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{{Short description|None}}{{Politics of Romania}}This article lists political parties in Romania. Romania has a democratic multi-party system with numerous political parties, in which a political party does not often have the chance of gaining parliamentary majority alone, and, thus, parties must work with each other to form coalition governments. The current system was established following the Romanian Revolution of 1989 and the adoption of a new constitution in 1991; prior to these events, Romania was a single-party state under the rulership of the Romanian Communist Party (PCR).Since the early 1990s, Romanian politics saw a gradual decrease in the number of political parties entering the Parliament and a relative consolidation of existing ones along ideological lines. Major political parties can be roughly grouped into three main “families”, more specifically liberal, social democratic, or conservative.WEB,www.sar.org.ro/polsci/?p=605, The Ideological Institutionalization of the Romanian Party System, 17 December 2014, Extremist groups have a relatively low political profile in Romania, despite a surge in popularity of far-right and Eurosceptic political parties across many European Union (EU) countries during the 2010s.WEB,library.fes.de/pdf-files/id-moe/09408.pdf, The Extreme Right in Contemporary Romania, 17 December 2014, Party switching () remains a very concerning and significant issue, however, as does widespread corruption, leading to an overall low level of public trust in political parties.{{cn|date=May 2024}} In December 2014 the level of trust stood at 12%.WEB,www.ziare.com/social/romani/creste-increderea-in-presedintie-si-armata-scade-in-biserica-si-presa-sondaj-inscop-1338049, CreÈ™te încrederea în PreÈ™edinÈ›ie È™i Armata, scade în Biserica È™i presa - sondaj INSCOP, 17 December 2014, To counter this perception, the two largest parties as of 2015 (namely the Social Democrats and the National Liberals) have allegedly initiated a series of internal reforms to strengthen their integrity criteria and impose disciplinary sanctions on party members investigated or convicted on corruption charges.WEB,www.b365.ro/psd-si-pnl-se-intrec-in-demonstratii-de-reforma-interna-sa-i-excluda-pe-membrii-corup-i_223768.html, PSD È™i PNL se întrec în demonstraÈ›ii de reformă internă, să-i excludă pe membrii corupÈ›i, 22 May 2015, WEB,www.realitatea.net/modificare-statut-psd-membrii-condamna-i-in-prima-instan-a-pentru-corup-ie-suspenda-i-din-partid_1655306.html, Modificare statut PSD: Membrii condamnaÈ›i în primă instanță pentru corupÈ›ie, suspendaÈ›i din partid, 17 March 2015, 22 May 2015, WEB,www.mediafax.ro/politic/pnl-a-definitivat-modificarile-la-statut-in-privinta-criteriilor-de-integritate-14315873, PNL a definitivat modificările la Statut, în privinÈ›a criteriilor de integritate, 22 May 2015,

Legal framework

Article 40 of the Constitution of Romania states that citizens can freely associate into political parties, with the exception of judges, military, and police personnel as well as other civil servants which are apolitical by law.WEB,www.cdep.ro/pls/dic/site.page?den=act2_2&par1=2#t2c2s0sba40, ARTICLE 40, 13 May 2015, The same article bans political parties which campaign against political pluralism, the rule of law, and Romania’s sovereignty and territorial integrity. Romania’s party system is regulated by Law no. 14/2003 on political parties; the law initially mandated a list of 25,000 supporters, residing in at least 18 counties and the Municipality of Bucharest, for a political party to be formally registered.Nevertheless, in February 2015, the unregistered Pirate Party of Romania () filed a complaint to the Constitutional Court, arguing that the list requirement is a violation of the constitutional provisions on freedom of association. The Court subsequently struck down the requirement as unconstitutional, and on 6 May 2015, the Romanian Parliament approved a modified version of the law, which allows the formation of a political party with 3 signatures.WEB,www.gandul.info/stiri/partidul-pirat-din-romania-schimba-legea-partidelor-politice-la-ccr-nu-mai-e-nevoie-de-minimum-25-000-de-membri-fondatori-13899122, Partidul Pirat din România schimbă legea partidelor politice la CCR: nu mai e nevoie de minimum 25.000 de membri fondatori, 14 May 2015, WEB,www.hotnews.ro/stiri-politic-20078427-camera-deputatilor-adoptat-trei-legi-electorale-legea-finantarii-partidelor-reexaminata-legea-partidelor-politice-legea-alegerilor-locale.htm, Camera DeputaÈ›ilor a adoptat trei legi electorale: legea finanÈ›arii partidelor reexaminata, legea partidelor politice È™i legea alegerilor locale, 14 May 2015,

Parties represented in Parliament

The current political parties with parliamentary representation, in the order of the total number of representatives they had obtained in the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate respectively following the 2020 legislative elections, are the following ones:{| class=“wikitable sortable“! colspan=“2” |Logo! Name! Abbr.! Founded! Leader! Ideology! Position! Deputies! Senators! MEPs! European affiliation! style="background-color: {{party color|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}” |

100x100px)

Social Democratic Party (Romania)>Social Democratic Party ()| PSD

National Salvation Front (Romania)>National Salvation Front (FSN)2001As Social Democratic Party (PSD)| Marcel Ciolacu| Social democracy, Social conservatism

Centre-left politics>Centre-leftHTTPS://WWW.POLITICO.EU/ARTICLE/PRAGMATISM-IS-A-WINNER-FOR-ROMANIAN-LEFT-SOCIAL-DEMOCRATS-PSD-CORRUPTION-SCANDAL-LIVIU-DRAGNEA-VICTOR-PONTA-ELECTIONS/>TITLE=PRAGMATISM IS A WINNER FOR ROMANIAN LEFT

FIRST=CARMEN

DATE=13 DECEMBER 2016, 16 February 2019,

102

hex={{party color|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}}}

48

hex={{party color|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}}}

8

hex={{party color|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}}}

Party of European Socialists>PES

! style="background-color: {{party color|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}” |

100x100px)	National Liberal Party (Romania)>National Liberal Party ()| PNL	National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)>National Liberal Party (PNL)1990Re-founded in the wake of the 1989 Romanian Revolution| Nicolae Ciucă	Conservative liberalism, Liberal conservatism,HTTP://WWW.DEMSOC.ORG/2014/05/19/NATIONAL-LIBERAL-PARTY-PNL/>TITLE=NATIONAL LIBERAL PARTY (PNL), 4 August 2016, Social conservatism}}	Centre-right}}	78	hex={{party color|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}}}	37	hex={{party color|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}}}	10	hex={{party color|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}}}	European People’s Party>EPP

! style="background-color: {{party color|Save Romania Union (2022)}}” |

100x100px)

Save Romania Union ()| USR| 2016| Cătălin Drulă

Anti-clericalism,HTTPS://STIRILEPROTV.RO/STIRI/ACTUALITATE/ANDREI-CARAMITRU-AMENDAT-CU-5-000-DE-LEI-DUPA-CE-A-COMPARAT-BOR-CU-ISIS-ZO-SECTA-DEMONICA.HTML

