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{{Short description|Town in Greenland}}

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| subdivision_type = StateKingdom of Denmark}}Countries of the Kingdom of Denmark>Constituent countryAdministrative divisions of Greenland>Municipality| subdivision_type3 = Greenland}}| subdivision_name2 = Qeqertalik| subdivision_name3 = |established_title = Foundedqaasuitsup.gl {{webarchive >url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826182141weblink |date=August 26, 2014 }}|leader_title = MayorSiumut>S)PUBLISHER = STATISTICAL GREENLANDARCHIVE-DATE = 26 JULY 2020URL-STATUS = DEAD, |population_as_of = 2020|postal_code_type = Postal code|postal_code = 3950| unemployment_rate = |website = Western Greenland Time>WGT| utc_offset = -3Western Greenland Summer Time>WGST| utc_offset_DST = -2}}Aasiaat ({{IPA-kl|aːsiaːt}}) or Ausiait, formerly Egedesminde, is a town in the Qeqertalik municipality in western Greenland, located on its namesake island in the heart of Aasiaat Archipelago at the southern end of Disko Bay. With a population of 2,980 as of 2021, it is Greenland's fifth-largest town.(File:Aasiaat 2016 06.jpg|thumb|right|300px|View to Aasiaat.)

Etymology

In Greenlandic, Aasiaat means "Spiders" (). The exact explanation for this is yet to be determined because of the lack of historical facts of the origin of the name. The most common assumption is that when the town was founded as a settlement, spiders were abundant. Alternatively it might be a relic of Inuit mythology, wherein spiders bring good luck. Similar to the rest of Greenland, spiders are rarely seen in the town.Aasiaat is sometimes referred to as the Town of the Whales,WEB,weblink greenland-guide.gl, 2005-08-29,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20130322082331weblink">weblink 2013-03-22, dead, since marine mammals such as whales and seals are a common sight.

History

Native peoples

Archaeological projects in the region have suggested human habitation in the region that includes Aasiaat as far back as the 5th millennium BC. The earliest modern settlers dated to around 1200; these were probably subsistence hunters. These inhabitants hunted harp seals and capelin (ammassaat) near Sydøst Bay in the spring. In the summer, they moved to Nassuttooq for reindeer and halibut. During autumn, the people of Disko Bay returned home to hunt small harp seals. In the winter, the bay froze over, and they hunted narwhals and Beluga whales. These early people designed and built their own kayaks and umiaks when the water freed up; in the winter, they used qamutiiks.

Early history of Aasiaat

(File:Aasiaat-archipelago.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Icebergs stranded in the waterways of the Aasiaat archipelago, Greenland, near the Aasiaat harbor)The settlement that would become Aasiaat was founded in 1759 by Niels Egede, son of Hans Egede, a Norwegian missionary. Named Egedesminde Colony after him, it was located north of Nordre Strømfjord, and was 125 km south of Aasiaat's current location. The town was moved to its current site in 1763. Most villagers were whalers, and the smallpox germs they carried to the region ravaged the native population, especially during the 1770s.

Early 20th century

Aasiaat saw much growth in the first half of the 20th century. In 1932, the town opened the first school in the country which allowed women to obtain secondary education. One of its first graduates was the first woman novelist of Greenland, Mâliâraq Vebæk, who was valedictorian of her graduating class in 1934.JOURNAL, Kleivan, Inge, Mâliâraq Vebæk -forfatteren til den første grønlandske roman skrevet af en kvinde, Tidsskriftet Grønland, 1997, 3, 93–120,weblink 16 October 2017, Mâliâraq Vebæk-author of the first Greenlandic novel written by a woman, The Greenlandic Society,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20160304201725weblink">weblink 4 March 2016, Charlottenlund, Denmark, da, 0017-4556, WEB, Langgård, Karen, Mâliâraq Vebæk (1917 - 2012),weblink KVINFO, Dansk Kvindebiografisk Leksikon, 16 October 2017,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20171016212133weblink">weblink 16 October 2017, Copenhagen, Denmark, da, 2003,

Aasiaat in World War II

On May 3, 1940, a treaty signed in Godhavn allowed American relief airplanes bound for the British Isles to use Greenlandic, Icelandic, and Scottish airspace. A result of World War II was the fact that Denmark, under the control of Nazi Germany, could not freely send supplies to Greenland; this task fell to the United States and Canada. Supplies were stored near Aasiaat, and were then transferred to other towns of the region, such as Uummannaq and Sisimiut.

