GetWiki
1852 Whig National Convention
ARTICLE SUBJECTS
being →
database →
ethics →
fiction →
history →
internet →
language →
linux →
logic →
method →
news →
policy →
purpose →
religion →
science →
software →
truth →
unix →
wiki →
ARTICLE TYPES
essay →
feed →
help →
system →
wiki →
ARTICLE ORIGINS
critical →
forked →
imported →
original →
1852 Whig National Convention
please note:
- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
- it has been imported raw for GetWiki
{{Short description|U.S. political event held in Baltimore, Maryland}}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
- it has been imported raw for GetWiki
factoids | |
---|---|
Schedule
The congressional Whig caucus, led by Senator Willie P. Mangum, a supporter of Scott, met on April 9, 1852, to decide the date and location for the 1852 convention.NEWS, April 13, 1852, The Whig Caucus, 2, The New York Times,weblink June 8, 2022, {{ProQuest, 95788314, }} The party chose to hold the convention in Baltimore, Maryland, at the Maryland Institute Hall, from June 16 to 21. The convention was temporarily chaired by George C. Evans and permanently chaired by John G. Chapman.BOOK, Havel, James T., U.S. Presidential Elections and the Candidates: A Biographical and Historical Guide, Simon & Schuster, 1996, 0-02-864623-1, 2: The Elections, 1789-1992, New York, 27,Pre-convention
In late 1851 and early 1852, state conventions began to meet to select delegates to the national convention. The party was split between those who felt that Fillmore could not win the election and those who favored the president's nomination. Northern Whigs favored Scott while Southern Whigs tended to prefer Fillmore.The party was also torn on the issue of slavery. Most in the party wanted to prevent slavery from becoming the dominating issue in the election. However, the Whigs were split on the issue of the Compromise of 1850, proposed and designed by Whig senator Henry Clay of Kentucky. President Zachary Taylor, a Southern Whig, had tried to avoid the issue altogether by proposing that California and New Mexico be admitted as free states immediately. After Taylor's death in July 1850, Fillmore, a moderate Whig, had supported Clay's compromise and was instrumental as president in its passage. Northern Whigs, led by William Henry Seward of New York, (a former governor and senator), adamantly opposed the compromise because it did not apply the Wilmot Proviso (which banned slavery in any federal territory acquired from Mexico after the MexicanâAmerican War) to the western territories.Northern Whigs launched an effort to associate Scott with the Free Soil wing of the party. Scott did not agree with the Free Soilers, who opposed the expansion of slavery into the western territories. Just days before the convention was scheduled to begin, Southern Whigs warned that they would not support Scott unless he pledged to disavow the Free Soilers and to exclude them from his administration if he was elected.Encouraged by Fillmore's professed lack of desire to pursue the Whig nomination, Webster launched another campaign for the presidency in 1851.{{sfn|Remini|1997|pp=724â725}} Fillmore was sympathetic to the ambitions of his secretary of state, but he was unwilling to completely rule out accepting the party's 1852 nomination, as he feared doing so would allow Seward to gain control of the party through Scott.{{sfn|Smith|1988|pp=239â244}} Scott had supported the Compromise of 1850, but his association with Seward made him unacceptable to Southern Whigs.{{sfn|Smith|1988|pp=239â244}} As Southerners retained a lingering distrust of Webster, they threw their backing behind Fillmore.{{sfn|Holt|1999|pp=681â682}} Thus, Scott emerged as the preferred candidate of most Northern Whigs, Fillmore became the main candidate of Southern Whigs, and Webster was only able to win backing from a handful of delegates, most of whom were from New England.{{sfn|Remini|1997|pp=735â736}}On the eve of the convention, The New York Times estimated that Fillmore would have the support of 133 delegates, Scott 120 and Webster 40.Two weeks before the Whig convention was set to begin, the Democrats nominated Franklin Pierce, a northerner from New Hampshire. Supporters of Webster in the North decided that Scott, not Fillmore, could defeat Pierce in the general election, and several switched their support.The convention
The convention met from June 17 to June 20.Day 1
Delegates to the fourth Whig Party National Convention assembled also in the same Maryland Institute auditorium, above "Centre Market" at Market Place/South Frederick and East Baltimore Streets, alongside the Jones Falls stream in eastern downtown Baltimore, Maryland. Although each state was granted one delegate for each of their electoral votes, several sent more than their allotted number.The convention convened on June 17, 15 minutes before the scheduled time. Delegates quickly selected former senator George Evans of Maine as temporary chairman. Because a large number of delegates had not yet arrived, many on the floor objected to the selection. The delegates also appointed the Whig Party's National Committee, as well as a Committee on Credentials and a Committee on Permanent Organization, before adjourning.An evening session was held later in the day. The Credentials Committee submitted a report which was adopted and the Committee on Permanent Organization was assembled.NEWS, June 17, 1852, Latest Intelligence: By Telegraph to the New-York Daily Times, 1, The New York Times,weblink June 8, 2022, {{ProQuest, 95795817, }}Day 2
