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Trinity College, Cambridge
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{{short description|Constituent college of the University of Cambridge in England}}{{distinguish|Trinity Hall, Cambridge}}{{Use British English|date=February 2017}}{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
- it has been imported raw for GetWiki
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| FIRST=SIMON | DATE=4 AUGUST 2008 | ISBN=9781906032319, Google Books, | motto_English = Virtue is true nobility| founder = Henry VIII of England | Trinity>The Holy Trinity | King’s Hall, Cambridge>King’s Hall and Michaelhouse (until merged in 1546) | Trinity Street, Cambridge>Trinity Street (map) | head_label = Master | Sally Davies (doctor)>Dame Sally Davies | vice_head_label= Vice-Master| vice_head = Professor Louise Merrett | Catherine BarnardFELLOWS OF TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE | ACCESS-DATE=26 APRIL 2023 | ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20211108102132/HTTPS://WWW.TRIN.CAM.AC.UK/FELLOWS/MASTER-FELLOWS/, live, | undergraduates = 735 (2022-23)| graduates = 336 (2022-23)| sister_college = Christ Church, Oxford | trin.cam.ac.uk/}}| jcr_label = Students’ union | www.tcsu.net/}}| mcr_label = BA society | basociety.net/}} | £]]2bn (2022)HTTPS://REGISTER-OF-CHARITIES.CHARITYCOMMISSION.GOV.UK/CHARITY-SEARCH?P_P_ID=UK_GOV_CCEW_ONEREG_CHARITYDETAILS_WEB_PORTLET_CHARITYDETAILSPORTLET&P_P_LIFECYCLE=2&P_P_STATE=MAXIMIZED&P_P_MODE=VIEW&P_P_RESOURCE_ID=%2FACCOUNTS-RESOURCE&P_P_CACHEABILITY=CACHELEVELPAGE&_UK_GOV_CCEW_ONEREG_CHARITYDETAILS_WEB_PORTLET_CHARITYDETAILSPORTLET_OBJECTIVEID=A13172304&_UK_GOV_CCEW_ONEREG_CHARITYDETAILS_WEB_PORTLET_CHARITYDETAILSPORTLET_PRIV_R_P_MVCRENDERCOMMANDNAME=%2FACCOUNTS-AND-ANNUAL-RETURNS&_UK_GOV_CCEW_ONEREG_CHARITYDETAILS_WEB_PORTLET_CHARITYDETAILSPORTLET_PRIV_R_P_ORGANISATIONNUMBER=3942860>TITLE=TRINITY COLLEGE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, 2 June 2023, | location_map = United Kingdom Cambridge Central| location_map2 = United Kingdom Cambridge | missing image! - Tudor Crown (Heraldry).svg>15px|baseline) Charles III, The Crown ex officio}}Trinity College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge.WEB, Walker, Timea, 2022-01-21, Trinity College,www.undergraduate.study.cam.ac.uk/colleges/trinity-college, 2022-11-02, www.undergraduate.study.cam.ac.uk, en, Founded in 1546 by King Henry VIII, Trinity is one of the largest Cambridge colleges,NEWS, Kirk, Ashley, Peck, Sally, 1 October 2019, Why Trinity is the best Cambridge college, according to our Oxbridge league table, en-GB, The Telegraph,www.telegraph.co.uk/education-and-careers/2019/10/01/trinity-best-cambridge-college-according-oxbridge-league-table/, live, 24 March 2021,web.archive.org/web/20200220033126/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/education-and-careers/2019/10/01/trinity-best-cambridge-college-according-oxbridge-league-table/, 20 February 2020, 0307-1235, with the largest financial endowment of any Oxbridge college. Trinity performs exceptionally as measured by the Tompkins Table (the annual unofficial league table of Cambridge colleges), coming top from 2011 to 2017.WEB,www.varsity.co.uk/news/17736, Exclusive: Christ’s triumphant in 2019 Tompkins Table, 7 February 2021, 7 November 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201107233512/https://www.varsity.co.uk/news/17736, live, Trinity was the top-performing college for the 2020–21 undergraduate exams, obtaining the highest percentage of good honours.WEB,www.information-hub.admin.cam.ac.uk/university-profile/ug-examination-results/results-college-dashboard, Results by College Dashboard, 15 August 2018, Members of Trinity have been awarded 34 Nobel Prizes out of the 121 received by members of the University of Cambridge (the highest of any college at either Oxford or Cambridge).WEB, Research at Cambridge/Nobel Prize,www.cam.ac.uk/research/research-at-cambridge/nobel-prize, University of Cambridge, 28 January 2013, 8 August 2021, 28 January 2017,web.archive.org/web/20170128192532/https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/research-at-cambridge/nobel-prize, live, Members of the college have received four Fields Medals, one Turing Award and one Abel Prize.WEB, Famous Trinity College Medallists and Prize Winners,www.trin.cam.ac.uk/alumni/famous-trinity-alumni/medallists-and-prize-winners/, 28 August 2020, Trin.cam.ac.uk, 28 November 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201128062642/https://www.trin.cam.ac.uk/alumni/famous-trinity-alumni/medallists-and-prize-winners/, dead, Six British prime ministers (the highest of any Cambridge college) and two members of the British royal family have studied at Trinity and been awarded degrees.NEWS, Atkin, Elizabeth, Where did King Charles III go to school? His Majesty’s education explained,metro.co.uk/2022/09/23/where-did-king-charles-go-to-school-his-majestys-education-explained-17438701, 2 December 2022, Metro, 21 September 2022, Trinity is also the largest Oxbridge college measured by the number of undergraduates (730), and has 300 graduate students and 180 fellows.Trinity’s many college societies include the Trinity Mathematical Society, the oldest mathematical university society in the United Kingdom, and the First and Third Trinity Boat Club, its rowing club which gives its name to the May ball. Along with Christ’s, Jesus, King’s and St John’s colleges, it has provided several well-known members of the Cambridge Apostles, an intellectual “secret society”. In 1848, Trinity hosted the meeting at which Cambridge undergraduates representing fee-paying private schools codified the early rules of Association football, known as the Cambridge