

T-Mobile Czech Republic>Telekom| 2021-11-30| UMTS| |

Vodafone Czech Republic>Vodafone| 2021-03-31| UMTS		TRANS-TITLE=IT STARTED BOMBASTICALLY WITH A HELICOPTER, ENDING IN SILENCE IN TWO WEEKS. VODAFONE'S 3G NETWORK	LANGUAGE=CS	ACCESS-DATE=2021-04-14, |

Denmark}}	TT-Netværket(Telenor Denmark>Telenor, Telia)| 2023-03-20| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-04-11, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2023/04/20/TELIA-TELENOR-DECOMMISSION-THEIR-3G-NETWORKS-IN-DENMARK/ >TITLE=TELIA, TELENOR DECOMMISSION THEIR 3G NETWORKS IN DENMARK	DATE=2023-04-20, 2023-04-23, | Service on the 2100 MHz band ended in 2021.Shutdown on the 900 MHz band commenced in summer 2022.

{{flag|Estonia}}	Tele2#Estonia>Tele2| 2025-12-31 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-08-27, |

| Telia Eesti| 2023-12-13| UMTS

	PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-04-11, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2023/01/17/TELIA-ESTONIA-TO-START-3G-SHUTDOWN-AT-END-FEBRUARY/ >TITLE=TELIA ESTONIA TO START 3G SHUTDOWN AT END-FEBRUARY	DATE=2023-01-17		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-10-02, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2023/12/13/TELIA-COMPLETES-ESTONIAN-3G-SHUTDOWN/ >TITLE=TELIA COMPLETES ESTONIAN 3G SHUTDOWN	DATE=2023-12-13, 2023-12-14, |

{{flag|Finland}}	DNA Oyj>DNA| 2024-01-25| UMTS		PUBLISHER=DNA OYJ		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-11-19, HTTPS://WWW.MOBILEEUROPE.CO.UK/DNA-WILL-DENSIFY-4G-WITH-3G-SPECTRUM-AFTER-SHUTDOWNS/ >TITLE=DNA WILL DENSIFY 4G WITH 3G SPECTRUM AFTER SHUTDOWNS	DATE=2023-11-23		PUBLISHER=ALMA MEDIA OYJ 2024	ACCESS-DATE=2024-03-03, | Local shutdowns commenced in May 2023.

Elisa (company)>Elisa| 2023-11-30| UMTS		PUBLISHER=ELISA OYJ	ACCESS-DATE=2024-03-03, | Local shutdowns commenced in Apr 2023.

Finnish Shared Network	Suomen Yhteisverkko}}| 2024-12 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=DNA OYJ	ACCESS-DATE=2024-03-03, | Joint company by Telia and DNA to manage networks in Northern and Eastern Finland.

Telia Company>Telia| 2024-06 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-09-11, HTTPS://WWW.TELIA.FI/3G >TITLE=3G-VERKKO ON SIIRTYMäSSä HISTORIAAN	LANGUAGE=FI, 2024-03-03,	red|Local shutdowns commenced on 09 Sep 2023.}}

{{flag|France}}	Bouygues Telecom>Bouygues| 2029 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-02-11, |

Orange S.A.>Orange| 2028-12-31 (est.)| UMTS| |

| SFR| 2028 (est.)| UMTS

	PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-01-28, |

{{flag|Germany}}| Deutsche Telekom| 2021-07-01| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2021-07-13, |

Telefónica Germany>O2| 2021-12-31| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2021-04-14, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2021/06/08/TELEFONICA-DEUTSCHLAND-TO-BEGIN-3G-SWITCH-OFF-ON-1-JULY/ >TITLE=TELEFONICA DEUTSCHLAND TO BEGIN 3G SWITCH-OFF ON 1 JULY	DATE=2021-06-08		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2021-08-27, |

Vodafone Germany>Vodafone| 2021-06-30| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2021-04-14, |

