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Guilin
please note:
- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
- it has been imported raw for GetWiki
{{Short description|Prefecture-level city in Guangxi}}{{More citations needed|date=April 2011}}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
- it has been imported raw for GetWiki
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|border = infobox
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|image_style = border:1;
|perrow = 1/2/3/1
|image1 = View of Guilin from Elephant Trunk Hill (cropped).jpg
|image2 = Xiangshan Scenic Area 89468-Guilin (31130832628).jpg
|image3 = Lake Shanhu pagodas at night.jpg
|image4 = Longsheng rice terraces 87849-Longsheng (49040768916).jpg
|image5 = Jingjiang Princes City 89785-Guilin (49040802591).jpg
|image6 = Flickr - archer10 (Dennis) - China-7516.jpg
|image7 = 1 aerial yangshuo panorama 2017.jpg
}}|total_width = 280px
|image_style = border:1;
|perrow = 1/2/3/1
|image1 = View of Guilin from Elephant Trunk Hill (cropped).jpg
|image2 = Xiangshan Scenic Area 89468-Guilin (31130832628).jpg
|image3 = Lake Shanhu pagodas at night.jpg
|image4 = Longsheng rice terraces 87849-Longsheng (49040768916).jpg
|image5 = Jingjiang Princes City 89785-Guilin (49040802591).jpg
|image6 = Flickr - archer10 (Dennis) - China-7516.jpg
|image7 = 1 aerial yangshuo panorama 2017.jpg
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History
Before the Qin dynasty, the Guilin region was settled by the Baiyue people. In 314 BC, a small settlement was established along the banks of the Li River.WEB,weblink Cruise Through The Beautiful Scenery Of The Li River In Guilin, Discover China, 2020-01-25, During the Qin dynasty's (221â206 BC) campaigns against the state of Nanyue, the first administration was set up in the area around Guilin.WEB,weblink Guilin (China) Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica (Online), 11 July 2013, The modern city was located within the Guilin Commandery, which is the origin of the modern name "Guilin".In 111 BC, during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han dynasty, Shi'an County ({{zh|links=no|s=å§å®å¿|t=å§å®ç¸£}}) was established, which could be regarded as the beginning of the city.In AD 507, the town was renamed Guizhou (Gui Prefecture, {{zh|labels=no|c=æ¡å·}}).In 634, Lingui County was established at the modern site of Guilin, under Gui Prefecture. In 868, Pang Xun rebelled against the Tang from Gui Prefecture.Guilin prospered in the Tang and Song dynasties but remained a county. The city was also a nexus between the central government and the southwest border, and it was where regular armies were placed to guard that border. Canals were built through the city so that food supplies could be directly transported from the food-productive Yangtze plain to the farthest southwestern point of the empire.In 997, Guangnan West Circuit, the predecessor of modern Guangxi, was established, with Guizhou as the capital. In 1133, Guizhou was renamed Jingjiang Prefecture ({{zh|links=no|s=éæ±è·¯|t=éæ±è·¯}}). In 1367, the name was changed to Guilin Prefecture ({{zh|labels=no|c=æ¡æåº}}).WEB, zh:æ¡ææ¦åµ,weblink people.com.cn, zh-cn, 29 October 2018, 29 October 2018,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20181029191712weblink">weblink dead, In 1921, Guilin became one of the headquarters of the Northern Expeditionary Army led by Sun Yat-sen.WEB,weblink Guilin never ceases to amaze, 19 April 2016, In 1940, Guilin City was established.WEB,weblink History of Guilin, 18 March 2013,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120509193825weblink">weblink 9 May 2012, dead, dmy-all, WEB,weblink Guilin History, 19 April 2016, Guilin was the provincial capital of Guangxi before 1912 and from 1936 to 1949.Guilin became one of the most important military, transport, and cultural centers of China during World War II. The city drastically expanded as refugees from all over China poured in, and by 1944 its population had grown from 70,000 pre-war to more than 500,000. It hosted intellectuals and artists including Guo Moruo, Mao Dun, Ba Jin, Tian Han, Xu Beihong, Feng Zikai and many others.NEWS, åå¿50åï½å¹¿è¥¿æ¡æï¼"æææåå"çæ°ææ ä¹è·¯,weblink 7 December 2021, thepaper.cn, 23 April 2021, In 1950, the provincial capital of Guangxi was moved from Guilin to Nanning.In 1981, Guilin was listed by the State Council as one of the four cities (the other three being Beijing, Hangzhou, and Suzhou) where the protection of historical and cultural heritage, as well as natural scenery, should be treated as a priority project.WEB,weblink Beijing Hotels ã #1 Ranked Hotel in Beijing ã - Nehow.com, Nehow.com, 19 April 2016, WEB,weblink Guilin History, 19 April 2016,Administrative divisions