Rules.BOOK,books.google.com/books?id=i32zcifYgEgC&q=%22association+football%22+trinity+college&pg=PA3, The World’s Game: A History of Soccer, 9780252067181, Murray, Bill, Murray, William J, 1 January 1998, University of Illinois Press, 22 November 2020, 1 May 2022,web.archive.org/web/20220501050731/https://books.google.com/books?id=i32zcifYgEgC&q=%22association+football%22+trinity+college&pg=PA3, live, Trinity’s sister college is Christ Church, Oxford. Trinity has been linked with Westminster School since the school’s re-foundation in 1560, and its Master is an ex officio governor of the school.WEB,intranet.westminster.org.uk/lists/whoswho/governors.asp, Westminster School Intranet, Intranet.westminster.org.uk, 25 March 2010, dead,intranet.westminster.org.uk/lists/whoswho/governors.asp," title="archive.today/20120713102645intranet.westminster.org.uk/lists/whoswho/governors.asp,">archive.today/20120713102645intranet.westminster.org.uk/lists/whoswho/governors.asp, 13 July 2012, HistoryFile:Cambridge 1575 colour Trinity College.jpg -FoundationThe college was founded by Henry VIII in 1546, from the merger of two existing colleges: Michaelhouse (founded by Hervey de Stanton in 1324), and King’s Hall (established by Edward II in 1317 and refounded by Edward III in 1337). At the time, Henry had been seizing (Catholic) church lands from abbeys and monasteries. The universities of Oxford and Cambridge, being both religious institutions and quite rich, expected to be next in line. The King duly passed an Act of Parliament that allowed him to suppress (and confiscate the property of) any college he wished. The universities used their contacts to plead with his sixth wife, Catherine Parr. The Queen persuaded her husband not to close them down, but to create a new college. The king did not want to use royal funds, so he instead combined two colleges (King’s Hall and Michaelhouse) and seven hostels to form Trinity.Nevile’s expansionFile:Trinity College Cambridge 1690.jpg|thumb|left|300px|David Loggan’s print of 1690 showing Nevile’s Great Court (foreground) and Nevile’s Court with the then-new Wren Library (background) – New Court had yet to be built.]]The monastic lands granted by Henry VIII were not on their own sufficient to ensure Trinity’s eventual rise. In terms of architecture and royal association, it was not until the Mastership of Thomas Nevile (1593–1615) that Trinity assumed both its spaciousness and its association with the governing class that distinguished it since the Civil War. In its infancy Trinity had owed a great deal to its neighbouring college of St John’s: in the words of Roger Ascham, Trinity was a colonia deducta.WEB,www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=66656#s20, The colleges and halls – Trinity College | British History Online, British-history.ac.uk, 25 March 2010, 26 May 2011,www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=66656#s20," title="web.archive.org/web/20110526040047www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=66656#s20,">web.archive.org/web/20110526040047www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=66656#s20, live, Most of Trinity’s major buildings date from the 16th and 17th centuries. Thomas Nevile, who became Master of Trinity in 1593, rebuilt and redesigned much of the college. This work included the enlargement and completion of Great Court and the construction of Nevile’s Court between Great Court and the river Cam. Nevile’s Court was completed in the late 17th century with the Wren Library, designed by Christopher Wren. Nevile’s building campaign drove the college into debt from which it surfaced only in the 1640s, and the Mastership of Richard Bentley adversely affected applications and finances. Bentley himself was notorious for the construction of a hugely expensive staircase in the Master’s Lodge and for his repeated refusals to step down despite pleas from the Fellows. Besides, despite not being a sister college of Trinity College in Dublin, as is the case with Saint John’s College, Cambridge, it is believed that the Irish institution takes its name from this college, which was the alma mater of its first provost, Adam Loftus and, likewise, from the Oxford college of the same name.Modern day(File:Cambridge Science Park rear entrance.jpg|thumb|Trinity established Cambridge Science Park, the UK’s first science park, in 1970.)(File:cmglee_Cambridge_Trinity_College_Remembrance_Service_2018.jpg|thumb|upright|Remembrance Service at the Great Court in 2018.)In the 20th century, Trinity College, St John’s College and King’s College were for decades the main recruiting grounds for the Cambridge Apostles, an elite, intellectual secret society. In 2011, the John Templeton Foundation awarded Trinity College’s Master, the astrophysicist Martin Rees, its controversial million-poundNEWS,www.theguardian.com/science/2011/apr/06/martin-rees-templeton-prize, Martin Rees wins controversial £1m prize, The Guardian, 6 April 2011, 29 February 2012, Ian, Sample, 30 September 2013,www.theguardian.com/science/2011/apr/06/martin-rees-templeton-prize," title="web.archive.org/web/20130930041826www.theguardian.com/science/2011/apr/06/martin-rees-templeton-prize,">web.archive.org/web/20130930041826www.theguardian.com/science/2011/apr/06/martin-rees-templeton-prize, live, Templeton Prize, for “affirming life’s spiritual dimension”. Trinity is the richest Oxbridge college with a landholding alone worth £800 million.WEB,www.theguardian.com/education/2018/may/28/oxford-and-cambridge-university-colleges-hold-21bn-in-riches, Oxford and Cambridge university colleges hold £21bn in riches, TheGuardian.com, 28 May 2018, 20 May 2019, 30 October 2021,web.archive.org/web/20211030012504/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2018/may/28/oxford-and-cambridge-university-colleges-hold-21bn-in-riches, live, For comparison, the second richest college in Cambridge (St. John’s) has estimated assets of around £780 million, and the richest college in Oxford (Magdalen) has about £940 million.NEWS,www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/9046781/Cambridges-Trinity-College-buys-50pc-stake-in-Tesco-stores.html, Cambridge’s Trinity College buys 50pc stake in Tesco stores, 28 January 2012, 29 February 2012, Daily Telegraph, Graham, Ruddick, 6 February 2012,www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/9046781/Cambridges-Trinity-College-buys-50pc-stake-in-Tesco-stores.