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Lincoln Center
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{{Short description|Performing arts venue in New York City}}{{About|the performing arts venue in New York City|other uses|Lincoln Center (disambiguation)}}{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2019}}







factoids
Performing arts center>Performing-arts center| built = 1955–1969 David Geffen Hall>Philharmonic Hall, opened)New York City Subway:{{NYCS Broadway-Seventh local day>time=bullets}} at 66th Street–Lincoln Center station{{bus icon}} NYCT Bus: {{NYC bus link>M5M11M104}}lincolncenter.org}}}}Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts (also simply known as Lincoln Center) is a {{convert|16.3|acre|ha|abbr=off|adj=on}} complex of buildings in the Lincoln Square neighborhood on the Upper West Side of Manhattan.WEB,www.lincolncenter.org/visit, Lincoln Center, www.lincolncenter.org, September 27, 2019, It has thirty indoor and outdoor facilities and is host to 5 million visitors annually. It houses internationally renowned performing arts organizations including the New York Philharmonic, the Metropolitan Opera, the New York City Ballet, the Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center and the Juilliard School.

History

Planning

File:David_Geffen_Hall_(48047408511).jpg|thumb|right|David Geffen Hall, home of the New York PhilharmonicNew York PhilharmonicFile:The David H. Koch Theater photo D Ramey Logan.jpg|thumb|right|The David H. Koch Theater at Lincoln Center, home of the New York City BalletNew York City BalletFile:Lincoln Center Tully Night 3.jpg|thumb|Alice Tully Hall, home of the Chamber Music Society of Lincoln CenterChamber Music Society of Lincoln CenterA consortium of civic leaders and others, led by and under the initiative of philanthropistJohn D. Rockefeller III, built Lincoln Center as part of the “Lincoln Square Renewal Project” during Robert Moses’s program of New York’s urban renewal in the 1950s and 1960s.“Rockefeller Philanthropy: Lincoln Center” (PDF format). Respected architects were contracted to design the major buildings on the site.Rockefeller was appointed as the Lincoln Center’s inaugural president in 1956, and once he resigned, became its chairman in 1961.WEB,www.aboutlincolncenter.org/about/history/archive-1960s, Archive 1960s {{!, Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts|website=www.aboutlincolncenter.org|access-date=September 27, 2019}} He is credited with raising more than half of the $184.5 million in private funds needed to build the complex, including drawing from his own funds; the Rockefeller Brothers Fund also contributed to the project. Numerous architects were hired to build different parts of the center (see {{section link||Architects}}). The center’s first three buildings, David Geffen Hall (formerly Avery Fisher Hall, originally named Philharmonic Hall), David H. Koch Theater (formerly the New York State Theater), and the Metropolitan Opera House were opened in 1962, 1964, and 1966, respectively.It is unclear whether the center was named as a tribute to U.S. President Abraham Lincoln or for its location in the Lincoln Square Neighborhood.BOOK, Roberts, Sam, A History of New York in 101 Objects, Simon and Schuster, 2016, 978-1-4767-2877-3, New York, 208, en, The name was bestowed on the area in 1906 by the New York City Board of Aldermen, but records give no reason for choosing that name.Gray, Christopher (October 2, 2005). “Streetscapes: Readers’ Questions; The Story of a Name, the Tale of a Co-op”. The New York Times. Retrieved May 18, 2012. There has long been speculation that the name came from a local landowner, because the square was previously named Lincoln Square. However, property records from the New York Municipal Archives from that time have no record of a Lincoln surname; they only list the names Johannes van Bruch, Thomas Hall, Stephen De Lancey, James De Lancey, James De Lancey Jr. and John Somerindyck.NEWS,cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/05/11/50-years-in-lincoln-centers-name-is-still-a-mystery/, 50 Years In, Lincoln Center’s Name Is Still a Mystery, Collins, Glenn, May 11, 2009, The New York Times, September 27, 2019, One speculation is that references to President Lincoln were omitted from the records because the mayor in 1906 was George B. McClellan Jr., son of General George B. McClellan, who was general-in-chief of the Union Army early in the American Civil War and a bitter rival of Lincoln’s.NEWS, 50 Years In, Center’s Name Is Still a Mystery, Collins, Glenn, May 11, 2009, The New York Times,cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/05/11/50-years-in-lincoln-centers-name-is-still-a-mystery/, November 15, 2010,