{{flag|Greece}}| Cosmote| 2021-12-31| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-02-05, |

Nova (Greece)>NOVA| 2023-03-27| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2021-07-13, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2022/07/04/WIND-HELLAS-TO-BEGIN-3G-SHUTDOWN/ >TITLE=WIND HELLAS TO BEGIN 3G SHUTDOWN	DATE=2022-07-04		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-01-13, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2023/03/27/NOVA-HANGS-UP-ON-3G/ >TITLE=NOVA HANGS UP ON 3G	DATE=2023-03-27, 2023-03-31, |

Vodafone Greece>Vodafone| 2023-05-31| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-01-28, |

Greenland}}| Tusass|| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-12-22, |

{{flag|Hungary}}| Magyar Telekom| 2022-06-30| UMTS		PUBLISHER=COMMSUPDATE	ACCESS-DATE=2022-04-18, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2022/06/17/TELEKOM-CONFIRMS-3G-SHUTDOWN-WILL-COMPLETE-THIS-MONTH/ >TITLE=TELEKOM CONFIRMS 3G SHUTDOWN WILL COMPLETE THIS MONTH	DATE=2022-06-17		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-04-23, |

| Yettel Hungary| 2023-11-13| UMTS

	PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-10-14, |

| Vodafone Hungary| 2023-03-31| UMTS

	PUBLISHER=T.E.L.L. SOFTWARE HUNGARIA KFT.	DATE=2022-10-04, 2023-04-23, |

Iceland}}| | 2025 (est.)|		PUBLISHER=TELGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-12-04, | Per government statement

{{flag|India}}	Airtel India>Airtel| 2020-03-31| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-01-01, HTTPS://WWW.LIVEMINT.COM/COMPANIES/NEWS/BHARTI-AIRTEL-SHUTS-DOWN-3G-NETWORKS-ACROSS-11-CIRCLES-11580900449671.HTML >TITLE=BHARTI AIRTEL SHUTS DOWN 3G NETWORKS ACROSS 11 CIRCLES	DATE=2020-02-05, 2021-04-14, |

| Vodafone Idea| 2022-10-06| UMTS

	PUBLISHER=VODAFONE IDEA LIMITED	ACCESS-DATE=2023-01-28,	4G/LTE (telecommunication)>LTE.

{{flag|Indonesia}}| Telkomsel|| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-07-09, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2022/10/24/TELKOMSEL-UPGRADES-3G-NETWORK-TO-4G-IN-185-CITIESDISTRICTS/ >TITLE=TELKOMSEL UPGRADES 3G NETWORK TO 4G IN 185 CITIES/DISTRICTS	DATE=2022-10-24, 2023-03-22,	red|Local shutdowns commenced in Mar 2022.}}

| Indosat| 2022-12-31| UMTS

	PUBLISHER=DETIKCOM	ACCESS-DATE=2022-07-16, |

| XL Axiata|| UMTS

	LANGUAGE=ID	PUBLISHER=XL AXIATA		PUBLISHER=INDONESIA BUSINESS POST	ACCESS-DATE=2024-01-25,	red|Local shutdowns commenced in June 2021.}}

Ireland}}	Vodafone Ireland>Vodafone| | UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-07-03,	red|Local shutdowns commenced in Feb 2023.}}

Israel}}| | 2025-12-31 (est.)|		PUBLISHER=TELGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-06-06, | Per government statement

{{flag|Italy}}	Gruppo TIM>TIM| 2022-10-21| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-02-05, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2022/05/09/TIM-TO-DELAY-3G-SHUTDOWN-UNTIL-JULY/ >TITLE=TIM TO DELAY 3G SHUTDOWN UNTIL JULY	DATE=2022-05-09		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-06-19, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2022/10/21/TIM-COMPLETES-3G-SHUTDOWN/ >TITLE=TIM COMPLETES 3G SHUTDOWN	DATE=2022-10-21, 2022-10-22, |

