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{{Short description|City in Rostov Oblast, Russia}}

factoids

| image_flag = Flag of Taganrog.svg| flag_caption = | image_coa = Coat of Arms of Taganrog (Rostov oblast) (1808).png| coa_caption = | anthem = Anthem of Taganrog| anthem_ref = Decision #537| holiday = September 12| holiday_ref = Charter of Taganrog, Article 2| federal_subject = Rostov Oblast| federal_subject_ref = | adm_district_jur = | adm_district_jur_ref = City of federal subject significance>Urban Okrug| adm_inhabloc_jur_ref = | adm_citydistrict_type = | adm_selsoviet_jur = | adm_selsoviet_type = | adm_selsoviet_jur_ref = | capital_of = | capital_of_ref = | adm_ctr_of1 = Taganrog Urban Okrug | adm_ctr_of1_ref = | adm_ctr_of2 = | adm_ctr_of2_ref = | inhabloc_cat = City| inhabloc_cat_ref = | inhabloc_type = | inhabloc_type_ref = | mun_district_jur = | mun_district_jur_ref = | urban_okrug_jur = Taganrog Urban Okrug| urban_okrug_jur_ref = | urban_settlement_jur = | urban_settlement_jur_ref = | rural_settlement_jur = | rural_settlement_jur_ref = | inter_settlement_territory = | inter_settlement_territory_ref = | mun_admctr_of1 = Taganrog Urban Okrug | mun_admctr_of1_ref = | mun_admctr_of2 = | mun_admctr_of2_ref = | leader_title = Head| leader_title_ref = Charter of Taganrog, Article 12| leader_name = Mikhail SolonitsinMikhail Solonitsin, Head of the Administration of the City of Taganrog {{in lang>ru}}| representative_body = City Duma| representative_body_ref = | elevation_m = | area_km2 = 80Information About Taganrog {{in lang>ru}}| pop_2010census = 257681| pop_2010census_rank = 72nd2010Census}}| pop_latest = 251100| pop_latest_date = January 2016Russian Federal State Statistics Service>Federal State Statistics Service. Cities with Populations of 100,000 and Over {{in lang|ru}}| population_demonym = | established_date = September 12, 1698| established_title = | established_date_ref = | current_cat_date = 1775| current_cat_date_ref = | abolished_date = | abolished_date_ref = | postal_codes = 347900, 347902, 347904, 347905, 347909, 347910, 347913, 347916, 347919, 347922–347924, 347927, 347928, 347930–347932, 347935, 347936, 347939, 347942, 347943, 347949, 347990| postal_codes_ref = | dialing_codes = 8634| dialing_codes_ref = | website =weblink}}

factoids

Soviet Census (1989)>1989 Census1989Census}}Soviet Census (1979)>1979 Census1979Census}}}}Taganrog (, {{IPA-ru|təɡɐnˈrok|IPA}}) is a port city in Rostov Oblast, Russia, on the north shore of Taganrog Bay in the Sea of Azov, several kilometers west of the mouth of the Don River. It is in the Black Sea region. Population: {{ru-census|p2021=245,120|p2010=257,681|p2002=281,947|p1989=291,622}}