Historical timeline

{{prose|date=January 2020}}
  • April 21, 1955: The Mayor’s Slum Clearance Committee chaired by Robert Moses is approved by the New York City Board of Estimate to designate Lincoln Square for urban renewal.WEB,www.aboutlincolncenter.org/about/history/archive-1950s, Archive 1950s {{!, Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts|website=www.aboutlincolncenter.org|access-date=September 27, 2019}}
  • November 8, 1955: John D. Rockefeller III is elected as chairman.
  • June 22, 1956: Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, Inc. incorporated.
  • October 31, 1956: Lincoln Square Development Plan is approved, many changes to the area are proposed.WEB,artsandculture.google.com/exhibit/the-construction-of-lincoln-center-for-the-performing-arts-1959-69/BgICTK2US70oKA, The Construction of Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts (1959–69) – Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, Google Arts & Culture, en, 2020-02-16,
  • May 14, 1959: Ground-breaking ceremony with U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
  • April 6, 1964: Lincoln Center Fountain, named for Charles Revson, opens.
  • April 23, 1964: New York State Theater opens.
  • October 14, 1965: Vivian Beaumont Theater and the Forum (now Mitzi E. Newhouse Theater) open.
  • November 30, 1965: The Library & Museum of the Performing Arts opens.
  • August 1, 1966: The first indoor festival in the United States, the Midsummer Serenades – A Mozart Festival begins.
  • September 16, 1966: The Metropolitan Opera House opens.
  • May 22, 1969: Damrosch Park and the Guggenheim Band Shell opens.
  • September 11, 1969: Alice Tully Hall (named for Alice Tully) opens.
  • October 26, 1969: Juilliard School opens.
  • May 20, 1974: The Lincoln Center Institute is officially founded.WEB,www.aboutlincolncenter.org/about/history/archive-1970, Archive 1970s {{!, Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts|website=www.aboutlincolncenter.org|access-date=September 27, 2019}}
  • October 22, 1974: The Avery Fisher Artist Program is founded to give outstanding American instrumentalists significant recognition on which to continue to build their careers. It includes both The Avery Fisher Prize and the Avery Fisher Career Grants.
  • January 30, 1976: The first live telecast of Live from Lincoln Center is broadcast over PBS.
  • October 19, 1976: Avery Fisher Hall re-opens after renovation to improve acoustics.
  • December 4, 1981: The Big Apple Circus marks its first performances at its winter home in Damrosch Park. The circus has performed every winter at Lincoln Center through the 2016 season when it was forced to liquidate its assets due to continued financial losses.NEWS,www.cnn.com/2017/01/17/opinions/circus-isnt-dead-davis-opinion/index.html, Farewell Ringling Bros., but the circus isn’t dead, Davis, Janet M., January 17, 2017, January 18, 2018, CNN,
  • September 7, 1982: New York State Theater re-opens after renovation to improve acoustics.WEB,www.aboutlincolncenter.org/about/history/archive-1980s, Archive 1980s {{!, Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts|website=www.aboutlincolncenter.org|access-date=September 27, 2019}}
  • August 3, 1987: Classical Jazz, Lincoln Center’s first concert series devoted exclusively to jazz, begins in Alice Tully Hall.
  • November 19, 1990: The Samuel B. and David Rose Building opens housing the Walter Reade Theater, the Stanley H. Kaplan Penthouse, the Daniel and Joanna S. Rose Rehearsal Studio, the Clark Studio Theater, the School of American Ballet, Juilliard School student residences, and office space for a number of the member organizations.WEB,www.aboutlincolncenter.org/about/history/archive-1990s, Archive 1990s {{!, Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts|website=www.aboutlincolncenter.org|access-date=September 27, 2019}}
  • January 27, 1991: The Mozart Bicentennial at Lincoln Center opens with concerts held at Avery Fisher Hall and the Metropolitan Opera House, making it the world’s largest and most comprehensive tribute to the life and works of Mozart.
  • June 13, 1994: Beverly Sills is elected Chairman of the Board of the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, Inc. She is the first woman and the first professional musician to be elected to this position, serving until May 1, 2002.
  • January 18, 2001: The Lincoln Center Constituent Development Project is established to implement and oversee the comprehensive reconstruction, renovation, and modernization of Lincoln Center.WEB,www.aboutlincolncenter.org/about/history/archive-today, Archive Today {{!, Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts|website=www.aboutlincolncenter.org|access-date=September 27, 2019}}
  • October 18, 2004: Jazz at Lincoln Center opens. The hall is made up of three theaters: the Rose Theater, the Allen Room, and Dizzy’s Club Coca-Cola.
  • March 20, 2006: Preliminary construction on the West 65th Street Project begins. The Promenade Project, a plan to renovate Josie Robertson Plaza and the Columbus Avenue frontage to the Lincoln Center campus, is announced.
  • June 8, 2006: Lincoln Center announces plans to transform the nearby Harmony Atrium into a public space for the arts open to the public, neighbors, students, and center patrons.
  • February 22, 2009: Alice Tully Hall reopens after redevelopment.Sisario, Ben. (May 6, 2008) “Tully Hall to Reopen in 2009 With Eclectic Music Festival” The New York Times Retrieved May 23, 2014.
  • September 30, 2009: Opening of the redesigned Charles H. Revson Fountain.
  • May 21, 2010: Renovation plans of central and north plazas unveiled.NEWS,www.nytimes.com/2010/05/21/arts/design/21lincoln.html, The Greening of Lincoln Center, Ouroussoff, Nicolai, May 20, 2010, The New York Times, July 31, 2010, Nicolai Ouroussoff,
  • June 4, 2012: Claire Tow Theater opens.
  • October 1, 2012: The President’s Bridge opens over West 65th Street.
  • May 15, 2013: Jed Bernstein begins tenure as president.NEWS,www.nytimes.com/2013/05/16/arts/jed-bernstein-of-broadway-to-lead-lincoln-center.html, Lincoln Center Turns to Broadway for Its Next Chief, Pogrebin, Robin, The New York Times, May 12, 2014,
  • October 1, 2013: The New York City Opera files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy reorganization and ceases operation.WEB,www.billboard.com/articles/news/5740742/new-york-city-opera-to-file-for-bankruptcy, New York City Opera To File For Bankruptcy, January 18, 2018, Billboard (magazine), Billboard,
  • September 24, 2015: Avery Fisher Hall renamed David Geffen Hall.NEWS, Smith, Jennifer, September 24, 2015,www.wsj.com/articles/lincoln-center-concert-hall-renamed-for-david-geffen-1443143319, Lincoln Center Concert Hall Renamed for David Geffen, The Wall Street Journal, September 27, 2015,
  • January 22, 2016: The New York City Opera resumes performances in the Rose Theater.NEWS,www.philly.com/philly/entertainment/arts/20160125_New_York_City_Opera_s_resurrection_may_be_right.html, New York City Opera’s resurrection may be right, Stearns, David Patrick, January 25, 2016, Philadelphia Inquirer, January 18, 2018,
  • November 16, 2016: Debora Spar becomes Lincoln Center’s first woman president after the sudden departure of Jed Bernstein.PRESS RELEASE, Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts Appoints Debora L. Spar as President and CEO,www.aboutlincolncenter.org/press-room/release/1011, November 16, 2016, Lincoln Center, August 7, 2017,

