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{{Short description|Top mathematics undergraduate at Cambridge University}}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}File:Senior Wrangler 1842.jpg|thumb|300px|1842 in the Senate House, Cambridge: the Senior Wrangler, achiever of “academic supremacy” (here, Arthur CayleyArthur CayleyFile:2013 Mathematical Tripos Results at Cambridge University.ogg|thumb|300px|2013 in the same room: the examiner announces the results of the same examinations. In keeping with recent tradition, he raises his academic cap to identify the Senior Wrangler (here, Arran FernandezArran FernandezThe Senior Wrangler is the top mathematics undergraduate at the University of Cambridge in England, a position which has been described as “the greatest intellectual achievement attainable in Britain”.JOURNAL, Forfar, David, What became of the Senior Wranglers?, Mathematical Spectrum, 29, 1, 1996, Specifically, it is the person who achieves the highest overall mark among the Wranglers – the students at Cambridge who gain first-class degrees in mathematics. The Cambridge undergraduate mathematics course, or Mathematical Tripos, is famously difficult.Many Senior Wranglers have become world-leading figures in mathematics, physics, and other fields. They include George Airy, Jacob Bronowski, Christopher Budd, Kevin Buzzard, Arthur Cayley, Donald Coxeter, Arthur Eddington, Ben Green, John Herschel, James Inman, J. E. Littlewood, Lee Hsien Loong, Jayant Narlikar, Morris Pell, John Polkinghorne, Frank Ramsey, Lord Rayleigh (John Strutt), Sir George Stokes, Isaac Todhunter, Sir Gilbert Walker, and James H. Wilkinson.Senior Wranglers were once fêted with torchlit processions and took pride of place in the university’s graduation ceremony.JOURNAL, Moore, Gregory, Masters of Theory and its Relevance to the History of Economic Thought, History of Economics Review, 42, 1, 2005, 77–99, 10.1080/18386318.2005.11681216, 148477456, Years in Cambridge were often remembered by who had been Senior Wrangler that year.The annual ceremony in which the Senior Wrangler becomes known was first held in the 18th century. Standing on the balcony of the university’s Senate House, the examiner reads out the class results for mathematics,WEB, Peter Guthrie Tait,www.robertnowlan.com/pdfs/Tait,%20Peter%20Guthrie.pdf, and printed copies of the results are then thrown to the audience below. The examiner no longer announces the students’ exact rankings, but they still identify the Senior Wrangler, nowadays tipping their academic hat when reading out the person’s name.

Others who finished in the top 12

Those who have achieved second place, known as Second Wranglers, include Alfred Marshall, James Clerk Maxwell, J. J. Thomson, Lord Kelvin, William Clifford, and William Whewell.Those who have finished between third and 12th include Archibald Hill, Karl Pearson and William Henry Bragg (third), George Green, G. H. Hardy, and Alfred North Whitehead (fourth), Adam Sedgwick (fifth), John Venn (sixth), Bertrand Russell, Nevil Maskelyne and Sir James Timmins Chance (seventh), Thomas Malthus (ninth), and John Maynard Keynes and William Henry Fox Talbot (12th).

