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{{Short description|Free game engine}}

factoids

{{Nowrap|976 kB (Build)}}English_Language>English| genre = Game engineWEBSITE=DEFOLD.COM, KERR >FIRST=CHRIS TITLE=KING HAS OPENED UP AND RELINQUISHED CONTROL OF THE DEFOLD GAME ENGINE ACCESS-DATE=2023-09-19 LANGUAGE=EN, weblink}}| repo =weblink| ver layout = simplepropertyeditP348|P548=Q2804309}}Microsoft Windows>Windows, macOS, Linux}}Defold is a cross-platform, free, and source-available game engine developed by King, and later the Defold Foundation.WEB, Kamen, Matt, 2016-03-22, Candy Crush studio King releases Defold game development engine for free,weblink 2023-09-22, Wired.co.uk, WEB, Cowley, Ric, 2020-05-19, King is making its Defold game engine open source,weblink 2023-09-19, Pocketgamer.biz, WEB, Kerr, Chris, 2020-05-19, King has opened up and relinquished control of the Defold game engine,weblink 2023-09-19, Game Developer, en, WEB, Defold: A Grant for the Web Awardee,weblink 2023-09-19, Grantfortheweb.org, It is used to create mostly two-dimensional (2D) games,WEB, Kerr, Chris, 2016-03-23, King's Defold game engine is now available for free,weblink 2023-09-20, Game Developer, en, but is fully capable of three-dimensional (3D) as well.WEB, 2016-03-19, Here's why King gave away its 2D mobile game engine Defold,weblink 2023-09-19, VentureBeat, en-US, WEB, Orremark, Kim, 2017-08-29, Vi kollar in spelmotorn Defold,weblink 2023-09-20, Gamereactor Sverige, sv, Defold is a downloadable desktop app, and ships with its own embedded IDE. Defold targets desktop, mobile, web, and console platforms. The development model of the maintainers (Source-available) keeps the engine free to use, because it is maintained by its community.WEB, Hunter, Tatum, 2020-10-27, Is It Time to Leave Open Source Behind?,weblink 2023-09-19, Builtin.com, en, Defold has over 30,000 users, and has been used to publish over 100 games. Exported games with Defold typically use less than 100kB RAMWEB, 株式会社インプレス, 2017-04-14, 【特別企画】Kingがゲームエンジン「DEFOLD」を無償公開するワケ 2Dにフォーカスしたゲームエンジンを開発者向けにブリーフィング,weblink 2023-09-20, GAME Watch, ja, and very small bundle sizes, less than 2 MB,WEB, Aueki, Aetas, 2016-03-17, ［GDC 2016］「キャンディークラッシュ」のKingが公開した完全無料のゲームエンジン「Defold」とは？,weblink 2023-09-20, 4Gamer.net, ja, due to the Engine's modularization and efficient core.WEB, 2017-04-11, 『キャンディークラッシュ』のKingが提供する2D開発特化ゲームエンジン"Defold"とは？ {{!, ファミ通App【スマホゲーム情報サイト】 |url=https://app.famitsu.com/20170411_1019185/ |access-date=2023-09-20 |website=ファミ通App |language=ja}}WEB, Pearson, Dan, 2016-06-10, The King Maker,weblink 2023-09-20, GamesIndustry.biz, en,

Features

Defold uses Lua for scripting, but also allows native extensions, written in C, C++, and target-specific native languages. Defold projects are organized as collections, which consist of a hierarchy of game objects containing in-game entities. Scripting between game objects is handled using the message-passing paradigm, which allows scripts to intercommunicate in call-response and event-based models.BOOK, Hillyard, David, Documenting Defold Programming Projects, 2020-06-11, 979-8649775151, 10–12, CRAIGNDAVE Limited, en, {{Self-published source|date=September 2023}} Defold's IDE natively supports in-editor Git tracking.NEWS, 2016-03-22, King releases Defold game engine for free, en, MCV,weblink 2023-09-20, 1469-4832, WEB, Ксения, 2016-03-23, King бесплатно выпускает игровой движок Defold,weblink 2023-09-20, AppTractor.ru, ru,

Supported platforms

The Defold editor can be run on three platforms and natively supports targeting eight platforms. Defold supports exports for: The editor is currently supported on:

Scripting and editor

Users communicate with the engine via a Lua API. LuaJIT is used on all platforms except HTML and just-in-time compilation is enabled on permitted platforms. Users can extend the engine using C, C++, Java, Objective-C, and JavaScript for platform-specific or more performant code. In addition, the community maintains TypeScriptWEB, TypeScript support library for Defold,weblink GitHub, and HaxeWEB, Haxe support library for the Defold game engine,weblink GitHub, bindings. Scripts are platform-agnostic.The editor includes a visual scene editor, debugger, asset management, tilemap editor, and all templates required for bundling the game. Newer versions support hot-reloading, to make changes to assets and scripts without rebuilding the project.

