{{short description|Circle of latitude}}{{About|the circle of latitude, a portion of which used to divide the Korean Peninsula|the history of the division|Division of Korea|the current division|Military Demarcation Line|and|Korean Demilitarized Zone}}{{Location map-line|lat=38}}

*factoids*

{{kml}}The 38th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 38 degrees north of the Earth’s equatorial plane. It crosses Europe, the Mediterranean Sea, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean. The 38th parallel north formed the border between North and South Korea prior to the Korean War.At this latitude, the Sun is visible for 14 hours, 48 minutes during the summer solstice and 9 hours, 32 minutes during the winter solstice.WEB,aa.usno.navy.mil/data/docs/Dur_OneYear.php, Duration of Daylight/Darkness Table for One Year, aa.usno.navy.mil, 2011-06-12, 2019-10-12,aa.usno.navy.mil/data/docs/Dur_OneYear.php," title="web.archive.org/web/20191012094319aa.usno.navy.mil/data/docs/Dur_OneYear.php,">web.archive.org/web/20191012094319aa.usno.navy.mil/data/docs/Dur_OneYear.php, dead,

Around the world

Starting at the Prime Meridian heading eastward, the 38th parallel north passes through:

{| class=“wikitable plainrowheaders”

! scope=“col” width=“125” | Co-ordinates! scope=“col” | Country, territory or sea! scope=“col” | Notes

Mediterranean Sea

Marettimo, {{ITA}} (at {{Coord

name=Marettimo}})

type:country|name=Italy}}! scope=“row” | {{ITA}}| Islands of Levanzo and Sicily

Mediterranean Sea

Strait of Messina

type:country|name=Italy}}! scope=“row” | {{ITA}}| Passing through Reggio di Calabria (southern suburbs)

valign=“top”

Mediterranean Sea

Ionian Sea - passing between the islands of Kefalonia (at {{Coord

name=Kefalonia}}) and Zakynthos (at {{Coord

name=Zakynthos}}), {{GRC}}

type:country|name=Greece}}! scope=“row” | {{GRC}}| Passing through Athens (northern suburbs)

Aegean Sea
38	N	14	type:country\|name=Greece}}! scope=“row” \| {{GRC}}\| Islands of Petalioi and Euboea

Aegean Sea

Andros (at {{Coord

name=Andros}}), {{GRC}}

type:country|name=Turkey}}! scope=“row” | {{TUR}}| Passing through Konya, NiÄŸde and Ä°zmir (southern suburbs)

type:country|name=Iran}}! scope=“row” | {{IRN}}| Passing just south of Tabriz

Caspian Sea
38	N	49	type:country\|name=Turkmenistan}}! scope=“row” \| {{TKM}}\|

type:country|name=Iran}}! scope=“row” | {{IRN}}|

type:country|name=Turkmenistan}}! scope=“row” | {{TKM}}| Passing just north of Ashgabat

type:country|name=Uzbekistan}}! scope=“row” | {{UZB}}|

type:country|name=Tajikistan}}! scope=“row” | {{TJK}}|

type:country|name=Afghanistan}}! scope=“row” | {{AFG}}|

type:country|name=Tajikistan}}! scope=“row” | {{TJK}}|

valign=“top”

type:country|name=China}}! scope=“row” | {{PRC}}

Xinjiang Qinghai Gansu Inner Mongolia Ningxia Inner Mongolia Shaanxi âˆ’ for around {{cvt>5

14|km}} Shaanxi Shanxi â€” passing just north of Taiyuan Hebei â€” passing just south of Shijiazhuang Shandong

Yellow Sea

Baengnyeong Island (at {{Coord

124

name=Baengnyeong}}), {{KOR}}

type:country|name=North Korea}}! scope=“row” | {{PRK}}| Ongjin Peninsula â€” South Hwanghae Province