Vodafone Italy>Vodafone| 2021-02-28| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2021-04-14, |

{{flag|Japan}}| KDDI| 2022-03-31| CDMA2000		PUBLISHER=CDG		PUBLISHER=NIPPON.COM	ACCESS-DATE=2021-04-14, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2022/03/31/KDDI-AU-SHUTTING-3G-NETWORK-TODAY-ADVISES-USERS-TO-UPGRADE-IF-THEY-WISH-TO-KEEP-ITS-SERVICES/ >TITLE=KDDI (AU) SHUTTING 3G NETWORK TODAY; ADVISES USERS TO UPGRADE IF THEY WISH TO KEEP ITS SERVICES	DATE=2022-03-31, 2022-04-18, | CDMA2000 1X, 1xEV-DO Rel. 0, 1xEV-DO Rev. A, EV-DO Rev. B

| NTT docomo| 2026-03-31 (est.)| UMTS

	TRANS-TITLE=END OF SERVICE FOR "FOMA" AND "I-MODE"	LANGUAGE=JA	ACCESS-DATE=2021-04-14, |

| Softbank| 2024-04-15 (est.)| UMTS

	PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-12-04, HTTPS://WWW.MOBILEWORLDLIVE.COM/SOFTBANK/SOFTBANK-DELAYS-3G-CLOSURE-DUE-TO-EARTHQUAKE/ >TITLE=SOFTBANK DELAYS 3G CLOSURE DUE TO EARTHQUAKE	DATE=2024-01-17, 2024-01-19, |

Kazakhstan}}	Tele2#Kazakhstan>Tele2|| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELE2 KAZAKHSTAN	ACCESS-DATE=2024-03-06,	red|Local shutdown commenced on 28 Mar 2024.}}

Lithuania}}	Telia Company>Telia| 2022-12-15| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-02-19, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2022/06/06/TELIA-SHUTS-DOWN-A-THIRD-OF-3G-BASE-STATIONS/ >TITLE=TELIA SHUTS DOWN A THIRD OF 3G BASE STATIONS	DATE=2022-06-06		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-03-18, |

{{flag|Luxembourg}}	Orange S.A.>Orange| 2025-12-31 (est.)| UMTS| |

Tango (telecom)>Tango / Telindus| 2024-01-31| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-03-05, |

{{flag|Malaysia}}| Celcom	2021-12-31	UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2021-09-12, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2021/11/26/DIGI-CONFIRMS-3G-SHUTDOWN-TIMELINE/ >TITLE=DIGI CONFIRMS 3G SHUTDOWN TIMELINE	DATE=2021-11-26, 2021-11-26, |

Maxis Communications>Maxis| |

| U Mobile| |

Digi Telecommunications>Digi		PUBLISHER=NEW STRAITS TIMES	ACCESS-DATE=2022-02-16, |

Moldova}}| Interdnestrcom| 2023-08-01| CDMA2000		TRANS-TITLE=PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LTE NETWORK AND THE TERMINATION OF THE PROVISION OF CELLULAR SERVICES IN THE CDMA STANDARD	LANGUAGE=RUSSIAN	ACCESS-DATE=2023-09-22, |

Montenegro}}| Crnogorski Telekom| 2024-01-22| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-10-02, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2024/01/10/CRNOGORSKI-TELEKOM-TO-SHUTTER-3G-NETWORK-ON-22-JANUARY/ >TITLE=CRNOGORSKI TELEKOM TO SHUTTER 3G NETWORK ON 22 JANUARY	DATE=2024-01-10, 2024-01-12, |

{{flag|Netherlands}}| KPN| 2023-05-10| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2021-04-14, HTTPS://WWW.OVERONS.KPN/NIEUWS/EN/MORE-CAPACITY-ON-KPNS-MOBILE-NETWORK-WITH-3G-FREQUENCIES/ >TITLE=MORE CAPACITY ON KPN'S MOBILE NETWORK WITH 3G-FREQUENCIES	DATE=2022-03-30		PUBLISHER=THINGSDATA	ACCESS-DATE=2023-05-12, |Local shutdown commenced on 31 Mar 2022.