History

The history of the city goes back to the late Bronze Age–early Iron Age (between the 20th and 10th centuries BC), when it was the earliest Greek settlement in the northwestern Black Sea region and was mentioned by the Greek historian Herodotus as emporion Kremnoi (Κρήμνοι, meaning cliffs).WEB,weblink taganrogcity.com - Taganrog's Ancient History, taganrogcity.com, In the 13th century, Pisan merchants founded a colony, Portus Pisanus, which was however short-lived.EB1911, Taganrog, 26, 355–356, Taganrog was founded by Peter the Great on 12 September 1698. The first Russian Navy base, it hosted the Azov Flotilla of Catherine the Great (1770–1783), which subsequently became the Russian Black Sea Fleet. Taganrog was granted city status in 1775.BOOK, Энциклопедия Города России, 2003, Большая Российская Энциклопедия, Moscow, 5-7107-7399-9, 454–455, By the end of the 18th century, Taganrog had lost its importance as a military base after Crimea and the entire Sea of Azov were absorbed into the Russian Empire. In 1802, Tsar Alexander I granted the city special status, which lasted until 1887. In 1825, the Alexander I Palace in Taganrog was used as his summer residence, and he died there in November 1825. Also in Taganrog is the House of Teacher, a mansion where numerous artists have performed.Although it had been bombarded and damaged by an Anglo-French fleet in 1855, Taganrog became important as a commercial port, used for the import of grain by the end of the 19th century until the early 20th century. Industrialization increased in the city when Belgian and German investors founded a boiler factory, an iron and steel foundry, a leather factory, and an oil press factory. By 1911, fifteen foreign consulates had opened in the city.WEB,weblink taganrogcity.com - Taganrog History in the 19th Century, taganrogcity.com, During World War I, Taganrog was occupied by the troops of the German Army from May to August 1918. In 1919, General Anton Denikin established his headquarters at the Avgerino mansion in the city while commanding White Russian troops fighting in South Russia during the Russian Civil War. When the White Russians were defeated and Bolshevik power was established in the city on 25 December 1919, Denikin's remaining troops and the British Consulate were evacuated by HMS Montrose. Full power was granted to the executive committee of The City Soviet Workers' council on 17 December 1920, and Taganrog briefly joined the Ukrainian SSR as the administrative center of Taganrog Okrug, until it was transferred to the Russian SFSR along with Shakhty Okrug on 1 October 1924.During World War II, Taganrog was occupied by Nazi Germany from 1941 to 1943 during Operation Barbarossa, when two SS divisions entered the city on 17 October 1941, followed by the Wehrmacht. The city suffered extensive damage. Under German occupation the local government system was replaced by a German-style Bürgermeisteramt (Mayor's Office), which governed the city until it was liberated by the Red Army on 30 August 1943.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as Taganrog Urban Okrug—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.Law #340-ZS As a municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban okrug status.Law #190-ZS

Economy

{{Unreferenced section|date=August 2022}}Taganrog is the leading industrial center of Rostov Oblast. Local industry is represented by aerospace, machine-building, automobile, military, iron and steel industry, engineering, metal traders and processors, timber, woodwork, pulp and paper, food, light, chemical and construction materials. The city is one of the major ports of the Sea of Azov.The biggest company currently operating in Taganrog is Taganrog Iron & Steel Factory, (publicly traded company Tagmet), which manufactures steel, steel pipe, for oil and gas industry and consumer goods. The other major employer is Taganrog Auto Factory (TagAZ Ltd.), which originated from Taganrog Combine Harvester Factory. The plant manufactures automobiles licensed by Hyundai. The production line includes Hyundai Accent compact sedan, mid-size Hyundai Sonata, sport utility vehicle Santa Fe, and Hyundai Porter pickup truck. Taganrog is also home to the aircraft design bureau Beriev.The area around Taganrog has a large industrial potential, a diversified agricultural industry, production plants, and a modern infrastructure. The location of Taganrog on the intersection of traffic routes and the seaport facilitate access to the emerging CIS markets.Taganrog's main trading partners are the CIS countries, South Korea, Turkey, Italy, Greece, and Egypt.

Military

File:Alferaki Palace 2008.jpg|thumb|Alferaki PalaceAlferaki PalaceThe Taganrog air base is {{convert|6|km|nmi|frac=2|spell=in}} northwest of the city and hosts the Taganrog Aviation Museum. The city also hosts the Taganrog military museum.

Higher education

• (:ru:Инженерно-технологическая академия ЮФУ|Taganrog College of Technologies)
• Taganrog State Pedagogical Institute
• Taganrog College of Management and Economy

