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}}Baden-Baden ({{IPA-de|ˈbaːdnÌ© ˈbaːdnÌ©|-|De-Baden-Baden.ogg}}) is a spa town in the state of Baden-Württemberg, south-western Germany, at the north-western border of the Black Forest mountain range on the small river Oos, ten kilometres (six miles) east of the Rhine, the border with France, and forty kilometres (twenty-five miles) north-east of Strasbourg, France.In 2021, the town became part of the transnational UNESCO World Heritage Site under the name “Great Spa Towns of Europe”, because of its famous spas and architecture that exemplifies the popularity of spa towns in Europe in the 18th through 20th centuries.NEWS,www.dpa-international.com/topic/great-spas-europe-awarded-unesco-world-heritage-status-urn%3Anewsml%3Adpa.com%3A20090101%3A210724-99-511232, ‘Great Spas of Europe’ awarded UNESCO World Heritage status, Andreas, Landwehr, Deutsche Presse-Agentur, 24 July 2021, 25 July 2021, 25 July 2021,web.archive.org/web/20210725045739/https://www.dpa-international.com/topic/great-spas-europe-awarded-unesco-world-heritage-status-urn%3Anewsml%3Adpa.com%3A20090101%3A210724-99-511232, dead, {{anchor|Etymology}}

Name

The springs at Baden-Baden were known to the Romans as ’ (“The Waters“)BOOK, Patricia Erfurt-Cooper, Malcolm Cooper, Health and Wellness Tourism: Spas and Hot Springs,books.google.com/books?id=GHUmpHFaHtUC&pg=PA67, 2009, Channel View Publications, 978-1-84541-111-4, 67, and ’ (“Aurelia-of-the-Waters“) after M. Aurelius Severus Alexander Augustus.{{sfnp|EB|1878|p=227}}In modern German, }} is a noun meaning “bathing“{{citation |editor-last=Messinger |editor-first=Heinz |editor2-last=Türck |editor2-first=Gisela |editor3-last=Willmann |editor3-first= Helmut |title=Langenscheidt’s Compact Dictionary: German |contribution=bath·ing |contribution-url=books.google.com/books?id=3jfMpgl_Ph0C&pg=PA767 |date=1993 }} but Baden, the original name of the town, derives from an earlier plural form of }} (“bath”).{{citation |last=Charnock |first=Richard Stephen |author-mask=Charnock |contribution= Baden |contribution-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I2BulY4WvsYC&pg=PA23 |page=23 |title=Local Etymology |year=1859 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I2BulY4WvsYC }} (Modern German uses the plural form }}.){{citation |editor-last=Messinger |editor-first= Heinz |editor2-last= Türck |editor2-first=Gisela |editor3-last=Willmann |editor3-first=Helmut |title=Langenscheidt’s Compact Dictionary: German |contribution=Bad |contribution-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3jfMpgl_Ph0C&pg=PA83 |date=1993 }} As with the English placename “Bath”, other Badens are at hot springs throughout Central Europe. The current doubled name arose to distinguish it from the others, particularly Baden near Vienna in Austria and Baden near Zürich in Switzerland. The original Margraviate of Baden (1112-1535) split into several territories, including Baden-Baden and Baden-Durlach. The name “Baden-Baden” distinguished the Margraviate of Baden-Baden (1535–1771), from the Margraviate of Baden-Durlach. “Baden-Baden” thus means the town of Baden in the territory of Baden, whereas the name of the Margraviate of Baden-Baden meant “the Margraviate of Baden with its princely seat at Baden”. Baden-Baden formally got its current name in 1931.BOOK, Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg, Das Land Baden-Württemberg. Amtliche Beschreibung nach Kreisen und Gemeinden. V. Regierungsbezirk Karlsruhe., The State of Baden-Württemberg. Official description of administrative districts and municipalities. Volume 5 Karlsruhe administrative district, de, Stuttgart, Kohlhammer, 12, 1976, 3-17-002542-2,