File:ä¼æ³¢å±±.JPG|thumb|upright=1.2|Statue of Ma Yuan at Fuboshan, Guilin.]]File:ææ°ææçæ¡æ.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Streets of Guilin during the World War IIWorld War IIGuilin administers seventeen county-level divisions, including 6 districts, 8 counties, 2 autonomous counties, and 1 county-level city.- District:
- County-level city:
- Lipu city ()
- County:
- Yangshuo County ()
- Lingchuan County ()
- Xing'an County ()
- Quanzhou County ()
- Yongfu County ()
- Ziyuan County ()
- Guanyang County ()
- Pingle County ()
- Autonomous county:
Geography
File:Txu-oclc-10552568-ng49-10.jpg|thumb|Map including Guilin (labeled as KUEI-LIN (KWEILIN) (Walled)) (AMS, 1954)]]Guilin is located in northern Guangxi, bordering Liuzhou to the west, Laibin to the southwest, Wuzhou to the south, Hezhou to the southeast, and within neighbouring Hunan, Huaihua to the northwest, Shaoyang to the north, and Yongzhou to the east. It has a total area of {{convert|27809|km2}}. The topography of the area is marked by karst formations. The karsts surrounding Guilin are made of Triassic period limestone and dolomite rocks. The Li River flows through the city.- Hills and mountains: Diecai Hill (), Elephant Trunk Hill, Wave-Subduing Hill (), Lipu Mountains, Kitten Mountain, the highest peak of Guangxi, and Yao Hill ()
- Caves: Reed Flute Cave, Seven-star Cave
Climate
File:Guilin (579528340).jpg|thumb|Fog on the Li RiverLi RiverGuilin has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa, bordering on Cwa), with short, mild winters, and long, hot, humid summers. Winter begins dry but becomes progressively wetter and cloudier. Spring is generally overcast and often rainy, while summer continues to be rainy though is the sunniest time of year. Autumn is sunny and dry. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from {{convert|8.1|°C|1}} in January to {{convert|28.2|°C|1}} in July, and the annual mean is {{convert|19.12|°C|1}}. The annual rainfall is just under {{convert|1890|mm|in|abbr=on}} and is delivered in bulk (~50%) from April to June, when the plum rains occur and often create the risk of flooding. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 14% in March to 53% in September, the city receives 1,487 hours of bright sunshine annually.{{Weather box|width=auto|metric first=y|single line=y |collapsed = Y|location = Guilin (1991â2020 normals, extremes 1951â2010)|Jan high C = 11.7|Feb high C = 14.2|Mar high C = 17.5|Apr high C = 23.7|May high C = 27.9|Jun high C = 30.5|Jul high C = 32.8|Aug high C = 33.2|Sep high C = 30.8|Oct high C = 26.3|Nov high C = 20.8|Dec high C = 14.9|Jan mean C = 8.4|Feb mean C = 10.6|Mar mean C = 13.9|Apr mean C = 19.6|May mean C = 23.7|Jun mean C = 26.6|Jul mean C = 28.4|Aug mean C = 28.4|Sep mean C = 26.0|Oct mean C = 21.5|Nov mean C = 16.2|Dec mean C = 10.8|Jan low C = 6.1|Feb low C = 8.3|Mar low C = 11.4|Apr low C = 16.6|May low C = 20.7|Jun low C = 23.8|Jul low C = 25.2|Aug low C = 25.0|Sep low C = 22.6|Oct low C = 18.3|Nov low C = 13.1|Dec low C = 8.0Demographics
According to the 2020 Chinese census its population was 4,931,137 inhabitants and 2,148,641 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of 6 urban Districts plus Lingchuan County now being conurbated.According to the 2010 Chinese census, the largest ethnic group in the prefecture-level city was Han Chinese, accounting for 84.53% of the total population. This was followed by Yao at 7.79% and Zhuang at 4.81%.广西壮æèªæ²»åºç»è®¡å±ã广西壮æèªæ²»åºäººå£æ®æ¥åå ¬å®¤. ã广西壮æèªæ²»åº2010年人å£æ®æ¥èµæã. ä¸å½ç»è®¡åºç社. 2012å¹´7æ. ISBN 978-7-5037-6549-0. Citizens of Guilin's urban area speak a dialect of Mandarin, while Pinghua is predominantly spoken in suburbs and surrounding areas.WEB, æ¡æå¸å¿ æ¹è¨å¿,weblink 广西壮æèªæ²»åºå°æ¹å¿ç¼çºå§åä¼åå ¬å®¤,Economy