VodafoneZiggo>Vodafone| 2020-02-04| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2021-04-14, |

{{flag|New Zealand}}| 2degrees| 2025 Q4 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-08-09, |

One NZ>One| 2024 Q4 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-08-27,	red|Local shutdown will commence by Aug 2024.}}

Spark New Zealand>Spark| 2025-12-31 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-03-31, |

{{flag|Norway}}	Telia Company>Telia| 2021-11-11| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2021-11-12, |

| Telenor| 2021-01-31| UMTS

	PUBLISHER=TELENOR	DATE=2021-01-31, 2024-03-03, |

Oman}}| Omantel| 2024 Q3 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-03-07, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2023/08/17/TRA-PREPARES-FOR-3G-SHUTDOWN-STARTING-Q3-2024/ >TITLE=TRA PREPARES FOR 3G SHUTDOWN STARTING Q3 2024	DATE=2023-08-17, 2023-09-01, |

Philippines}}	Smart Communications>Smart (PLDT)|| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-08-19, |

{{flag|Poland}}	T-Mobile Poland>T-Mobile| 2023-04 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-02-05, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2022/09/14/T-MOBILE-POLAND-TO-BEGIN-3G-SWITCH-OFF-THIS-MONTH/ >TITLE=T-MOBILE POLAND TO BEGIN 3G SWITCH-OFF THIS MONTH	DATE=2022-09-14		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-01-11,	red|Shutdown commenced in Apr 2023.}}

Orange Polska>Orange| 2025-12-31 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-03-31, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2023/09/08/3G-SHUTDOWN-PROCESS-TO-GET-UNDERWAY-THIS-MONTH-AT-ORANGE-POLAND/ >TITLE=3G SHUTDOWN PROCESS TO GET UNDERWAY THIS MONTH AT ORANGE POLAND	DATE=2023-09-08, 2023-09-11,	red|Local shutdown commenced on 26 Sep 2023.}}

{{flag|Portugal}}	MEO (telecommunication company)>MEO| 2024-01-31| UMTS		LANGUAGE=PT-PT	ACCESS-DATE=2023-10-21, | Local shutdown commenced on 04 Sep 2023.

Vodafone Portugal>Vodafone| 2024-07 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=VODAFONE PORTUGAL	ACCESS-DATE=2023-10-21, |

NOS (Portuguese company)>NOS| 2024-05 (est.)| UMTS		website=forum.nos.pt	date=2024-01-04 |access-date=2024-02-14}}	red|Shutdown commenced in May 2024.}}

{{flag|Romania}}	Digi Communications>Digi| 2023-08-29| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-09-01, |

Orange Romania>Orange| 2025-12-31 (est.)| UMTS| |

Telekom Romania Mobile>Telekom| 2023-03-31| UMTS		TRANS-TITLE=WITHDRAWAL OF 3G TECHNOLOGY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-02-27, |

{{flag|Russia}}	Beeline (brand)>Beeline| 2025 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-03-18,	red|Shutdown commenced in Moscow in Feb 2023.}}

MTS (network provider)>MTS| 2025 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-08-09, |

Saudi Arabia}}	Saudi Telecom Company>stc| 2022-12-31| UMTS		PUBLISHER=SAUDI TELECOM COMPANY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-12-29, |

{{flag|Singapore}}	M1 (Singaporean company)>M1	2024-07-31 (est.)	UMTS	HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2023/07/27/SINGAPORE-MNOS-TO-FULLY-RETIRE-3G-SERVICES-BY-END-JULY-2024/ >TITLE=SINGAPORE MNOS TO FULLY RETIRE 3G SERVICES BY END-JULY 2024	DATE=2023-07-27, 2023-08-09,	Per government statement

| Singtel| StarHub

{{flag|Slovakia}}	O2 Slovakia>O2|| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-12-14,	red|Local shutdown commences in Jan 2024.}}