Geography

Baden-Baden lies in a valley{{sfnp|EB|1878|p=226}} of the Northern Black Forest in southwestern Germany.{{sfnp|EB|2015}} The western districts lie within the Upper Rhine Plain. The highest mountain of Baden-Baden is the Badener Höhe ({{Höhe|1002.5|DE-NHN|link=true}}{{GeoQuelle|DE|BFN-Karten}}), which is part of the Black Forest National Park. The old town lies on the side of a hill on the right bank of the Oos.{{sfnp|EB|1878|p=226}} Since the 19th century, the principal resorts have been located on the other side of the river.{{sfnp|EB|1878|p=226}} There are 29 natural springs in the area, varying in temperature from {{convert|46|to|67|C|0|sp=us|abbr=on}}.{{sfnp|EB|1878|p=226}} The water is rich in salt and flows from artesian wells {{convert|1800|m|ft|abbr=on|sp=us}} under Florentine HillWEB,www.frommers.com/destinations/baden-baden/A26357.html, Caracalla-Therme, Frommer’s, 2009-05-23, at a rate of 341 litres (90 gallons) per minute and is conveyed through pipes to the town’s baths.{{sfnp|EB|1878|p=226}}

History

Roman settlement at Baden-Baden has been dated as far back as the emperor Hadrian, but on dubious authority.{{sfnp|EB|1878|p=227}} The known ruins of the Roman bath were rediscovered just below the New Castle in 1847{{sfnp|EB|1878|p=227}} and date to the reign of Caracalla (AD 210s),{{sfnp|EB|2015}} who visited the area to relieve his arthritic aches.WEB,www.frommers.com/destinations/baden-baden/0863010001.html, Introduction to Baden-Baden, Frommer’s, 15 May 2009, . The facilities were used by the Roman garrison in Strasbourg.{{sfnp|EB|2015}}The town fell into ruin but its church was first constructed in the 7th century.{{sfnp|EB|2015}} By 1112, it was the seat of the Margraviate of Baden.{{sfnp|EB|2015}} The Lichtenthal Convent (’) was founded in 1254.{{sfnp|EB|2015}} The margraves initially used Hohenbaden Castle (the Old Castle, ’), whose ruins still occupy the summit above the town, but they completed and moved to the New Castle () in 1479.{{sfnp|EB|1878|p=227}} The Margraviate was divided in 1535, with Baden-Baden becoming the capital of the Margraviate of Baden-Baden, while the other portion became the Margraviate of Baden-Durlach. The Baden-Baden witch trials, an investigating encompassing the entire territory and resulting in hundreds of verdicts, took place in 1627-1631. Baden suffered severely during the Thirty Years’ War, particularly at the hands of the French, who plundered it in 1643.{{sfnp|EB|1878|p=227}} They returned to occupy the city in 1688 at the onset of the Nine Years’ War, burning it to the ground the next year.{{sfnp|EB|2015}} The margravine Sibylla rebuilt the New Castle in 1697, but the margrave Louis William removed his seat to Rastatt in 1706.{{sfnp|EB|1878|p=227}} The Stiftskirche was rebuilt in 1753{{sfnp|EB|2015}} and houses the tombs of several of the margraves.{{sfnp|EB|1878|p=227}}The town began its recovery in the late 18th century, serving as a refuge for émigrés from the French Revolution.{{sfnp|EB|2015}} The town was frequented during the Second Congress of Rastatt in 1797–99{{citation needed|date=October 2015}} and became popular after the visit of the Prussian queen in the early 19th century.{{sfnp|EB|2015}} She came for medicinal reasons, as the waters were recommended for gout, rheumatism, paralysis, neuralgia, skin disorders, and stones.{{sfnp|EB|1911}} The Ducal government subsequently subsidized the resort’s development.{{sfnp|EB|1878|p=227}} The town became a meeting place for celebrities, who visited the hot springs and the town’s other amenities: luxury hotels, the Spielbank Casino,WEB,www.frommers.com/destinations/baden-baden/A26360.html, Spielbank, Frommer’s, 2009-05-26, horse races, and the gardens of the Lichtentaler Allee. Guests included Queen Victoria, Wilhelm I, and Berlioz. The pumproom () was completed in 1842.{{sfnp|EB|1878|p=226}} The Grand Duchy’s railway’s mainline reached Baden in 1845.