History

Between 1748 and 1909 the university publicly announced the ranking,BOOK, Mr Hopkins’ Men, Springer London, 2007, A.D.D., Craik, 978-1-84628-790-9, 10.1007/978-1-84628-791-6, which was then reported in newspapers such as The Times. The examination was considered to be by far the most important in Britain and the Empire. The prestige of being a high Wrangler was great; the respect accorded to the Senior Wrangler was immense. Andrew Warwick, author of Masters of Theory, describes the term ‘Senior Wrangler’ as “synonymous with academic supremacy”.BOOK, Masters of Theory: Cambridge and the Rise of Mathematical Physics,archive.org/details/mastersoftheoryc0000warw, registration, Warwick, Andrew, 2003, University Of Chicago Press, 0-226-87375-7, 205, Since 1910 successful students in the examinations have been told their rankings privately, and not all Senior Wranglers have become publicly known as such. In recent years, the custom of discretion regarding ranking has progressively vanished, and all Senior Wranglers since 2010 have announced their identity publicly.The youngest person to be Senior Wrangler is probably Arran Fernandez, who came top in 2013, aged 18 years and 0 months.NEWS, Student, 18, youngest ever to come top in Cambridge maths finals, The Daily Telegraph, Daily Telegraph, 21 June 2013, The previous youngest was probably James Wilkinson in 1939, aged 19 years and nine months.Wilkinson, James H. BOOK, Encyclopedia of Computer Science, Springer London, 2003, Sven, Hammarling, 0-470-86412-5, The youngest up to 1909 were Alfred Flux in 1887, aged 20 years and two monthsNEWS, 24 June 1899, To the Editor of the Spectator,archive.spectator.co.uk/article/24th-june-1899/32/to-the-editor-of-the-spectator-, The Spectator, 6 December 2013, and Peter Tait in 1852, aged 20 years and eight months.BOOK, Arthur Cayley: mathematician laureate of the Victorian age, Crilly, Tony, 2006, Johns Hopkins University Press, 0-8018-8011-4, 160, Two individuals have placed first without becoming known as Senior Wrangler. One was the student Philippa Fawcett in 1890. At that time, although the university allowed women to take the examinations, it did not allow them to be members of the university, nor to receive degrees. Therefore, they could not be known as ‘Wranglers’, and were merely told how they had performed compared to the male candidates, for example, “equal to the Third Wrangler”, or “between the Seventh and Eighth Wranglers”. Having gained the highest mark, Fawcett was declared to have finished “above the Senior Wrangler”.The other was the mathematics professor George Pólya. As he had contributed to reforming the Tripos with the aim that an excellent performance would be less dependent on solving hard problems and more so on showing a broad mathematical understanding and knowledge, G.H. Hardy asked Pólya to sit the examinations himself, unofficially, during his stay in England in 1924–5. Pólya did so, and to Hardy’s surprise, received the highest mark, an achievement which, had he been a student, would have made him the Senior Wrangler.BOOK, The random walks of George Pólya, Gerald L., Alexanderson, Gerald L. Alexanderson, 2000, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 68,

Derived uses of the term

Senior Wrangler’s Walk is a path in Cambridge, the walk to and along which was considered to be sufficient constitutional exercise for a student aspiring to become the Senior Wrangler. The route was shorter than other walks, such as Wranglers’ Walk and the Grantchester Grind, undertaken by undergraduates whose aspirations were lower.BOOK, Science incarnate: historical embodiments of natural knowledge, Stephen, Shapin, Christopher, Lawrence, 1998, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 0-226-47014-8, 303, Senior Wrangler sauce is a Cambridge term for brandy butter, a type of hard sauce made from brandy, butter, and sugar, traditionally served in Britain with Christmas pudding and warm mince pies.WEB, Brandy butter,www.az-encyclopedia.info/b/511431_Brandy_butter/,www.az-encyclopedia.info/b/511431_Brandy_butter/," title="web.archive.org/web/20160303225616www.az-encyclopedia.info/b/511431_Brandy_butter/,">web.archive.org/web/20160303225616www.az-encyclopedia.info/b/511431_Brandy_butter/, dead, 2016-03-03, 2011-12-09, Senior Wrangler is also the name of a solitaire card game, alternatively known as Mathematics and Double Calculation, played with two decks of cards and involving elementary modular arithmetic.BOOK, 100 Games of Solitaire (Complete with layouts for playing), Coops, Helen L, 1939, Whitman Publishing Company, 205, BOOK, Goren’s Hoyle Encyclopedia of Games: With Official Rules and Pointers on Play, Including the Latest Laws of Contract Bridge,archive.org/details/gorenshoyleencyc00gore, registration, Goren, Charles Henry, 1961, Greystone Press, 643,