Secularism,PRIMARUL USR AL BRAșOVULUI DECLARă RăZBOI BISERICII ORTODOXE ROMâNE: REFUZĂ CA LA POIANA BRAșOV Să FIE RIDICATă O MăNăSTIRE

ACCESS-DATE=17 JANUARY 2022, Progressivism,HTTPS://WWW.REUTERS.COM/ARTICLE/US-ROMANIA-ELECTION-KINGMAKER-IDUSKBN13V1EN>WORK=REUTERS

AUTHOR=LUIZA ILIE, New progressive party gives Romanian centrists a chance in election, Pro-Europeanism

Centrism>Centre to centre-right

41

hex={{party color|Save Romania Union (2022)}}}}

20

hex={{party color|Save Romania Union (2022)}}}}

2

hex={{party color|Save Romania Union (2022)}}}}

Renew Europe>Renew

! style="background-color: {{party color|Alliance for the Union of Romanians}}” |

100x100px)

Alliance for the Union of Romanians ()| AUR| 2019| George Simion

Romanian nationalism, Christian right, Conservatism, Unification of Moldova and Romania>Romanian-Moldovan unionism, Right-wing populism

Right-wing politics>Right-wing to far-right

29

hex={{party color|Alliance for the Union of Romanians}}}}

15

hex={{party color|Alliance for the Union of Romanians}}}}

0

hex={{party color|Alliance for the Union of Romanians}}}}

European Conservatives and Reformists Party>ECRRO>URL=HTTPS://WWW.ZF.RO/EVENIMENT/AUR-PARTIDUL-VENIT-NICAIERI-AR-PUTEA-INTRA-PARLAMENT-SPUNEA-GEORGE-19770960/

WORK=ZIARUL FINANCIAR

DATE=6 DECEMBER 2020, 6 December 2020,

! style="background-color: {{party color|Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania}}” |

100x100px)

Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (), ()| UDMRRMDSZ| 1989

Hunor Kelemen}}

Hungarians in Romania>Hungarian Ethnic party

, Social conservatism, Regionalism (politics)>Regionalism, Pro-Europeanism

Centre-right politics>Centre-right

20

hex={{party color|Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania}}}}

9

hex={{party color|Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania}}}}

2

hex={{party color|Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania}}}}

European People’s Party>EPP

! style="background-color: {{party color|Force of the Right}}” ||

Force of the Right ()| FD| 2021| Ludovic Orban| Christian democracy, Liberal conservatism, Right-wing populism, Pro-Europeanism	Centre-right politics	to Right-wing politics>right-wing	16	hex={{party color|Force of the Right}}}}	3	hex={{party color|Force of the Right}}}}	0	hex={{party color|Force of the Right}}}}| None

! style="background-color: #c40075” |

100x100px)	Renewing Romania’s European Project ()	REPER}}| 2022| DragoÈ™ PîslaruRamona Strugariu| LiberalismPro-Europeanism	Centrism>Centre	10	hex=#c40075}}	2	hex=#c40075}}	5	hex=#c40075}}	Renew Europe>Renew

! style="background-color: #0066B6” ||

Social Liberal Humanist Party ()	PUSL}}| 2015| Daniel Ionașcu| Humanism, Social liberalism, Protectionism	Centrism>Centre to centre-left	4	hex=#0066B6}}	1	hex=#0066B6}}	1	hex=#0066B6}}| None

! style="background-color: gold ||

Romanian Nationhood Party ()	NRPNR}}| 2018| Ninel Peia	Ultranationalism, National conservatism, Opposition to immigration>Anti-immigration, Right-wing populism, Euroscepticism	Right-wing politics>Right-wing to far-right	3	hex=gold}}	1	hex=gold}}	0	hex=gold}}| None

In addition, ethnic minority organizations are granted each seat in the Chamber of Deputies if: (1) are the sole official representative organization of the minority; (2) they participate in the legislative election and do not pass the 5% threshold but obtain at least 10% of the number of votes calculated to correspond to electing one deputy. These seats are added to the number of seats put up for election. As of 2021, there are eighteen such seats. The Hungarian minority organization, the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ) has always passed the 5% threshold for both houses of the Romanian Parliament, and has been treated as a regular political party (and acting like one as well).

Parties only represented in the Senate {| class“wikitable sortable”

! colspan=“2” |Logo! Name! Abbr.! Founded! Leader! Ideology! Position! Senators! style="background-color: {{party color|S.O.S. Romania}}” ||

S.O.S. Romania ()| SOS RO| 2021| Diana Iovanovici Șoșoacă	Romanian nationalismRomanian irredentismRight-wing populismSocial conservatismHard Euroscepticism}}	Far-right politics>Far-right	1	hex={{party color|S.O.S. Romania}}}}

Parties only represented in the European Parliament

Aside from the political parties represented in the Romanian Parliament, the following political parties only have representation in the European Parliament:{| class=“wikitable sortable“! colspan=2 | Logo! Name! Abbr.! Founded! Leader! Ideology! Position! MEPs! European affiliation! width=5px style="background-color: {{party color|People’s Movement (Romania)}} ||

People’s Movement Party()| PMP| 2014| Eugen Tomac	Christian democracyUnification of Moldova and Romania	HTTPS://WWW.OSW.WAW.PL/EN/PUBLIKACJE/ANALYSES/2017-01-11/PROSPECTS-CENTRE-LEFT-GOVERNMENT-ROMANIA	WORK=CENTRE FOR EASTERN STUDIES	DATE=1 NOVEMBER 2017, 17 February 2022, Social conservatism National conservatism}}	Centre-right politics	to Right-wing politics>right-wing}}	2	hex={{party color|People’s Movement (Romania)}}}}| European People’s Party

! style =“background-color:{{party color|Green Party (Romania)}}“|

100x100px)	Green Party (Romania)>Green Party()| PV| 2022| Lavinia CosmaMarius Lazăr| Green politics	Centrism>Centre to left-wing	1	hex={{party color|Green Party (Romania)}}}}	European Green Party>European Greens

! style =“background-color:{{party color|PRO Romania}}” |

100x100px)	PRO Romania()| PRO| 2018| Victor Ponta| Social liberalism	Centrism>Centre to centre-left	1	hex={{party color|PRO Romania}}}}| European Democratic Party

! width=5px style="background-color: {{party color|Christian Democratic National Peasants’ Party}} ||

Christian Democratic National Peasants’ Party()| PNÈšCD| 1989| Aurelian Pavelescu| Christian democracyAgrarianismNational conservatismMonarchismEuroscepticism	Centre-right politics>Centre-right to right-wing	1	hex={{party color|Christian Democratic National Peasants’ Party}}}}| European Christian Political Movement