(File:æ¡æä¸é¢ä¸¤é¦åé.jpg|thumb|Guilin Museum and Library)- The GDP per capita was Â¥41891 (ca. US$6569) in 2020, ranked no. 134 among 659 Chinese cities.{{Citation needed|date=November 2021}}
- Local industries: condoms, pharmaceutical goods, tires, machinery, fertilizer, silk, perfume, wine, tea, cinnamon, herbal medicine
- Local agricultural products: Shatian Pomelo, summer orange, Fructus Momordicae, ginkgo, moon persimmon, Lipu Taro, Sanhua Alcohol, pepper sauce, fermented bean curd, Guilin Rice Noodle, water chestnut, grain, fish and dried bean milk cream in tight rolls
Transportation
Airport
File:GuilinAirport.jpg|right|thumb|upright=1.2|Guilin Liangjiang International AirportGuilin Liangjiang International AirportThe airport is Guilin Liangjiang International Airport (ICAO:ZGKL, IATA:KWL). Airlines that fly to the airport are:- China Eastern
- Asiana Airlines
- China Southern
- Air China
- Hainan Airlines
- Shanghai Airlines
- Shandong Airlines
- Xiamen Airlines
- Tianjin Airlines
- EVA Air
- Air Asia
- Beijing Capital Airlines
- Hebei Airlines
Rail
File:Guilin North Railway Station (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright=1.41|Guilin North railway stationGuilin North railway stationGuilin has several high-speed rail stations, {{rws|Guilin North}}, {{rws|Guilin West}}, Guilin, and a new station in the Lingui District. Guilin station and Guilin North station are on the HunanâGuangxi railway, HengyangâLiuzhou intercity railway and GuiyangâGuangzhou high-speed railway, the main railways connecting Guangxi with central and southern China. Arriving at North Station, high-speed trains between Guilin and Changsha and Beijing came into operation in December 2013. In December 2014, high-speed operations began connecting Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Guiyang, and Shanghai. This made it more convenient for people to come to Guilin. It takes only about 2 or 3 hours from Guangzhou to Guilin, 9 hours from Shanghai to Guilin, and 13 hours from Beijing to Guilin."High-speed Trains Available in Guilin" ChinaTour.Net Accessed 2014-12-29 Trains traveling between Kunming South and West Kowloon stations (for example) stop at Guilin West railway station."G314 timetable" {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190213005725weblink |date=13 February 2019 }} Accessed 2019-02-12Urban
The city's public transportation includes bus routes and taxis. Guilin is the leading city in Mainland China operating double-decker buses regularly on major routes; in its main street, the double-deckers run one by one almost every minute. Sightseeing boats also run on the city's canals and lakes.A Guilin Metro is planned for 7 lines by 2040 with 117 stations and a total length of 273.2 kilometres. Line 1 is planned to have been opened by 2025, and it will be 29.23 km with 13 stations.Public colleges and universities
File:é»ç°ç é¿å¹´æ书å°-广西å¸è大å¦.jpg|thumb|The Ming dynasty Jingjiang Princes' Palace is now a campus of Guangxi Normal UniversityGuangxi Normal University- Guilin University of Technology
- Guilin Medical University
- Guilin University of Electronic Technology
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin University of Aerospace Technology ()
- Guilin University
Scenic spots
1 li jiang guilin yangshuo 2011.jpg|The Li River connects Guilin and Yangshuo County87340-Li-River (29881879337).jpg|Ship tour on Li River1 ping an longji terrace 2011.jpg|Longsheng Rice Terrace (Ping An)1 pano cuiping yangshuo 2016.jpg|Cuiping Village1 pano xinping yangshupo.jpg|Xingping Village1 aerial yangshuo panorama 2017.jpg|Rafts sailing down the Yulong River in Yangshuo, a county of GuilinSun and Moon Pagodas Guilin November 2017 HDR panorama.jpg|Sun and Moon Pagodas in Shan LakeReed flute cave.jpg|Reed flute caveGuilin scenic.jpg|Scenic view of the town from Seven-star ParkLongji rice terraces - 2023 10 11 Kaur Virunurm.jpg|Longji rice terraces{{right|{{Commons category|Guilin}}}}Scenic spots around Guilin include:- Jingjiang Princes City, a royal complex dating from the Ming dynasty that lies near the center of modern Guilin
- Reed Flute Cave
- Silver Cave
- Li River
- Yangshuo
- Seven-star Cave and Seven Star ParkWEB,weblink Guilin Tours - Best Tour Packages For Guilin, China in 2019, Discover China, 2020-01-25, ()
- Camel Mountain () and Elephant Trunk Hill
- Piled Festoon Hill ()
- Crescent Hill ()
