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{{Short description|Airport}}{{Details|topic=the relocation of the base|Relocation of Marine Corps Air Station Futenma}}{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}

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| gridref = | image_map = | image_mapsize = | image_map_alt = | image_map_caption = | pushpin_map = Japan| pushpin_mapsize = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Japan| pushpin_relief = | pushpin_image = | pushpin_label = MCAS Futenma| pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_mark = | pushpin_marksize = | ownership = Various (leased by Government of Japan and made available to the US)United States Marine Corps>US Marine Corps| controlledby = 1st Marine Aircraft Wing| open_to_public = | site_other_label = | site_other = | site_area = | code = Colonel (United States)>Colonel Henry Dolberry Jr.| past_commanders = | garrison = Marine Aircraft Group 36| occupants = | designations = | website = {{Official URL}}| IATA = | ICAO = ROTM| FAA = | TC = | LID = | GPS = | WMO = 47933075.50}}| r1-number = 06/2427400}}Asphalt concrete>Asphalt/Concrete| h1-number = | h1-length = | h1-surface = | airfield_other_label = | airfield_other = Source: Japanese Aeronautical Information Publication>AIP at AIS JapanAIS Japan}}{{nihongo|Marine Corps Air Station Futenma or MCAS Futenma|海兵隊普天間航空基地|Kaiheitai Futenma Kōkū Kichi|lead=yes}}{{Ref|A|A}}WEB,weblink ja:海兵隊普天間航空基地, 2012, United States Marine Corps, ja, Marine Corps Air Station Futenma, 25 May 2012,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20131227212730weblink">weblink 27 December 2013, dead, {{airport codes||ROTM}} is a United States Marine Corps base located in Ginowan, Okinawa, Japan, {{convert|5|NM|abbr=on|lk=in}} northeast{{Ref|B|B}} of Naha, on the island of Okinawa. It is home to approximately 3,000WEB,weblink ja:海兵隊普天間航空基地, 2012, United States Marine Corps, ja, Marine Corps Air Station Futenma, 18 July 2015,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20131227212730weblink">weblink 27 December 2013, dead, Marines of the 1st Marine Aircraft Wing and other units, and has been a U.S. military airbase since the defeat of the Japanese Imperial Army in the Battle of Okinawa in 1945. Marine Corps pilots and aircrew are assigned to the base for training and providing air support to other land and sea-based Marines in Okinawa and throughout the Asia-Pacific region. MCAS Futenma is part of the Marine Corps Installations Pacific command.MCAS Futenma is situated in Ginowan City (pop. 93,661).WEB,weblink ja:平成23年版 宜野湾市統計書, 2012, City of Ginowan, Ginowan, Okinawa Prefecture, ja, Statistics of Ginowan City, 2011 ed., 25 May 2012, dead,weblink" title="archive.today/20120729152222weblink">weblink 29 July 2012, dmy-all, The base includes a {{convert|2740|by|45|m|abbr=on|0}}{{Ref|A|A}} runway at 75 meters elevation,WEB,weblink ROTM: FUTENMA MCAS, 2012, airportnavfinder.com, USA, 21 January 2013, as well as extensive barracks, administrative and logistical facilities. The air station is tasked with operating a variety of fixed wing, rotary wing and tilt rotor aircraft in support of the III Marine Expeditionary Force, the Japan U.S. defense alliance and many allies and treaty partners in the region. The base is also used as a United Nations air distribution hub facility for response to disaster or other crisis requiring air supplies due to the length of the runway and elevation.ENCYCLOPEDIA, 日本歴史地名大系 (Nihon Rekishi Chimei Taikei), 普天間飛行場 (Futenma Hikōjō),weblink 25 May 2012, 2012, Shogakukan, Tokyo, ja, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20070825113418weblink">weblink 25 August 2007, {{failed verification|date=August 2016}}For years, the relocation of the base has been a major political issue for Okinawa, Japan and the US military and diplomacy in Asia.