{{citation needed|date=October 2015}} Reaching its zenith under Napoleon III in the 1850s and ‘60s, Baden became “Europe’s summer capital”.{{sfnp|EB|2015}} With a population of around {{nowrap|10 000}}, the town’s size could quadruple during the tourist season, with the French, British, Russians, and Americans all well represented.{{sfnp|EB|1878|p=226}} (French tourism fell off following the Franco-Prussian War.){{sfnp|EB|1911}}The theater was completed in 1861{{sfnp|EB|1878|p=226}} and a Greek church with a gilt dome was erected on the Michaelsberg in 1863 to serve as the tomb of the teenage son of the prince of Moldavia Mihail Sturdza after he died during a family vacation.{{citation |last=Winch |first=Michael B. |author-mask=Winch |title=Introducing Germany |page=75 |date=1967 }} A Russian Orthodox church was also subsequently erected.{{sfnp|EB|1911}} The casino was closed for a time in the 1870s.{{sfnp|EB|1878|p=226}}(File:Black Forest Autochrome 05 Baden-Baden.jpg|thumb|Baden-Baden in 1910)Just before the First World War, the town was receiving {{nowrap|70 000}} visitors each year.{{sfnp|EB|1911}}During the Second World War, 3.1% of the houses in Baden-Baden were completely destroyed by bombs and 125 civilians were killed.{{citation|surname1=Heinz Bardua|editor-surname1= Kommission für geschichtliche Landeskunde in Baden-Württemberg|periodical=Historischer Atlas von Baden-Württemberg|title=Kriegsschäden in Baden-Württemberg 1939–1945: Beiwort zur Karte 7,11|publication-place=Leonberg|at=p. 13|date=1975|language=de|url=https://www.leo-bw.de/media/kgl_atlas/current/delivered/pdf/HABW_7_11.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009www.leo-bw.de/media/kgl_atlas/current/delivered/pdf/HABW_7_11.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|access-date=2018-01-26}}, Format: PDF, KBytes: 2300 5.8% of the houses were heavily damaged by bombs.Statistisches Jahrbuch deutscher Gemeinden, p. 378. Braunschweig 1952 Lichtenthal, a residential area in the southwest of the town, was hit by bombs and Saint Bonifatius Church was severely damaged on 11 March 1943.Catholic Parish of Saint Bonifatius: Wir über uns, p. 3. Baden-Baden 2002 Balg, a residential area in the northeast of Baden-Baden, was hit by bombs on 17 December 1944. On 30 December 1944 one third of the buildings of Oos (i.e. about 300 houses), a residential area in the north of the town, was destroyed or heavily damaged by bombs and Saint Dionysius Church was severely damaged as well. On 2 January 1945 the railway station of Oos and various barracks on Schwarzwald Road were heavily damaged by bombs.Dieter Baeuerle et al. Stadtführer Baden-Baden, p. 14. Baden-Baden 1994 After World War II, Baden-Baden became the headquarters of the French occupation forces in Germany as well as of the Südwestfunk, one of Germany’s large public broadcasting stations, which is now part of Südwestrundfunk. From 23–28 September 1981, the XIth Olympic Congress took place in Baden-Baden’s . The Festspielhaus Baden-Baden, Germany’s largest opera and concert house, opened in 1998.CFB Baden-Soellingen, a military airfield built in the 1950s in the Upper Rhine Plain, {{convert|10|km|0|abbr=on|sp=us}} west of downtown Baden-Baden, was converted into a civil airport in the 1990s. Karlsruhe/Baden-Baden Airport, or Baden Airpark is now the second-largest airport in Baden-Württemberg by number of passengers.WEB,www.adv.aero/fileadmin/pdf/statistiken/2011/ADV-Monatsstatistik_Dezember_2011.pdf, ADV Monthly Traffic Report 12/2011, 2012-06-22, dead,www.adv.aero/fileadmin/pdf/statistiken/2011/ADV-Monatsstatistik_Dezember_2011.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20120813065907www.adv.aero/fileadmin/pdf/statistiken/2011/ADV-Monatsstatistik_Dezember_2011.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20120813065907www.adv.aero/fileadmin/pdf/statistiken/2011/ADV-Monatsstatistik_Dezember_2011.pdf, 2012-08-13, In 1981 Baden-Baden hosted the Olympic Congress, which later made the town awarded the designation Olympic town.