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20120206160759www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/9046781/Cambridges-Trinity-College-buys-50pc-stake-in-Tesco-stores.html,">web.archive.org/web/20120206160759www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/9046781/Cambridges-Trinity-College-buys-50pc-stake-in-Tesco-stores.html, live, In 2005, Trinity’s annual rental income from its properties was reported to be in excess of £20 million. Trinity has some of the most distinctive architecture in Cambridge with its Great Court said to be the largest enclosed courtyard in Europe.Stephen Brewer, Donald Olson (2006). Best Day Trips from London: 25 Great Escapes by Train, Bus Or Car. Frommer’s. p. 56. {{ISBN|0-470-04453-5}}. The college owns:
LegendsLord Byron purportedly kept a pet bear whilst living in the college.WEB,www.internationalbyronsociety.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=7, University, International Byron Society, 25 March 2010, dead,www.internationalbyronsociety.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=7," title="web.archive.org/web/20110726181932www.internationalbyronsociety.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=7,">web.archive.org/web/20110726181932www.internationalbyronsociety.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=7, 26 July 2011, Trinity is also often cited as the inventor of an English version of crème brûlée, known as “Trinity burnt cream”.WEB,thefoody.com/pudding/burntcream.html, Cambridge Trinity Burnt Cream,thefoody.com/pudding/burntcream.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20100114110606thefoody.com/pudding/burntcream.html,">web.archive.org/web/20100114110606thefoody.com/pudding/burntcream.html, 14 January 2010, thefoody.com, WEB, TRINITY BURNT CREAM,www.trin.cam.ac.uk/about/historical-overview/trinity-burnt-cream/, Trinity College, Cambridge, 17 February 2020, 2 March 2020,web.archive.org/web/20200302173304/https://www.trin.cam.ac.uk/about/historical-overview/trinity-burnt-cream/, live,Trinity in CamberwellTrinity College has a long-standing relationship with the Parish of St George’s, Camberwell,WEB,www.dswark.org/parishes/051l.htm, Diocese of Southwark:Parishes,www.dswark.org/parishes/051l.htm," title="web.archive.org/web/20040904051226www.dswark.org/parishes/051l.htm,">web.archive.org/web/20040904051226www.dswark.org/parishes/051l.htm, 4 September 2004, Diocese of Southwark, in South London. Students from the College have helped to run holiday schemes for children from the parish since 1966. The relationship was formalised in 1979 with the establishment of Trinity in Camberwell as a registered charity.WEB,www.charity-commission.gov.uk/, Charity Commission Homepage, Charity-commission.gov.uk, 21 May 2007, 25 March 2010,www.charity-commission.gov.uk/," title="web.archive.org/web/20100402222408www.charity-commission.gov.uk/,">web.archive.org/web/20100402222408www.charity-commission.gov.uk/, 2 April 2010, dead,Buildings and grounds(File:Historical plan of Trinity College, Cambridge (1897) - cambridgedescri00atkiuoft 0571.png|thumb|400px|A historical plan of the development of Trinity College by 1897.)Great GateThe Great Gate is the main entrance to the college, leading to the Great Court. A statue of the college founder, Henry VIII, stands in a niche above the doorway. In 1983, Trinity College undergraduate Lance Anisfeld, then Vice-President of CURLS (Cambridge Union Raving Loony Society) replaced the chair leg with a bicycle pump. Once discovered the following day, the college removed the pump and replaced it with another chair leg. The original chair leg was auctioned off by TV Presenter Chris Serle at a Cambridge Union Society charity raffle in 1985. In 2023, the college replaced the chair leg with a sceptre to mark the 75th birthday of Charles III, an alumnus of the college.NEWS,www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-cambridgeshire-67420099, Trinity College statue’s chair leg replaced with sceptre, BBC News, 14 November 2023,web.archive.org/web/20231208174358/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-cambridgeshire-67420099, 8 December 2023, In 1704, the University’s first astronomical observatory was built on top of the gatehouse. Beneath the founder’s statue are the coats of arms of Edward III, the founder of King’s Hall, and those of his five sons who survived to maturity, as well as William of Hatfield, whose shield is blank as he died as an infant, before being granted arms.WEB,www.trin.cam.ac.uk/node/1162, Trinity Tour, Trin.cam.ac.uk, 1 July 2016,www.trin.cam.ac.uk/node/1162," title="web.archive.org/web/20160703231958www.trin.cam.ac.uk/node/1162,">web.archive.org/web/20160703231958www.trin.cam.ac.uk/node/1162, 3 July 2016, dead,Great Court{{further|Trinity Great Court}}Great Court (built 1599–1608) was the brainchild of Thomas Nevile, who demolished several existing buildings on this site, including almost the entirety of the former college of Michaelhouse. The sole remaining building of Michaelhouse was replaced by the then current Kitchens (designed by James Essex) in 1770–1775. The