Literary references

Fictional Senior Wranglers appearing in novels include Roger Hamley, a character in Elizabeth Gaskell’s Wives and Daughters, and Tom Jericho, the cryptanalyst in Robert Harris’s novel Enigma, who is described as having been Senior Wrangler in 1938. In Catherine Hall’s The Proof of Love, Victor Turner is listed as having been Senior Wrangler in 1968.In George Bernard Shaw’s play Mrs. Warren’s Profession, the title character’s daughter Vivie is praised for “tieing with the third wrangler,” and she comments that “the mathematical tripos” means “grind, grind, grind for six to eight hours a day at mathematics, and nothing but mathematics.“In Ford Madox Ford’s Parade’s End, the character Christopher Tietjens is described as having settled deliberately for only being Second Wrangler, to avoid the weight of expectation that the title would create.In his Discworld series of novels, Terry Pratchett has a character called the Senior Wrangler, a faculty member at the Unseen University, whose first name is Horace.The compiler of crosswords for The Leader in the 1930s used ‘Senior Wrangler’ as a pseudonym.BOOK, The Handy Crossword Companion, “Senior Wrangler” of the Leader, 1932, Odhams Press,

Coaches

The two most successful 19th-century coaches of Senior Wranglers were William Hopkins and Edward Routh. Hopkins, the ‘Senior Wrangler Maker’, who himself was the 7th Wrangler, coached 17 Senior Wranglers. Routh, who had himself been the Senior Wrangler, coached 27.BOOK, Aris, Rutherford, Davis, H. Ted, Stuewer, Roger H., Springs of scientific creativity : essays on founders of modern science, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, 1983, 0-8166-6830-2, 814078408, 164, Another, described by his student (and Senior Wrangler) J.E. Littlewood as “the last of the great coaches”, was another Senior Wrangler, Robert Alfred Herman.BOOK, A Mathematician’s Miscellany, Littlewood, John Edensor, Methuen Publishing, 1953, 70, J.E. Littlewood,

Senior Wranglers and runners up, 1748–1909

During 1748–1909 the top two colleges in terms of number of Senior Wranglers were Trinity and St John’s with 56 and 54 respectively. Gonville and Caius was third with 13.File:WilliamPaley.jpg|right|upright|thumb|William PaleyWilliam PaleyFile:FrederickPollock.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Sir Frederick Pollock, 1st BaronetSir Frederick Pollock, 1st BaronetFile:John Herschel by Jula Margaret Cameron, Abril 1867.jpg|thumb|upright|right|John HerschelJohn HerschelFile:George Biddell Airy.jpg|right|upright|thumb|George Biddell AiryGeorge Biddell AiryFile:George Gabriel Stokes.jpg|thumb|upright|right|George Gabriel StokesGeorge Gabriel StokesFile:Arthur Cayley.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Arthur CayleyArthur CayleyFile:John Couch Adams.jpg|thumb|upright|right|John Couch AdamsJohn Couch AdamsFile:Todhunter Isaac.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Isaac TodhunterIsaac TodhunterFile:Tait Peter Guthrie.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Peter Guthrie TaitPeter Guthrie TaitFile:Edward J Routh.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Edward RouthEdward RouthFile:John William Strutt.jpg|thumb|upright|right|John Strutt, 3rd Baron RayleighJohn Strutt, 3rd Baron RayleighFile:T O Harding, Trinity College, senior wrangler.png|thumb|upright|right|Thomas Oliver HardingThomas Oliver HardingFile:Young Donald MacAlister.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Donald MacAlisterDonald MacAlisterFile:Phillipafawcett.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Philippa FawcettPhilippa FawcettFile:Thomas John Bromwich.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Thomas John I’Anson BromwichThomas John I’Anson BromwichFile:Arthur Stanley Eddington.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Arthur EddingtonArthur EddingtonFile:Peter Swinnerton-Dyer.jpeg|thumb|upright|right|Peter Swinnerton-DyerPeter Swinnerton-DyerFile:Michael Edward Ash.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Michael Edward AshMichael Edward AshFile:Jayant Vishnu Narlikar - Kolkata 2007-03-20 07324.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Jayant NarlikarJayant NarlikarFile:Lee Hsien-Loong - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2012 cropped.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Lee Hsien LoongLee Hsien LoongFile:Kevin buzzard in 2007.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Kevin BuzzardKevin BuzzardFile:Ben Green.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Ben Joseph GreenBen Joseph Green{| class=“wikitable sortable“! Year !! Senior Wrangler(s)BOOK, Neale, Charles Montague, 1907, The senior wranglers of the University of Cambridge, from 1748 to 1907. With biographical, & c., notes,archive.org/details/senoirwranglerso00nealrich, Groom and Son, Bury St. Edmunds, {{#tag:ref|In years where there was a tie, individuals tied have been shown as Senior Wrangler, with the next placed candidate(s) as Proxime Accessit; strictly speaking, if n individuals are tied as Senior Wrangler, any runner up is (n+1)-st Wrangler .|group=note}} !! College !! Proxime accessit/accesserunt(runner(s) up) !! College

		Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge	>		Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge>Sidney Sussex

		Corpus Christi College, Cambridge	>		Magdalene College, Cambridge>Magdalene

		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s	John Gooch	Gonville and Caius

		Christ’s College, Cambridge>Christ’s	William Cardale	Pembroke

		Magdalene College, Cambridge>Magdalene		Clare

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity	William Preston	Trinity

		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s	Samuel Hallifax	Jesus

		Jesus College, Cambridge>Jesus	John Hatsell	Queens’

		Corpus Christi College, Cambridge>Corpus Christi	William Bearcroft	rowspan=“2”	Peterhouse, Cambridge>Peterhouse

		Magdalene College, Cambridge>Magdalene

		Peterhouse, Cambridge	>		Sidney Sussex

		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s	>	Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		Clare College, Cambridge>Clare	Anthony Hamilton	Corpus Christi

		Peterhouse, Cambridge	>		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s

		Christ’s College, Cambridge	>		Pembroke College, Cambridge>Pembroke

			Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge>Gonville and Caius

		Corpus Christi College, Cambridge>Corpus Christi	John Fairfax Francklin	Emmanuel

		Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge>Gonville and Caius	John Clement Ives	Gonville and Caius

		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s	John Law (bishop)	>	Christ’s College, Cambridge>Christ’s

		Pembroke College, Cambridge	>		Queens’ College, Cambridge>Queens’

		St John’s College, Cambridge	>		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		Christ’s College, Cambridge	>		St John’s

		St John’s College, Cambridge	>

			Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge>Gonville and Caius

		Pembroke College, Cambridge>Pembroke		Clare

		Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge>Gonville and Caius		St John’s

		Queens’ College, Cambridge>Queens’		Peterhouse

		Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge>Gonville and Caius		St John’s

		Emmanuel College, Cambridge	>		Jesus College, Cambridge>Jesus

		Trinity College, Cambridge	>		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		Magdalene College, Cambridge	>		Emmanuel College, Cambridge>Emmanuel

		Trinity College, Cambridge	>	Thomas Jones, the Senior Wrangler that year, acted as his tutor.		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s

		Pembroke College, Cambridge	>		Christ’s

			Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity & Queens’

		St John’s College, Cambridge	>		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge>Sidney Sussex		Magdalene

		Queens’ College, Cambridge>Queens’		Sidney Sussex

		rowspan=“2”	Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity		Clare

			Jesus

		St John’s College, Cambridge	>		St John’s

		Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge	>

		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s		Trinity

		Peterhouse, Cambridge>Peterhouse	Fletcher Raincock	Pembroke

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity	>	Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge>Gonville and Caius

		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s		rowspan=“3”	Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		Queens’ College, Cambridge>Queens’

		Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge	>

		Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge>Gonville and Caius		Gonville and Caius

		St John’s College, Cambridge	>		Trinity

		rowspan=“2”	Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

	| Robert Martin

		rowspan=“3”	St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s

			Corpus Christi College, Cambridge>Corpus Christi

			Pembroke College, Cambridge>Pembroke

		Queens’ College, Cambridge>Queens’		Christ’s

		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s		St John’s

		Christ’s College, Cambridge	>	id=GRT800WA	The Senior Wranglers of the University of Cambridge, from 1748 to 1907: With Biographical, etc., Notes (Bury St. Edmunds: F.T. Groom and Son; 61pp), p. 26; at all events, Garratt took the First Smith’s Prize in 1804, with the Senior Wrangler, Kaye, placing Second, although Kaye also took the Senior Classical Medal (for reference without prejudice, at the time, other things being equal, undergraduates at Trinity were given preference for the Smith’s Prizes) >	Trinity