Climate

The climate of Taganrog is temperate (Köppen climate classification Cfa). Taganrog experiences moderately cold (mild by Russian standards) winters and hot summers.{{Weather box|width = auto|location = Taganrog (1991–2020, extremes 1905–present)|metric first = yes|single line = yes| Jan record high C = 10.6| Feb record high C = 15.6| Mar record high C = 22.0| Apr record high C = 28.4| May record high C = 35.8| Jun record high C = 37.4| Jul record high C = 40.5| Aug record high C = 40.5| Sep record high C = 35.6| Oct record high C = 30.5| Nov record high C = 22.7| Dec record high C = 14.5| year record high C = 40.5| Jan high C = 0.1| Feb high C = 1.3| Mar high C = 7.0| Apr high C = 15.4| May high C = 22.2| Jun high C = 27.1| Jul high C = 29.9| Aug high C = 29.5| Sep high C = 22.9| Oct high C = 15.0| Nov high C = 6.8| Dec high C = 1.7| year high C = 14.9| Jan mean C = -2.5| Feb mean C = -1.9| Mar mean C = 3.2| Apr mean C = 10.9| May mean C = 17.6| Jun mean C = 22.3| Jul mean C = 24.7| Aug mean C = 24.1| Sep mean C = 18.0| Oct mean C = 11.0| Nov mean C = 3.8| Dec mean C = -0.9| year mean C = 10.9| Jan low C = -4.5| Feb low C = -4.2| Mar low C = 0.5| Apr low C = 7.5| May low C = 13.6| Jun low C = 18.0| Jul low C = 20.2| Aug low C = 19.4| Sep low C = 13.8| Oct low C = 7.9| Nov low C = 1.6| Dec low C = -2.8| year low C = 7.6| Jan record low C = -32.0| Feb record low C = -29.5| Mar record low C = -23.7| Apr record low C = -7.0| May record low C = -0.9| Jun record low C = 4.6| Jul record low C = 9.6| Aug record low C = 7.3| Sep record low C = -0.2| Oct record low C = -10.3| Nov record low C = -20.9| Dec record low C = -26.1| year record low C = -32.0| precipitation colour = green| Jan precipitation mm = 58| Feb precipitation mm = 48| Mar precipitation mm = 45| Apr precipitation mm = 39| May precipitation mm = 51| Jun precipitation mm = 59| Jul precipitation mm = 39| Aug precipitation mm = 36| Sep precipitation mm = 49| Oct precipitation mm = 42| Nov precipitation mm = 49| Dec precipitation mm = 56| year precipitation mm = 571|Jan precipitation days = 13.7|Feb precipitation days = 12.9|Mar precipitation days = 11.4|Apr precipitation days = 9.9|May precipitation days = 8.9|Jun precipitation days = 8.9|Jul precipitation days = 7.8|Aug precipitation days = 6.6|Sep precipitation days = 6.7|Oct precipitation days = 8.8|Nov precipitation days = 11.4|Dec precipitation days = 14.4|year precipitation days = 121.5| Jan sun = 60| Feb sun = 80| Mar sun = 129| Apr sun = 195| May sun = 271| Jun sun = 293| Jul sun = 318| Aug sun = 305| Sep sun = 237| Oct sun = 158| Nov sun = 70| Dec sun = 44| year sun = 2160| source 1 = Pogoda.ru.netWEB,weblink Погода и Климат – Климат Таганрог, Weather and Climate (Погода и климат), ru, 15 November 2021, |source 2 = Climatebase (precipitation days, sun 1916–2012)WEB,weblink Taganrog, Rostov, Russia #34720, Climatebase, 15 November 2021, |date=April 2012}}

Culture

{{See also|List of monuments and memorials in Taganrog}}

Architecture

Bishop's House, also known as Kirsanov's house, Shtalberg House and Telegraph House are located in Taganrog.

Taganrog in literature

File:Assumption Cathedral.jpg|thumb|The Assumption Cathedral in Taganrog, Russia (1818–1938), where Anton ChekhovAnton ChekhovAnton Chekhov featured the city and its people in many of his works, including Ionych, The House with an Attic, The Man in a Shell, Van'ka, Three Years, Mask, and My Life. It is believed that Taganrog may have been the Lukomorye (fairy tale land) in which Alexander Pushkin's Ruslan and Lyudmila (1820) was set.WEB,weblink ru:К локализации пушкинского Лукоморья, Михайлов, В. Д., Russian, 2009-01-13, The city also appeared in the novels of Ivan Vasilenko and Konstantin Paustovsky and in the poems of Nikolay Sherbina and Valentin Parnakh.The legend of "Elder Fyodor Kuzmich" is cited in the book Roza Mira by Russian mystic Daniil Andreyev. According to this legend, the Russian tsar Alexander I did not die in Taganrog, but instead left his crown and the status of monarch to continue his life as a traveling hermit.Troubetzkoy, Alexis S. Imperial Legend: The Mysterious Disappearance of Tsar Alexander I. New York: Arcade, 2002In foreign literature, the city was mentioned in the titles of Der Tote von Taganrog by {{Interlanguage link|Eberhard von Cranach-Sichart|de}} and Taganrog by Reinhold Schneider.In 2004 Sabine Wichert published a collection of poems entitled Taganrog.In Maria Kuncewiczowa's 1945 novel The Stranger (New York, LB Fischer publisher), the city of Taganrog plays an essential role as a place of nostalgic happiness for the uprooted Polish musician and matriarch, Rose.