Climate

The climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is precipitation year round. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is “(Köppen climate classification#Group C: Temperate/mesothermal climates|Cfb)” (Marine West Coast Climate/Oceanic climate).Climate Summary for Baden Baden{{Weather box| location = Baden-Baden| single line = Yes| metric first = Yes| Jan high F = 39| Feb high F = 42| Mar high F = 51| Apr high F = 57| May high F = 66| Jun high F = 71| Jul high F = 76| Aug high F = 76| Sep high F = 69| Oct high F = 57| Nov high F = 46| Dec high F = 40| year high F = 58| Jan low F = 29| Feb low F = 30| Mar low F = 36| Apr low F = 39| May low F = 47| Jun low F = 54| Jul low F = 57| Aug low F = 56| Sep low F = 51| Oct low F = 44| Nov low F = 36| Dec low F = 31| year low F = 43| Jan precipitation mm =107.3| Feb precipitation mm =99.1| Mar precipitation mm =106.2| Apr precipitation mm =78.8| May precipitation mm =118.5| Jun precipitation mm =103.9| Jul precipitation mm =116.9| Aug precipitation mm =103.1| Sep precipitation mm =91.1| Oct precipitation mm =109.1| Nov precipitation mm =113.1| Dec precipitation mm =122.1| Jan precipitation days = 22| Feb precipitation days = 18| Mar precipitation days = 20| Apr precipitation days = 19| May precipitation days = 21| Jun precipitation days = 21| Jul precipitation days = 17| Aug precipitation days = 16| Sep precipitation days = 15| Oct precipitation days = 18| Nov precipitation days = 18| Dec precipitation days = 21| year precipitation days = 226| Jan sun =52.9| Feb sun =78.4| Mar sun =132.7| Apr sun =182.4| May sun =204.4| Jun sun =223.7| Jul sun =237.7| Aug sun =223.3| Sep sun =164.5| Oct sun =103| Nov sun =55.3| Dec sun =41.2| source 2 = WeatherbaseWEB,www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=22701&cityname=Baden-Baden-, Weatherbase, Weatherbase.com, 2013, Retrieved on July 6, 2013.| date = July 2013| source = Deutscher Wetterdienst(Precipitation and Sunshine)HTTPS://WWW.DWD.DE/DE/LEISTUNGEN/KLIMADATENDEUTSCHLAND/MITTELWERTE/NIEDER_9120_SV_HTML.HTML?VIEW=NASPUBLICATION&NN=771428 ACCESS-DATE=2023-07-11 PUBLISHER=DWD.DE WEBSITE=DWD.DE ACCESS-DATE=23 FEBRUARY 2024, }}

Lord Mayors

• 1907–1929: Reinhard Fieser
• 1929–1934: Hermann Elfner
• 1934–1945: Hans Schwedhelm (when he was not in office because of military service, mayor Kurt Bürkle was in office)
• April 1945–May 1945: Ludwig Schmitt
• May 1945–January 1946: Karl Beck
• January 1946–September 1946: Eddy Schacht
• 1946–1969: Ernst Schlapper (CDU) (1888-1976)
• 1969–1990: Walter Carlein (CDU) (1922-2011)
• 1990–1998: Ulrich Wendt (CDU)
• 1998–2006: Sigrun Lang (independent)
• 2006–2014: Wolfgang Gerstner (born 1955), (CDU)
• 2014–2022: Margret Mergen (born 1961), (CDU)
• 2022–present: Dietmar Späth (independent)

Tourism

Baden-Baden is a German spa town.BOOK, Bogue, David, Belgium and the Rhine, Oxford University, 102, The city offers many options for sports enthusiasts; golf and tennis are both popular in the area. Horse races take place each May, August and October at nearby Iffezheim. The countryside is ideal for hiking and mountain climbing. In the winter Baden-Baden is a skiing destination. There is an 18-hole golf course in Fremersberg.WEB,www.frommers.com/destinations/baden-baden/0863010020.html, Active pursuits, Frommer’s, 2009-05-29, Sights include:{{colbegin}}