Minor parties

Ethnic minority organizations

{{See also|Romanian ethnic minority parties}}{| class=wikitable|Association of Italians of Romania|AsociaÈ›ia Italienilor din România - RO.AS.IT., Associazione degli Italiani di Romania - RO.AS.IT.|Association of Macedonians of Romania|AsociaÈ›ia Macedonenilor din România, Друштвото на Македонците од Романија|Bulgarian Union of the Banat - Romania|Uniunea Bulgară din Banat - România, Български съюз на Банат - Румъния|Community of the Lipovan Russians in Romania|Comunitatea RuÈ™ilor Lipoveni din România, Община русских-липован Румынии|Cultural Union of Ruthenians of Romania|Uniunea Culturală a Rutenilor din România, Културне Товариство Русинів Романії|Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania|Forumul Democrat al Germanilor din România, Demokratisches Forum der Deutschen in Rumänien|Democratic Union of Slovaks and Czechs in Romania|Uniunea Democratică a Slovacilor È™i Cehilor din România, Demokratický svaz Slováků a ÄŒechů v Rumunsku, Demokratický zväz Slovákov a ÄŒechov v Rumunsku|Democratic Union of Turkish-Muslim Tatars of Romania|Uniunea Democrată a Tătarilor Turco-Musulmani din România, Romanya Müslüman Tatar TürklerÄ­ Demokrat BÄ­rlÄ­gÄ­|Federation of Jewish Communities of Romania|FederaÈ›ia Comunităților EvreieÈ™ti din România|Hellenic Union of Romania|Uniunea Elenă din România, Ένωση Ελλήνων της Ρουμανίας|League of Albanians of Romania|Liga Albanezilor din România, Liga e shqiptarëve në Rumani|Party of the Roma|Partida Romilor, Partida le Romenge|Turkish Democratic Union of Romania|Uniunea Democrată Turcă din România, Romanya Türk Demokrat BirliÄŸi|Union of Armenians of Romania|Uniunea Armenilor din România, Ռումինիայի Õ°Õ¡ÕµÕ¥Ö€Õ« Õ´Õ«Õ¸Ö‚Õ©ÕµÕ¸Ö‚Õ¶|Union of Croatians of Romania|Uniunea CroaÈ›ilor din România, ZajedniÅ¡tvo Hrvata u Rumunjskoj|Union of Poles of Romania|Uniunea Polonezilor din România “Dom Polski”, ZwiÄ…zek Polaków w Rumunii “Dom Polski”|Union of Serbs of Romania|Uniunea Sârbilor din România, Савез Срба у Румунији|Union of Ukrainians of Romania|Uniunea Ucrainienilor din România, Союз українців Румунії

Parties with elected representation at local and county level

The following are political parties which ran by themselves at the 2020 local elections and won elected representation at local and county level (does not include seats won on alliance tickets):WEB, ro,locale2020.bec.ro/rezultate/, BEC, Biroul Electoral Central, Rezultate finale 27 Septembrie 2020, 21 December 2016, {| class=“wikitable sortable“! Party! Native name (Abbr.)! data-sort-type=“number” | Local councillors! data-sort-type=“number” | County councillors!European Affiliation| Ecologist Party of Romania| Partidul Ecologist Român (PER)| 210| 5| {{N/A}}

Green Party (Romania)>Green Party| Partidul Verde Verzii (PV)| 117| 0| European Green Party (EGP)

| Christian Democratic National Peasants’ Party| Partidul NaÈ›ional Țărănesc CreÈ™tin Democrat (PNÈšCD)| 42| 0| European Christian Political Movement (ECPM)

Noua Dreaptă>New Right| Noua Dreaptă (ND)| 2| 0| Alliance for Peace and Freedom (APF)

The following parties have won seats in the 2020 local elections only as part of electoral alliances:{| class=“wikitable sortable“! Party! Alliances! data-sort-type=“number” | Local councilors elected on alliance ticket| BucureÅŸti 2020 Party| Pro BucureÅŸti 2020 Alliance| 5

Defunct parties

Parties active 1859–1918

{{See also|Romanian Old Kingdom}}{| class=wikitable

Conservative Party (Romania, 1880–1918)>Conservative Party|Partidul Conservator|Active 1880–1918

|Conservative-Democratic Party|Partidul Conservator-Democrat

Conservative Party (Romania, 1880–1918)>Conservative Party, led by Take Ionescu; merged into the Conservative Nationalist Party; active 1908–1922

Conservative Nationalist Party (Romania)>Conservative Nationalist Party|Partidul Conservator Naționalist	Conservative Party (Romania, 1880–1918)>Conservative Party, active 1916–{{circa}}1935

Junimea>Constitutional Party|Partidul Constituțional|Active 1891–1907

Democratic Nationalist Party (Romania)>Democratic Nationalist Party|Partidul Naționalist-Democrat (PND)|Right-wing nationalist party; active 1910–1938

|Free and Independent Faction|Fracțiunea liberă și independentă

National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)>National Liberal PartyOrnea

National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)>National Liberal Party|Partidul Național-Liberal|Active 1875–1947

National Party (Romania)>National Party|Partida Națională|Active 1856–1859

Peasants’ Party (Romania)>Peasants’ Party|Partida Țărănească|Active 1895Niculae, et al., p. 39

Radical Party (Romania)>Radical Party / Radical Democratic Party|Partidul Radical / Partidul Democrat Radical	National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)>National Liberal Party, led by George Panu; active c. 1884–1895; merged into the Conservative Party

Social Democratic Party of Romania (1910–1918)>Social Democratic Party of Romania|Partidul Social Democrat din România (PSDR)| Active 1910–1916, groups active illegally 1916–1918; Transformed into the Socialist Party of Romania

|Social Democratic Workers’ Party of Romania|Partidul Social-Democrat al Muncitorilor din România (PSDMR)

National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)>National Liberal Party, with others members eventually joining the Social Democratic Party of Romania

Parties active 1918−1947

{{See also|Kingdom of Romania#The Interbellum (inter-war) years}}The following parties were all active in Romania in the interwar period and, in some cases, through and after World War II.Dates of founding and dissolution are given, where known. Failing that, the earliest and latest dates known for activities are given.This period saw the proliferation of numerous extremist parties inspired by fascism, socialism and Communism. The latter were effectively banned in 1924 by the so-called Mârzescu law.WEB,freehaifax.wordpress.com/tag/marzescu-law/, Mârzescu Law, 8 June 2016, A succession of coups drastically altered the political landscape as Romania went through a single-party dictatorship under the National Renaissance Front (1938–1940), then a military dictatorship without political parties (1940–1944), then briefly returning to multiparty democracy before finally becoming a people’s republic (1944–1947).{| class=wikitable

Agrarian League (Romania)>Agrarian League|Liga Agrară	People’s Party (interwar Romania)>People’s Party; active 1929–1938

Agrarian Party (Romania)>Agrarian Party|Partidul Agrar|Led by Constantin Argetoianu; active 1932–1938Veiga, p.215

|Bessarabian Peasants’ Party|Partidul Țărănesc din Basarabia (PÈš)

Moldavian Democratic Republic; most of it merged into the Peasants’ Party (Romania)>Peasants’ Party in 1921, a wing led by Ion InculeÈ› kept the name and later joined the National Liberal Party; active 1918–1923Niculae et al., p.12

|Bolshevik Leninist Group of Romania|Grupul Bolșevic Leninist din România

Trotskyism>Trotskyist grouping led by David Korner; active 1935.“How the Bolshevik-Leninist Group of Romania was Founded” (with introduction), at the Marxists Internet Archive; retrieved 19 July 2007

|Citizen Bloc|Blocul Cetățenesc|A nationalist party led by Grigore ForÈ›u; active 1934Gruber, Cap. V|Citizen Committees-Dem. I. Dobrescu|Comitetele CetățeneÈ™ti Dem. I. Dobrescu|A dissident wing of the National Peasants’ Party; active 1935–1938Niculae et al., p.15