Master’s Lodge is the official residence of the Sovereign when in Cambridge. King’s Hostel (built 1377–1416) is located to the north of Great Court, behind the clock tower. This is, along with the King’s Gate, the sole remaining building from King’s Hall. Bishop’s Hostel (built 1671) is a detached building to the southwest of Great Court, and named after John Hacket, Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry. Additional buildings were built in 1878 by Arthur Blomfield.Nevile’s CourtFile:Cmglee Cambridge Trinity College Neviles Court.jpg|thumb|left|The Wren Library at Nevile’s Court.]]Nevile’s Court (built 1614) is located between Great Court and the river, this court was created by a bequest by the college’s master, Thomas Nevile, originally two-thirds of its current length and without the Wren Library. The court was extended and the appearance of the upper floor remodelled slightly in 1758 by James Essex. Cloisters run around the court, providing sheltered walkways from the rear of Great Hall to the college library and reading room as well as the Wren Library and New Court.(File:WrenLibraryInterior.jpg|thumb|Wren Library interior, showing the limewood carvings by Grinling Gibbons.)Wren Library (built 1676–1695, Christopher Wren) is located at the west end of Nevile’s Court, the Wren is one of Cambridge’s most famous and well-endowed libraries. Among its notable possessions are two of Shakespeare’s First Folios, a 14th-century manuscript of The Vision of Piers Plowman, letters written by Sir Isaac Newton, and the Eadwine Psalter.WEB,www.trin.cam.ac.uk/library/home/, Library, Below the building are the pleasant Wren Library Cloisters, where students may enjoy a fine view of the Great Hall in front of them, and the river and Backs directly behind.New CourtNew Court (or King’s Court; built 1825, William Wilkins) is located to the south of Nevile’s Court, and built in Tudor-Gothic style; this court is notable for the large tree in the centre. A myth is sometimes circulated that this was the tree from which the apple dropped onto Isaac Newton; in fact, Newton was at home in Woolsthorpe when he deduced his theory of gravity – and the tree is a horse chestnut tree.WEB,alumni.trin.cam.ac.uk/document.doc?id=101, Trinity College Cambridge, “The Fountain”, Issue 14, Spring 2012, p.12, 29 May 2013, 6 June 2014,alumni.trin.cam.ac.uk/document.doc?id=101," title="web.archive.org/web/20140606220447alumni.trin.cam.ac.uk/document.doc?id=101,">web.archive.org/web/20140606220447alumni.trin.cam.ac.uk/document.doc?id=101, live, WEB,www.pitchcare.com/news-media/dutch-master.html, Trinity College Cambridge – Dutch Master, 18 January 2019, 19 May 2023, For many years it was the custom for students to place a bicycle high in branches of the tree of New Court. Usually invisible except in winter, when the leaves had fallen, such bicycles tended to remain for several years before being removed by the authorities. The students then inserted another bicycle.Other courts(File:cmglee Cambridge Trinity College Whewells Court.jpg|thumb|left|Whewell’s Court north range)Whewell’s Court (1860–1868, Anthony Salvin)WEB, Whewell’s Court, Trinity College,www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-47282-trinity-college-whewell-s-court-whewell-s, British Listed Buildings, English Heritage, 21 March 2014, 22 March 2014,www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-47282-trinity-college-whewell-s-court-whewell-s," title="web.archive.org/web/20140322002130www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-47282-trinity-college-whewell-s-court-whewell-s,">web.archive.org/web/20140322002130www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-47282-trinity-college-whewell-s-court-whewell-s, live, is located across the street from Great Court, and was entirely paid for by William Whewell, the Master of the college from 1841 until his death in 1866. The north range was later remodelled by W.D. Caroe. Angel Court (built 1957–1959, H. C. Husband) is located between Great Court and Trinity Street, and is used along with the Wolfson Building for accommodating first year students.The Wolfson Building (built 1968–1972, Architects’ Co-Partnership) is located to the south of Whewell’s Court, on top of a podium above shops, this building resembles a brick-clad ziggurat, and is used exclusively for first-year accommodation. Having been renovated during the academic year 2005–06, rooms are now all en-suite. Blue Boar Court (built 1989, MJP Architects) is located to the south of the Wolfson Building, on top of podium a floor up from ground level, and including the upper floors of several surrounding Georgian buildings on Trinity Street, Green Street and Sidney Street. Burrell’s Field (built 1995, MJP Architects) is located on a site to the west of the main College buildings, opposite the Cambridge University Library.WEB,www.mjparchitects.co.uk/index.php?show=Burrells_Field_%3Cbr%3ETrinity_College,%3Cbr%3E_Cambridge, MJP Architects, MJP Architects, 25 March 2010, 27 May 2011,www.mjparchitects.co.uk/index.php?show=Burrells_Field_%3Cbr%3ETrinity_College,%3Cbr%3E_Cambridge," title="web.archive.org/web/20110527112505www.mjparchitects.co.uk/index.php?show=Burrells_Field_%3Cbr%3ETrinity_College,%3Cbr%3E_Cambridge,">web.archive.org/web/20110527112505www.mjparchitects.co.uk/index.php?show=Burrells_Field_%3Cbr%3ETrinity_College,%3Cbr%3E_Cambridge, live,ChapelFile:Trinity College, Cambridge - chapel.jpg|thumb|upright|Inside Trinity College Chapel ]]Trinity College Chapel dates from the mid 16th century and is Grade I listed.Trinity College, the Buildings Surrounding Great Court, Nevile’s Court and New Court, and Including – Cambridge – Cambridgeshire – England {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014025152www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-47269-trinity-college-the-buildings-surrounding |date=14 October 2013}}. British Listed Buildings. Retrieved on 24 August 2013. There are a number of memorials to former Fellows of Trinity within the Chapel, including statues, brasses, and two memorials to graduates and Fellows who died during the World Wars.Index of memorials in Trinity College Chapel and Ante-Chapel {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130719212910trinitycollegechapel.com/about/memorials/memorials-index/ |date=19 July 2013}}. Trinity College Chapel. Retrieved on 24 August 2013. Among the most notable of these is a statue of Isaac Newton by Roubiliac, described by Sir Francis Chantrey as “the noblest, I think, of all our English statues.