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{{Short description|Italian filmmaker (1923–2019)}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}

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df=yes2|12}}| birth_place = Florence, Italydf=yes6192312}}| death_place = Rome, ItalyAccademia di Belle Arti di Firenze>Academy of Fine Arts of FlorenceFilm directorpolitician}}Christian Democracy (Italy) (before 1994)> (1994–2001)}}| children = 2 (adopted)



factoids



}}Gian Franco Corsi Zeffirelli (12 February 1923 – 15 June 2019)WEB,www.notizieoggi24.it/2019/06/15/lutto-nel-mondo-del-cinema-morto-franco-zeffirelli/, Lutto nel mondo del cinema: morto Franco Zeffirelli, Redazione, 15 June 2019, Notizie Oggi 24, it-IT, 15 June 2019, was an Italian stage and film director, producer, production designer and politician. He was one of the most significant opera and theatre directors of the post–World War II era, gaining both acclaim and notoriety for his lavish stagings of classical works, as well as his film adaptations of the same.WEB, 15 June 2019, Franco Zeffirelli obituary,www.theguardian.com/stage/2019/jun/15/franco-zeffirelli-obituary, 6 August 2022, the Guardian, en, NEWS, Kandell, Jonathan, 15 June 2019, Franco Zeffirelli, Italian Director With Taste for Excess, Dies at 96, en-US, The New York Times,www.nytimes.com/2019/06/15/arts/music/franco-zeffirelli-dead.html, 6 August 2022, 0362-4331, A member of the party, he served as the Senator for Catania between 1994 and 2001.Films he directed included the Shakespearean adaptations The Taming of the Shrew (1967), starring Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton; Romeo and Juliet (1968), for which he received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Director; and Hamlet (1990), starring Mel Gibson and Glenn Close. His Biblical television miniseries Jesus of Nazareth (1977) won both national and international acclaim and is still frequently shown at Christmas and Easter in many countries.A of the Italian Republic since 1977, Zeffirelli also received an honorary British knighthood in 2004 when he was created a KBE.UK honour for director Zeffirelli, BBC News, 24 November 2004 He was awarded the Premio Colosseo in 2009 by the city of Rome.

Early life

Zeffirelli was born Gian Franco Corsi Zeffirelli in the outskirts of Florence, Tuscany, Italy. He was born after an affair between Florentine Alaide Garosi, a fashion designer, and Ottorino Corsi, a wool and silk dealer from Vinci. Since both were married, Alaide was unable to use her surname or Corsi’s for her child. She came up with “Zeffiretti”, which are the “little breezes” mentioned in Mozart’s opera Idomeneo, of which she was quite fond. However, it was misspelt in the register and became Zeffirelli.WEB,biography.yourdictionary.com/franco-zeffirelli, Franco Zeffirelli Facts, Biography.yourdictionary.com, 8 January 2017, When he was six years old, his mother died and he subsequently grew up under the auspices of the English expatriate community and was particularly involved with the so-called Scorpioni, who inspired his semi-autobiographical film Tea with Mussolini (1999).Italian researchers found that Zeffirelli was one of a handful of living people traceably consanguineous with Leonardo da Vinci. He was a descendant of one of da Vinci’s siblings.NEWS,www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-36053229, Leonardo da Vinci’s ‘living relatives’ identified, BBC.com, BBC News, 15 April 2016, 8 January 2017, Zeffirelli graduated from the Accademia di Belle Arti Firenze in 1941 and, following his father’s advice, entered the University of Florence to study art and architecture.NEWS,www.nytimes.com/2009/08/19/arts/music/19zeffirelli.html, Maestro Still Runs the Show, Grandly, The New York Times, 18 August 2009, 18 August 2009, Donadio, Rachel, After World War II broke out, he fought as a partisan with the Italian Resistance, before he met up with British soldiers of the 1st Battalion Scots Guards and became their interpreter. After the war, he re-entered the University of Florence to continue his studies, but when he saw Laurence Olivier’s Henry V in 1945, he directed his attention toward theatre instead.While working for a scene-painter in Florence, he was introduced to Luchino Visconti, who hired him as an assistant director for the film La Terra trema, which was released in 1948. Visconti’s methods had a deep impact upon Zeffirelli’s later work.WEB,movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1800025046/bio, Franco Zeffirelli Biography, Yahoo! Movies, 18 August 2009, He also worked with directors such as Vittorio De Sica and Roberto Rossellini. In the 1960s, he made his name designing and directing his own plays in London and New York City and soon transferred his ideas to the cinema.