Post-World War II

Aasiaat has grown much since the war. A weather station was constructed in 1942 by the Americans. Cod, an economically popular fish since the 1930s, were caught and sent to a new factory to be salted and packed. Other businesses sprang up, accommodating to the resources and climate of the region. This boom reached its peak in the 1950s, when a power plant and telecommunications station were installed.In 1998, a new landing strip was opened to the public (previously a heliport was the only aerial facility); it is near a shrimp processing factory. Today, almost 4,800 people live in Aasiaat and its neighboring settlement, Kangaatsiaq.

Geography

(File:Disko-bay.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Icebergs in Disko Bay)The largest island of the Aasiaat Archipelago is Saqqarliup Nunaa, which is uninhabited, but has buildings to accommodate tourists. On the western tip of the island is the abandoned village of Manermiut. As of 2013 the total population of the archipelago is spread among three settlements:BOOK

• The town of Aasiaat (3,142 inhabitants), is located on the namesake island just northwest of Saqqarliup Nunaa.
• The settlement of Akunnaaq (98 inhabitants) is located on the namesake island just northeast of Saqqarliup Nunaa, {{convert|23|km|mi|abbr=on}} east-north-east of Aasiaat.
• The settlement of Kitsissuarsuit (87 inhabitants) is located on the small namesake island (Danish Hunde Ejland, for the village and the island), {{convert|21|km|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of Aasiaat.

Another abandoned village is Vester Ejland on the namesake island, the westernmost of the archipelago, {{convert|29|km|mi|abbr=on}} west-south-west of Aasiaat.

Climate

Aasiaat has a polar climate (Köppen ET) with a July mean of only {{convert|6.8|C|F|1|disp=or}}.{{Weather box|width=auto|location = Aasiaat (normals 1991–2020, extremes 1958–2020)| metric first = Y| single line = Y| Jan high C = -9.2| Feb high C = -12.0| Mar high C = -11.7| Apr high C = -5.0| May high C = 1.5| Jun high C = 6.5| Jul high C = 9.6| Aug high C = 8.4| Sep high C = 4.7| Oct high C = 0.2| Nov high C = -3.2| Dec high C = -5.3| year high C = |Jan mean C = -12.0|Feb mean C = -15.0|Mar mean C = -14.5|Apr mean C = -7.8|May mean C = -0.9|Jun mean C = 3.9|Jul mean C = 6.8|Aug mean C = 6.1|Sep mean C = 3.0|Oct mean C = -1.4|Nov mean C = -5.2|Dec mean C = -7.8| Jan low C = -14.8| Feb low C = -18.0| Mar low C = -17.6| Apr low C = -10.9| May low C = -3.2| Jun low C = 1.5| Jul low C = 4.2| Aug low C = 4.1| Sep low C = 1.4| Oct low C = -3.2| Nov low C = -7.3| Dec low C = -10.2| year low C = | Jan record high C = 8.6| Feb record high C = 8.3| Mar record high C = 8.3| Apr record high C = 8.9| May record high C = 16.0| Jun record high C = 18.6| Jul record high C = 22.0| Aug record high C = 19.8| Sep record high C = 18.4| Oct record high C = 13.0| Nov record high C = 9.7| Dec record high C = 12.2| year record high C = | Jan record low C = -36.8| Feb record low C = -38.2| Mar record low C = -36.9| Apr record low C = -31.0| May record low C = -20.0| Jun record low C = -7.2| Jul record low C = -2.6| Aug record low C = -3.5| Sep record low C = -7.0| Oct record low C = -15.5| Nov record low C = -24.0| Dec record low C = -34.4| year record low C = | precipitation colour = green| Jan precipitation mm = 28.1| Feb precipitation mm = 17.6| Mar precipitation mm = 17.8| Apr precipitation mm = 19.6| May precipitation mm = 18.6| Jun precipitation mm = 21.7| Jul precipitation mm = 25.7| Aug precipitation mm = 45.8| Sep precipitation mm = 33.7| Oct precipitation mm = 36.5| Nov precipitation mm = 33.8| Dec precipitation mm = 31.7| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm| Jan precipitation days = 8.4| Feb precipitation days = 4.8| Mar precipitation days = 5.0| Apr precipitation days = 5.2| May precipitation days = 4.4| Jun precipitation days = 4.6| Jul precipitation days = 4.8| Aug precipitation days = 7.2| Sep precipitation days = 7.3| Oct precipitation days = 8.8| Nov precipitation days = 9.6| Dec precipitation days = 10.0| unit snow days = 1 cm| Jan snow days = 11.6| Feb snow days = 9.9| Mar snow days = 11.5| Apr snow days = 11.0| May snow days = 8.5| Jun snow days = 3.9| Jul snow days = 0.3| Aug snow days = 0.4| Sep snow days = 4.8| Oct snow days = 12.3| Nov snow days = 14.9| Dec snow days = 14.2| year snow days =| Jan humidity =76.5| Feb humidity =77.7| Mar humidity =78.4| Apr humidity =78.7| May humidity =81.5| Jun humidity =83.7| Jul humidity =84.5| Aug humidity =85.7| Sep humidity =80.7| Oct humidity =78.1| Nov humidity =76.7| Dec humidity =76.4WEBSITE=DMIACCESS-DATE=2023-03-01, CLIMATOLOGICAL STANDARD NORMALS 1991-2020 GREENLAND>URL=HTTPS://WWW.DMI.DK/FILEADMIN/RAPPORTER/2021/DMI_REPORT_21_12_GREENLAND.PDFACCESS-DATE=2023-03-01, Danish Meteorological Institute {{Webarchiveweblink >date=2013-06-30 }} {{in lang|da}}}}

