GetWiki

{{More citations needed|date=March 2009}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}

factoids
airline	Orient Airways| image = Orient airways.jpg| caption = | IATA = -| ICAO = -| callsign = ORIENT| founded = 1947| commenced = 4 June 1947| ceased = 11 March 1955
bases	Karachi

}}Orient Airways Ltd. (}}) was an airline established in 1946 with its base in Calcutta, Bengal, British India. The airline shifted operations to the newly independent state of Pakistan in 1947,NEWS,weblink PIA's Seventy Year Long Descent, The Express Tribune, Saad, Hasan, 23 May 2016, 29 April 2018, and was rechristened as Pakistan International Airlines in 1955.BOOK, James J Lynch, Airline Organization in the 1980s: An Industry Report on Strategies and Structures for Coping withChange,weblink 11 November 1984, Palgrave Macmillan UK, 978-1-349-07630-7, 98–, BOOK, Ernesto Sánchez-Triana, Javaid Afzal, Dan Biller, Sohail Malik, Greening Growth in Pakistan through Transport Sector Reforms: A Strategic Environmental, Poverty, and Social Assessment,weblink 18 July 2013, World Bank Publications, 978-0-8213-9930-9, 205–, It was the first and only Muslim owned airline in British Raj and flew from 1947 to 1955.WEB,weblinkweblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20090207071749weblink">weblink Formation of Muslim-owned economic institutions: 1940-1947, 7 February 2009, WEB,weblink Pakistani International Airlines: About PIA - History, 20 March 2014,

History

The airline was registered in Calcutta, British Raj on 23 October 1946.Civil Appeal nos 172K to 175K, 177K to 182 K of 2009 Judgement of the Supreme Court of Pakistan p. 6. Retrieved 31 October 2015 The initial investment was provided by the Ispahani, Adamjee, and the Arag group. Mirza Ahmad Ispahani, being its first chairman, and Air Vice-Marshal O.K. Carter, the general manager, obtained an operating license in May 1947. Four Douglas DC-3s were obtained from Temple, Texas in February 1947 and operations first started on 4 June 1947. The designated route was Kolkata-Sittwe (then known as Akyab)-Yangon (Myanmar), which also happened to be the first post-war international operation to be flown by an airline registered in the British Raj.Orient Airways, along with the help of some chartered BOAC aircraft, started relief operations and transportation of the population between Delhi and Karachi, the capitals of India and Pakistan, respectively. Later, Orient Airways transferred its base to Pakistan and established the vital link between Karachi and Dhaka (Dacca). With a skeleton fleet of just two DC-3s, three crew, and twelve mechanics, Orient Airways re-launched its scheduled operations. The initial routes were Karachi-Lahore-Peshawar, Karachi-Quetta-Lahore, and Karachi-Delhi-Kolkata-Dhaka. By the end of 1949, Orient Airways had acquired 10 DC-3s and 3 Convair 240s which it operated on these particular routes. In 1950, it had become increasingly apparent that additional capacity would have to be inducted to cater to the growing needs of the population.On 11 March 1955, the government of Pakistan merged Orient Airways with other airlines to form Pakistan International Airlines.

Livery

Orient Airways aircraft had a green strip with the word "Orient Airways" or "Orient Skyliner". The tail was marked with the flag of Pakistan after the independence on 14 August 1947.WEB,weblink Image Detail for -weblink Images.search.yahoo.com, 4 March 2012,

Fleet

File:Convair 240 N90836 A-1417 (8870893826).jpg|thumb|Orient Airways Convair CV-240 circa 1947]]Orient Airways aircraft fleet consisted of the following aircraft. The aircraft had only Economy Class.{| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse:collapse;text-align:center; margin: 1em auto;"|+!style="background:#004F30; width:150px;" |Aircraft!style="background:#004F30; width:150px;" |In service!style="background:#004F30; width:150px;" |Orders!style="background:#004F30; width:150px;" |Passengers!style="background:#004F30; width:150px;" |Notes

Convair CV-240 family>Convair CV-240-5|3|—|40	All aircraft are added into Pakistan International Airlines.

|Douglas DC-3|10|—|25|Total| 13|—|

Former fleet

File:Orient airways aircraft crashed on 13th October 1950 is now a cofee shop..jpg|thumb|Orient airways crashed Douglas DC-3 is now a coffee shop at the Shangrila Resort in SkarduSkardu{| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse:collapse;text-align:center; margin: 1em auto;"|+!style="background:#004F30; width:150px;" |Aircraft!style="background:#004F30; width:150px;" |Total!style="background:#004F30; width:150px;" |Introduced!style="background:#004F30; width:150px;" |Retired!style="background:#004F30; width:150px;" |Status|Douglas DC-3|1|1947|1953|1-crashed

Services

Routes

The following return routes were advised by the Board (1948):

• 1. Karachi-Quetta-Lahore
• 2. Karachi-Lahore-Rawalpindi-Peshawar
• 3. Karachi-Delhi-Allahabad-Calcutta-Dacca-Chittagong
• 4. Karachi-Ahmedabad-Bombay
• 5. Karachi-Quetta-Zahidan-Meshad-TehranWEB,weblink History of Orient Airways, 7 February 2019,

Other routes operating

• 1. Karachi-Dacca-Delhi-Karachi (daily service since March 1952)
• 2. Karachi-Dacca via Lahore (not sure if it stopped in Lahore on both legs)
• 3. Karachi-Multan-Lahore & Return (1952)
• 5. Karachi-Delhi-Calcutta-?? (1949)

Airmail

Orient Airways was the designated local carrier for airmail throughout the country. It also carried mail to India. Its services to Dacca were supplemented by BOAC's.

Accidents and incidents

Orient Airways experienced has lost only two aircraft in crashes in 1952 and 1953 respectively.1950s

• In October 1952, Orient Airways carrying cargo flight from Karachi to Dacca was crashed. There were only one of 3 was killed in this crash.
• On Monday 3 August 1953, the Douglas DC-3 registered AP-AAD operated on a hajj flight, carrying pilgrims from Karachi to Jeddah via Sharjah and Bahrain. The leg to Bahrain was to be flown by the first officer from the left-hand seat. Shortly after takeoff the aircraft entered a steep descending turn. The captain took over control but could not recover the aircraft. The Douglas DC-3 struck the ground. There were only one of 25 was killed in this crash. "The accident resulted from the loss of control of the aircraft by the first officer shortly after taking off on a dark night when instrument flying was necessary. This loss of control was due to the inability of the first officer to fly on instruments. The responsibility for the accident is attributed to the captain for failing to supervise the piloting of the aircraft by the first officer."

See also

• Adamjee Group

References

{{Reflist}}{{Airlines of Pakistan}}{{Pakistan International Airlines}}