Career

Film

File:Director-Franco-Zeffirelli-and-Olivia-Hussey-in-the-movie-Romeo-and-Juliet-391759001112.jpg|thumb|Zeffirelli with Olivia HusseyOlivia HusseyZeffirelli’s first film as director was a version of The Taming of the Shrew (1967), originally intended for Sophia Loren and Marcello Mastroianni but featured the Hollywood stars Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton in their stead. Taylor and Burton helped fund production and took a percentage of the profits rather than their normal salaries.While editing The Taming of the Shrew, Zeffirelli’s native Florence was devastated by floods. A month later, he released a short documentary, entitled (Florence: Days of Destruction), to raise funds for the disaster appeal.NEWS,news.google.com/newspapers?id=QW0mAAAAIBAJ&pg=1659,15192, Burton Hosts Flood Special on Channel 33, The Gettysburg Times, 31 December 1966, 29 December 2012, Zeffirelli’s major breakthrough came the year after, when he presented two teenagers as Romeo and Juliet (1968). It made Zeffirelli a household name – no other subsequent work by him had the immediate impact of Romeo and Juliet. The film earned $14.5 million in domestic rentals at the North American box office in 1969.“Big Rental Films of 1969”, Variety, 7 January 1970, p. 15 It was re-released in 1973 and earned $1.7 million in rentals.“Big Rental Films of 1973”, Variety, 9 January 1974, p. 60Film critic Roger Ebert, for the Chicago Sun-Times, wrote: “I believe Franco Zeffirelli’s Romeo and Juliet is the most exciting film of Shakespeare ever made”.WEB, Ebert, Roger, Romeo and Juliet,www.rogerebert.com/reviews/romeo-and-juliet-1968, RogerEbert.com, Roger Ebert, 15 October 1968, 17 January 2014, After two successful film adaptations of Shakespeare, Zeffirelli went on to religious themes, first with a film about the life of St. Francis of Assisi titled Brother Sun, Sister Moon (1972), then his extended mini-series Jesus of Nazareth (1977) with an all-star cast. The latter was a major success in the ratings.He moved on to contemporary themes with a remake of the boxing picture The Champ (1979) and the critically panned Endless Love (1981). In the 1980s, he made a series of successful films adapting opera to the screen, with such stars as Plácido Domingo, Teresa Stratas, Juan Pons and Katia Ricciarelli. He returned to Shakespeare with Hamlet (1990), casting Mel Gibson in the lead role. His adaptation of the Charlotte Brontë novel Jane Eyre (1996) was a critical success.Zeffirelli frequently cast unknown actors in major roles: Leonard Whiting (Romeo in Romeo and Juliet), Graham Faulkner (St. Francis in Brother Sun, Sister Moon) and Martin Hewitt (David Axelrod in Endless Love).

Opera

Zeffirelli was a major director of opera productions from the 1950s in Italy and elsewhere in Europe as well as the United States. He began his career in the theatre as assistant to Luchino Visconti. Then he tried his hand at scenography. His first work as a director was buffo operas by Gioachino Rossini. He became a friend of Maria Callas and they worked together on a La traviata in Dallas, Texas, in 1958. Of particular note is his 1964 Royal Opera House production of Tosca with Maria Callas and Tito Gobbi. In the same year, he created Callas’ last Norma at the Paris Opera. He also staged at the Vienna State Opera: Don Giovanni (1972), La Bohème (1963), and Carmen with Elena Obraztsova and Plácido Domingo in 1978.WEB, “Carmen” am 09.12.1978 {{!, Spielplanarchiv der Wiener Staatsoper |url=https://archiv.wiener-staatsoper.at/performances/10834 |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=archiv.wiener-staatsoper.at}}WEB, Vorstellungen mit Franco Zeffirelli {{!, Spielplanarchiv der Wiener Staatsoper |url=https://archiv.wiener-staatsoper.at/search/person/3217 |access-date=2023-09-14 |website=archiv.wiener-staatsoper.at}} Zeffirelli also collaborated with Joan Sutherland, designing and directing her performances of Gaetano Donizetti’s Lucia di Lammermoor in 1959. Over the years he created several productions for the Metropolitan Opera in New York, including La bohème, Tosca, Turandot and Don Giovanni. When the new Metropolitan Opera opened at Lincoln Center, he directed its first production, Samuel Barber’s Antony and Cleopatra, starring Leontyne Price.

