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Time in Canada
[ temporary import ]
please note:
- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
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{{short description|Time zones of Canada}}File:Canada time zone map - en.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.36|Time zones in Canada{| class="wikitable"! style="width:20px;" |! style="width:70px;" | Standard! style="width:70px;" | DST! Time zone
| UTC−08:00| UTC−07:00Pacific Time Zone>Pacific
UTC−07:00 (year round)Mountain Time Zone>Mountain
| UTC−07:00| UTC−06:00| Mountain
UTC−06:00 (year round)Central Time Zone>Central
| UTC−06:00| UTC−05:00| Central
UTC−05:00 (year round)Eastern Time Zone>Eastern
| UTC−05:00| UTC−04:00| Eastern
UTC−04:00 (year round)Atlantic Time Zone>Atlantic
| UTC−04:00| UTC−03:00| Atlantic
| UTC−03:30| UTC−02:30Newfoundland Time Zone>NewfoundlandNewfoundland Time Zone>NewfoundlandCanada is divided into six time zones. Most areas of the country's provinces and territories operate on standard time from the first Sunday in November to the second Sunday in March and daylight saving time the rest of the year.{{CFS}}The divisions between time zones are based on proposals by Scottish Canadian railway engineer Sandford Fleming, who pioneered the use of the 24-hour clock, the world's time zone system, and a standard prime meridian.JOURNAL, Creet, Mario, Sandford Fleming and Universal Time, Scientia Canadensis: Canadian Journal of the History of Science, Technology and Medicine, 1990, 14, 1–2, 66–89, 10.7202/800302ar, free,

Official time

File:In front of National Research Council Canada Laboratories.JPG|thumb|National Research Council laboratories in OttawaOttawaThe National Research Council (NRC) maintains Canada's official time through the use of atomic clocks.WEB, NRC time services,weblink live,weblink 20 July 2018, 20 July 2018, National Research Council, The official time is specified in legislation passed by the individual provinces. In Quebec it is based on coordinated universal time.WEB,weblink National Assembly, Legal Time Act 2006, 1 January 2007, 21 September 2020, The other provinces use mean solar time.WEB,weblink Minister of Justice, Interpretation Act R.S.C., 1985, 26 February 2015, 21 September 2020, This Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, section 35(1) refers to 'standard time' for the several provinces, defining each in relation to 'Greenwich time', but does not use the expression 'Greenwich mean time'.WEB,weblink Alberta Queen's Printer, 1 January 2007, Daylight Saving Time Act, RSA 2000, 21 September 2020, WEB,weblink Queen's Printer, Interpretation Act, RSBC 1996, 5 April 2016, 21 September 2020, WEB,weblink Manitoba, The Official Time Act, 1 February 1988, 21 September 2020, WEB,weblink Queen's Printer for New Brunswick, Time Definition Act 2011, 1 September 2011, 21 September 2020, WEB,weblink Queen's Printer, St John's, Standard Time Act RSNL 1990, 2012, 21 September 2020, By §2(1) "Time in the province shall be reckoned as 3 1/2 hours later [sic] than Greenwich mean solar time."WEB,weblink Office of the Legislative Counsel, Time Definition Act, 22 September 1998, 21 September 2020, WEB,weblink Queen's Printer for Ontario, Time Act, R.S.O. 1990, 31 December 1990, 21 September 2020, WEB,weblink Legislative Counsel Office, Interpretation Act 1988, 2 December 2015, 21 September 2020, WEB,weblink The Queen's Printer, The Time Act 1978, 26 February 1978, 21 September 2020, The NRC provides both coordinated universal time and mean solar time in its signals.WEB,weblink National Research Council, DUT1 announcement, 28 July 2020, 21 September 2020, It makes time servers available for direct synchronization with computers. The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation aired a daily time signal, the National Research Council Time Signal, beginning November 5, 1939.NEWS, Bartlett, Geoff, 'The beginning of the long dash' indicates 75 years of official time on CBC,weblink CBC News, 20 July 2018, 5 November 2014,weblink 5 November 2019, live, The signal was discontinued on October 15, 2023.NEWS, Taekema, Dan, October 10, 2023, The end of the long dash: CBC stops broadcasting official time signal, CBC News,weblink November 27, 2023,

Time notation

File:Canadian National timetable 1975-04-27.jpg|thumb|Canadian NationalCanadian NationalThe Government of Canada recommends use of the 24-hour clock (e.g. {{time|df=24|timeonly=yes |hide-refresh=yes |hide-tz=yes}}), which is widely used in contexts such as transportation schedules, parking meters, and data transmission.JOURNAL, Collishaw, Barbara, FAQs on Writing the Time of Day, Terminology Update, 2002, 35, 3, 11,weblink 2018-07-20,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20180714013012weblink">weblink 2018-07-14, live, Speakers of Canadian French predominantly use this system, but most Canadian English speakers use the 12-hour clock in everyday speech (e.g. {{time|df=12 |hide-refresh=yes |hide-tz=yes}}), even when reading from a 24-hour display, similar to the use of the 24-hour clock in the United Kingdom.