		St Catharine’s College, Cambridge>St Catharine’s

		Trinity College, Cambridge	>		St John’s

		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s		Trinity

		rowspan=“2”	Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge>Gonville and Caius		St John’s

			Gonville and Caius

		Trinity College, Cambridge	>		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

			Caius

		St John’s College, Cambridge	>		Trinity

			St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity		Jesus

		Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge	>		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s		Pembroke

		Trinity College, Cambridge	>		St John’s

		Queens’ College, Cambridge>Queens’

		Trinity College, Cambridge	>

		Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge>Gonville and Caius		Corpus Christi

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity		St John’s

		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s		Corpus Christi

		Trinity College, Cambridge	>		Clare College, Cambridge>Clare

		Hymers College. >	St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s

		Peterhouse, Cambridge	>		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		Trinity College, Cambridge	>		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s

		St Catharine’s College, Cambridge	>		Trinity

		St John’s College, Cambridge	>		Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge>Sidney Sussex

			St John’s

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge>Gonville and Caius		Pembroke

		Queens’ College, Cambridge>Queens’		rowspan=“2”	Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		St John’s College, Cambridge	>	Also senior classic.|group=note}}

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity		rowspan=“2”	St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s

		St John’s College, Cambridge	>

			Corpus Christi College, Cambridge>Corpus Christi

			St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity		Caius

		Pembroke College, Cambridge>Pembroke		Trinity

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity		rowspan=“2”	St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s

		St John’s College, Cambridge	>

			Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge>Gonville and Caius

		(later known as Lord Kelvin){{#tag:ref>According to legend, Kelvin was so confident he had come top that he asked his servant to run to the Senate House and check who the Second Wrangler was. The servant returned and told him, “You, sir!” Kelvin was reportedly beaten largely on the basis of Parkinson’s superior exam technique. The result was reversed in the Smith Prize. This story has also been attributed to J.J. Thomson in 1880, and others.A History of Mathematics in Cambridge	group=note}}	Peterhouse

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity		Pembroke

		St John’s College, Cambridge	>		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

			rowspan=“2”	Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge>Gonville and Caius

		Corpus Christi College, Cambridge>Corpus Christi		Trinity

		Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge>Gonville and Caius		St John’s

		Peterhouse, Cambridge>Peterhouse		Peterhouse

		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s		Emmanuel

	Routh found more fame subsequently as a coach of other Senior Wranglers. Indeed for twenty-two consecutive years from 1862, one of his pupils was Senior Wrangler, and he coached twenty-seven in all. His first pupil in 1856 was Third Wrangler, and in 1858 both the Senior and Second Wrangler were coached by him.ROUTH BIOGRAPHY>URL=HTTP://WWW-HISTORY.MCS.ST-AND.AC.UK/BIOGRAPHIES/ROUTH.HTML	FIRST=J. J.	ACCESS-DATE=6 JULY 2013	group=note}}	Peterhouse, Cambridge	>		Peterhouse, Cambridge>Peterhouse & Trinity

		St John’s College, Cambridge	>		St John’s

		>	Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		Queens’ College, Cambridge	>		Pembroke College, Cambridge>Pembroke

			Peterhouse, Cambridge>Peterhouse

		St John’s College, Cambridge	>		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity & Gonville and Caius

		rowspan=“3”	Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity		St John’s

			Magdalene College, Cambridge>Magdalene

			St John’s

		Trinity Hall, Cambridge>Trinity Hall		rowspan=“2”	Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		Trinity College, Cambridge	>

			St John’s

		Peterhouse, Cambridge>Peterhouse		rowspan=“3”	Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s

	First Jewish Senior Wrangler. A special grace was passed to allow him to be graduated using a special form of the wording to not offend his religious beliefs.		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity		rowspan=“2”	St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s

		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity		rowspan=“4”	Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge>Gonville and Caius