Honours

In 1996, he was awarded an honorary degree for services to the arts by the University of Kent at a graduation ceremony held in Canterbury Cathedral. In 1999, he received the Crystal Globe award for outstanding artistic contribution to world cinema at the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival. In November 2004, he was awarded an honorary knighthood by the United Kingdom.“UK honour for director Zeffirelli”, BBC News. Accessed 27 May 2008

Awards and nominations{| class“wikitable sortable plainrowheaders” style@width: 99%;”

style="background:#ccc; text-align:center;” ! scope=“col” | Association! scope=“col” | Year! scope=“col” | Category! scope=“col” | Work! scope=“col” | Result! scope=“col” class=“unsortable” | {{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}}!scope=“row” rowspan=“2“| Academy Awards 1969Academy Award for Best Director>Best DirectorRomeo and Juliet (1968 film)>Romeo and Juliet| {{nom}} HTTPS://WWW.OSCARS.ORG/OSCARS/CEREMONIES/1969>TITLE=THE 41ST ACADEMY AWARDS {{PIPE, 1969Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences>access-date=10 November 2022}} 1983Academy Award for Best Production Design>Best Art DirectionLa Traviata (1983 film)>La Traviata| {{nom}} HTTPS://WWW.OSCARS.ORG/OSCARS/CEREMONIES/1983>TITLE=THE 55TH ACADEMY AWARDS {{PIPE, 1983Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences>access-date=10 November 2022}}!scope=“row” rowspan=“4“| British Academy Film Awards 1969BAFTA Award for Best Direction>Best DirectionRomeo and Juliet (1968 film)>Romeo and Juliet| {{nom}} HTTPS://AWARDS.BAFTA.ORG/AWARD/1969/FILM>TITLE=FILM IN 1969 {{PIPE, BAFTA AwardsBritish Academy of Film and Television Arts>access-date=10 November 2022}} 1984BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language>Best Film Not in the English Language La Traviata| {{nom}} HTTPS://AWARDS.BAFTA.ORG/AWARD/1984/FILM>TITLE=FILM IN 1984 {{PIPE, BAFTA AwardsBritish Academy of Film and Television Arts>access-date=10 November 2022}}BAFTA Award for Best Production Design>Best Production Design| {{won}} 1987BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language>Best Film Not in the English LanguageOtello (1986 film)>Otello| {{nom}} HTTPS://AWARDS.BAFTA.ORG/AWARD/1987/FILM>TITLE=FILM IN 1987 {{PIPE, BAFTA AwardsBritish Academy of Film and Television Arts>access-date=10 November 2022}}!scope=“row“| British Academy Television Awards 1978British Academy Television Award for Best Single Drama>Best Single PlayJesus of Nazareth (TV series)>Jesus of Nazareth| {{nom}} HTTPS://AWARDS.BAFTA.ORG/AWARD/1978/TELEVISION>TITLE=TELEVISION IN 1978 {{PIPE, BAFTA AwardsBritish Academy of Film and Television Arts>access-date=10 November 2022}}!scope=“row“| Cannes Film Festival 1986| Palme d’OrOtello (1986 film)>Otello| {{nom}} HTTP://WWW.FESTIVAL-CANNES.FR/EN/ARCHIVES/1986/ALLSELECTIONS.HTML>TITLE=OFFICIAL SELECTION 1986CANNES FILM FESTIVAL>ACCESS-DATE=10 NOVEMBER 2022ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20131216000419/HTTP://WWW.FESTIVAL-CANNES.FR/EN/ARCHIVES/1986/ALLSELECTIONS.HTML, 16 December 2013, !scope=“row” rowspan=“5“| David di Donatello Awards 1969 Best DirectorRomeo and Juliet (1968 film)>Romeo and Juliet| {{won}} HTTPS://WWW.DAVIDDIDONATELLO.IT/MOTORE-DI-RICERCA/CERCAVINCITORI2.PHP?IDSOGGETTO=668&VIN=ZEFFIRELLI>TITLE=FRANCO ZEFFIRELLI – PREMI DAVID DI DONATELLOLANGUAGE=ITALIANACCADEMIA DEL CINEMA ITALIANO>ACCESS-DATE=10 NOVEMBER 2022, 1972| Brother Sun, Sister Moon| {{won}} 1979| European David| {{sdash}}| {{won}} 1991David di Donatello for Best Foreign Film>Best Foreign FilmHamlet (1990 film)>Hamlet| {{won}} 2002| Special David| {{sdash}}| {{won}}!scope=“row“| Directors Guild of America Awards 1969Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Feature Film>Outstanding Directing – Feature FilmRomeo and Juliet (1968 film)>Romeo and