Romanian Communist Party>Communist Party of Romania|Partidul Comunist din România (PCdR)	Socialist-Communist Party (Partidul Socialist-Comunist), a group that emerged from the Socialist Party of Romania; after 1944 Romanian Communist Party (Partidul Comunist Român (PCR)); active 1921–1948. Absorbed the Romanian Social Democratic Party (1927–1948)>Social Democratic Party and renamed itself the Romanian Workers’ Party

|Conservative-Democratic Party|Partidul Conservator-Democrat

Conservative Party (Romania, 1880–1918)>Conservative Party, led by Take Ionescu; merged into the Conservative Nationalist Party; active 1908–1922

|Conservative Nationalist Party|Partidul Conservator Naționalist

Conservative Party (Romania, 1880–1918)>Conservative Party, active 1916 – c.1935

|Crusade of Romanianism|Cruciada Românismului|Fascist party; active 1935–1936.Veiga, p.228-230

Democratic Bloc (Romania)>Democratic Bloc / Democratic Union|Blocul democratic / Uniunea democratică	Antifascism>Anti-fascist political organizations under the influence of the Romanian Communist Party, active 1935–1936, 1937–1939

Democratic Nationalist Party (Romania)>Democratic Nationalist Party|Partidul Naționalist-Democrat (PND)|Right-wing nationalist party, active 1910–1938

|Democratic Peasants’ Party–Stere|Partidul Țărănesc-Democrat Constantin Stere (PÈšD)|A dissident wing of the National Peasants’ Party, merged with the Radical Peasants’ Party; active 1930–1933Niculae et al., p.14|Democratic Peasants’ Party–Lupu|Partidul Țărănesc-Democrat Nicolae L. Lupu (PÈšD)|A dissident wing of the National Peasants’ Party; active 1946–1948Frunză, p.299; Niculae et al., p.16, 45; Videnie, p.46|Fire Swastika|Svastica de Foc|Fascist party, an offshoot of the National-Christian Defense League; active 1935–1938

German Party (Romania)>German Party|Partidul German din România (PGR) / Deutsche Partei in Rumänien	Nazism after 1936; active 1919–1944“Germanii”, on Divers.ro {{webarchive>url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070128012358www.divers.ro/files/germanii.html |date=2007-01-28 }}

German People’s Party (Romania)>German People’s Party|Partidul Poporului German din România (PPGR) / Deutsche Volkspartei in Rumänien (DVPR)	German Party (Romania)>German Party, active 1935–1938

|Hungarian People’s Union|Uniunea Populară Maghiară (UPM) / Magyar Népi Szövetség (MNSZ)

Magyar Party (Romania)>Magyar Party, created as Union of Hungarian Workers of Romania’ (Magyar Dolgozók Országos Szövetsége (MADOSZ)), in close alliance with the Communist Party of Romania; active 1934–1953

Romanian Social Democratic Party (1927–1948)>Independent Social Democratic Party|Partidul Social Democrat Independent (PSDI)	Romanian Social Democratic Party (1927–1948)>Social Democratic Party, led by Constantin Titel Petrescu; active 1946–1947Frunză, p.282

|Iron Guard|Garda de Fier|The usual name of the group founded as the Legion of the Archangel Michael (Legiunea Arhanghelul Mihail or Legiunea Arhanghelului Mihail), running in election first as the “Corneliu Codreanu” Grouping (Gruparea “Corneliu Codreanu”) and then as the Everything For the Country Party (Partidul Totul pentru Èšară (TPÈš)) - fascist party active between 1927 and c. 1944–1945 (with minor groups claiming heritage to this day)|Jewish Democratic Committee |Comitetul Democratic Evreiesc

Romanian Communist Party>Communist Party of Romania; active 1946–1948

Jewish Party (Romania)>Jewish Party|Partidul Evreiesc	“Evreii”, on Divers.ro {{webarchive>url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060804002947www.divers.ro/files/evreii.html |date=2006-08-04 }}

|Laborer Party|Partidul Muncitor

Peasants’ Party (Romania)>Peasants’ PartyNiculae et al., p.9

|League Against Usury|Liga Contra Cametei|Active 1929 – c.1931Mihailov

Liberal Democratic Party (Romania) (defunct)>Liberal Democratic Party|Partidul Liberal-Democrat (PLD)	“Free Man” Grouping (Gruparea “Omul Liber”) - a dissident wing of the National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)>National Liberal Party, led by Jean Th. Florescu; active 1931–1935.Tineretul Liberal Gorj {{webarchive	www.tnlgorj.ro/ist_pnl2.php >date=2007-09-26 }}; Marian Ștefănescu, Jean Th. Florescu È™i misiunea sa la Madrid {{webarchive	www.unibuc.ro/eBooks/istorie/ideologie/18.htm >date=2007-01-02 }}

Magyar Party (Romania)>Magyar Party|Partidul Maghiar	“Maghiarii”, on Divers.ro {{webarchive>url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060108213119www.divers.ro/files/maghiarii.html |date=2006-01-08 }}

|National-Agrarian Action|AcÈ›iunea NaÈ›ional-Agrară (ANA)|An offshoot of the National Peasants’ Party, merged into the National Union for Work and Reconstruction; active 1946–1947Otu

National Agrarian Party (Romania)>National Agrarian Party|Partidul NaÈ›ional Agrar (PNA)	People’s Party (interwar Romania)>People’s Party, merged into the National Christian Party; active c.1931–1935Veiga, p.215, 224

|National Awareness Guard|Garda Conștiinței Naționale (GCN)|A fascist party formed around Constantin Pancu; active 1919–1922Veiga, p.45-49|National-Christian Defense League|Liga Apărării Național-Creștine (LANC)|A far right proto-fascist party, merged into National Christian Party; active 1920–1935|National Christian Party|Partidul Național-Creștin (PNC)|Fascist party, active 1935–1938|National-Corporatist League|Liga Național-Corporatistă|A fascist party, led by Mihail Manoilescu; active 1932–1938Veiga, p.214|National Fascist Movement|Mișcarea Națională Fascistă (MNF)|Active cca. 1923|National Italo-Romanian Cultural and Economic Movement|Mișcarea Națională Culturală și Economică Italo-Română|Fascist party, merged into the National Fascist Movement; active 1921–1923Veiga, p.163

National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)>National Liberal Party|Partidul Național-Liberal (PNL)|Active 1875–1947; the present-day PNL claims to be the successor of this party.

|National Liberal Party-Brătianu|Partidul Național Liberal-Brătianu (PNL)

National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)>National Liberal Party; active 1931–1935

|National Liberal Party-Tătărescu/National Liberal Party-Bejan|Partidul Național-Liberal-Tătărescu (PNL) / Partidul Național-Liberal-Bejan (PNL)