Zones

Pacific Time Zone

Pacific Standard Time (PST) GMT−08:00 and Pacific Daylight Time (PDT) GMT−07:00:

Mountain Time Zone

Mountain Standard Time (MST) GMT−07:00 and Mountain Daylight Time (MDT) GMT−06:00: Mountain Standard Time (MST) GMT−07:00 year-round:

Central Time Zone

Central Standard Time (CST) GMT−06:00 and Central Daylight Time CDT GMT−05:00: Central Standard Time (CST) GMT−06:00 year-round:
  • Saskatchewan (most of the province) (see Lloydminster, and Creighton, above)

Eastern Time Zone

Eastern Standard Time (EST) GMT−05:00 and Eastern Daylight Time (EDT) GMT−04:00:
  • Nunavut
  • Ontario
    • east of 90° West (except the Big Trout Lake area), plus
    • west of 90° West: Shebandowan and Upsala areas
  • Quebec (most of province)
    • Areas of Labrador adjacent to Schefferville (in Quebec but very close to the Labrador border) observe EST and DST unofficially
Eastern Standard Time (EST) GMT−05:00 year-round:

Atlantic Time Zone

Atlantic Standard Time (AST) GMT−04:00 and Atlantic Daylight Time (ADT) GMT−03:00: Atlantic Standard Time (AST) UTC−04:00 year-round:

Newfoundland Time Zone

Newfoundland Standard Time (NST) GMT−03:30 and Newfoundland Daylight Time (NDT) GMT−02:30:

Former time zones

  • The Yukon Time Zone (GMT−09:00) covered Yukon from 1900 until 1966. In 1983, the zone (then covering only a small portion of Alaska) was restructured to cover most of Alaska and renamed the Alaska Time Zone.
  • In 1988, Newfoundland observed "double daylight saving time" from April 3 until October 30, meaning that the time was set ahead by 2 hours.NEWS, Orlando Sentinel, 2020-02-02, 1988-06-21, Daylight Almost Until Midnight: Newfoundland Tries out Double Daylight-Saving Time,weblink Peter, Benesh, All of Newfoundland and southern Labrador, which observes GMT−03:30 as its standard time zone, observed GMT−01:30.Order re: Newfoundland Double Daylight Savings Time, 1988. O.C. 1404/87. Newfoundland Gazette, 1988-02-19, page 67. This only happened in 1988 and the province now only adjusts its time by one hour for daylight saving time.