Juliet| {{nom}} HTTPS://WWW.DGA.ORG/AWARDS/HISTORY/1960S/1968.ASPX?VALUE=1968>TITLE=1968 AWARDSDIRECTORS GUILD OF AMERICA>ACCESS-DATE=10 NOVEMBER 2022, !scope=“row“| Flaiano Prizes 1996 Career Award| rowspan=“2” {{sdash}}| {{won}} HTTPS://WWW.PREMIFLAIANO.COM/418/1996.HTML>TITLE=FLAIANO INTERNATIONAL AWARDS WINNERS 1996FLAIANO PRIZES>PREMI FLAIANO, 10 November 2022, !scope=“row“| Globo d’oro 2013| {{won}} BONI>FIRST=FEDERICOTITLE=GLOBI D’ORO 2013: TUTTI I VINCITORIWORK=YAHOO! NEWSDATE=5 JULY 2013, 10 November 2022, !scope=“row” rowspan=“4“| Golden Globe Awards 1969Golden Globe Award for Best Director>Best Director Romeo and Juliet| {{nom}} HTTPS://WWW.GOLDENGLOBES.COM/PERSON/FRANCO-ZEFFIRELLI>TITLE=FRANCO ZEFFIRELLI {{PIPE, Golden GlobesHollywood Foreign Press Association>access-date=10 November 2022}}Golden Globe Award for Best English-Language Foreign Film>Best English-Language Foreign Film| {{won}} 1983 Best Foreign Language FilmLa Traviata (1983 film)>La Traviata| {{nom}} 1987Otello (1986 film)>Otello| {{nom}}!scope=“row” rowspan=“2“| Nastro d’Argento Awards 1969| Best DirectorRomeo and Juliet (1968 film)>Romeo and Juliet| {{won}} HTTPS://WWW.NASTRIDARGENTO.IT/1969-2/>TITLE=NASTRI D’ARGENTO {{PIPE, 1969publisher=Italian National Syndicate of Film Journalists|access-date=10 November 2022}} 2013| Special Silver Ribbon| rowspan=“2” {{sdash}}| {{won}} FUSCO>FIRST=FABIOTITLE=FRANCO ZEFFIRELLI: UN NASTRO D’ARGENTO PER I SUOI 90 ANNIWORK=MOVIEPLAYERDATE=12 FEBRUARY 2013, 10 November 2022, !scope=“row“| Karlovy Vary International Film Festival 1999Crystal Globe (Karlovy Vary International Film Festival)>Crystal Globe| {{won}} HTTPS://WWW.KVIFF.COM/EN/HISTORY/1999>TITLE=34TH FESTIVALKARLOVY VARY INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL>ACCESS-DATE=10 NOVEMBER 2022, !scope=“row“| National Board of Review 1969National Board of Review Award for Best Director>Best DirectorRomeo and Juliet (1968 film)>Romeo and Juliet| {{won}} HTTPS://NATIONALBOARDOFREVIEW.ORG/AWARD-YEARS/1968/>TITLE=1968 AWARD WINNERSNATIONAL BOARD OF REVIEW>ACCESS-DATE=10 NOVEMBER 2022, !scope=“row“| Palm Springs International Film Festival 2003| Director’s Achievement Award| {{sdash}}| {{won}} KAY>FIRST=JEREMYTITLE=PALM SPRINGS HONOURS ZEFFIRELLI, REDGRAVE, THE LATE CONRAD HALLSCREEN INTERNATIONAL>SCREENDAILYACCESS-DATE=10 NOVEMBER 2022, !scope=“row” rowspan=“2“| Primetime Emmy Awards 1985| Outstanding Individual Achievement – Classical Music/Dance Programming – DirectingPagliacci (1982 film)>Pagliacci| {{won}} HTTPS://WWW.EMMYS.COM/BIOS/FRANCO-ZEFFIRELLI>TITLE=FRANCO ZEFFIRELLI {{PIPE, Emmy AwardsAcademy of Television Arts & Sciences>access-date=10 November 2022}} 1986| Outstanding Individual Achievements – Classical Music/Dance ProgrammingGreat Performances: “List of Great Performances episodes>Cavalleria Rusticana“| {{won}}!scope=“row“| Razzie Awards 1982Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Director>Worst DirectorEndless Love (1981 film)>Endless Love| {{nom}} HTTP://RAZZIES.COM/ASP/CONTENT/XCNEWSPLUS.ASP?CMD=VIEW&ARTICLEID=21>TITLE=1981 RAZZIE AWARDSACCESS-DATE=10 NOVEMBER 2022ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20140116032635/HTTP://RAZZIES.COM/ASP/CONTENT/XCNEWSPLUS.ASP?CMD=VIEW&ARTICLEID=21, 16 January 2014, !scope=“row” rowspan=“2“| Tony Awards 1962| Special Tony Award| Romeo and Juliet| {{won}} HTTPS://WWW.TONYAWARDS.COM/WINNERS/YEAR/1962/CATEGORY/SPECIAL-TONY-AWARD/SHOW/ANY/>TITLE=WINNERS / 1962 / SPECIAL TONY AWARDAMERICAN THEATRE WING AND THE BROADWAY LEAGUE>ACCESS-DATE=10 NOVEMBER 2022, 1963Tony Award for Best Scenic Design>Best Scenic DesignLa Dame aux Camélias>The Lady of the Camellias| {{nom}} HTTPS://WWW.TONYAWARDS.COM/NOMINEES/YEAR/1963/CATEGORY/SCENIC-DESIGN-PLAY-OR-MUSICAL/SHOW/ANY/>TITLE=NOMINATIONS / 1963 / SCENIC DESIGNAMERICAN THEATRE WING AND THE BROADWAY LEAGUE>ACCESS-DATE=10 NOVEMBER 2022,