Rendering

The render pipeline can be customized via a render script API, which can be translated into OpenGL, OpenGL ES, Vulkan,WEB, Isaac, 2020-05-22, Defold: motor gráfico multiplataforma torna-se open source,weblink 2023-09-20, Linux Adictos, pt, {{Unreliable source?|date=September 2023}} or Metal (via MoltenVK) depending on the user's needs. Shaders can be written in GLSL for various post-processing effects.

Engine extensions

Defold has support for extensions, which are plugins that extend the engine, where users can integrate auxiliary solutions into their projects. There are libraries for simplifying game systems, interacting with hardware, and integration with third-party software. Both the Defold Foundation and the community host their extensions on the Defold Asset Portal.WEB, Defold Asset portal,weblink Defold.com,

History

Defold was created in 2008WEB, 周思冲, 2016-06-13, 国王守护者Defold：从无人问津到King御用引擎 - 触乐,weblink 2023-09-20, Chuapp.com, zh, WEB, Weber, Rachel, 2016-03-23, King makes Defold game engine free,weblink 2023-09-20, GamesIndustry.biz, en, by Christian Murray and Ragnar SvenssonWEB, Riis, Jacob, 2016-05-09, The Story of Defold,weblink 2023-09-20, Nordic Game Community, as a side-project while they were working at Avalanche Studios, and later as a full time business before being acquired by King in 2014. Defold was developed and used internally at King for a few years before the decision was made to make Defold available to developers outside of King.WEB, Suckley, Matt, 2016-09-19, Why King is entering the game engine space with Defold and how it will help other devs launch their games,weblink 2023-09-22, Pocketgamer.biz, The announcement and release of Defold as a free to use game engine was made at the Game Developers Conference in San Francisco in March 2016.WEB, GDC - King presents Defold,weblink GDCVault, Some mobile developers expressed concern about King's long term intentions for the engine, as well as the lack of a clear business goal.WEB, Suckley, Matt, 2016-09-27, What do mobile developers think of King's game engine Defold?,weblink 2023-09-20, Pocketgamer.biz, Development has continued with bi-weekly incremental releases of the engine and editor, with a major milestone being the release of the new editor in 2017. Defold was nominated for best engine in the 2018 Develop Awards, the 2018 and 2019 Mobile Games Awards.NEWS, 2018-05-21, Announcing the Develop Awards 2018 nominations shortlist, en, MCV,weblink 2023-09-20, 1469-4832, WEB, Chapple, Craig, 2018-11-23, Pocket Gamer Mobile Games Awards 2019 finalists revealed,weblink 2023-09-20, Pocketgamer.biz, WEB, Chapple, Craig, 2017-11-29, Mobile Games Awards 2018: The finalists revealed,weblink 2023-09-20, Pocketgamer.biz, In 2020, the Defold Foundation was established to oversee the development and stewardship of the engine, ensuring its independence from any single entity. In the process, the source code for the engine was made public.WEB, Batchelor, James, 2020-05-19, King makes Defold engine open source,weblink 2023-09-20, GamesIndustry.biz, en, King released the source on GitHub as open source game engine, but community of developers questioned the choice of license, as it was initially unclear. Many assumed it was released under an Apache 2.0 - popular open source license. However, King had used a custom license that prevented commercialization of the Defold editor, so that Defold would always remain free for developers to use, calling into question whether it could be considered open source as defined by the Free Software Foundation and the Open Source Initiative.WEB, Fyler, Tony, 2022-08-04, Is Open Source Dying Out?,weblink 2023-09-19, TechHQ, en-US, Shortly after, Defold added support for Nintendo Switch target platform exports.WEB, Partleton, Kayleigh, 2020-06-25, The Defold Foundation adds Nintendo Switch support to Defold engine,weblink 2023-09-20, Pocketgamer.biz,

Licensing

Defold is released under the "Defold License", derived from the Apache License, Version 2.0. The engine is "source available" and developers can access the engine's source code on GitHub. The "Defold License" license permits any use of the code except for the sale of the Defold engine itself, but games made can be distributed freely, without royalties or restrictions.

Funding

The Defold Foundation is funded entirely by community donations and corporate partnerships.WEB, 2023-09-14, EGDF: UNITY'S INSTALL FEES ARE A SIGN OF LOOMING GAME ENGINE MARKET FAILURE,weblink 2023-09-19, EGDF - European Games Developer Federation, en-US, The Defold engine is maintained by both the Defold foundation and open source developers.WEB, Alim, 2020-05-26, Heroic Labs partners with the Defold Foundation to further open-source game development,weblink 2023-09-22, HeroicLabs.com, WEB, Ritzl, Björn, 2020-08-11, Melsoft Games partners with the Defold Foundation,weblink 2023-09-22, Defold.com, WEB, Ritzl, Björn, 2021-02-16, The Defold Foundation partners with Rive Inc.,weblink 2023-09-22, Defold.com,

References

{{reflist}}

External links

• {{official websiteweblink}}
• WEB, Defold GitHub repository,weblink on GitHub, 10 April 2022, en,

{{Video game engines |state=collapsed}}