National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)>National Liberal Party; active 1944–1948

|National Peasants’ Party|Partidul NaÈ›ional Țărănesc (PNÈš)

Romanian National Party and the Peasants’ Party (Romania)>Peasants’ Party; active 1926–1947

|National Peasants’ Party–Alexandrescu|Partidul NaÈ›ional Țărănesc-Anton Alexandrescu (PNÈš)|An offshoot of the National Peasants’ Party, in close alliance with the Romanian Communist Party, merged into the Ploughmen’s Front; active 1945–1948Frunză, p.118-119, 299; Niculae et al., p.16; Videnie, p.46|National Renaissance Front|Frontul RenaÈ™terii NaÈ›ionale (FRN)

Party of the Nation (Partidul Națiunii) in 1940, created as the fascist-inspired single official Corporatism>corporatist party by King of Romania	Carol II of Romania>Carol II; active 1938–1940

|National Romanian Fascia|Fascia Națională Română|Merged into the National Fascist Movement; active c.1920–1923Veiga, p.179

National Socialist Party (Romania)>National Socialist Party|Partidul Național-Socialist|Fascist party; active 1933Veiga, p.133, 163, 254, 255

|National Socialist German Workers’ Party of the German ethnic group in Romania|Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei der deutschen Volksgruppe in Rumänien (NSDAP-DVGiR) / Partidul NaÈ›ional-Socialist Muncitoresc German al Grupului Etnic German din România|Local branch of the Nazi Party, membership limited to the German minority; active 1940–1944|National Union for Work and Reconstruction|Uniunea NaÈ›ională Muncă È™i Refacere (UNMR)

Constantin Argetoianu, partly merged into the Union of Patriots (Romania)>Union of Patriots and the Ploughmen’s Front; active 1947

|Peasant Workers’ Bloc|Blocul Muncitoresc-Țărănesc (BMÈš)

umbrella group for the banned Romanian Communist Party>Communist Party of Romania; active 1925–1933

Peasants’ Party (Romania)>Peasants’ Party|Partidul Țărănesc (PÈš)|Founded 1918, merged with the Romanian National Party into the National Peasants’ Party in 1927

|Peasants’ Party–Lupu|Partidul Țărănesc Nicolae L. Lupu (PÈšD)|A dissident wing of the National Peasants’ Party; active 1927–1934Niculae et al., p.14, 15

People’s Party (interwar Romania)>People’s Party|Partidul Poporului (PP)|Founded under the name People’s League (Liga Poporului); active 1918–1929

|Ploughmen’s Front|Frontul Plugarilor|Closely associated with the Romanian Communist Party; active 1933–1953

Progressive Conservative Party (Romania)>Progressive Conservative Party|Partidul Conservator-Progresist	Conservative Party (Romania, 1880–1918)>Conservative Party, led by Alexandru Marghiloman; active in 1918

|Radical Peasants’ Party|Partidul Țărănesc-Radical (PÈšR)|A dissident wing of the National Peasants’ Party; active 1933–1938Niculae et al., p.14-15|Romanian Front|Frontul Român (FR)|Far right offshoot of National Peasants’ Party; active 1935 – c.1944Niculae et al., p.15; Veiga, p.215|Romanian National Party|Partidul NaÈ›ional Român (PNR)

Austria-Hungary in 1881, merged with the Peasants’ Party (Romania)>Peasants’ Party to form the National Peasants’ Party in 1927

Romanian Social Democratic Party (1927–1948)>Social Democratic Party|Partidul Social Democrat (PSD or PSDR)|Created from the merger of the parties forming the Federation of Romanian Socialist Parties, merged into the Romanian Communist Party; active 1927–1948

|Social Democratic Party of Bukovina|Partidul Social Democrat din Bucovina

Austria-Hungary, briefly joined into the Socialist Party of Romania, before separating again and becoming an autonomous section of the Federation of Romanian Socialist Parties, which evolved into the Romanian Social Democratic Party (1927–1948)>Social Democratic Party; active 1896–1920, 1921–1927

Romanian Socialist Party (Popovici)>Socialist Party (Popovici)|Partidul Socialist (PS)	Romanian Social Democratic Party (1927–1948)>Social Democratic Party, led by Constantin Popovici (politician)	, merged with the Socialist Workers Party of Romania>Independent Socialist Party to create the Unitary Socialist Party (Romania)	, only to break from the latter and ultimately join the Union of Patriots (Romania)>Union of Patriots; active 1933, 1935–1944

Social Democratic Party of Transylvania and Banat>Social Democratic Party of Transylvania and Banat / Socialist Party of Transylvania and Banat|Partidul Social Democrat din Transilvania și Banat / Partidul Socialist din Transilvania și Banat	Austria-Hungary, it emerged from the Social Democratic Party (Hungary)>Hungarian Social Democratic Party, and briefly joined into the Socialist Party of Romania, before separating again and becoming an autonomous section of the Federation of Romanian Socialist Parties, which evolved into the Social Democratic Party; active 1906–1920, 1921–1927

Socialist Democratic Party (Romania)>Socialist Democratic Party|Partidul Socialist Democrat (PSD)	Ioan Flueraș and George Grigorovici, expelled from the Romanian Social Democratic Party (1927–1948)>Social Democratic Party for collaboration with totalitarian regimes; active 1945–1946110 ani de social-democrație, p. 6, 24

|Socialist Party of Romania|Partidul Socialist din România (PS)

Social Democratic Party of Romania (1910-1918)>Social Democratic Party, it absorbed the Social Democratic Party of Transylvania and Banat and the Romanian Social Democratic Party of Bukovina; active 1918–1921

|Socialist Peasants’ Party|Partidul Socialist-Țărăneasc (PSÈš)|A dissident wing of the National Peasants’ Party, merged into the Ploughmen’s Front; active 1943–1944Frunză, p.116, 125, 187

Socialist Workers Party of Romania>Socialist Workers Party / Independent Socialist Party|Partidul Socialist al Muncitorilor (PSM) / Partidul Socialist Independent (PSI)	Romanian Social Democratic Party (1927–1948)>Social Democratic Party, led by Leon Ghelerter, merged with the Romanian Socialist Party (Popovici)	to create the Unitary Socialist Party (Romania)>Unitary Socialist Party; active 1928–1933

National Popular Party (Romania)>Union of Patriots/National Popular Party|Uniunea Patrioților / Partidul Național-Popular (PNP)	Romanian Communist Party>Communist Party of Romania; active 1942–1948

|Ukrainian Workers’ Party of Romania|Партія українських працюючих Румунії “Визволення”/Vîzvolenia

Social Democratic Party of Bukovina, it closely collaborated with the Peasant Workers’ Bloc>Worker-Peasant Bloc; active primarily in northern Bukovina, in 1929–1934.