Construction milestones

In 1955, the first city institution to commit to be part of the Lincoln Square Renewal Project, an effort to revitalize the city’s west side with a new performing arts complex that would become the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, was the Fordham Law School of Fordham University.WEB,www.fordham.edu/info/20880/about/3267/history, History, L, Ekins Dianna, www.fordham.edu, en, September 27, 2019, In 1961, Fordham Law School was the first building to open as part of the renewal project, and in 1968, Fordham College at Lincoln Center welcomed its first students.The development of the condominium at 3 Lincoln Center,Goldberger, Paul (July 28, 1991). “Architecture View”. The New York Times. completed in 1991, designed by Lee Jablin of Harman Jablin Architects, made possible the expansion of The Juilliard School and the School of American Ballet.Gill, Brendan (August 19, 1991). “The Skyline”. The New Yorker. pp. 57–60.Bosco, Pearl (November 1989). “Three Lincoln Center”. Institute for Urban Design. Project Monograph. Vol. 2, No. 4.The center’s cultural institutions also have since made use of facilities located away from the main campus. In 2004, the center expanded through the addition of Jazz at Lincoln Center’s newly built facilities, the Frederick P. Rose Hall, at the new Time Warner Center, located a few blocks to the south. In March 2006, the center launched construction on a major redevelopment plan that modernized, renovated, and opened up its campus. Redevelopment was completed in 2012 with the completion of the President’s Bridge over West 65th Street.Pogrebin, Robin. (October 1, 2012) “New Bridge at Lincoln Center to Open Monday”. The New York Times Retrieved May 23, 2014.

