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{{Short description|American physical chemist, civil servant (born 1938)}}{{For|the Canadian economist|John James Deutsch}}

factoids

William J. Perry>William Perry| successor1 = John P. WhiteUnder Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics>Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology| president2 = Bill Clinton| term_start2 = April 2, 1993| term_end2 = March 11, 1994| predecessor2 = Donald Yockey| successor2 = Paul G. Kaminski| birth_name = John Mark Deutch193827}}| birth_place = Brussels, Belgium| death_date = | death_place = | party =

• {{marriage|Samayla Dodek|1961|1985|end=divorced{edih}
• {{marriage|Patricia Lyon Martin|1995}}

}}| children = 3 (with Dodek)Amherst College (Bachelor of Arts>BA) Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Master of Science, Doctor of Philosophy>PhD)}}John Mark Deutch (born July 27, 1938) is an American physical chemist and civil servant. He was the United States Deputy Secretary of Defense from 1994 to 1995 and Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) from May 10, 1995, until December 15, 1996. He is an emeritus Institute Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and serves on the boards of directors of Citigroup, Cummins, Raytheon, and Schlumberger Ltd. Deutch is also a member of the Trilateral Commission.WEB,weblink The Trilateral Commission, September 2015 [membership list], The Trilateral Commission, 22 March 2018, 18 April 2021,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20210418083723weblink">weblink dead,

Background

Deutch was born in Brussels, Belgium, the son of Rachel Felicia (Fischer) and Michael Joseph Deutch.BOOK,weblink Encyclopedia of the Central Intelligence Agency, W. Thomas, Smith, 22 March 2018, Infobase Publishing, 9781438130187, 22 March 2018, Google Books, He is of Russian Jewish heritage, and became a United States citizen in 1945.WEB,weblinkweblink dead, June 13, 2007, John Deutch — Central Intelligence Agency, www.cia.gov, 22 March 2018, He graduated from the Sidwell Friends School in Washington, D.C., and earned a bachelor's degree in history and economics from Amherst College. In 1961, he earned a Master of Science degree in chemical engineering and, in 1966, he earned a PhD in chemistry, both from Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He holds honorary degrees from Amherst College, University of Massachusetts Lowell, and Northeastern University.From 1977 to 1980, he served in several positions for the United States Department of Energy (DOE): as director of energy research, acting assistant secretary for energy technology, and undersecretary of the department. In 1978, Deutch published two physical chemistry papers (in, Combustion and Flame, 1978, vol 231 pp. 215–221 and 223-229) on modeling the mechanism of the fuel/air mixture. He served as the provost of MIT from 1985 to 1990. As MIT's dean of science and provost, Deutch oversaw the disbanding of the department of applied biological sciences, including its toxicology faculty. Furthermore, in December of 2012, he was elected to the Board of Trustees for the MIT-Russia Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technologyweblink