The second day began with the organization of the convention. Several states had sent delegations that far outnumbered their allowed size. Virginia was allotted 15 votes and sent 45 delegates. Delegates voted to restrict states to one delegate for each of its electoral votes. The convention also adopted the party's platform. Southern delegates submitted a platform, but it was rejected in favor of a relatively weak one which caused little controversy and was easily passed by a vote of 227 to 66.NEWS, June 18, 1852, LATEST INTELLIGENCE: By Telegraph to the New-York Daily Times. WHIG NATIONAL CONVENTION. COMMITTEE ON PLATFORM. THE CONTESTED SEATS. A CLOSE TEST VOTE. SECOND DAY., 1, The New York Times,weblink June 8, 2022, {{ProQuest, 95788899, }}Presidential nomination
Presidential candidates
File:Winfield Scott by Fredricks, 1862 (cropped).jpg|Commanding General Winfield Scott from New JerseyFile:Millard Fillmore -13th president of the United States.jpg|President Millard Fillmore of New York File:Daniel Webster - circa 1847.jpg|Secretary of State Daniel Webster of MassachusettsThe divided convention began the process of nominating a candidate. Fillmore led on the first ballot, receiving 133 votes. Scott placed a close second with 131 votes. Webster received 29 votes. Five more ballots were held with little change in the vote before the convention adjourned for the weekend.Although both Webster and Fillmore were willing to withdraw in favor of the other, their respective delegates at the convention were unable to unite around either candidate during the weekend adjournment.{{sfn|Remini|1997|pp=736â739}}The delegates resumed voting on Monday. On the 8th ballot, Scott took the lead with 133 votes to 131 for Fillmore, but neither received the necessary majority for nomination. The convention was deadlocked, and a number of delegates unsuccessfully moved to allow a nomination with a plurality, rather than a majority, of votes. After the 46th ballot, with Scott ahead by seven votes (but still without a majority), the delegates voted to adjourn for the night.On the first ballot of the final day of the convention, the 47th overall, Scott still had not received the majority of votes necessary for nomination. Several more votes were taken. Fillmore lost votes on each successive ballot.{{citation needed|date=July 2019}} On the 52nd ballot, Scott received exactly half of the vote. Scott was finally nominated on the next ballot, obtaining a majority when several delegates from New England and Virginia switched their support.{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"Vice presidential nomination
Observers at the convention noted that "there seemed to be no anxiety to get to the business of selecting the vice-presidential candidate, and when the nominations began, no candidates seemed to want them."{{Rp|page=50}} While various candidates were informally approached, each refused consideration in turn. Former representative Edward Bates and navy secretary William Alexander Graham were the two main candidates for the nomination. Bates led on the first ballot at the conventionNEWS,weblink PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES.; Hon. Edward Bates' of Missouri., The New York Times, October 5, 2022, 1860, and even had an editorial endorsement from a fellow Missourian who was just starting his career, Mark Twain.BOOK,weblink The Life of Mark Twain: The Early Years, 1835-1871 â Google Books, University of Missouri Press, October 5, 2022, 2018, But Bates' known Free-Soil sentiments were used against himNEWS,weblink PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES.; Hon. Edward Bates' of Missouri., The New York Times, October 5, 2022, 1860, and Graham was selected on the second ballot.BOOK,weblink A Political Text Book for 1860 â Google Books, Tribune association, October 5, 2022, 1860, Graham accepted the nomination and he was accepted as the party's candidate by Chapman, the convention chairman.{{Rp|page=50}}{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"|+ Convention vice presidential voteSee also
- U.S. presidential nomination convention
- 1852 United States presidential election
- 1852 Democratic National Convention
References
{{reflist|2}}Further reading
- BOOK, Holt, Michael, The Rise and Fall of the American Whig Party: Jacksonian Politics and the Onset of the Civil War, 1999, Oxford University Press, 978-0-19-977203-2,
- BOOK, Remini, Robert V., 1997, Daniel Webster: The Man and His Time, W.W. Norton & Company, 0-393-04552-8, Robert V. Remini,weblink
- BOOK, Smith, Elbert B., The Presidencies of Zachary Taylor & Millard Fillmore, University Press of Kansas, 1988, 978-0-7006-0362-6,weblink
Primary sources
- Chester, Edward W A guide to political platforms (1977) online
- Porter, Kirk H. and Donald Bruce Johnson, eds. National party platforms, 1840-1964 (1965) online 1840-1956
- content above as imported from Wikipedia
- "1852 Whig National Convention" does not exist on GetWiki (yet)
- time: 5:01am EDT - Sat, May 18 2024
- "1852 Whig National Convention" does not exist on GetWiki (yet)
- time: 5:01am EDT - Sat, May 18 2024
[ this remote article is provided by Wikipedia ]
LATEST EDITS [ see all ]
GETWIKI 23 MAY 2022
The Illusion of Choice
Culture
Culture
GETWIKI 09 JUL 2019
Eastern Philosophy
History of Philosophy
History of Philosophy
GETWIKI 09 MAY 2016
GetMeta:About
GetWiki
GetWiki
GETWIKI 18 OCT 2015
M.R.M. Parrott
Biographies
Biographies
GETWIKI 20 AUG 2014
GetMeta:News
GetWiki
GetWiki
© 2024 M.R.M. PARROTT | ALL RIGHTS RESERVED