• The ’, whose ’ (“Spa Garden“) hosts the annual Baden-Baden Summer Nights, featuring live classical music concertsWEB,events.frommers.com/sisp/index.htm?fx=event&event_id=112309, Baden-Baden Summer Nights, Frommer’s, 2009-05-28, dead,events.frommers.com/sisp/index.htm?fx=event&event_id=112309," title="web.archive.org/web/20110711044656events.frommers.com/sisp/index.htm?fx=event&event_id=112309,">web.archive.org/web/20110711044656events.frommers.com/sisp/index.htm?fx=event&event_id=112309, 2011-07-11,
• Casino
• Friedrichsbad
• Caracalla Spa
• Lichtentaler Allee park and gardens
• Staatliche Kunsthalle Baden-Baden (State Art Gallery)
• Museum Frieder Burda built by Richard Meier for one of Germany’s most extensive collections of modern artWEB,www.frommers.com/destinations/baden-baden/A34675.html, Sammlung Frieder Burda, Frommer’s, 2009-05-24,
• Fabergé Museum
• Museum der Kunst und Technik des 19. Jahrhunderts (Lichtentaler Allee 8), covering the technology of the 19th century
• Kunstmuseum Gehrke-Remund, which exhibits the work of Frida Kahlo
• , Johannes Brahms’s residence, which has been preserved as a museum
• Hohenbaden Castle or Old Castle, a ruin since the 16th century
• New Castle (), the former residence of the margraves and grand dukes of Baden, now a historical museum{{sfnp|EB|2015}}
• Festspielhaus Baden-Baden, the second-largest festival hall in Europe
• Ruins of Roman baths, excavated in 1847
• , a church including the tombs of fourteen margraves of Baden
• Paradise (), an Italian-style Renaissance garden with many trick fountains
• Mount Merkur, including the Merkurbergbahn funicular railway and observation tower
• Fremersberg Tower
• Sturdza Chapel on the Michaelsberg, a neoclassical chapel with a gilded dome designed by Leo von Klenze which was erected over the tomb of prince Michel Sturdza’s son{{Citation needed|date=June 2009}}

{{colend}}

Transport

Road

The main road link is autobahn A5 between Basel and Frankfurt via Freiburg, Karlsruhe and Mannheim, which is 10 km away from the inner city.There are two stations providing intercity bus services: one next to the main railway station and one at the airport.WEB,www.travelinho.com/en/travel/baden-baden, Baden-Baden: Stations, Travelinho.com, 2017-12-02, 2017-12-03,www.travelinho.com/en/travel/baden-baden," title="web.archive.org/web/20171203013752www.travelinho.com/en/travel/baden-baden,">web.archive.org/web/20171203013752www.travelinho.com/en/travel/baden-baden, dead,

Railway

Baden-Baden has three stations, Baden-Baden station being the most important of them.

Air

Karlsruhe/Baden-Baden Airport is an airport located near Baden-Baden that also serves the city of Karlsruhe. It is Baden-Württemberg’s second-largest airport after Stuttgart Airport, and the 18th-largest in Germany with 1,110,500 passengers as of 2016WEB,www.adv.aero, Flughafenverband ADV – Unsere Flughäfen: Regionale Stärke, Globaler Anschluss, Flughafenverband ADV, adv.aero, and mostly serves low-cost and leisure flights.

Image gallery

File:Baden-Baden - Altstadt.jpg|Old town ()File:View of Baden-baden.jpeg|Florentine Hill (’), with the New Castle (top right), the Caracalla Spa (lower right), and the ’ (lower left)File:Stiftskirche von Baden-Baden.jpg|Baden-Baden’s parish church ()File:Baden-Baden 10-2015 img37 Pump house.jpg|The File:Brenners.jpg|Brenner’s Park HotelFile:Baden-Baden Russische Kirche 01-gje.jpg|The Russian Orthodox Church ()File:Baden-Baden-Stourdza-Kapelle-01-gje.jpg|Sturdza ChapelFile:Baden-Baden-Roemerplatz-32-Friedrichsbad-Neues Schloss-Kloster vom Heiligen Grab-2022-gje.jpg|The ’, New Castle, and Abbey School (’)File:Baden-Baden Kurmuschel.jpg|The Spa Shell, an open-air concert venueFile:Baden-Baden 10-2015 img39 Museum Frieder Burda.jpg|Museum Frieder BurdaFile:Baden-Baden-Lichtentaler Allee-516-Spaziergaenger-2012-gje.jpg|Lichtentaler AlleeFile:Baden-Baden-Kunsthalle-22-Burdamuseum-Joan Miro-Femme 1970-2007-gje.jpg|Staatliche Kunsthalle Baden-BadenFile:Baden-Baden-Faberge-Museum-04-2021-gje.jpg|Fabergé MuseumFile:Baden-Baden-Museum19-02-Baden in Schoenheit-2020-gje.jpg|Museum der Kunst und Technik des 19. JahrhundertsFile:Baden-Baden-Brahmshaus-40-Wohnzimmer-2017-gje.jpg|BrahmshausFile:Baden-Baden-Festspielhaus-Alter Bahnhof-72-Suedecke-gje.jpg|Festspielhaus Baden-BadenFile:Baden-Baden-Merkurturm-20-2014-gje.jpg|Mount Merkur, towerFile:Baden-Baden-vom Korbmattfelsen-54-Fremersberg-2021-gje.jpg|Fremersberg TowerFile:Hohenbaden hb.JPG|The Old CastleFile:Baden-Baden-Kurhaus-27-2021-gje.jpg|The and Casino