Notable people

File:House_ranevskaya.jpg|thumb|Birth house of Faina RanevskayaFaina RanevskayaNumerous Russian and international aristocrats, politicians, artists, and scientists were born and/or have lived in Taganrog. Taganrog is the native city of

• Anton Chekhov,
• Faina Ranevskaya,
• Sophia Parnok,
• Alexandre Koyré,
• Isaac Yakovlevich Pavlovsky,
• Witold Rowicki,
• Georgy Sedov (1877–1914), Russian Arctic explorer
• Dmitri Sinodi-Popov

It is also associated with:

• Peter I of Russia,
• Alexander I of Russia,
• Cornelius Cruys,
• Giuseppe Garibaldi,
• Pyotr Tchaikovsky,
• Adolph Brodsky,
• Konstantin Paustovsky,
• Nestor Kukolnik,
• Achilles Alferaki,
• Ioannis Varvakis,
• Vasily Zolotarev,
• Sergei Bondarchuk,
• William Frederick Yeames{{citation needed|date=January 2019}}

File:Taganrog_alexanderImonument.jpg|Alexander I Statue in TaganrogFile:Garibaldi_Taganrog.jpg|Garibaldi Monument in TaganrogFile:Chekhov-Statue-Taganrog2006.jpg|Chekhov Monument in TaganrogFile:Near Vasilenko house-museum.jpg|Monument "Artyomka"

Twin towns – sister cities

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Russia}}Taganrog is twinned with:WEB, Города - партнеры,weblink tagancity.ru, Taganrog, ru, 2020-02-05, {{div col|colwidth=20em}}

• {{flagicon|UKR}} Antratsyt, Ukraine (2012)
• {{flagicon|GER}} Badenweiler, Germany (2002)
• {{flagicon|BUL}} Cherven Bryag, Bulgaria (1963)
• {{flagicon|CHN}} Jining, China (2009)
• {{flagicon|UKR}} Khartsyzk, Ukraine (2009)
• {{flagicon|GER}} Lüdenscheid, Germany (1991)
• {{flagicon|UKR}} Odesa, Ukraine

{{div col end}}

See also

• Apostolopulo House
• House of Laskin
• House of Sinodi-Popov
• Bust of Lenin (Taganrog)
• Freken Bock (Cafe)
• Mariupol Cemetery
• Taganrog Palace of Youth
• Monument of Cathopoul
• House of Zolotaryov
• Memorable sign Barrier
• House of Skizerl
• House of the merchant Kudrin
• House of Rabinovich
• House of Perestiani
• House of Lakiyerov
• House of Lakiyer
• Korolev and Gagarin Monument

References

Notes

{{Reflist}}

Sources

• RUSSIAN LAW, Городская Дума Таганрога, Решение, 537, 25 октября 2007 г., Об официальных символах муниципального образования "Город Таганрог", со дня официального опубликования, "Официальный Таганрог", â„–35, 10 ноября 2007 г, Решения, 73, 31 марта 2015 г, О внесении изменений в некоторые Решения Городской Думы города Таганрога, City Duma of Taganrog, Decision, 537, October 25, 2007, On the Official Symbols of the Municipal Formation of the "City of Taganrog", the day of the official publication, Decision, 73, March 31, 2015, On Amending Various Decisions of the City Duma of the City of Taganrog

,

• {{RussiaBasicLawRef|ros|taganrog}}
• {{RussiaAdmMunRef|ros|adm|law}}
• {{RussiaAdmMunRef|ros|mun|list|taganrog}}

External links

• Taganrogcity.com: official City of Taganrog website—{{in lang|en}}
• Tagancity.ru: official website of Taganrog city—{{in lang|ru}}
• Taganrog.su: unofficial website of Taganrog—{{in lang|ru}}
• weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20090109174715weblink">Taganrog State − Anton Chekhov Pedagogical Institute—{{in lang|ru}}
• weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20051022172122weblink">Soviet topographic map 1:100,000
• Russ-yug.ru: Weather forecasts for Taganrog {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805051113weblink |date=August 5, 2020 }}

{{Commons category|position=left|Taganrog}}{{Taganrog}}{{Rostov Oblast}}{{Cities of Military Glory}}{{Authority control}}{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2011}}