Orange Slovensko>Orange| 2024-02-22| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-11-19, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2024/01/04/ORANGE-SLOVAKIA-TO-COMPLETE-3G-SHUTDOWN-ON-22-FEBRUARY/ >TITLE=ORANGE SLOVAKIA TO COMPLETE 3G SHUTDOWN ON 22 FEBRUARY	DATE=2024-01-04, 2024-01-05, |

| Slovak Telekom| 2023-11-23| UMTS

	PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-10-02, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2023/11/23/SLOVAK-TELEKOM-WAVES-GOODBYE-TO-3G/ >TITLE=SLOVAK TELEKOM WAVES GOODBYE TO 3G	DATE=2023-11-23, 2023-11-26, | Local shutdown commenced on 3 Oct 2023.

{{flag|Slovenia}}| Telekom Slovenije| 2022-09-30| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-04-18, |

| A1 Slovenija| 2023-06-30| UMTS

	PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-04-27, |

{{flag|South Africa}}| | 2025-03 (est.)|		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-06-19, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2022/09/06/SA-COMMS-MINISTER-PROPOSES-2G3G-SWITCH-OFFS-IN-20242025/ >TITLE=SA COMMS MINISTER PROPOSES 2G/3G SWITCH-OFFS IN 2024/2025	DATE=2022-09-06, 2022-09-06, | Per government statement

{{flag|South Korea}}	KT Corporation>KT| 2012-03-19| CDMA2000		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2021-01-23, HTTP://WWW.ITPR.OR.KR/INCLUDE/ASP/DOWNLOADPDF.ASP?ARTICLEUID={488A63FE-B14B-4856-90D3-29DDAACE4D42} >TITLE=TERMINATING 2G SERVICE IN KOREA: POLICY ISSUES AND SUGGESTIONS	DATE=2014-03-01		PUBLISHER=BUSINESSKOREA	ACCESS-DATE=2022-04-24,	cdmaOne (IS-95).HTTPS://BLOG.TELEGEOGRAPHY.COM/2G-BOWS-OUT-5G-GROWS-IN-SOUTH-KOREA	PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY BLOG	ACCESS-DATE=2021-02-15, CDMA2000 1X, 1xEV-DO Rel. 0KT also operates an UMTS "3G" network.

LG Uplus>LG U+| 2021-06-30| CDMA2000		PUBLISHER=CDG		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2016-12-31, HTTP://WWW.KOREAHERALD.COM/VIEW.PHP?UD=20210117000147 >TITLE=S. KOREA TO END 2G NETWORK SERVICES BY JUNE	DATE=2021-01-17, 2021-01-23, | CDMA2000 1X, 1xEV-DO Rev. A, EV-DO Rev. B

| SK Telecom| 2020-07-27| CDMA2000

	PUBLISHER=CDG		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2020-07-28, | CDMA2000 was also referred to as "2G" in South Korea, besides cdmaOne (IS-95).CDMA2000 1X, 1xEV-DO Rel. 0SKT also operates an UMTS "3G" network.

Spain}}	Orange España>Orange| 2025-12-31 (est.)| UMTS| |

{{flag|Sri Lanka}}	Airtel Lanka>Airtel| 2022-06-12| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-05-07, |

| Dialog Axiata|| UMTS

	PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-01-06, |

{{flag|Sweden}}	Telenor Sverige>Telenor| 2025-12 (est.)| UMTS		publisher=Telenor	access-date=2023-11-26}}|

Telia Company>Telia| 2025 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELIA	ACCESS-DATE=2023-11-26, |

3 (company)>Three| 2025-12-01 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TRE	ACCESS-DATE=2023-11-26, HTTPS://WWW.TRE.SE/TREFORETAG/INSPIRATION/AVVECKLING-2G-3G >TITLE=Så BöR DU TäNKA NäR 2G OCH 3G-NäTET AVVECKLAS	LANGUAGE=SV, 2023-11-26,	red|Local shutdown for 2100 MHz commenced in late 2021.}}