Population

With 3,069 inhabitants as of 2020, Aasiaat is the largest town in the Qeqertalik municipality.WEB, Population by Localities,weblink Statistical Greenland, 7 April 2020, 26 July 2020,weblink dead, The population has fluctuated considerably over the last two decades, decreasing 3% relative to the 2001 levels and increasing more than 10% relative to the 2008 levels.{{wide image|Aasiaat-population-dynamics.png|1000px|alt=Aasiaat population dynamics|Aasiaat population growth dynamics, 1991-2010. Source: Statistics Greenland}}

Education

Aasiaat has four schools: a regular school (Gammeqarfik), a highschool (GU-Aasiaat), a vocational school (Piarersarfik),WEB,weblink GU Aasiaat, 2018-09-29,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20060628091352weblink">weblink 2006-06-28, dead, and a school for the mentally disabled (Ado Lyngep Atuarfia).

Economy

Fishing of shrimp and crabs, shipbuilding, and tourism are the primary economic activities of the region. The archipelago area offers many services for tourists, including kayaking, cross-country skiing, dogsledding, and whale-watching.WEB,weblink Aasiaat Tourist Service, 2005-08-29,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20110522051341weblink">weblink 2011-05-22, dead,

Tourist attractions

• Aasiaat Museum

Transport

Aasiaat is a port of call for the Arctic Umiaq Line coastal ship and Diskoline.gl (domestic passenger ships for disko bay). Aasiaat harbour functions as well as a hub for regional shipping. The town is also served by Aasiaat Airport with direct connections to Ilulissat and other settlements in the country and Disko Bay region, as well as the Air Greenland hub in Kangerlussuaq. Air Iceland occasionally arrange charter flights for the travel industry.

Community events

Aasiaat has several recurrent events which engage most of the inhabitants and visitors."Maaji-mi Peqqissuusa" (let's stay healthy in May) is an arrangement with focus on activities which will improve one's health and is based on volunteer organizers.Aasiaat Midnightsun Marathon takes place in late June with different distances with start/finish in the town square with live music.Nipiaa Rock Festival is usually a 3-day long concert with various musicians. It is known as the best musical event in Greenland. The Rock Festival takes place in the Sportshall at the end of August/beginning of September.

References

{{commons category|Aasiaat}}{{Reflist}}{{Settlements in Greenland}}{{Abandoned sites in Greenland}}{{Municipal seats of Greenland}}{{Authority control}}