- Fubo Hill ()
- Nanxi Hill ()
- Erlang Gorge ()
- Huangbu (Yellow Cloth) Beach ()
- Moon Hill
- Longsheng Rice Terrace
- Daxu Ancient Town ()
- Xingping Ancient Town ()
- Duxiu, Solitary Beauty Peak ()
- Liusanjie Landscape Garden ()
- Yao Hill ()
- Sun and Moon Pagodas ()
Cuisine
(File:Doufuru.JPG|thumb|Guilin pickled tofu)Guilin cuisine is a mixture of Cantonese cuisine and Zhuang cuisine. It is known for its snacks and the use of spices, especially chili. Guilin chili sauce (), used widely in cooking by locals, is made of fresh chili, garlic, and fermented soybeans, and is considered one of the city's Three Treasures (). The other two of the Three Treasures are Guilin Sanhua Jiu (), a variety of rice baijiu, or liquor distilled from rice; and Guilin pickled tofu.(File:Guilin mifan.jpg|thumb|right|Guilin rice noodles)Guilin rice noodles have been the local breakfast staple since the Qin dynasty and are renowned for their delicate taste. Legend has it that when Qin troops suffering from diarrhea entered this region, a cook created the Guilin rice noodles for the army because they had trouble eating the local food. Specifically, the local specialty is noodles with horse meat, but this dish can also be ordered without the horse meat. Zongzi, a dumpling made from glutinous rice and mung bean paste wrapped in a bamboo or banana leaf is another popular delicacy in Guilin.Quotes
"I often sent pictures of the hills of Guilin which I painted to friends back home, but few believed what they saw."
- Fan Chengda (Chinese Song dynasty scholar)WEB,weblink Guilin Tours, Guilin Tour Packages, China Travel Agency, 19 April 2016, 29 July 2019,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20190729015350weblink">weblink dead,
"Guilin's scenery is best among all under heaven." ({{zh|s=æ¡æ山水ç²å¤©ä¸|hp=GuìlÃn shÄnshuÇ jiÇ tiÄnxià |links=no}})
International relations
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in China}}Twin townsâSister cities
Guilin is twinned with:- {{flagdeco|JPN}} â Nishikatsura, Yamanashi, JapanWEB,weblink Archived copy, 1 November 2014,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20150924081143weblink">weblink 24 September 2015, dead, dmy-all, â Lingchuan County
- {{flagdeco|JPN}} â Kumamoto City, JapanWEB,weblink Kumamoto International Foundation, 19 April 2016, 13 April 2016,weblink dead, â Guilin
- {{flagdeco|JPN}} â Toride City, Japan â Guilin
- {{flagdeco|JPN}} â Miho, Ibaraki, Japan â Lingui
- {{flagdeco|ROK}} â Jeju, South Korea
- {{flagdeco|NZL}} â Hastings, New Zealand
- {{flagdeco|POL}} â ToruÅ, PolandWEB,weblink Miasta bliźniacze Torunia, 2013-08-22, UrzÄ d Miasta Torunia [City of ToruÅ Council], pl, ToruÅ's twin towns,
- {{flagdeco|US}} â Orlando, United StatesWEB,weblink City of Orlando International Affairs, 18 March 2013,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130412060509weblink">weblink 12 April 2013, dead, dmy-all,
- {{flagdeco|MEX}} â Tlaxcoapan, Hidalgo, MexicoWEB,weblink Tlaxcoapan se hermana con Guilin, China, 19 April 2016,
- {{flagdeco|MYS}} â Langkawi, Malaysia
Notable people
- Bai Chongxi, general and politician
- Jiang Zhenbang, badminton player
- Li Zongren, general and warlord, vice-president and acting president of the Republic of China
- Ma Junwu, scientist, educator and politician
- Ou Hongyi, climate activist
- Ouyang Xiadan, news anchor for China Central Television
- Pai Hsien-yung, writer
- Qiao Zhenyu, actor and dancer
- Shi Zhiyong, weightlifter
- Tang Jingsong, general and politician, first president of the Republic of Formosa
- Daniel Weihs, Israeli professor of aeronautical engineering at the Technion â Israel Institute of Technology
See also
- Bai Chongxi
- Alcoholic drinks in China
- Li Zongren
- Hạ Long Bay, a popular tourist destination in Vietnam with similar karst formations
References
{{Reflist}}Further reading
External links
{{Commons|2=Guilin}}{{Wikivoyage}} {{Guangxi topics}}{{Guangxi}}{{Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China}}{{Major cities along the Pearl River}}{{Authority control}}- content above as imported from Wikipedia
- "Guilin" does not exist on GetWiki (yet)
- time: 8:34am EDT - Sat, May 18 2024
- "Guilin" does not exist on GetWiki (yet)
- time: 8:34am EDT - Sat, May 18 2024
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