{{flag|Switzerland}}	Sunrise LLC>Sunrise| 2025-06 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-12-04, |

Swisscom AG>Swisscom| 2025-12-01 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=SWISSCOM, |

{{flag|Taiwan}}| Asia Pacific Telecom| 2017-12-31| CDMA2000		PUBLISHER=CDG		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-04-01, | CDMA2000 1X, 1xEV-DO Rev. A

Chunghwa TelecomFar EasToneTaiwan MobileVibo Telecom>Taiwan Star| 2018-12-31|		PUBLISHER=TELECOM ASIA	ACCESS-DATE=2021-04-14, HTTPS://WWW.ZDNET.COM/ARTICLE/TAIWAN-TO-SHUT-DOWN-3G-NETWORKS-BY-YEAR-END/ >TITLE=TAIWAN TO SHUT DOWN 3G NETWORKS BY YEAR END	DATE=2018-12-18, 2021-04-14, | Per government statement

{{flag|United Kingdom}}	EE (telecommunications)>EE| 2024-02-25| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-05-30, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2023/09/19/EES-3G-NETWORK-SHUTDOWN-TO-BE-COMPLETED-BY-MARCH-2024/ >TITLE=EE’S 3G NETWORK SHUTDOWN TO BE COMPLETED BY MARCH 2024	DATE=2023-09-19		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-12-14, HTTPS://WWW.ISPREVIEW.CO.UK/INDEX.PHP/2024/02/EE-SWITCHES-OFF-FINAL-3G-MOBILE-NETWORK-SITE-IN-THE-UK.HTML >TITLE=EE SWITCHES OFF FINAL 3G MOBILE NETWORK SITE IN THE UK	PUBLISHER=ISPREVIEW	ACCESS-DATE=2024-02-26,

Three UK>Three| 2024-12-31 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-05-14, |

Virgin Media O2>O2| 2025-12-31 (est.)| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-09-11, |

Vodafone UK>Vodafone| 2024-02-28| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-04-18, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2023/03/13/VODAFONE-UK-CONFIRMS-ITS-FIRST-3G-NETWORK-SWITCH-OFF-IN-TWO-LOCATIONS/ >TITLE=VODAFONE UK CONFIRMS ITS FIRST 3G NETWORK SWITCH-OFF IN TWO LOCATIONS	DATE=2023-03-13		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-05-13, HTTPS://WWW.TELECOMSTECHNEWS.COM/NEWS/2024/FEB/28/VODAFONE-UK-3G-SHUTDOWN-ENHANCE-4G-5G-SERVICES/ >TITLE=VODAFONE UK COMPLETES 3G SHUTDOWN TO ENHANCE 4G/5G SERVICES	DATE=2024-02-28, 2024-03-03, | Local shutdown commenced in Jun 2023.

{{flag	Puerto Rico}}{{flag|US Virgin Islands}}| Appalachian Wireless| 2023-01-03| CDMA2000		PUBLISHER=CDG		PUBLISHER=APPALACHIAN WIRELESS	ACCESS-DATE=2023-04-01, HTTPS://MOUNTAIN-TOPMEDIA.COM/APPALACHIAN-WIRELESS-TO-SHUT-DOWN-3G-CDMA-SERVICE-THIS-MONTH/ >TITLE=APPALACHIAN WIRELESS TO SHUT DOWN 3G/CDMA SERVICE THIS MONTH	DATE=2023-01-04, 2023-03-18, | CDMA2000 1X, 1xEV-DO Rev. A

| AT&T| 2022-02-22| UMTS

	PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2021-04-14, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2022/02/23/ATT-SWITCHES-OFF-3G-NETWORK/ >TITLE=AT&T SWITCHES OFF 3G NETWORK	DATE=2022-02-23, 2022-02-23, |