Unitary Socialist Party (Romania)>Unitary Socialist Party|Partidul Socialist Unitar (PSU)	Socialist Workers Party of Romania>Independent Socialist Party and the Romanian Socialist Party (Popovici)	, merged into the Romanian Social Democratic Party (1927–1948)>Social Democratic Party; active 1933–1938, 1944110 ani de social-democrație, p.5, 21; Frunză, p.203-204, 214

|Vlad ÈšepeÈ™ League|Liga “Vlad ÈšepeÈ™”

People’s Party (interwar Romania)>People’s Party, led by Grigore Filipescu; active 1929–1938

Communist-era parties (1947–1989)

Although distinct parties in the communist era were not politically relevant, the following were the officially recognized political forces:{| class=wikitable|Romanian Communist Party

(PCR)|Known as Romanian Workers’ Party (Partidul Muncitoresc Român (PMR)) between 1948 and 1965; disestablished in 1989

|Front of Socialist Unity and Democracy|Frontul DemocraÈ›iei È™i Unității Socialiste (FDUS)|An organization created as an outlet of the PCR; active 1968–1989|General Union of Romanian Trade Unions|Uniunea Generală a Sindicatelor din România (UGSR)|Active 1948–1989|Hungarian People’s Union|Uniunea Populară Maghiară (UPM) / Magyar Népi Szövetség (MNSZ)

Hungarian People’s Union>Union of Hungarian Workers of Romania (Magyar Dolgozók Országos Szövetsége (MADOSZ)), in close alliance with the Romanian Communist Party; active 1934–1953

|Jewish Democratic Committee|Comitetul Democratic Evreiesc|In close alliance with the Romanian Communist Party; active 1946–1953Ștefan|Ploughmen’s Front|Frontul Plugarilor|Closely associated with the Romanian Communist Party; active 1933–1953Other parties were allowed to exist, with unclear status, until mid 1948.Frunză, p.357

Post−1989 parties

{| class=wikitable| Alliance for Romania| Alianța pentru România (ApR)

Social Democratic Party (Romania)>Party of Social Democracy in Romania (PDSR); absorbed into National Liberal Party; active June, 1997–August, 2001

| Civic Alliance Party| Partidul Alianța Civică (PAC)

National Liberal Party (Romania)>National Liberal Party; active 1991–1998

| Civic Force| Forța Civică (FC)

Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)>Democratic Liberal Party; active 2004–2014

Conservative Party (Romania)>Conservative Party| Partidul Conservator (PC)	Romanian Humanist Party; merged into the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats (Romania)>Alliance of Liberals and Democrats; active 1991–2015

| Democratic Agrarian Party of Romania| Partidul Democrat Agrar din România (PDAR)| Merged into the Romanian National Party; active 1990–1998

Democratic Force (Romania)>Democratic Force| Forţa Democrată (FD)	Democratic Party (Romania)>Democratic Party; active 2004–2013

Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)>Democratic Liberal Party| Partidul Democrat Liberal (PDL)	National Liberal Party (Romania)>National Liberal Party; active 2007–2014

| Democratic National Salvation Front| Frontul Democrat al Salvării Naționale (FDSN)

National Salvation Front (Romania)>National Salvation Front, merged into the Party of Social Democracy in Romania; active 1992–1993

Democratic Party (Romania)>Democratic Party| Partidul Democrat (PD)	National Salvation Front (Romania)>National Salvation Front, merged into the Democratic Liberal Party; active 1990–2007

| Democratic Party of Labour| Partidul Democrat al Muncii (PDM)

Democratic Party (Romania)>Democratic Party; active 1990–1994

| Democratic Union of the Roma of Romania| Uniunea Democratică a Romilor din România (UDRR)| Active 1990–1992| Ecological Federation of Romania| Federația Ecologistă din România (FER)

Ecological Federation of Romania, absorbed into People’s Action (Romania)>People’s Action; active 1990–2004

| Ecological Movement of Romania| MiÈ™carea Ecologistă din România (MER)| Absorbed into Ecological Federation of Romania; active 1990–1998| Ecologist Union of Romania Party | Partidul Uniunea Ecologistă din România (PUER)| Absorbed into Ecologist Party of Romania; active March–August 2012 | Everything For the Country Party| Partidul “Totul Pentru Èšară (PTT)| Dissolved; active 1993–2015| Freedom, Unity and Solidarity Party| Partidul Libertate, Unitate È™i Solidaritate (PLUS)| Merged into Save Romania Union; active 2018–2020

Liberal Democratic Party (Romania)>Liberal Democratic Party| Partidul Liberal Democrat (PLD)	Democratic Party (Romania)>Democratic Party, merged into the Democratic Liberal Party; active 2006–2007

Liberal Party (Romania)>Liberal Party| Partidul Liberal (PL)	National Liberal Party (Romania)>National Liberal Party; active 1997–1998

| Liberal Party 1993| Partidul Liberal 1993 (PL ‘93)| Merged into the Liberal Party; active 1993–1997

Liberal Reformist Party (Romania)>Liberal Reformist Party| Partidul Liberal Reformator (PLR)	National Liberal Party (Romania)>National Liberal Party, merged into the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats; active 2014–2015

Liberal Union–Brătianu>Liberal Union–Bratiănu| Liberal Union–Brătianu (UL-B)	National Liberal Party (Romania)>National Liberal Party; active 1990–2003

M10 (political party)>M10| M10| Merged into The Right Alternative; active 2015–2019

| National Alliance Party| Partidul Alianța Națională (PAN)

Democratic Party (Romania)>Democratic Party; active 2000–2001

| National Christian Democratic Alliance| AlianÈ›a Natională CreÈ™tin Democrată (ANCD)| Splinter of the Christian Democratic National Peasants’ Party, rejoined the main party; active 1999–2001| National Christian Democratic Party| Partidul NaÈ›ional Democrat CreÈ™tin (PNDC)| Active 1990–2014| National Democratic Party| Partidul NaÈ›ional Democrat (PND)| Merged into the Party of the Social-Democratic Unity; active 1990–1992| National Initiative Party| Partidul IniÈ›iativa NaÈ›ională (PIN)

Democratic Party (Romania)>Democratic Party, absorbed into the National Union for the Progress of Romania; active 2005–2011

| National Liberal Party-Câmpeanu| Partidul Național-Liberal-Câmpeanu (PNL-C)

National Liberal Party (Romania)>National Liberal Party, rejoined the main party; active 1995–2003

| National Liberal Party-Democratic Convention| Partidul Național Liberal - Convenţia Democrată (PNL-CD)

National Liberal Party (Romania)>National Liberal Party, merged into the Liberal Party; active 1991–1997

| National Liberal Party Youth Wing| Partidul Național-Liberal Aripa Tînără (PNL-AT)

National Liberal Party (Romania)>National Liberal Party, merged into the Liberal Party 1993; active 1990–1992

| National Reconstruction Party of Romania| Partidul Reconstrucției Naționale a României (PRNR)| Merged into Democratic Agrarian Party of Romania; active 1990–1992| National Salvation Front–Social Democratic| Frontul Salvării Naţionale–Social Democrat (FSN–SD)