“WEB,trinitycollegechapel.com/about/memorials/statues/newton/, Trinity College Chapel – Isaac Newton, trinitycollegechapel.com, 9 July 2019, 17 July 2019,trinitycollegechapel.com/about/memorials/statues/newton/," title="web.archive.org/web/20190717043100trinitycollegechapel.com/about/memorials/statues/newton/,">web.archive.org/web/20190717043100trinitycollegechapel.com/about/memorials/statues/newton/, live, The Chapel is a performance space for the College Choir which comprises around thirty Choral Scholars and two Organ Scholars, all of whom are ordinarily students at the University.WEB,www.trinitycollegechoir.com/about/, Trinity College Choir – About, www.trinitycollegechoir.com, 1 August 2013, 29 September 2013,www.trinitycollegechoir.com/about/," title="web.archive.org/web/20130929234018www.trinitycollegechoir.com/about/,">web.archive.org/web/20130929234018www.trinitycollegechoir.com/about/, live,GroundsThe Fellows’ Garden is located on the west side of Queen’s Road, opposite the drive that leads to the Backs. The Fellows’ Bowling Green is located north of Great Court, between King’s Hostel and the river. It is the site for many of the tutors’ garden parties in the summer months, while the Master’s Garden is located behind the Master’s Lodge. The Old Fields are located on the western side of Grange Road, next to Burrell’s Field. It currently houses the college’s gym, changing rooms, squash courts, badminton courts, rugby, hockey and football pitches along with tennis and netball courts.Trinity Bridge(File:Trinity Bridge (geograph 5157201).jpg|thumb|Trinity Bridge)Trinity Bridge is a stone built triple-arched road bridge across the River Cam. It was built of Portland stone in 1765 to the designs of James Essex to replace an earlier bridge built in 1651 and is a Grade I listed building.{{NHLE|num=1331804|desc=TRINITY COLLEGE, TRINITY BRIDGE |access-date= 13 April 2017}}GalleryFile:TrinityCollegeCamGreatGate.jpg|Great GateFile:Clock Tower, Great Court, Trinity College, Cambridge.jpg|Clock TowerFile:ISH WC Trinity2.jpg|Fellows’ Bowling Green, with the oldest building in the college in the background.File:cmglee_Cambridge_Trinity_College_Old_Kitchen.jpg|Old Kitchen set up for a formal dinner.File:cmglee_Cambridge_Trinity_College_New_Court_doorway.jpg|New Court after 2016 refurbishment.File:River Cam green.JPG|The River Cam as it flows past the back of Trinity, Trinity Bridge is visible and the punt house is to the right of the moored punts.File:cmglee_Cambridge_Trinity_College_avenue.jpg|The Avenue of lime and cherry trees, and wrought iron gate to Queen’s Road viewed from the Backs.File:cmglee_Cambridge_Trinity_College_Fellows_Garden_sundial_shelter.jpg|Sundial and shelter at the Fellows’ Garden.File:cmglee_Cambridge_Trinity_College_Burrells_Field_axis.jpg|1995 development of Burrell’s Field.File:cmglee_Cambridge_Trinity_College_Blue_Boar_Court.jpg|Blue Boar Court, with the Wolfson Building in the background.Academic profileOver the last twenty years, the college has always come at least eighth in the Tompkins Table, which ranks the twenty-nine Cambridge colleges according to the academic performance of their undergraduates, and for the last six occasions it has been in first place. Its average position in the Tompkins Table over that period has been between second and third, higher than any other. In 2016, 45% of Trinity undergraduates achieved Firsts, twelve percentage points ahead of second place Pembroke – a recent record among Cambridge colleges.WEB,www.varsity.co.uk/news/10514, The Tompkins Table 2016: Christ’s has risen, 10 December 2016, 28 November 2016,www.varsity.co.uk/news/10514," title="web.archive.org/web/20161128171910www.varsity.co.uk/news/10514,">web.archive.org/web/20161128171910www.varsity.co.uk/news/10514, live,AdmissionsTrinity’s history, academic performance and alumni have made it one of the most prestigious constituent colleges of the University, making admission extremely competitive. About 50% of Trinity’s undergraduates attended independent schools. In 2006 it accepted a smaller proportion of students from state schools (39%) than any other Cambridge college, and on a rolling three-year average it has admitted a smaller proportion of state school pupils (42%) than any other college at either Cambridge or Oxford.WEB,www.admin.cam.ac.uk/reporter/2006-07/special/11/table7.pdf, Cambridge 2005/2006 admissions statistics by college, 28 February 2012, 12 June 2012,www.admin.cam.ac.uk/reporter/2006-07/special/11/table7.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20120612032653www.admin.cam.ac.uk/reporter/2006-07/special/11/table7.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20120612032653www.admin.cam.ac.uk/reporter/2006-07/special/11/table7.pdf, live, WEB,www.admin.cam.ac.uk/reporter/2005-06/special/11/table7.pdf, Cambridge 2004/2005 admissions statistics by college, 28 February 2012, 4 March 2016,www.admin.cam.ac.uk/reporter/2005-06/special/11/table7.