Daylight saving time

Four Canadian cities, by local ordinance, observed daylight saving time in 1916. Brandon, Manitoba, adopted it on April 17. It was followed by Winnipeg on April 23, Halifax on April 30, and Hamilton, Ontario, on June 4.Doris Chase Doane, Time Changes in Canada and Mexico, 2nd edition, 1972. Port Arthur, Ontario, was the first place in the world to introduce it, on July 1, 1908.Daylight saving time is currently observed in nine of ten provinces and two of three territories, with exceptions in several provinces and Nunavut. Most of the province of Saskatchewan, despite geographically being in the Mountain Time Zone, observes year-round CST. In 2020, the territory of Yukon abandoned seasonal time change and moved to permanently observing MST year-round.WEB,weblink Government of Yukon, Yukon to end seasonal time change, March 4, 2020, September 23, 2020, Under the Constitution of Canada, laws related to timekeeping are a purely provincial matter. In practice, since the late 1960s DST across Canada has been closely or completely synchronized with its observance in the United States to promote consistent economic and social interaction. When the United States extended DST in 1987 to the first Sunday in April, all DST-observing Canadian provinces followed suit to mimic the change.In 2019, the legislature of British Columbia began the process of eliminating the practice of observing daylight saving time in the province. On October 31, 2019, the government introduced Bill 40 in the legislature, which would define "Pacific Time" as "7 hours behind Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)".WEB,weblink Bill 40 – 2019: Interpretation Amendment Act, 2019, Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, 2019, 2019-11-03,weblink 2019-11-03, live, In a press release, the provincial government stated an intention to maintain alignment of clock time with Washington, Oregon, California, and Yukon.PRESS RELEASE,weblink Interpretation amendment act sets stage for year-round daylight time, 2019-10-31, 2019-11-03, British Columbia Office of the Premier / Ministry of Attorney General,weblink 2019-11-03, live, The move follows a consultation earlier in 2019, in which the province received over 223,000 responses, 93% of which said they would prefer year-round DST as compared to the status quo of changing the clocks twice a year.NEWS, Vancouver Sun, Cheryl, Chan, 2019-09-11, 2019-11-03, B.C. survey shows overwhelming support for permanent Daylight Saving Time,weblinkweblink 2019-11-03, live, WEB,weblink Daylight Saving Time Public Consultation: Final Report, 2019, 2019-11-03,weblink 2019-09-11, live, NEWS, CBC News,weblink B.C.'s daylight saving survey gets more public engagement than marijuana regulation, 2019-07-05, 2019-11-03,weblink 2019-07-07, live, The premier of British Columbia discussed the issue with Yukon premier Sandy Silver, who said in October that he needs more consultation with Yukon stakeholders, and with Alberta and Alaska.NEWS,weblink B.C. premier meets with Silver, grand chief, Gabrielle, Plonka, 2019-10-01, 2019-11-03, Whitehorse Daily Star,weblink 2019-11-02, live, The latest United States change (Energy Policy Act of 2005) to daylight saving time, adding parts of March and November to when daylight saving time is observed, which began in 2007 was adopted by the various provinces and territories on the following dates:
  • OntarioWEB,weblink Time Act, 2013-11-25,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20131202222804weblink">weblink 2013-12-02, live, and ManitobaProvince Introduces Legislation that Would Extend Daylight Saving Time in Manitoba {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160723031659weblink |date=2016-07-23 }} (The Official Time Amendment Act {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060528042003weblink |date=2006-05-28 }},The Official Time Act {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051109231222weblink |date=2005-11-09 }}) – October 20, 2005
  • Quebec – December 5, 2005WEB,weblink Bill n°2 : Legal Time Act, 2012-02-14,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20121120162451weblink">weblink 2012-11-20, live,
  • Prince Edward Island – December 6, 2005WEB,weblink An Act to Amend the Time Uniformity Act, 2006-07-27,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20060823094715weblink">weblink 2006-08-23,
  • New Brunswick – December 23, 2005WEB,weblink Changes to daylight saving time in New Brunswick in 2007 (05/12/23), 2006-05-18,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20060901215702weblink">weblink 2006-09-01, live,
  • Alberta – February 2, 2006Alberta sees the light with a timely announcement
  • Northwest Territories – March 4, 2006Daylight Saving Time Regulations {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140419010917weblink |date=2014-04-19 }}
  • British Columbia – March 31, 2006WEB,weblink New Daylight Saving Time Takes Effect in 2007, 2006-05-18,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130411063909weblink">weblink 2013-04-11,
  • Nova Scotia – April 25, 2006WEB,weblink Nova Scotia to Change Daylight Saving Time, 2017-09-16,weblink 2017-09-23, live,
  • Yukon – July 14, 2006.Yukon To Adopt Extended Daylight Saving Time Starting March 2007 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131009095855weblink |date=2013-10-09 }} Year-round MST as of March 8, 2020.
  • Newfoundland and Labrador – November 20, 2006, but officially announced on January 18, 2007WEB,weblink An Act Respecting Standard Time and Daylight Time in the Province, 2013-11-25,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20121020133541weblink">weblink 2012-10-20, live,
  • Nunavut – February 19, 2007WEB,weblink Nunavut News/North "Nunavut to follow new seasonal time standard", 2013-11-25,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20131202235847weblink">weblink 2013-12-02,
  • Saskatchewan – No official action was taken, as almost all of the province remains on CST year-round. However, the few places in the province that do observe daylight saving (Lloydminster and the surrounding area, which straddles the Alberta border and observes Alberta's Mountain Time{{Snd}}and Creighton, which observes daylight saving on an unofficial basis due to its proximity to the border with Manitoba) follow the aforementioned March–November schedule just like the other provinces and territories.