National Salvation Front (Romania)>National Salvation Front, merged into the Party of the Social-Democratic Unity; active 1991–1992

| New Romania Party| Partidul Noua Românie (PNR)| Merged into the Romanian National Party; active 1994–1998| Party of Free Change| Partidul Liber-Schimbist (PL-S)| Active 1990–1996| Party of Young Free Democrats of Romania| Partidul Tineretului Liber Democrat din Romania (PTLD)

Republican Party (Romania, 1990)>Republican Party (1990); active 1990–1992

| Party of Social Democracy in Romania| Partidul Democrației Sociale din România (PSDR)

Social Democratic Party (Romania)>Social Democratic Party; active 1993–2001

| Party of Romanian Life | Partidul Vieții Românești (PVR) | Active 2000–2002| Party of the Social Democratic Unity| Partidul Unității Social Democrate (PUSD)

Democratic Party (Romania)>Democratic Party; active 1992–1995

People’s Action (Romania)>People’s Action| AcÈ›iunea Populară (AP)	Christian Democratic National Peasants’ Party, merged into the National Liberal Party (Romania)>National Liberal Party; active 2003–2008

People’s Party (Romania, 2005–2006)>People’s Party| Partidul Popular (PP)	National Liberal Party (Romania)>National Liberal Party; active 2003–2014

| People’s Party – Dan Diaconescu| Partidul Poporului – Dan Diaconescu (PP-DD)| Absorbed into the National Union for the Progress of Romania; active 2011–2015

Republican Party (Romania, 1990)>Republican Party (1990)| Partidul Republican (PR)	Social Democratic Party (Romania)>Party of Social Democracy in Romania (PDSR); active 1990–1993

Republican Party (Romania, 1993)>Republican Party (1993)| Partidul Republican (PR)	Republican Party (Romania, 1990)>Republican Party (1990); active 1993–2003

| Republican Party (2004)| Partidul Republican (PR)| Created as the Party of the Third Millennium, renamed in 2005; active 2004–2007| Romanian Democratic Front| Frontul Democrat Român (FDR)

Democratic Party (Romania)>Democratic Party; active 1990–1997

| Romanian Liberal Democratic Party| Partidul Liberal Democrat Român (PLDR)| Created by former members of the Liberal Party, merged into the Greater Romania Party; active 1999–2002| Romanian National Party| Partidul Național Român (PNR)| Merged into the National Alliance Party; active 1998–2000| Romanian National Unity Party| Partidul Unității Naționale a Românilor / Partidul Unității Națiunii Române (PUNR)| Merged into the National Alliance Party in 2000; re-emerged as a distinct party in 2001; merged into the Conservative Party in 2006; active 1990–2000, 2001–2006| Romanian Rebirth Party | Partidul Renașterea Românească (PRR)| Active 2004–2013

Romanian Social Democratic Party (1990–2001)>Romanian Social Democratic Party| Partidul Social Democrat Român (PSDR)	Social Democratic Party (Romania)>Social Democratic Party; active 1990–2001

| Romanian Social Party| Partidul Social Românesc (PSRO)| Created as Romanian Democratic Union, name changed in 2015; active 2013–2018| Romanian Socialist Democratic Party| Partidul Socialist Democratic Român (PSDR)

Social Democratic Party (Romania)>Party of Social Democracy in Romania (PDSR); active 1990–1993

Romanian Socialist Party (1992–2015)>Romanian Socialist Party (1992)| Partidul Socialist Român (PSR)| Active 1992–2013

| Social Protection People’s Party | Partidul Popular È™i al ProtecÈ›iei Sociale (PPPS)| Absorbed into National Union for the Progress of Romania; active 1994–2011| Save Bucharest Union| Uniunea SalvaÅ£i BucureÅŸtiul (USB)| Absorbed into the Save Romania Union; active 2015–2016| Socialist Alliance Party| Partidul AlianÈ›a Socialistă (PAS)

Socialist Party of Labour, merged into the Romanian Socialist Party (2003)>Socialist Alternative Party; active 2004–2013

| Socialist Party of Labour| Partidul Socialist al Muncii (PSM)

Social Democratic Party (Romania)>Social Democratic Party; active 1990–2003

| Union for Romanian Reconstruction| Uniunea pentru ReconstrucÈ›ia României (URR)| Absorbed into Christian Democratic National Peasants’ Party; active 2002–2005| Union of Right-Wing Forces| Uniunea ForÈ›elor de Dreapta (UFD)

Alternative for Romania Party (Partidul Alternativa României, PAR), changed its name to UFD in 2000, absorbed into National Liberal Party (Romania)>National Liberal Party in April 2003; active 1996–2003

Romanian Social Democratic Party (1990–2001)#Post-communism>Workers’ Social Democratic Party| Partidul Social Democrat al Muncitorilor (PSDM)	Romanian Social Democratic Party (1990–2001)>Romanian Social Democratic Party as the Social Democratic Party “Constantin Titel Petrescu”, renamed in 2011; active 2003–2013

Alliance of Liberals and Democrats (Romania)>Alliance of Liberals and Democrats| Alianța Liberalilor și Democraților (ALDE)| Absorbed into the National Liberal Party (PNL); active 2015–2022

| National Union for the Progress of Romania| Uniunea Nationala pentru Progresul Romaniei (UNPR) | Active 2010–2021| United Romania Party| Partidul România Unită (PRU)| Active 2015–2019| Party of the Revolution | Partidul RevoluÈ›iei (PR)| Active 2016| United Left Party| Partidul Stângii Unite (PSU)| Active 2005| Social Democratic Workers’ Party| Partidul Social Democrat al Muncitorilor (PSDM)| Active 2015

New Generation Party (Romania)>New Generation Party-Christian Democratic| Partidul Noua Generație-Creștin Democrat (PNG-CD)| Active 1999–2012

| Social Christian People’s Union| Uniunea Populară Social CreÈ™tină (UPSC)| Active 2006–2021| Communitarian Party of Romania| Partidul Comunitar din România| Active 2015–2022| Romanian Socialist Party (2003)| Partidul Socialist Românesc (PSR)| Active 2003–2021

Hungarian Civic Party (Romania)>Hungarian Civic Party| Partidul Civic Maghiar | Merged into the Hungarian Alliance of Transylvania; active 2008–2022

| Hungarian People’s Party of Transylvania| Partidul Popular Maghiar din Transilvania (PPMT)| Merged into the Hungarian Alliance of Transylvania; active 2011–2022

Greater Romania Party>Great Romania Party| Partidul România Mare (PRM)| Active 1991–2022