History

(File:Futenma Air Base in Okinawa, Japan circa 1945.jpg|thumb|Futenma Air Base in Okinawa, Japan circa 1945|alt=|left)Futenma Airfield was constructed by the US military following the Battle of Okinawa in 1945. According to Ginowan City records, the joint population of what was then Ginowan Village (now Ginowan City) was 12,994 in 1944.{{citation needed|date=August 2015}} It was initially allocated for Eighth Air Force use to station B-29 Superfortress strategic bombers in the planned Invasion of Japan. With the end of the war, the airfield became a United States Air Force Far East Air Force installation known as Futenma Air Base, and was used as a support airfield for the nearby Kadena Air Base, hosting fighter-interceptor squadrons as part of the air defense of the Ryukyu Islands. The base was transferred to the United States Navy on 30 June 1957 and was subsequently developed into a United States Marine Corps air station by Seabees from USN Mobile Construction Battalion 3 augmented by a detachment from MCB 2.USAF Historical Research Agency Document 00219137USAF Historical Research Agency documents for Futenma Air BaseMCB 3, 1957-58-59 Cruisebook, Seabee Museum Archives, Port Hueneme, Ca When the Seabees were done they had also made facilities on the base for Navy Communications Unit 37 Futenma to transfer from Kadena. In 1957 the name changed to Naval Security Group Activity Futenma and changed again in 1960 to Naval Security Group Hanza. The group decommissioned on Futenma in 1999.Each year, MCAS Futenma opens its gates for the Futenma Flight Line Fair, which includes U.S. band performances, entertainment, static displays of all aircraft, military vehicles and demonstrations.WEB,weblink Futenma's Flightline Fair kicks off Saturday, 2013, japanupdate.com, Okinawa, 19 February 2014,

Capability

Futenma's 75 m elevation provides a safe and effective location to provide humanitarian assistance and disaster relief operations in the event of a tsunami, which would render the sea-level Naha international airport inoperable .NEWS,weblink Okinawa Base Problem Today, nippon.com, Eldridge, Robert, 3 February 2012, 24 January 2014, The 9,000 ft. runway also gives the capability of safely landing the largest commercial and military cargo planes in the world, including the Antonov An-124 Ruslan, which has landed at Futenma multiple times.NEWS,weblink Giant Plane delivers simulator, military.com, Flynn, Daniel, 22 May 2008, 24 January 2014, NEWS,weblink Antenove at Futenma, mcasfutenma.marines.mil, Rostran, Natalie, 28 June 2013, 24 January 2014, Futenma has a high record of safety with well established procedures.

Based units

Flying and notable non-flying units based at MCAS Futenma.MAGAZINE, Kaminski, Tom, 2019, Aircraft of the US Marine Corps, US Navy & Marine Corps Air Power Yearbook 2019, Key Publishing, 88–99, WEB, 1st Marine Aircraft Wing,weblink 29 June 2020, US Marines,

United States Marine Corps

Marine Corps Installations – Pacific

• Headquarters and Headquarters Squadron – UC-12W Huron and UC-35D Encore

Marine Air Control Group 18

• Marine Air Control Squadron 4 (MACS-4)
• Marine Air Support Squadron 2 (MASS-2)
• Marine Tactical Air Command Squadron 18 (MTACS-18)
• Personnel Support Detachment 18 (PSD-18)

Marine Aircraft Group 36

• Marine Aviation Logistics Squadron 36 (MALS-36)
• Marine Medium Tilt-rotor Squadron 262 (VMM-262) – MV-22B Osprey
• Marine Medium Tilt-rotor Squadron 265 (VMM-265) – MV-22B Osprey
• Marine Wing Support Squadron 172 (MWSS - 172)