Twin towns – sister cities

(File:Karlovy Vary sign of its sister cities.jpg|thumb|Sign of Karlovy Vary’s sister cities){{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany}}Baden-Baden is twinned with:WEB, Partnerstädte von Baden-Baden,www.baden-baden.de/stadtportrait/stadt/partnerstaedte/, baden-baden.de, Baden-Baden, de, 2019-11-27, {{div col|colwidth=20em}}

• {{flagicon|CZE}} Karlovy Vary, Czech Republic
• {{flagicon|FRA}} Menton, France
• {{flagicon|ITA}} Moncalieri, Italy
• {{flagicon|RUS}} Sochi, Russia (suspended)
• {{flagicon|UKR}} Yalta, Ukraine

{{div col end}}

Artistic depiction

Baden featured in Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina (under an alias) and Turgenev’s Smoke. Dostoyevsky wrote The Gambler while compulsively gambling at the town’s casino.{{citation |contribution-url=http://cnntraveller.com/2007/05/01/the-russians-are-coming-back/ |contribution=The Russians are Coming (Back) |title=CNN Traveller |publisher=CNN |location=Atlanta |access-date=22 July 2009 |archive-date=23 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071223173818cnntraveller.com/2007/05/01/the-russians-are-coming-back/ |url-status=dead }}The novel Summer in Baden-Baden by Leonid Tsypkin is inspired in Dostoyevsky’s visit to this resort.The 1975 film The Romantic Englishwoman was filmed on location in Baden-Baden, featuring the Brenner’s Park Hotel particularly prominently. The 1997 Bollywood movie Dil To Pagal Hai was also shot in the town.{{Citation needed|date=March 2012}}Baden-Baden is the subject of a pop song by Finnish songwriter Chisu of how the economic woes of Finland could be solved by selling bottled tears to Europe (specifically Baden-Baden).In the second season episode of The Sopranos, “The Happy Wanderer,” Tony Soprano mentions that his friend David Scatino moved to New Jersey from Baden Baden. en.Pseudopedia.org/wiki/List_of_The_Sopranos_characters#Friends_and_family)

Notable people

(File:Emil Kessler.jpg|thumb|140px|Emil Kessler)(File:Francispigou.jpg|thumb|140px|Francis Pigou)(File:Sir G. William Des Voeux.jpg|thumb|140px|Sir William Des VÅ“ux)(File:Anna Zerr Kriehuber.jpg|thumb|140px|Anna Zerr)(File:Antoinette Bower.JPG|thumb|140px|Antoinette Bower, 1961)

Public service & commerce

• Philip II, Margrave of Baden-Baden (1559–1588), Margrave of Baden-Baden, 1571 to 1588
• William, Margrave of Baden-Baden (1593–1677), regent of Baden-Baden, 1621 and 1677
• Ferdinand Maximilian of Baden-Baden (1625–1669), father of the “Türkenlouis” Louis William, Margrave of Baden-Baden
• Friedrich, Freiherr von Zoller (1762–1821), Bavarian lieutenant-general who fought in the Napoleonic Wars
• Emil Kessler (1813–1867), entrepreneur, founder of the Maschinenfabrik Esslingen
• Colonel Francis Mahler (1826–1863), officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War
• Richard Enderlin (1843-1930), Union Army, Medal of Honor recipient for rescuing a fallen comrade during the second day of the Battle of Gettysburg during the American Civil War
• William Hespeler (1830–1921), German-Canadian businessman, immigration agent and a member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba
• Francis Pigou (1832–1916), Anglican priest
• Sir William Des VÅ“ux (1834–1909), British colonial governor, Governor of Fiji (1880–1885), Governor of Newfoundland (1886–1887) and Governor of Hong Kong (1887–1891)DNB12, Des VÅ“ux, William, x,
• Prince Maximilian of Baden (1867–1929), last heir of the Grand Duchy of Baden, a German prince, general and politician
• Louis II, Prince of Monaco (1870–1949), Prince of Monaco from 1922 to 1949
• Wilhelm Brückner (1884–1954), officer and chief adjutant of Adolf Hitler
• Rudolf Höss (1900–1947), Nazi, SS commandant of Auschwitz concentration camp, executed for war crimes
• Leopold Gutterer (1902–1996), Nazi state secretary in the Reich Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda
• Felix Gilbert (1905–1991), German-American historian
• Fritz Suhren (1908–1950), SS Nazi concentration camp commandant executed for war crimes
• Kai Whittaker (born 1985), German CDU politician, member of the Bundestag since 2013