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity	& George Chrystal	Pembroke College, Cambridge	& Peterhouse, Cambridge>Peterhouse

		St John’s College, Cambridge	>	William Mollison (Master of Clare College, Cambridge)>William Loudon Mollison	Clare

			Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge>Gonville and Caius

		Christ’s College, Cambridge>Christ’s		Trinity

		Peterhouse, Cambridge>Peterhouse		Queens’

		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s		rowspan=“2”	Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

	Forsyth was one of the men who were principally responsible for the reform of the Tripos system that led to the end of the Tripos ranking.		Trinity College, Cambridge	>

	WORK=THE TIMES	DATE=30 JANUARY 1882,			St John’s

Regulations were changed to split the class list into Parts I & II, and Part III. The examinations for the former were held in June and retained the ordered class list (in contrast to Part III), so two sets of results exist for this year.			Jesus College, Cambridge>Jesus		rowspan=“3”	Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		King’s College, Cambridge>King’s		rowspan=“2”	St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

	A. William Flux>Sir Alfred William Flux, John Henry Michell & John Cyril Iles	St John’s College, Cambridge	, St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s, Trinity College, Cambridge	& Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity		Emmanuel

		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s	>	Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		Trinity College, Cambridge	>		URL=HTTPS://BOOKS.GOOGLE.COM/BOOKS?ID=ABX6EQTRFQEC&PG=PA25	PUBLISHER=CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS	PAGE=25,	Trinity College, Cambridge	& Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

	Geoffrey Thomas Bennett;Philippa Fawcett placed “Above the Senior Wrangler“{{#tag:ref>Women were allowed to take the Tripos from 1881, when Charlotte Scott achieved the eighth highest mark (but was not officially ranked as eighth wrangler); but their results were published on a separate list and they were not officially ranked among the wranglers, so Fawcett was not officially Senior Wrangler despite receiving the highest mark on the tripos. Women students were finally admitted as full members of the university in 1948.		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s(Fawcett: Newnham College, Cambridge	) >		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		Corpus Christi College, Cambridge>Corpus Christi	&	Christ’s College, Cambridge	& Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge>Sidney Sussex

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity		Christ’s

		Christ’s College, Cambridge>Christ’s	&	King’s College, Cambridge	& Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity & Trinity College, Cambridge	>		Clare College, Cambridge>Clare

		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s	& E. T. Whittaker	Peterhouse, Cambridge	& Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		Queens’ College, Cambridge>Queens’	, &	Trinity College, Cambridge	, Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity & Trinity

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity		Trinity

		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s	& James Hopwood Jeans >	Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge>Gonville and Caius & Trinity

	R. P. Paranjpye{{#tag:ref>First Indian Senior Wrangler.		Pembroke College, Cambridge>Pembroke & St John’s College, Cambridge	>		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity		Trinity Hall

		Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge>Gonville and Caius		Emmanuel

		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s		St John’s

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity & Trinity College, Cambridge	>		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity, St John’s College, Cambridge	, Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity and St John’s

	Eddington was the first person to be Senior Wrangler after only two years of study.HTTP://SILAS.PSFC.MIT.EDU/EDDINGTON/>TITLE=ASTROPHYSICS AND MYSTICISM: THE LIFE OF ARTHUR STANLEY EDDINGTON	FIRST=IAN H.	ACCESS-DATE=2008-09-25	ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20080922185046/HTTP://SILAS.PSFC.MIT.EDU/EDDINGTON/	group=note}}	Trinity College, Cambridge	>		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

	James Mercer (mathematician)>James Mercer	Trinity College, Cambridge	& Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity		Trinity Hall

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity & Trinity College, Cambridge	>		Clare College, Cambridge>Clare

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity		Trinity

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity & Pembroke College, Cambridge	>		Christ’s College, Cambridge>Christ’s

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity	E. H. Neville	Trinity

Senior Wranglers since 1910 {| class“wikitable sortable”

! Year !! Senior Wrangler !! College

			King’s College, Cambridge>King’s

		ACCESS-DATE=6 JULY 2013,	rowspan=“3”	Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