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20160304051221www.admin.cam.ac.uk/reporter/2005-06/special/11/table7.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20160304051221www.admin.cam.ac.uk/reporter/2005-06/special/11/table7.pdf, live, WEB,www.ox.ac.uk/about_the_university/facts_and_figures/undergraduate_admissions_statistics/school_type.html, Oxford 3-year average admissions statistics by college, 1 August 2013, dead,www.ox.ac.uk/about_the_university/facts_and_figures/undergraduate_admissions_statistics/school_type.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20130802013322www.ox.ac.uk/about_the_university/facts_and_figures/undergraduate_admissions_statistics/school_type.html,">web.archive.org/web/20130802013322www.ox.ac.uk/about_the_university/facts_and_figures/undergraduate_admissions_statistics/school_type.html, 2 August 2013, According to the Good Schools Guide, about 7% of British school-age students attend private schools, although this figure refers to students in all school years – a higher proportion attend private schools in their final two years before university. Trinity states that it disregards what type of school its applicants attend, and accepts students solely on the basis of their academic prospects. Trinity admitted its first woman graduate student in 1976 and its first woman undergraduate in 1978. It elected its first female fellow (Marian Hobson) in 1977.WEB, Trinity College, Cambridge,www.trin.cam.ac.uk/about/history/20th-century-present, Trinity College Cambridge – 20th Century to Present, Trin.cam.ac.uk, 1 July 2016,www.trin.cam.ac.uk/about/history/20th-century-present," title="web.archive.org/web/20160702194201www.trin.cam.ac.uk/about/history/20th-century-present,">web.archive.org/web/20160702194201www.trin.cam.ac.uk/about/history/20th-century-present, 2 July 2016, dead,Scholarships and prizesFile:StatueOfIsaacNewton.jpg|thumb|left|upright|The statue of Sir Isaac NewtonSir Isaac NewtonThe Scholars, together with the Master and Fellows, make up the Foundation of the College. In order of seniority:
TraditionsGreat Court RunFile:cmglee Cambridge Trinity College Great Court.jpg|thumb|400px|Great Court, with (from left to right) the dining hall, Master’s Lodge, fountain, clock tower, chapel and Great Gate.]]The Great Court Run requires a circuit of the 400-yard perimeter of Great Court, in the 43 seconds of the clock striking 12. The time varies according to humidity. Students traditionally attempt to complete the circuit on the day of the Matriculation Dinner. It is a difficult challenge: one needs to be a fine sprinter to achieve it, but it is not necessary to be of Olympic standard, despite assertions made in the press.Student breaks ‘Chariots of Fire’ record {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220710062921www.thetimes.co.uk/ |date=10 July 2022 }} Times Online article. 27 October 2007.It is widely believed that Sebastian Coe successfully completed the run when he beat Steve Cram in a charity race in October 1988. Coe’s time on 29 October 1988 was reported by Norris McWhirter to have been 45.52 seconds, but it was actually 46.0 seconds, while Cram’s was 46.3 seconds. The clock on that day took 44.4 seconds and the video film confirms that Coe was some 12 metres short of the finish line when the final stroke occurred. The television commentators were wrong to speculate that the dying sounds of the bell could be included in the striking time, thereby allowing Coe’s run to be claimed as successful. One reason Olympic runners Cram and Coe found the challenge difficult is that they started at the middle of one side of the court, having to negotiate four right-angle turns. In the days when students started at a corner, only three turns were needed. In addition, Cram and Coe ran entirely on the flagstones, while until 2017 students have typically cut corners to run on the cobbles.WEB, Great Court Run reverts to tradition,www.trin.cam.ac.uk/news/great-court-run-reverts-to-tradition/, Trinity College Cambridge, 7 February 2022, 11 October 2017, 7 February 2022,web.archive.org/web/20220207025947/https://www.trin.cam.ac.uk/news/great-court-run-reverts-to-tradition/, live, The Great Court Run was portrayed in the film Chariots of Fire about the British Olympic runners of 1924. The run was filmed at Eton College in Berkshire, not in Great Court. Until the mid-1990s, the run was traditionally attempted by first-year students at midnight following their matriculation dinner.“Runners’ latest attempt to beat the college clock” {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015230712www.itv.com/news/anglia/2015-10-13/runners-latest-attempt-to-beat-the-college-clock/ |date=15 October 2015 }}, ITV News, 13 October 2015 Following a number of accidents to undergraduates running on slippery cobbles, the college now organises a more formal Great Court Run, at 12 noon on the day of the matriculation dinner: while some contestants compete seriously, many others run in fancy dress and there are prizes for the fastest man and woman in each category.