Cellcom (United States)>Cellcom| 2023-03-31| CDMA2000		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-10-02, |

| Cellular One of North East Arizona|| UMTS

	PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2023-05-04, |

| Commnet Wireless (Choice)| 2022-12-31| CDMA2000

	PUBLISHER=CHOICE WIRELESS, 2024-02-05, |

| Liberty| 2022-02-22| UMTS

	PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2022-01-31, |

| Silver Star| 2022-12-30| CDMA2000

	PUBLISHER=CDG		PUBLISHER=SILVER STAR	ACCESS-DATE=2023-01-25, | CDMA2000 1X & 1xEV-DO Rev. A

| Strata Networks| 2022-12-31| CDMA2000

	DATE=2021-08-05, 2023-11-02, |

T-Mobile US>T-Mobile| 2022-07-01| UMTS		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2021-04-14, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2021/08/10/T-MOBILE-US-EYES-OCTOBER-2021-W-CDMA-SHUTDOWN/ >TITLE=T-MOBILE US EYES OCTOBER 2021 W-CDMA SHUTDOWN	DATE=2021-08-10		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2021-09-18, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2022/07/04/SPRINT-REACHES-THE-FINISHING-LINE-LEGACY-LTE-NETWORKS-SWITCHED-OFF-BY-T-MOBILE/ >TITLE=SPRINT REACHES THE FINISHING LINE: LEGACY LTE NETWORKS SWITCHED OFF BY T-MOBILE	DATE=2022-07-04, 2022-07-05, |

T-Mobile US>T-Mobile (Sprint)| 2022-05-31| CDMA2000		PUBLISHER=CDG		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2021-11-01, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2022/03/31/T-MOBILE-US-COMMENCES-CDMA-SHUTDOWN-EXPANDS-5G-HOME-INTERNET-FOOTPRINT/ >TITLE=T-MOBILE US COMMENCES CDMA SHUTDOWN; EXPANDS 5G HOME INTERNET FOOTPRINT	DATE=2022-03-31, 2022-04-18, | CDMA2000 1X, 1X Adv. (Rev.E), 1xEV-DO Rel. 0, 1xEV-DO Rev. AShutdown commenced on 31 Mar 2022.

| UScellular| 2024-01-14| CDMA2000

	PUBLISHER=CDG		DATE=2021-10-04	PUBLISHER=FIERCE WIRELESS, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2023/12/01/USCELLULAR-TO-SWITCH-OFF-CDMA-NETWORK-ON-14-JANUARY-2024/ >TITLE=USCELLULAR TO SWITCH OFF CDMA NETWORK ON 14 JANUARY 2024	DATE=2023-12-01, 2023-12-01, | CDMA2000 1X1xEV-DO (Rel. 0 & Rev. A) shutdown commenced in 2021.

Verizon Wireless>Verizon| 2022-12-31| CDMA2000		PUBLISHER=CDG		PUBLISHER=TELEGEOGRAPHY	ACCESS-DATE=2021-04-14, HTTPS://WWW.COMMSUPDATE.COM/ARTICLES/2022/12/06/VERIZON-RAMPS-UP-5G-COVERAGE-AS-3G-SHUTDOWN-LOOMS/ >TITLE=VERIZON RAMPS UP 5G COVERAGE AS 3G SHUTDOWN LOOMS	DATE=2022-12-06, 2022-12-11, | CDMA2000 1X, 1xEV-DO Rel. 0, 1xEV-DO Rev. A

See also

• List of mobile phone generations
• Mobile radio telephone (also known as "0G")
• Mobile broadband
• Wireless device radiation and health
• 1G
• 2G
• 4G
• 5G
• LTE (telecommunication)

References

{{Reflist|30em}}

External links

• {{Commons category-inline}}

{{Mobile telecommunications standards}}{{Mobile phones}}{{Telecommunications}}