	FIRST1=STEPHEN	FIRST2=HAROLD	TITLE=A MATHEMATICAL ODYSSEY: JOURNEY FROM THE REAL TO THE COMPLEX	PAGE=64, 978-1461489382,

	FIRST1=SIOBHAN	FIRST2=ASIA	JOURNAL=BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS OF FELLOWS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY	VOLUME=52	ISSN=0080-4606	PAGES=45–66, 70400674,

		ACCESS-DATE=6 JULY 2013	UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS, >	Jesus College, Cambridge>Jesus

		Clare College, Cambridge>Clare

	TITLE=JAMES HARDY WILKINSON	PUBLISHER=UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS	ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20081122044557/HTTP://WWW.GAP-SYSTEM.ORG/~HISTORY/BIOGRAPHIES/WILKINSON.HTML		Trinity

		ACCESS-DATE=6 JULY 2013, American Institute of Physics,

		ACCESS-DATE=3 APRIL 2022,	St John’s

	“Making Guinness Guinness – Michael Ash”, ‘’The Fountain, Issue 23">	Trinity

	date=May 2012}}

		ACCESS-DATE=6 JULY 2013	UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS, >	Trinity Hall, Cambridge>Trinity Hall

		YEAR=2005	LAST=MITTON	PAGES=275,	non-collegiate

	TITLE=GEOFFREY CHARLES FOX		Trinity

	date= August 2016 }}

		ACCESS-DATE=8 NOVEMBER 2021	CHURCHILL COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE, >	Churchill College, Cambridge>Churchill

		THE INDEPENDENT>INDEPENDENT		King’s College, Cambridge>King’s

		YEAR=1999	LAST=WOO	PAGE=292,	Christ’s

		YEAR=2000	LAST=KUAN YEW	PAGES=750–751	URL=HTTPS://ARCHIVE.ORG/DETAILS/FROMTHIRDWORLDTO00LEEK/PAGE/750, DENNIS MARRIAN, UNIVERSITY TUTOR >AUTHOR=NEO HUI MIN	NEWSPAPER=STRAITS TIMES	ACCESS-DATE=2 JUNE 2013,	Trinity

		DATE=24 SEPTEMBER 2021		St John’s College, Cambridge>St John’s

		ACCESS-DATE=2011-01-06, HTTP://MOBILE.TWITTER.COM/GLYNMOODY/STATUS/173694096559452160>TITLE=(CORRECTION BY AUTHOR)		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

	Mike Giles >	Churchill College, Cambridge>Churchill

	TITLE=CURRICULUM VITAE OF PROF. C. J. BUDD	PUBLISHER=UNIVERSITY OF BATH,	St John’s

		Trinity

		ACCESS-DATE=6 JULY 2013, Plus Magazine,

		ACCESS-DATE=16 SEPTEMBER 2014,

		ACCESS-DATE=2015-04-06, HTTPS://WWW.QUEENS.CAM.AC.UK/SITES/WWW.QUEENS.CAM.AC.UK/FILES/PUBLICATIONFILES/FINAL_MU20301_QUEENS_BRIDGE_-_MARCH_2016_-_LOW_RES_2.PDF>TITLE=WHERE ARE THEY NOW? RUTH HENDRY (1989): THE ONLY KNOWN FEMALE SENIOR WRANGLER IN HISTORY		Queens’ College, Cambridge>Queens’

		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

|1994

	Churchill College, Cambridge>Churchill

|1995|Balazs Szendroi

Trinity

|1996|David W. Essex

		ACCESS-DATE=2011-01-06, Clay Mathematics Institute,

		Peterhouse, Cambridge>Peterhouse

		ACCESS-DATE=2011-01-06	ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20110927222100/HTTP://WWW.MATH.NORTHWESTERN.EDU/~GEE/INDEX_FILES/CV.PDF		TIMOTHY GOWERS>TITLE=ANSWERS, RESULTS OF POLLS, AND A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROGRAM	ACCESS-DATE=2013-05-11,	rowspan=“9”	Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		ACCESS-DATE=6 JULY 2013, Computing Science Department – Radboud University Nijmegen,