“Great Court run reverts to tradition” {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220710062931www.trin.cam.ac.uk/news/great-court-run-reverts-to-tradition/ |date=10 July 2022 }}, Trinity College, 11 October 2017Open-air concertsOne Sunday each June, the College Choir perform a short concert immediately after the clock strikes noon. Known as Singing from the Towers, half of the choir sings from the top of the Great Gate, while the other half sings from the top of the Clock Tower approximately 60 metres away, giving a strong antiphonal effect. Midway through the concert, the Cambridge University Brass Ensemble performs from the top of the Queen’s Tower.WEB,www.trinitycollegechoir.com/concerts/, Trinity College Choir – Concerts, trinitycollegechoir.com, 6 June 2013, 29 April 2013,www.trinitycollegechoir.com/concerts/," title="web.archive.org/web/20130429135931www.trinitycollegechoir.com/concerts/,">web.archive.org/web/20130429135931www.trinitycollegechoir.com/concerts/, live, Later that same day, the College Choir gives a second open-air concert, known as Singing on the River, where they perform madrigals and arrangements of popular songs from a raft of punts lit with lanterns or fairy lights on the river. For the finale, John Wilbye’s madrigal Draw on, sweet night, the raft is unmoored and punted downstream to give a fade out effect. As a tradition, however, this latter concert dates back only to the mid-1980s, when the College Choir first acquired female members. In the years immediately before this, an annual concert on the river was given by the University Madrigal Society.WEB,www.practicalintroduction.com/2022/02/NewInformationScholarshipProgram2022atUniversityUniversityofCambridgeinUK.html, New Information Scholarship Program 2022 at University of Cambridge in UK, Practical Introduction, 8 April 2022, 8 April 2022,web.archive.org/web/20220408235705/https://www.practicalintroduction.com/2022/02/NewInformationScholarshipProgram2022atUniversityUniversityofCambridgeinUK.html, live,MallardAnother tradition relates to an artificial duck known as the Mallard, which should reside in the rafters of the Great Hall. Students occasionally moved the duck from one rafter to another without permission from the college. This is considered difficult; access to the Hall outside meal-times is prohibited and the rafters are dangerously high, so it was not attempted for several years. During the Easter term of 2006, the Mallard was knocked off its rafter by one of the pigeons which enter the Hall through the pinnacle windows. It was reinstated by students in 2016, and is only visible from the far end of the hall.Geoffrey Winthrop Young, John Hurst, Richard Williams, The Roof-Climber’s Guide to Trinity: Omnibus Edition p.29, Oleander Press, 2013, {{ISBN|0900891920}}Jovan Powar, Kate Pfeffer, Travisty Issue 1 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220501050611issuu.com/travistytrinity/docs/travisty_issue_1 |date=1 May 2022 }}College rivalryThe college remains a great rival of St John’s which is its main competitor in sports and academia. This has given rise to a number of anecdotes and myths. It is often cited as the reason why the older courts of Trinity generally have no J staircases, despite including other letters in alphabetical order. A far more likely reason is that the Latin alphabet did not have the letter J—the older courts of St John’s College also lack J staircases. There are also two small muzzle-loading cannons on the bowling green pointing in the direction of John’s, though this orientation may be coincidental. Another story sometimes told is that the reason that the clock in Trinity Great Court strikes each hour twice is that the fellows of St John’s once complained about the noise it made.Minor traditionsTrinity College undergraduate gowns are readily distinguished from the black gowns favoured by most other Cambridge colleges. They are instead dark blue with black facings. They are expected to be worn to formal events such as formal halls and also when an undergraduate sees the Dean of the College in a formal capacity. Trinity students, along with those of King’s and St John’s, are the first to be presented to the Congregation of the Regent House at graduation.College GraceFile:ISH WC Trinity1.jpg|thumb|upright|The High Table is at the far end of the dining hall under the portrait of Henry VIIIHenry VIIIEach evening before dinner, grace is recited by the senior fellow presiding, as follows:{{Verse translation |lang=la|1=Benedic, Domine, nos et dona tua,quae de largitate tua sumus sumpturi,et concede, ut illis salubriter nutrititibi debitum obsequium praestare valeamus,per Christum Dominum nostrum.|2=Bless us, Lord, and these giftswhich, through your generosity, we are about to receiveand grant that we, wholesomely nourished by them,may be able to offer you the service we owethrough Christ our Lord.}}If both of the two high tables are in use then the following antiphonal formula is prefixed to the main grace:{{Verse translation |lang=la|1=A. Oculi omnium in te sperant Domine:B. Et tu das escam illis in tempore.A. Aperis tu manum tuam,B. Et imples omne animal benedictione.|2=The eyes of all are on you, Lord:and you give them their food, in due time.You open your handand bestow upon all living things your blessing.Psalm 145:15–16}}Following the meal, the simple formula is pronounced.Reginald H. Adams, The College Graces of Oxford and Cambridge (Oxford: Perpetua Press, 1992).People associated with the collegeNotable fellows and alumniFile:Duke of Wales Cropped.jpg|thumb|upright|Charles III, King of the United Kingdom ]]The Parish of the Ascension Burial Ground in Cambridge contains the graves of 27 Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge most of whom are also commemorated in Trinity College Chapel with brass plaques. Charles III, King of the United Kingdom, attended from 1967 to 1970. Marian Hobson was the first woman to become a Fellow of the college, having been elected in 1977,WEB, Marian Hobson,trinitycollegelibrarycambridge.wordpress.com/tag/marian-hobson/, Trinity College Library, 16 June 2018, 3 October 2016, 16 June 2018,web.archive.org/web/20180616180429/https://trinitycollegelibrarycambridge.wordpress.com/tag/marian-hobson/, live, WEB, People – Marian Hobson, CBE FBA MA PhD (Cantab),french.sllf.qmul.ac.uk/french/people/hobson.html, Department of French, Queen Mary, University of London, 16 June 2018, 16 June 2018,french.sllf.qmul.ac.uk/french/people/hobson.