Renovations

When first announced in 1999, Lincoln Center’s campus-wide redevelopment was to cost $1.5 billion over 10 years and radically transform the campus.NEWS, Robin, Pogrebin, May 8, 2003,www.nytimes.com/2003/05/08/arts/lincoln-center-proceeds-modestly.html, Lincoln Center Proceeds, Modestly, The New York Times, The center management held an architectural competition, won by the British architect Norman Foster in 2005, but did not approve a full scale redesign until 2012, in part because of the need to raise $300 million in construction costs and the New York Philharmonic’s fear that it might lose audiences and revenue while it was displaced.Pogrebin, Robin (November 28, 2012), “Avery Fisher Hall to Be Renovated”. The New York Times.Polsky, Sarah. (November 29, 2012) “Avery Fisher Hall Will Finally Get Its Long-Delayed Makeover” Curbed NY Among the architects that have been involved were Frank Gehry; Cooper, Robertson & Partners; Skidmore, Owings & Merrill; Beyer Blinder Belle; Fox & Fowle; Olin Partnership; and Diller & Scofidio.Pogrebin, Robin. (June 19, 2003), “Costs and Approach Disputed in Lincoln Center Redevelopment”. The New York Times.In March 2006, the center launched the 65th Street Project – part of a major redevelopment plan continuing through the fall of 2012 – to create a new pedestrian promenade designed to improve accessibility and the aesthetics of that area of the campus. Additionally, Alice Tully Hall was modernized and reopened to critical and popular acclaim in 2009 and Film at Lincoln Center expanded with the new Elinor Bunin Munroe Film Center. Topped by a sloping lawn roof, the film center is part of a new pavilion that also houses a destination restaurant named Lincoln, as well as offices. Subsequent projects were added which addressed improvements to the main plazas and Columbus Avenue Grand Stairs. Under the direction of the Lincoln Center Development Project, Diller Scofidio + Renfro in association with FXFOWLE Architects and Beyer Blinder Belle Architects provided the design services. Additionally, Turner Construction Company and RCDolner, LLCWEB,www.rcdolner.com, RCDolner Construction, Rcdolner.com, May 11, 2012, May 31, 2017, were the construction managers for the projects.NEWS, On 65th Street, Glimpsing Lincoln Center’s Future, Robin, Pogrebin, Robin Pogrebin,www.nytimes.com/2006/08/17/arts/design/17linc.html, The New York Times, August 17, 2006, July 31, 2010, “Transforming Lincoln Center” on Lincoln Center website {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130528120042www.lincolncenter.org/load_screen.asp?screen=transforming |date=May 28, 2013 }} Another component to redevelopment was the addition of the David Rubenstein Atrium designed by Tod Williams Billie Tsien Architects, a visitors’ center and a gateway to the center that offers free performances, day-of-discount tickets, food, and free Wi-Fi.{{Lincoln Center map}}

Architects

Architects who designed buildings at the center include:

Constituent structures

missing image!
- Metropolitan Opera auditorium.jpg -
Auditorium of the Metropolitan Opera House at Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts
missing image!
- New York Philharmonic at Avery Fisher Hall (7230083424).jpg -
Interior of the David Geffen Hall before a concert by the New York Philharmonic
missing image!
- New York State Theater by David Shankbone.jpg -
Interior of the David H. Koch Theater
The center has 30 indoor and outdoor performance facilities including:
  • Metropolitan Opera House: a 3,900-seat opera house; the home stage of the Metropolitan Opera; as well as List Hall
  • David Geffen Hall (formerly Philharmonic Hall and Avery Fisher Hall): a 2,738-seat symphony hall; the home stage of the New York Philharmonic
  • David H. Koch Theater (formerly New York State Theater): a 2,586-seat theater; constructed as the home of the New York City Ballet, it is also the former home of the New York City Opera and the Music Theater of Lincoln Center companies
  • Alice Tully Hall: a 1,095-seat concert hall located within the Juilliard School building; the home stage of The Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center
  • Vivian Beaumont Theater: a 1,080-seat Broadway theater; operated since 1985 as the main stage of Lincoln Center Theater; previously occupied by The Repertory Theater of Lincoln Center (1965–1973) and The New York Shakespeare Festival (1973–1977)
  • Mitzi E. Newhouse Theater (originally known as the Forum): a 299-seat theater; operated by Lincoln Center Theater for its Off-Broadway-style productionsSee {{IOBDB venue|2|Mitzi E. Newhouse Theater}} for a list of productions in the venue.
  • Film at Lincoln Center, which presents films daily at:
    • The Walter Reade Theater: a 268-seat movie theater.
    • Elinor Bunin Munroe Film Center:WEB, Now Playing,www.filmlinc.org/now-playing/, 2020-02-15, Film at Lincoln Center, en, home to the Francesca Beale Theater, Howard Gilman Theater, and the Amphitheater
  • Claire Tow Theater: a 131-seat theater operated by Lincoln Center Theater to house more experimental productions
  • Bruno Walter AuditoriumWEB,www.nypl.org/bruno-walter-auditorium, The Bruno Walter Auditorium, www.nypl.org, 2020-02-15, at the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts
  • The David Rubenstein Atrium: a facility on Broadway between 62nd and 63rd Streets; includes a public visitors’ and discount-ticketing facility with amenities that include free performances and a café
  • The Clark Studio Theater: a 120-seat dance theater; a part of the facilities of Lincoln Center EducationPogrebin, Robin. (October 8, 2013) “$4 Million Grant to Help Rebrand Lincoln Center Institute” The New York Times Retrieved May 23, 2014.
  • Damrosch Park: an outdoor amphitheater with a bowl-style stage known as the Guggenheim Band Shell; used for free Lincoln Center Out of Doors presentations and with a special dance floor for Midsummer Night Swing.
  • Daniel and Joanna S. Rose Rehearsal Studio
  • Josie Robertson Plaza: the center’s central plaza, featuring its iconic fountain; the three main buildings (Metropolitan Opera House, David Geffen Hall, and David H. Koch Theater) face onto this plaza; used as an outdoor venue during Lincoln Center Out of Doors presentations
  • Juilliard School: a facility housing the school of the same name: building also incorporates Morse Recital Hall, Paul Recital Hall, Stephanie P. McClelland Drama Theater, Rosemary and Meredith Willson Theater, Peter Jay Sharp Theater, and the Harold and Mimi Steinberg Drama Studio (Room 301).
  • Stanley H. Kaplan Penthouse:WEB,www.lincolncenter.org/venue/stanley-h-kaplan-penthouse, Lincoln Center, www.lincolncenter.org, 2020-02-15, a nightclub-style venue; used for intimate concerts, “Meet the Artist” and Great Performers events, lectures, and other events where a small, intimate space is preferred; was also used for jazz performances prior to the construction of the new Jazz at Lincoln Center facilities
  • Jazz at Lincoln Center: while a part of the center, it is located separately in the Frederick P. Rose Hall complex within the Deutsche Bank Center at Columbus Circle. It consists of the following performance and related facilities:
    • The Appel Room: a 508-seat amphitheater with {{convert|50|foot|m|abbr=off|adj=on}} glass wall overlooking Central Park; from 2011 to 2013, it was used as the studio for Anderson Live, a daytime-television talk show hosted by Anderson Cooper
    • Dizzy’s Club Coca-Cola: a nightclub-style venue that allows jazz to be performed in its traditional venue
    • Rose Theater: a 1,094-seat concert hall designed for jazz performances. Rose Theater is the largest performing space at Jazz at Lincoln Center. It consists of three floors. The first floor is orchestra, the second floor is Mezzanine, and the third floor is balcony.
    • Irene Diamond Education Center: a rehearsal, recording and classroom facility
  • Other outdoor venues include Hearst Plaza, Barclay’s Capital Grove, and Broadway Plaza.“Map of Lincoln Center” {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140702054024lc.lincolncenter.org/visitor-guide/location |date=July 2, 2014}}. Retrieved May 23, 2014.
(File:Lincon Center Rose Theater.jpg|thumb|Interior of the Rose Theater)