IANA time zone database

Data for Canada from zone.tab of the IANA time zone database. Columns marked with * are the columns from zone.tab itself.{| class="wikitable sortable"! C.c.*! Coordinates*! TZ*! Comments*! UTC offset! UTC offset DST! Notes! Map
---
America/St_Johns}}|relation=9610196}} on OpenStreetMap
---
America/Halifax}}| In addition to NS and PE, also includes two areas of Quebec: Magdalen Islands and Listuguj Miꞌgmaq First NationLegal Time Act, CQLR c T-5.1, s 2.relation=10441414}} on OpenStreetMap
---
America/Glace_Bay}}Cape Breton IslandHTTPS://DATA.IANA.ORG/TIME-ZONES/TZDB/NORTHAMERICATITLE=TZDB DATA FOR NORTH AND CENTRAL AMERICA AND ENVIRONS, 21 September 2020, relation=10438273}} on OpenStreetMap
---
America/Moncton}}| Like America/Halifax, except DST time change happened at 12:01 am rather than 2:00 am prior to 2007.relation=10432327}} on OpenStreetMap
---
America/Goose_Bay}}| Like America/Halifax, except DST time change happened at 12:01 am rather than 2:00 am from 1987–2011. (Also observed Newfoundland Time until 1966.)relation=2049110}} on OpenStreetMap
style="background-color:#fdf5f5;"
America/Blanc-Sablon}}| Redirects to America/Puerto_RicoEast of 63rd meridian westrelation=15097517}} on OpenStreetMap
style="background-color:#fdf5f5;"
America/Montreal}}| Redirects to America/Toronto as of version 2015c| —
---
America/Toronto}}| Legally includes all of Ontario east of 90th meridian west but in practice only applied to urban areas until 1974relation=6483867}} on OpenStreetMap
style="background-color:#fdf5f5;"
America/Nipigon}}| Redirects to America/Toronto as of version 2022fCreated for places using Eastern time that allegedly did not observe DST 1967–1973, but this was not well sourced.relation=6483867}} on OpenStreetMap
style="background-color:#fdf5f5;"
America/Thunder_Bay}}| –Created because of a claim that Thunder Bay did not use DST in 1973.| —
---
America/Iqaluit}}|relation=6451459}} on OpenStreetMap
style="background-color:#fdf5f5;"
America/Pangnirtung}}| Redirects to America/IqaluitPlaces that switched from Atlantic Time to Eastern Time in 1995| —
---
America/Resolute}}| Places in Central Time that skipped DST in 2007relation=6446190}} on OpenStreetMap
style="background-color:#fdf5f5;"
America/Atikokan}}| Redirects to America/PanamaLegally Central Time but in practice observes EST year-round.relation=16602909}} on OpenStreetMap
---
America/Rankin_Inlet}}|relation=6446189}} on OpenStreetMap
---
America/Winnipeg}}| In practice includes Big Trout Lake and Denare Beach, though by law they should be in America/Toronto and America/Regina, respectively.relation=6442822}} on OpenStreetMap
style="background-color:#fdf5f5;"
America/Rainy_River}}| Redirects to America/Winnipeg as of version 2022fCreated for places using Central Time that allegedly did not observe DST 1967–1973.| —
---
America/Regina}}|relation=6442821}} on OpenStreetMap
---
America/Swift_Current}}| Western Saskatchewan towns that observed Mountain Time until 1972.relation=10424167}} on OpenStreetMap
---
America/Edmonton}}| relation=6442820}} on OpenStreetMap
---
America/Cambridge_Bay}}|relation=6446170}} on OpenStreetMap
style="background-color:#fdf5f5;"
America/Yellowknife}}| Redirects to America/EdmontonEast of 120th meridian westInterpretation Act, SC 1967–68, c 7, s 28, "standard time".| —
---
America/Inuvik}}| West of 120th meridian westrelation=10553994}} on OpenStreetMap
style="background-color:#fdf5f5;"
America/Creston}}| Redirects to America/PhoenixPlaces in Pacific Time that have not observed DST since the database cut-off date (1970)relation=6446092}} on OpenStreetMap
---
America/Dawson_Creek}}| Places in Mountain Time that stopped using DST in 1973relation=6483979}} on OpenStreetMap
---
America/Fort_Nelson}}| Places in Mountain Time that stopped using DST in 2015.relation=10424947}} on OpenStreetMap
---
America/Vancouver}}| relation=6483981}} on OpenStreetMap
---
America/Whitehorse}}| East of 138th meridian westInterpretation Ordinance, YCO 1967/59.relation=10465808}} on OpenStreetMap
---
America/Dawson}}| West of 138th meridian westrelation=10441037}} on OpenStreetMap

See also

Notes

{{reflist|group=note}}

References

{{reflist}}

External links

{{Canada topic|Time in}}{{Americas topic|Time in}}

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