		ACCESS-DATE=2011-01-19,

		ACCESS-DATE=1 OCTOBER 2015,

|2005|Tim Austin|2006|Antonio Lei

		ACCESS-DATE=2012-08-10, Mercer Management Consulting,

		DATE=7 FEBRUARY 2008	PUBLISHER=TUOI TRE, Tuổi Trẻ Online,

		ACCESS-DATE=6 JULY 2013	TRINITY HALL, CAMBRIDGE>TRINITY HALL,	Trinity Hall

		TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE>TRINITY		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		ACCESS-DATE=2011-10-05	ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20120401130227/HTTP://WWW.BISHOPODOWD.ORG/ADMIN/?P=2337		Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge>Gonville and Caius

		ACCESS-DATE=2012-12-06	URL-STATUS=DEAD	ARCHIVE-DATE=2013-05-27,	Trinity

		TITLE=THE MATHS GENIUS WHO JOINED CAMBRIDGE UNI AT 15 AND TOOK HIS GCSES AT 5	DATE=2020-11-23	ACCESS-DATE=2022-11-16,	Fitzwilliam

		ACCESS-DATE=2014-06-22	ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20140716164133/HTTP://WWW.DOW.CAM.AC.UK/INDEX.PHP/ABOUT/NEWS/397-SENIORWRANGLER		Downing College, Cambridge>Downing

		ACCESS-DATE=2016-06-10	ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20160808014531/HTTPS://SHARE.TRIN.CAM.AC.UK/SITES/PUBLIC/ALUMNI/ANNUAL%20RECORDS/TRINITY%20ANNUAL%20RECORD%202015%20WEB.PDF		Trinity College, Cambridge>Trinity

		YEAR=2016	FIRST=SALLY	PAGE=15–18	CHURCHILL COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE, >	Churchill College, Cambridge>Churchill

		Trinity

		WEBSITE=WARREN LI, 14 February 2024,

	| N/A

		Trinity

Senior Wranglers since 1910 also include:

• David HobsonWEB,www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article6200849.ece, David Hobson: senior partner of Coopers & Lybrand (obituary), 6 January 2011, The Times, {{subscription required}} (Christ’s College) (1940s)
• Peter Swinnerton-DyerWEB,sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1080327/index.htm, Sir Peter is Unhorsed, 6 July 2013, Sports Illustrated, (Trinity College) (1940s)
• Jack LeemingWEB,www.bucksfreepress.co.uk/news/17526239.tributes-paid-to-warm-witty-and-kind-jack-leeming-husband-of-mp-cheryl-gillan-who-passed-away-at-weekend-aged-91/, Tributes have been paid to Dame Cheryl Gillan’s husband Jack Leeming, 1 April 2019, Bucks Free Press, (St John’s College)
• Michael HallWEB,www.shrewsbury.org.uk/features/michael-hall-obituary, F M Hall (1935–2005) (obituary), 29 March 2011, 6 July 2013, Shrewsbury School, (Trinity College) (1950s)

See also

• Wooden spoon (award)

Notes

{{Reflist|group=note}}

References

{{reflist|2}}

Bibliography

• BOOK, The World of Mathematics, Galton, Francis, Francis Galton,books.google.com/books?id=se5iE4DMPioC, 0-486-41150-8, Courier Dover Publications, 2000, 2, Classification of Men According to their Natural Gifts, James Roy Newman,
• BOOK, ed. H.C.G Matthew and Brian Harrison, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography,www.oxforddnb.com, 2004, Oxford University Press,
• BOOK, Tanner, Joseph Robson, The historical register of the University of Cambridge, being a supplement to the Calendar with a record of University offices, honours and distinctions to the year 1910,archive.org/details/1910historicalreg00univuoft, PDF, Cambridge University Press, 2008-09-19, 1917,
• BOOK, Alumni Cantabrigienses, Venn, John, John Venn, 1922–27, Cambridge University Press,
• BOOK, Paul, Margaret, Frank Ramsey (1903–1930): A Sister’s Memoir, 2012, Smith-Gordon,