CIA Director tenure

In 1995, President Bill Clinton appointed him Director of Central Intelligence. As Deutch was initially reluctant to accept the appointment, the position was conferred with Cabinet rank, a prerequisite ultimately retained by successor George Tenet through the end of the Clinton administration. As head of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Deutch continued the policy of his predecessor R. James Woolsey to declassify records pertaining to U.S. covert operations during the Cold War.WEB,weblinkweblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20071230103930weblink">weblink dead, "CIA's Historical Review Program", National Archives (NARA) electronic collections, December 30, 2007, In 1996, Deutch took the unusual step of traveling to Locke High School in Los Angeles to address reports that the CIA had facilitated the introduction of crack cocaine into Los Angeles.WEB,weblink CIA Head Speaks in L.A. To Counter Crack Claims, Los Angeles Times, 16 November 1996, NEWS,weblink C.I.A. Chief Visits Watts to Counter Crack Talk, The New York Times, 16 November 1996, Ayres, B. Drummond Jr., Speaking to a hostile crowd, Deutch denied any connection between the CIA and cocaine traffic in Los Angeles and vowed to open an investigation. The meeting was prompted by allegations published by journalist Gary Webb that connected the CIA to the California cocaine trade and trafficker Danilo Blandón.WEB,weblink Gary Webb And The Limits Of Vindication, Charles P., Pierce, June 18, 2013, Esquire, November 11, 2018, December 23, 2014,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20141223023349weblink">weblink live, Deutch fell out of favor with the Clinton administration because of public testimony he gave to Congress on Iraq. Specifically Deutch testified that Saddam Hussein was stronger than he had been four years earlier, and the CIA might never be able to remedy the issue. After he won reelection, Clinton replaced Deutch.Doyle McManus, "Clinton Appears Set to Pick Lake as CIA Director," Los Angeles Times (04 December 1996)'Legacy of Ashes: The History of the CIA’, by: Tim Weiner (paperback, 2008), p.535(File:President Clinton and CIA Director John Deutch - Flickr - The Central Intelligence Agency.jpg|thumb|Deutch meeting with President Clinton to discuss Bosnia in 1996|left)Deutch left the CIA on December 15, 1996, and soon after it was revealed that several of his laptop computers contained classified information wrongfully labeled as unclassified.NEWS, Improper Hnadling of Classified Information By John M. Deutch, Snider, L. Britt,weblink Central Intelligence Agency Inspector General, February 18, 2000, In January 1997, the CIA began a formal security investigation of the matter. Senior management at CIA declined to pursue fully the security breach. Over two years after his departure, the matter was referred to the Department of Justice, where Attorney General Janet Reno declined prosecution. She did, however, recommend an investigation to determine whether Deutch should retain his security clearance.Central Intelligence Agency Inspector General Report of Investigation Improper Handling of Classified Information By John M. Deutch, February 18, 2000 Deutch had agreed to plead guilty to a misdemeanor for mishandling government secrets on January 19, 2001, but President Clinton pardoned him in his last day in office, two days before the Justice Department could file the case against him.Ross, Sonya, weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20080725004033weblink">"Clinton Pardons More Than 100", Washington Post, January 20, 2001weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20150915130331weblink">Ex-CIA Head Planned Guilty Plea, "Washington Post", January 24, 2001In 1995, when Deutch became head of the CIA, The New York Times quoted long-time critical scholar and social activist Noam Chomsky as saying, "He has more honesty and integrity than anyone I've ever met in academic life, or any other life... If somebody's got to be running the C.I.A., I'm glad it's him."NEWS,weblink The C.I.A.'s most Important Mission: Itself, Tim, Weiner, The New York Times, December 10, 1995, File:JohnDeutch-EnergySeminar-Jan2020.png|thumb|Deutch teaching at M.I.T., 2020.]]

Board memberships and fellowships

Deutch was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2007.WEB, APS Member History,weblink 2021-05-17, search.amphilsoc.org, He has been a member of the National Petroleum Council since 2008 and the Secretary of DOE Energy Advisory Board, since 2010.WEB,weblink John M. Deutch, Harvard.edu, 24 Apr 2014, In 1988 Deutch was elected as a fellow of the National Academy of Public Administration.WEB, Incorporated, Prime, National Academy of Public Administration,weblink 2023-02-07, National Academy of Public Administration, en,

Personal life

In June 2003, his son Philip Joseph Deutch (from his first marriage) then a managing director and venture capitalist at Perseus LLC, married Marne Levine, who later served as the COO of Instagram.NEWS, WEDDINGS/CELEBRATIONS; Marne Levine, Philip Deutch,weblink 14 February 2018, New York Times, 22 June 2003,

See also

• List of people pardoned or granted clemency by the president of the United States

Sources

{{reflist|2}}

External links

• Deutch's MIT Biography
• War and Peace in the Nuclear Age; Reagan's Shield: An Interview with John Deutch, WGBH December 1987
• weblink" title="archive.today/20130118151926weblink">"Nora Slatkin's Mission Impossible: The CIA," BusinessWeek Feb. 26, 1996 — About the executive director hired by Deutch to improve diversity at the CIA.
• {{C-SPAN|29875}}

{{DCIA}}{{USDepSecDef}}{{Clinton cabinet}}{{MIT provosts}}{{Citigroup}}{{Authority control}}