Resident organizations

The center serves as home for eleven resident arts organizations:WEB,www.lincolncenter.org/visit/, What Is Lincoln Center, and What Is a Resident Organization?, Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, August 7, 2017, January 5, 2016,www.lincolncenter.org/visit/," title="web.archive.org/web/20160105042256www.lincolncenter.org/visit/,">web.archive.org/web/20160105042256www.lincolncenter.org/visit/, dead, {{div col|colwidth=30em}} {{div col end}}(File:Coming-Home0-Quintet-Cr Tristan Cook.jpg|thumb|350x350px|Adrienne Arsht Stage, inside Alice Tully Hall.WEB,www.lincolncenter.org/venue/alice-tully-hall, Lincoln Center, www.lincolncenter.org, 2020-02-21, )

Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts

Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts (LCPA) is one of the eleven resident organizations, and serves as presenter of artistic programming, leader in arts and education and community relations, and manager of the center’s campus. LCPA has some 5,000 programs, initiatives, and events annually, and its programs include American Songbook, Great Performers, Lincoln Center Festival, Lincoln Center Out of Doors, Midsummer Night Swing, the Mostly Mozart Festival, Target Free Thursdays, the White Light Festival and the Emmy Award–winning Live from Lincoln Center.“About Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, Inc. (LCPA)”. About Lincoln Center and Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, Inc. (LCPA). Retrieved May 23, 2014.In July 2006, the LCPA announced it would join with publishing company John Wiley & Sons to publish at least 15 books on performing arts, and would draw on the Lincoln Center Institute’s educational background and archives.Maul, Kimberly (July 27, 2006). “Wiley and Lincoln Center Dance Together”{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. The Book Standard.

Cultural Innovation Fund

Lincoln Center Cultural Innovation Fund is the first of its kind as a grant program that seeks to make the arts accessible to all people, focusing on those who live in some of New York City’s poorest neighborhoods.NEWS,philanthropynewsdigest.org/news/lincoln-center-cultural-innovation-fund-awards-innovation-fund-grants, Lincoln Center Cultural Innovation Fund Awards Innovation Fund Grants, Center, Foundation, Philanthropy News Digest (PND), November 8, 2017, en, Partnering with the Rockefeller Foundation, the new pilot grant program offers one-time grants to non-profit organizations to provide cultural activities in these communities in the diverse neighborhoods of Central Brooklyn and the South Bronx.WEB,www.lincolncenterculturalinnovationfund.org/, Lincoln Center Cultural Innovation Fund, Lincoln Center Cultural Innovation Fund, September 27, 2019, Each of the 12 grantees will receive support and financial backing for their project based on organizational budget size. These are one-year long projects, and grant amounts range from $50,000–$100,000. The over-all goal of the program is to support non-profit organizations in creating cultural innovative strategies that cultivate participation in the arts as well as increase the range and availability of cultural activities to underserved communities.WEB,www.aboutlincolncenter.org/press-room/release/1017?category_id=76, Press Release {{!, Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts|website=www.aboutlincolncenter.org|language=en-gb|access-date=November 8, 2017}}

Corporate sponsors

  • 200 Amsterdam
  • American Express
  • Bank of America
  • BNY Mellon
  • Colgate-Palmolive
  • First Republic Bank
  • Google
  • Holland America
  • J.C.C.I
  • Mitsubishi Corporation(Americas)
  • Mitsui & Co. (U.S.A.), Inc.
  • Morgan Stanley
  • Movado
  • NBCUniversal
  • NewYork-Presbyterian
  • Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal U.S.A., Inc.
  • Nordstrom
  • Omnicom
  • PepsiCo
  • PGIM
  • Sumitomo Corporation of America
  • Zabar’s and Zabars.com
  • The Walt Disney CompanyWEB,www.aboutlincolncenter.org/support/support-corporate-sponsorship/corporate-sponsors, Corporate Sponsors {{!, Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts|website=www.aboutlincolncenter.org|access-date=2020-02-16}}

See also

References

Notes{{Reflist}}Bibliography
  • BOOK, Young, Edgar B., 1980, Lincoln Center: The Building of an Institution, New York, New York University Press, 978-0-81479-656-6, 6446862,
  • BOOK, Polisi, Joseph W., Joseph W. Polisi, 2022, Beacon to the World: A History of Lincoln Center, New Haven, Connecticut, Yale University Press, 978-0-30024-996-5, 1314630733,

External links

{{Commons category}} {{Lincoln Center}}{{Authority control}}

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