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20180616154237french.sllf.qmul.ac.uk/french/people/hobson.html,">web.archive.org/web/20180616154237french.sllf.qmul.ac.uk/french/people/hobson.html, live, and her portrait now hangs in the college hall along with those of other notable members of the college.WEB, The ‘hidden histories’ of women at Trinity,www.trin.cam.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Hidden-Histories-final-25-April-with-pics.pdf, 18 September 2020, Trinity College Cambridge, 30 October 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201030011710/https://www.trin.cam.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Hidden-Histories-final-25-April-with-pics.pdf, dead, Other notable female Fellows include Anne Barton, Marilyn Strathern, Catherine Barnard, Lynn Gladden and Rebecca Fitzgerald.{{Further|List of Honorary Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge}}Nobel Prize winnersFile:Amartya Sen 20071128 cologne.jpg|thumb|upright|Amartya SenAmartya SenFile:Russell.jpg|thumb|upright|Bertrand RussellBertrand RussellThis list includes winners of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, which is not one of the five Nobel Prizes established by Alfred Nobel’s will in 1895.{| class=“wikitable sortable” | ||
| J. J. Thomson>Joseph John (J. J.) Thomson|Physics|1906 | ||||||||||||||||
| Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson>Ernest Rutherford|Chemistry|1908 | ||||||||||||||||
| William Henry Bragg>William Bragg|Physics|1915 | ||||||||||||||||
| William Lawrence Bragg>Lawrence Bragg|Physics|1915 | ||||||||||||||||
| Archibald Vivian Hill>Archibald V. Hill|Physiology or Medicine|1922 | ||||||||||||||||
| Henry Hallett Dale>Henry Dale|Physiology or Medicine|1936 | ||||||||||||||||
| Richard Laurence Millington Synge>Richard Synge|Chemistry|1952 | ||||||||||||||||
| Alan Lloyd Hodgkin>Alan Hodgkin|Physiology or Medicine|1963 | ||||||||||||||||
| Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa>Pyotr Kapitsa|Physics|1978 | ||||||||||||||||
Fields Medallists
Four members or alumni of Trinity College have been awarded the Fields Medal.{| class=“wikitable sortable”Turing Award winners{| class“wikitable sortable”
British prime ministers
File:William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, painted by John Partridge.jpg|thumb|upright|Lord Melbourne whose name gave rise to the Australian city Melbourne served as Prime Minister in 1834–1841]]{| class=“wikitable sortable” style="font-size: 95%;”Masters
{{further|List of Masters of Trinity College, Cambridge}}File:Martin Rees at Jodrell Bank in 2007.jpg|thumb|Martin Rees was Master of Trinity from 2004 to 2012.]]File:Dame Sally Davies.png|thumb|Dame Sally Davies, current Master of Trinity]]The head of Trinity College is called the Master. The role is a Crown appointment, formally made by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister.WEB,www.trin.cam.ac.uk/index.php?pageid=172, Trinity College Cambridge – Master of Trinity – Lord Rees (of Ludlow), Trin.cam.ac.uk, 15 January 2004, 25 March 2010, 19 March 2008,www.trin.cam.ac.uk/index.php?pageid=172," title="web.archive.org/web/20080319025839www.trin.cam.ac.uk/index.php?pageid=172,">web.archive.org/web/20080319025839www.trin.cam.ac.uk/index.php?pageid=172, live, Nowadays, the fellows of the college propose a new master for the appointment,WEB, McKitterick, David, Welcoming speech at the Master’s Installation Dinner,issuu.com/trinityalumni/docs/trinity_record_2012-13_web, Annual Record 2013, 6 December 2013, Trinity College, Cambridge, 9 March 2014, 10 March 2014,issuu.com/trinityalumni/docs/trinity_record_2012-13_web," title="web.archive.org/web/20140310032921issuu.com/trinityalumni/docs/trinity_record_2012-13_web,">web.archive.org/web/20140310032921issuu.com/trinityalumni/docs/trinity_record_2012-13_web, live, but the decision is formally that of the Crown. The first Master, John Redman, was appointed in 1546. Six masters subsequent to Rab Butler had been fellows of the college prior to becoming master (honorary fellow in the case of Martin Rees), the last of these being Sir Gregory Winter, appointed on 2 October 2012.WEB,www.number10.gov.uk/news/master-of-trinity/, Sir Gregory Winter CBE FRS appointed Master of Trinity College, Cambridge University, Number10.gov.uk, 16 December 2011, 28 February 2012, 5 March 2012,www.number10.gov.uk/news/master-of-trinity/," title="web.archive.org/web/20120305162347www.number10.gov.uk/news/master-of-trinity/,">web.archive.org/web/20120305162347www.number10.gov.uk/news/master-of-trinity/, live, WEB,www.trin.cam.ac.uk/index.php?pageid=172, Trinity College, Cambridge. Master of Trinity, 14 July 2012, 19 March 2008,www.trin.cam.ac.uk/index.php?pageid=172," title="web.archive.org/web/20080319025839www.trin.cam.ac.uk/index.php?pageid=172,">web.archive.org/web/20080319025839www.trin.cam.ac.uk/index.php?pageid=172, live, He was succeeded by Dame Sally Davies, the first female Master of Trinity College, on 8 October 2019.WEB,www.trin.cam.ac.uk/news/new-master/, Professor Dame Sally Davies appointed Master of Trinity, 8 February 2019, en-US, 8 February 2019, 20 December 2020,web.archive.org/web/20201220123352/https://www.trin.cam.ac.uk/news/new-master/, live,See also
- Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences, partially funded by Trinity
Notes
External links
{{commons category|Trinity College, Cambridge}}- Trinity College, Cambridge official website
- www.access.trin.cam.ac.uk/" title="web.archive.org/web/20130228074336www.access.trin.cam.ac.uk/">Trinity College, Cambridge Access website
- Trinity College Isaac Newton Trust, established in 1988
- Paintings at Trinity College, Cambridge, ArtUK project.
- Trinity in Japan.
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