Criticism

Zeffirelli received criticism from religious groups for what they call the blasphemous representation of biblical figures in his films.WEB, Smith, Patricia Julian, Zeffirelli, Franco, glbtq: An Encyclopedia of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer Culture, 9 January 2005,www.glbtq.com/arts/zeffirelli_f.html, 7 August 2007, dead,www.glbtq.com/arts/zeffirelli_f.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20070814115944www.glbtq.com/arts/zeffirelli_f.html,">web.archive.org/web/20070814115944www.glbtq.com/arts/zeffirelli_f.html, 14 August 2007, He also roused accusations of antisemitism for describing Martin Scorsese’s The Last Temptation of Christ as a product of “that Jewish cultural scum of Los Angeles which is always spoiling for a chance to attack the Christian world.“NEWS,www.npr.org/2019/06/15/514094174/franco-zeffirelli-creator-of-lavish-productions-on-screen-and-stage-dies-at-96, Franco Zeffirelli, Creator Of Lavish Productions On Screen And Stage, Dies At 96, Weekend Edition, NPR, 15 June 2019, 15 June 2019, Ulaby, Neda, Zeffirelli was a highly conservative Catholic, and served two terms in the Italian senate as a member of Silvio Berlusconi’s centre-right party.NEWS, Obituary: Franco Zeffirelli,www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-24855930, BBC News, 15 June 2019, 15 June 2019, He was criticized by members of the gay community for upholding the Catholic Church’s position on homosexuality and by others for support of the Church’s position on abortion, which extended to calling for capital punishment for women who had terminated a pregnancy.He roused controversy again when he told a newspaper in 2006 that he had not suffered any harm from sexual abuse by a priest as a child.

Personal life

In 1996, Zeffirelli came out as gay, but thereafter preferred to be discreet about his personal life.NEWS,www.theguardian.com/world/2006/nov/21/books.film, Zeffirelli tells all about priest’s sexual assault, Barbara McMahon, The Guardian, 21 November 2006, 1 December 2019, Zeffirelli said that he considered himself “homosexual” rather than gay, as he felt the term “gay” was less elegant.NEWS,www.nytimes.com/2009/08/19/arts/music/19zeffirelli.html, Maestro Still Runs the Show, Grandly, The New York Times, Rachel Donadio, 18 August 2009, 1 December 2019, Zeffirelli adopted two adult sons, men with whom he had lived and who worked for him for years, managing his affairs.