Community

The airbase has become a focal point of various political controversies in recent years. Due to population growth and encroachment around the base, concerns surrounding flights over residential areas causing noise, air pollution and endangering public safety also became controversial issues in Ginowan City, as the airport is surrounded all around by residential areas, very similar to Hong Kong's old airport before relocation in 1998.ENCYCLOPEDIA, Dijitaru daijisen, 普天間飛行場 (Futenma Hikōjō),weblink 25 May 2012, 2012, Shogakukan, Tokyo, ja, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20070825113418weblink">weblink 25 August 2007, Safety concerns were raised after the August 2004 crash of a Marine Corps CH-53D transport helicopter on the campus of Okinawa International University after the aircraft suffered mechanical issues. Three crew members had minor injuries, but there were no injuries on the ground.Takahashi 2004. The Guardian has stated that the location of MCAS Futenma in Ginowan "would be like having F22s landing in Hyde Park [in London]."WEB,weblink Second battle of Okinawa looms as China's naval ambition grows, Hearst, David, 7 March 2011, the Guardian, en, Local residents also became concerned over pollution and ground water and soil contamination caused by the base's activities: for example, Lt. Col. (Ret.) Kris Roberts (USMC) told The Japan Times that his base maintenance team unearthed leaking barrels of Agent Orange at the base in 1981.Mitchell, Jon, "Agent Orange at base in '80s: U.S. vet", Japan Times, 15 June 2012, p. 1 The U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) states that Agent Orange was never present on Okinawa, and an investigation commissioned by the DoD found no evidence that Agent Orange was ever on OkinawaWEB,weblink Investigations into Allegations of Herbicide Orange on Okinawa, Japan, Young, Alvin L., Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (I & E), January 2013, 14 March 2013,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130303082312weblink">weblink 3 March 2013, dead, (See (Agent Orange#Okinawa, Japan|Agent Orange: Okinawa, Japan) for more details.) In 2019, high levels of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) were found in the waters near the installation as well as in Ginowan residents' blood but the USMC did not grant permission to Okinawa Prefectural authorities to inspect the base.NEWS,weblink On Japan's Okinawa, U.S. military is accused of contaminating environment with hazardous chemical, Denyer, Simon, 24 May 2019, The Washington Post, (File:Seen from the KAKAZU height park observatory, Nogiwan, Okinawa.JPG|thumb|upright=2|left|Marine Corps Air Station Futenma and the town of Ginowan, Okinawa.)Special interest groups, including supporters and protestors, often gather outside the gates of Futenma. Local Okinawan citizens clean vandalism and debris left by protest groups weekly.NEWS,weblink Okinawa, US strengthen friendships via cleanup efforts, mcipac.marines.mil, Case, Elizabeth, 4 April 2013, 24 January 2014, Mayor Atsushi Sakima of Ginowan City and Col. James G. Flynn, commanding officer of Marine Corps Air Station Futenma, signed a bilateral agreement 26 June 2013 at MCAS Futenma specifying procedures for the evacuation of Okinawa residents in the event a natural disaster and provisions for evacuation drills to maintain readiness.NEWS,weblink Ginowan, Futenma officials sign agreement specifying disaster preparedness procedures, mcipac.marines.mil, Case, Elizabeth, 27 June 2013, 18 July 2015, Immediately before, during or following a natural disaster, especially a tsunami, MCAS Futenma can use the procedures to open one or more of the station's gates to allow evacuees immediate and direct passage to higher ground or shelter. This agreement comes after thorough collaboration between Ginowan City and MCAS Futenma and signifies the importance that the city and air station place on mutual safety and cooperation, said officials.WEB, Case, Lance Cpl. Elizabeth, Ginowan, Futenma officials sign agreement specifying disaster preparedness procedures,weblink 2021-09-28, Defense Visual Information Distribution Service, en, The base, along with its impact on families living nearby and local cultural heritage, are the subject of the short story collection To Futenma by Okinawan author Tatsuhiro Oshiro.WEB,weblink Okinawan author Tatsuhiro Oshiro: Okinawa and disaster-struck Tohoku region sacrificed for Tokyo, Nakazawa, Yudai, Mainichi Shimbun, 16 March 2012, 1 November 2016,

Relocation

There have been various plans to relocate Marine Corps Air Station Futenma base—first off the island and then within the island—however, {{as of|2014|11|lc=y}} the future of any relocation is uncertain with the election of base-opponent Onaga as Okinawa governor.WEB,weblink Okinawa US base move in doubt after governor elections, BBC, 16 November 2014, 17 November 2014, Onaga won against the incumbent Nakaima who had earlier approved landfill work to move the base to Camp Schwab in Henoko. However, Onaga has promised to veto the landfill work needed for the new base to be built and insisted Futenma should be moved outside of Okinawa.WEB,weblinkweblink" title="archive.today/20141116233518weblink">weblink dead, 16 November 2014, U.S. base relocation opponent elected Okinawan governor, Japan Today, 17 November 2014, 17 November 2014, In August 2015, the Japanese government agreed to halt construction activities temporarily while talks with Okinawan officials continued.NEWS,weblink US military helicopter crashes off Okinawa in Japan, BBC, 12 August 2015, 14 August 2015, US sources insist nothing about their approach has changed.15 July 2015 – JAPAN, Daily Press Briefing

See also

• Marine Corps Base Camp Smedley D. Butler
• List of United States Marine Corps installations
• List of airports in Japan
• United States Forces Japan

Footnotes

References

{{Reflist}}{{Marine Corps}}{{Air Force Historical Research Agency}}

Bibliography

• Bulldozers and Bayonets, Office of Historiography, Department of Archives Administration, Okinawa Prefectural Culture Promotion Foundation (ed.), (1998), Naha
• WEB,weblink Report by the American Congress research service about Futenma, January 2016,

External links

{{Commons category}}

• What Okinawa Wants You to Understand about the U.S. Military Bases(PDF) from Okinawa Prefectural Office Washington DC
• MCAS Futenma's website
• Futenma Marine Corps Air Station at GlobalSecurity.org
• (:ja:普天間基地移設問題|The Futenma relocation issue) Detailed list of events on the Japanese Wikipedia.
• {{NWS-current|ROTM}}

{{US Marine Corps navbox}}{{Japanese airports}}{{Authority control}}