NOW Party (Romania)>Now Party| Partidul ACUM| Active 2019–2022

| Democracy and Solidarity Party| Partidul DemocraÈ›iei È™i Solidarității (DEMOS)| Active 2018–2022| National Rebirth Alliance| AlianÈ›a RenaÈ™tere NaÈ›ională| Active 2019–2022| Volt Romania| Volt România | Active 2021–2022| The Right Alternative| Alternativa Dreaptă (AD)| Active 2019–2022| National Peasant Alliance| AlianÈ›a NaÈ›ională Țărănistă (ȚărăniÈ™tii)| Active 2019–2022| Alternative National Dignity| Alternativa pentru Demnitate NaÈ›ională (ADN)| Active 2018–2022| Freemen’s Party| Partidul Oamenilor Liberi (POL)| Active 2020–2022| “Prahova in Action” Party| Partidul Prahova în AcÈ›iune| Active 2020–2022| Party of IalomiÈ›ans| Partidul IalomiÈ›enilor (PI)| Active 2021–2022| Party of the Romanian Nation| Partidul Neamul Românesc (NR)| Active 2021–2022| RE:Start Romania Party | Partidul RE:Start Romania| Active 2020–2022| Republican Party of Romania| Partidul Republican din România| Active 2020–2022| NaÈ›ional Peasants’ Party Maniu-Mihalache| Partidul NaÈ›ional Țărănesc Maniu-Mihalache (PNÈšMM)| Active 2020–2022| ADER Party for Democracy, Education and Reconstruction | Partidul Ader la DemocraÈ›ie, EducaÈ›ie È™i ReconstrucÈ›ie (ADER)| Active 2019–2022| Independent Union for SighiÈ™oara| Uniunea Independentă pentru SighiÈ™oara (UIPS)| Active 2020–2022| Phralipe Party of the Romania| Partidul Phralipe al Romilor (PPR)| Active 2020–2022| “Together for Moldova” Party| Partidul Impreuna pentru Moldova (IPM)| Active 2019–2022| Pătârlagele Initiative | IniÈ›iativa Pătârlagele (iPTG)| Active 2020–2022| Bloc for National Unity | Blocul Unității NaÈ›ionale (BUN)| Active 2020–2022| Liberal Right | Dreapta Liberală (DL)| Active 2019–2022| Christian Democratic Union of Romania| Uniunea CreÈ™tin-Democrată din România (UCDR)| Active 2021–2022| European Romania Party | Partidul România Europeană (PRE)| Active 2020–2022| PACT for GalaÈ›i | PACT pentru GalaÈ›i| Active 2021–2022| Banat Party| Partidul Banatului (PB)| Active 2018–2022| Union for Bucovina| Uniunea pentru Bucovina (UB)| Active 2019–2022| Our Otopeni Initiative| IniÈ›iativa Otopeniul Nostru (ION)| Active 2020–2022| National Alliance for Farmers| AlianÈ›a NaÈ›ională an Agricultorilor (ANA)| Active 2020–2022| Alliance for the Unity for Rroma| AlianÈ›a pentru Unitatea Rromilor (AURr)| Active 2021–2022| Romanian National Party | Partidul NaÈ›ional Român (PNR)| Active 2020–2022| “National Force” Party| Partidul ForÈ›a NaÈ›ională (PFN)| Active 2020–2022| Hungarian Alliance of Transylvania| AlianÈ›a Maghiară din Transilvania (AMT)

Hungarian People’s Party of Transylvania (PPMT/EMNP) and Hungarian Civic Party (Romania)>Hungarian Civic Party (PCM/MPP); active 2022–present

See also

• Politics of Romania
• List of political parties by country

Notes

{{reflist}}

References

• {{in lang|ro}} www.fisd.ro/PDF/110ani.pdf" title="web.archive.org/web/20100601084430www.fisd.ro/PDF/110ani.pdf">110 ani de social-democraÈ›ie în România (“110 Years of Social Democracy in Romania“), Social Democratic Party, Ovidiu Șincai Social Democratic Institute, Bucharest, July 9, 2003
• Ion Constantinescu, “Dr. N. Lupu: «Dacă È™i d-ta ai fi fost bătut...»” (“Dr. N. Lupu: «If You Yourself Had Been Beaten...»“), in Magazin Istoric, August 1971
• Victor Frunză, Istoria stalinismului în România (“History of Stalinism in Romania“), Humanitas, Bucharest, 1990
• {{in lang|ro}} Victoria Gabriela Gruber, Summary of Partidul NaÈ›ional Liberal (Gheorghe Brătianu) (PDF file)
• {{in lang|ro}} erasmus.ong.ro/art8.htm" title="web.archive.org/web/20061111011241erasmus.ong.ro/art8.htm">Gabriel Marin, “ÃŽntre culpabilitate È™i mit: George Călinescu - Un istoric literar român în timpul regimului comunist” (“In Between Guilt and Myth: George Călinescu - A Romanian Literary Historian during the Communist Regime“), in Erasmus, 1997
• {{in lang|ro}} www.jurnalul.ro/articol.php?id=1905" title="web.archive.org/web/20070313170820www.jurnalul.ro/articol.php?id=1905">Paula Mihailov, “Dubla criză a ‘României profunde’” (“The Double Crisis of ‘Profound Romania’“), in Jurnalul NaÈ›ional, July 12, 2005
• Vasile Niculae, Ion Ilincioiu, Stelian Neagoe, Doctrina țărănistă în România. Antologie de texte (“Peasant Doctrine in Romania. Collected Texts“), Editura Noua Alternativă, Social Theory Institute of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, 1994
• Z. Ornea, Introduction and chronological table to George Panu, Amintiri de la “Junimea” din IaÈ™i (“Recollections from the IaÈ™i Junimea“), Ed. Minerva, Bucharest, 1998
• {{in lang|ro}} www.itcnet.ro/history/archive/mi2000/current5/mi37.htm" title="web.archive.org/web/20071007125456www.itcnet.ro/history/archive/mi2000/current5/mi37.htm">Petre Otu, “1946-1947. Se pregăteÈ™te guvernul Argetoianu!” (“1946-1948. An Argetoianu Government Is Under Preparation!“), in Magazin Istoric, May 2000
• Ioan Scurtu, ViaÈ›a Politică din România 1918–1914 (“Political Life in Romania 1918–1914“), Editura Albatros, Bucharest, 1982
• M. Ștefan, “ÃŽn umbra Cortinei de Fier” (“In the Shadow of the Iron Curtain“), in Magazin Istoric, November 1995
• Francisco Veiga, Istoria Gărzii de Fier, 1919-1941: Mistica ultranaÈ›ionalismului (“History of the Iron Guard, 1919-1941: The Mystique of Ultra-Nationalism“), Humanitas, Bucharest, 1993
• Nicolae Videnie, “«Alegerile» din martie 1948: epilogul listelor electorale alternative. Obsesia unanimității — primii paÈ™i” (“The «Elections» of March 1948: an Epilogue to Alternative Electoral Lists. Unanimity Obsession — The First Steps Taken“), in Dosarele Istoriei, 11/V, 2000

External links

• www.broadleft.org/ro.htm" title="web.archive.org/web/20170722081022www.broadleft.org/ro.htm">“Leftist parties in Romania” at broadleft.org
• {{in lang|ro}} www.unibuc.ro/eBooks/istorie/istorie1918-1940/cap4.htm" title="web.archive.org/web/20061231152234www.unibuc.ro/eBooks/istorie/istorie1918-1940/cap4.htm">Ioan Scurtu, Theodora Stănescu-Stanciu, Georgiana Margareta Scurtu, Istoria românilor între anii 1918-1940: IV. Partidele politice în primul deceniu interbelic (“Political programs of major parties in interwar Romania“)

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