Allegations of sexual assault

Director Bruce Robinson claimed to have been the target of unwanted amorous attention from Zeffirelli during the filming of Romeo and Juliet, in which Robinson played Benvolio. Robinson says that he based the lecherous character of Uncle Monty in the film Withnail and I on Zeffirelli.WEB, Interview with Bruce Robinson,www.laurahird.com/newreview/brucerobinson.html, 7 August 2007, Murphy, Peter, dead,www.laurahird.com/newreview/brucerobinson.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20070707184620www.laurahird.com/newreview/brucerobinson.html,">web.archive.org/web/20070707184620www.laurahird.com/newreview/brucerobinson.html, 7 July 2007, In 2018, the American actor Johnathon Schaech alleged that Zeffirelli sexually assaulted him during the filming of Sparrow (Storia di una capinera, 1993).NEWS, Actor Johnathon Schaech: I Was Molested by Director Franco Zeffirelli,people.com/movies/johnathon-schaech-molested-franco-zeffirelli/, People (magazine), People, 11 January 2018, 18 June 2019, Schaech, Johnathon, Zeffirelli’s son Giuseppe “Pippo”, adopted by the filmmaker as an adult, issued a statement at the time denying the allegation.WEB,eu.usatoday.com/story/life/2018/01/11/director-franco-zeffirelli-94-accused-molesting-actor-1992-son-denies/1025870001/, Director Franco Zeffirelli, 94, accused of molesting actor in 1992; son denies it, USA Today, Associated Press, 11 January 2018, 18 June 2019, WEB,www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/franco-zeffirelli-abuse-accusers-speak-1219298, The Dark Side of Franco Zeffirelli: Abuse Accusers Speak Out Upon the Famed Director’s Death, Hollywood Reporter, Rebecca, Keegan, 18 June 2019, 1 December 2019, ]

Death

Zeffirelli died at his home in Rome on 15 June 2019, aged 96.WEB,www.lanazione.it/firenze/cronaca/morto-franco-zeffirelli-1.4647533, È morto Franco Zeffirelli, addio al Maestro, La Nazione, 15 June 2019, 15 June 2019, Franco Zeffirelli, Oscar-Nominated Director for ‘Romeo and Juliet,’ Dies at 96, Duane Byrge, The Hollywood REPORTER, 15 June 2019

Selected filmography

• La Bohème (1965; production designer only)WEB,www.allmovie.com/artist/franco-zeffirelli-117884/filmography, Franco Zeffirelli Filmography, Allmovie, 18 August 2009,
• (Florence: Days of Destruction) (1966) (documentary short)
• The Taming of the Shrew (1967)
• Romeo and Juliet (1968) – Academy Award nominee, director
• Brother Sun, Sister Moon (1972)
• Jesus of Nazareth (1977)
• Cavalleria rusticana (1978) with Tatiana Troyanos and Plácido Domingo (live Metropolitan Opera House – stage director)
• Pagliacci (1978) with Teresa Stratas, Sherrill Milnes and Plácido Domingo (live Metropolitan Opera House – stage director)
• Carmen (1978)
• The Champ (1979)
• Endless Love (1981) – Razzie Award nominee
• Pagliacci (1982) with Plácido Domingo and Teresa Stratas
• Cavalleria rusticana (1982) with Plácido Domingo and Elena Obraztsova
• La Bohème (1982) (live Metropolitan Opera – stage director)
• La Traviata (1983) – Academy Award nominee, BAFTA winner, art direction; with Teresa Stratas and Plácido Domingo
• Tosca (1985) (live Metropolitan Opera – stage director)
• Otello (1986) – BAFTA winner, foreign language film; with Plácido Domingo and Katia Ricciarelli
• Young Toscanini (1988)
• Hamlet (1990)
• Don Giovanni (live Metropolitan Opera – stage director)
• Don Carlo with Luciano Pavarotti and Daniela Dessì (live La Scala – stage director)
• Storia di una capinera (also known as Sparrow; 1993) with Sheherazade Ventura
• Jane Eyre (1996)
• Tea with Mussolini (1999)
• Callas Forever (2002)

Bibliography

• Zeffirelli, Franco; John Tooley (interviews by Anna Tims), “How we made: Franco Zeffirelli and John Tooley on Tosca (1964)”, The Guardian (London), 23 July 2012 on theguardian.com. Retrieved 11 August 2014.

References

{{Reflist}}

External links

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• {{IMDb name|1874}}
• {{IBDB name}}
• {{Charlie Rose view|4625}}
• {{NPG name}}
• {{NYTtopic|people/z/franco_zeffirelli}}
• Italian Senate profile
• www.keithbush.com/article_zeffirelli.htm" title="web.archive.org/web/20041016112029www.keithbush.com/article_zeffirelli.htm">Interview: Maria Callas and Callas Forever
• Interview with Zeffirelli from 1999 about Tea With Mussolini
• BBC Obituary: Franco Zeffirelli

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