Yellow Sea

Ongjin Bay

valign=“top”

type:country|name=North Korea}}! scope=“row” | {{PRK}}| South Hwanghae Provincepassing just south of Haeju North Hwanghae Provincepassing just north of Kaesong

valign=“top”

type:country|name=South Korea}}! scope=“row” | {{KOR}}

Gyeonggi Province- Passing through Paju, Yeoncheon County, Pocheon, Gapyeong County Gangwon Province (South Korea)>Gangwon Province - Passing through Hwacheon County, Chuncheon, (passing just north of Soyang Reservoir), Inje County, Yangyang County

valign=“top”

Sea of Japan
38	N	14	type:country\|name=Japan}}! scope=“row” \| {{JPN}}	Sado, Niigata>Sado:â€” Niigata Prefecture

valign=“top”

Sea of Japan
38	N	14	type:country\|name=Japan}}! scope=“row” \| {{JPN}}\| Island of HonshÅ«:â€” Niigata Prefecture Passing just north of Niigata Cityâ€” Yamagata Prefectureâ€” Miyagi Prefecture

valign=“top”

Pacific Ocean
38	N	1	type:country\|name=United States}}! scope=“row” \| {{USA}}	California - passing through Pinole, California>Pinole and Stockton, California	Nevada - passing just south of Tonopah, NV>Tonopah Utah - passing through Capitol Reef National Park	and Canyonlands National Park>Canyonlands National Parks Colorado - passing through Ouray, Colorado	, and then just south of Pueblo, CO>Pueblo Kansas - passing just south of Newton, Kansas	Missouri - passing through Camdenton, MO>Camdenton and just north of Rolla, Missouri	Illinois - passing just south of Mount Vernon, IL>Mount Vernon Indiana - passing through Evansville, Indiana	Kentucky - passing through Lexington, Kentucky>Lexington West Virginia - passing just north of Beckley, West Virginia	Virginia - passing just south of Charlottesville, Virginia>Charlottesville

valign=“top”

Chesapeake Bay
38	N	53	type:country\|name=United States}}! scope=“row” \| {{USA}}	Maryland - passing just north of Smith Island, MD>Smith Island and Crisfield, MD	Virginia - passing just north of Chincoteague, VA>Chincoteague

Atlantic Ocean

Pico Island

(at {{Coord>38

type:isle

SÃ£o Miguel Island>SÃ£o Miguel (at {{Coord

name=SÃ£o Miguel}}) islands, Azores, {{PRT}}

valign=“top”

type:country|name=Portugal}}! scope=“row” | {{PRT}}

SetÃºbal District Beja District - passing just south of Beja (Portugal)>Beja

valign=“top”

type:country|name=Spain}}! scope=“row” | {{ESP}}| Andalusia Extremadura Region of Murcia - passing just north of Murcia Valencian Community

Mediterranean Sea

Korean WarKorean WarFile:Korea DMZ.svg|thumb|upright=1.15|200px|The Korean Peninsula Korean Peninsula Japan had ruled the Korean Peninsula between 1910 and 1945. When Japan surrendered in August 1945, the 38th parallel was established as the boundary between Soviet and American occupation zones. This parallel divided the Korean peninsula roughly in the middle. In 1948, this parallel became the boundary between the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea) and the Republic of Korea (South Korea), both of which claim to be the government of the whole of Korea. On 25 June 1950, after a series of cross-border raids and gunfire from both the Northern and the Southern sides, the North Korean Army crossed the 38th parallel and invaded South Korea. This sparked United Nations Security Council Resolution 82 which called for the North to return its troops to behind the 38th parallel, commencing the Korean War with United Nations troops (mostly American) helping South Korean troops to defend South Korea.BOOK, Nash, Gary B., 2008, The American People: Creating a Nation and a Society, Concise 6th, New York, Pearson Longman, After the Armistice agreement was signed on July 27, 1953, a new line was established to separate North Korea and South Korea. This Military Demarcation Line is surrounded by a Demilitarized Zone. The demarcation line crosses the 38th parallel, from the southwest to the northeast. The Demarcation Line is often confused with 38th parallel, but as can be seen in the image of the map, the two are not the same.

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38th parallel north#Korea

Around the world

See also

References

Further reading