The arts

• Anna Zerr (1822–1881), German operatic soprano
• Eugene Armbruster (1865–1943), New York City photographer, illustrator, writer, and historian
• Paul Nikolaus Cossmann (1869–1942 in Theresienstadt), German journalist
• Hermine Finck (1872–1932), opera singer
• Édouard Risler (1873–1929), French pianist
• Reinhold Schneider (1903–1958), writer
• Franz Zureich (1904–1992), painter
• Antoinette Bower (born 1932), British-American actress
• Tony Marshall (1938-2023), pop and opera singer
• Heinz Bosl (1946–1975), German ballet dancer
• Elmar Hörig (born 1949), radio and television presenter
• Robert HP Platz (born 1951), composer and conductor
• Sabine von Maydell (born 1955), actress and author
• Marc Trillard (born 1955), French writer
• Andreas Heinecke (born 1955), social entrepreneur and creator of Dialogue in the Dark
• Jean-Marc Rochette (born 1956), French painter, illustrator and comics creator.
• Tobias A. Schliessler (born 1958), German cinematographer
• Ann-Marie MacDonald (born 1958), Canadian playwright, novelist, actress and broadcast host
• Stefan Anton Reck (born 1960), German orchestra conductor and painter
• Birgit Stauch (born 1961), German sculptor, works in bronzes, sculptures, sketches and portraits.
• Florian Ballhaus (born 1965), German cinematographer
• Alexandra Kamp (born 1966), German model and actress, grew up in Baden-Baden.

Science

• Franz Carl Müller-Lyer (1857–1916), psychologist and sociologist, eponym of the Müller-Lyer illusion
• Joseph Vollmer (1871–1955), automobile designer, engineer and pioneering tank designer
• Alfred Kühn (1885–1968), zoologist and geneticist
• Frederick Lindemann, 1st Viscount Cherwell (1886–1957), British physicist
• Erich Friedrich Schmidt (1897–1964), German and American-naturalized archaeologist
• Wolfgang Krull (1899–1971), mathematician

Sport

• Marco Grimm (born 1972), football player, 334 pro appearances
• Frank Moser (born 1976), German professional tennis player
• Magdalena Schnurr (born 1992), German ski jumper

See also

• List of reduplicated place names

References

{{reflist}}

Bibliography

• EB9, cs2, Baden (2.), 3, {{harvid, EB, 1878, |pages=226–227 }}
• EB1911, cs2, Baden (Germany), Baden, 3, {{harvid, EB, 1911, |page=184 }}
• {{citation |contribution=Baden-Baden |contribution-url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Baden-Baden-Germany |title=Encyclopædia Britannica Online |url=https://www.britannica.com |date=2015 |access-date=8 October 2015 |ref={{harvid|EB|2015}} }}.

Further reading

• BOOK, Beauties of Baden-Baden, Coghlan’s Guides, F. Coghlan, Charles Francis Coghlan Jr., London, 1858,archive.org/details/bub_gb_UFgBAAAAQAAJ,
• NEWS, Emmrich, Stuart, 36 Hours in Baden-Baden, Germany, The New York Times, 2017-07-20,www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/07/20/travel/what-to-do-36-hours-in-baden-baden-germany.html, 0362-4331, mdy-all,

External links

{{Wikivoyage|Baden-Baden}}{{Commons category|Baden-Baden}}

• {{Official website}} {{in lang|de|es|fr|it|ja|ru|zh}}

{{Germany_districts_baden-württemberg}}{{The Great Spa Towns of Europe}}{{Authority control}}