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{{Short description|District in Bihar, India}}{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Patna}}

factoids

Golghar, Tomb of Shah Daulat>Shah Makhdum Daulat Maneri and Ibrahim Khan, Gurudwara Patna Sahib, Digha–Sonpur Bridge, Rajkiya Hospital in Bharatpur| image_map = Patna district.PNG| image_map1 = Bihar district location map Patna.svg| map_caption = 25N10region:IN_type:adm2nd|display=title,inline}}| coor_pinpoint = Patna| subdivision_type = CountryIndia}}States and union territories of India>State| subdivision_name1 = BiharAdministrative divisions of Bihar>DivisionPatna division>Patna| established_title = Established| established_date = | seat_type = Headquarters| seat = PatnaTehsils of India>Tehsils| parts_style = para| p1 = | area_total_km2 = 3202| area_footnotes = | population_as_of = 2011| population_total = 5838465| population_footnotes = | population_urban = 2514590| population_density_km2 = autoDATE=2011-05-24 ACCESS-DATE=2017-12-28 ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20171229052422/HTTPS://UPDATEOX.COM/INDIA/DISTRICT-WISE-POPULATION-INDIA-AS-OF-2011-CENSUS/ 2022}}| demographics_type1 = DemographicsLiteracy in India>Literacy (2011)| demographics1_info1 = 70.68%WEB , | demographics1_title2 = Sex ratiomale>♂/♀| leader_title = | leader_name = Lok Sabha>Lok Sabha constituenciesPataliputra (Lok Sabha constituency)>Pataliputra, 2. Patna Sahib (Lok Sabha constituency), 3. Munger (Lok Sabha constituency)>Munger (shared with Munger district)Vidhan Sabha>Vidhan Sabha constituenciesList of Assembly constituencies of Bihar>14Indian Standard Time>IST| utc_offset1 = +05:30| registration_plate = Roads in India>Major highwaysNational Highway 30 (India)>NH 30, NH 83Human Development Index>HDI {{nobold|(2016)}}DATE=MARCH 2016green|high}})weblink}}}}Patna district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state in eastern India. Patna, the capital of Bihar, is the district headquarters. The Patna district is a part of Patna division. The Patna district is divided into 6 Sub-divisions (Tehsils) i.e. Patna Sadar, Patna City, Barh, Masaurhi, Danapur and Paliganj.As of 2011, it is the most populous district of Bihar and fifteenth most populous district in India.WEB,weblink Patna Pin Code list, Population density ,literacy rate and total Area with census 2011 details, www.indiamapia.com, 2017-12-28, live,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20171017092950weblink">weblink 2017-10-17, The revenue district of Patna comes under the jurisdiction of a District Collector (District Magistrate). The office of the Patna DM is in Patna Collectorate.

History

Patna is one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the world.WEB,weblink Populations of Largest Cities in PMNs from 2000BC to 1988AD,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20070929110844weblink">weblink 29 September 2007, dead, Patna was founded in 490 BCE by the king of Magadha. Ancient Patna, known as Pataliputra, was the capital of the Magadha Empire under the Haryanka, Nanda, Mauryan, Shunga, Gupta and Pala empires. Pataliputra was a seat of learning and fine arts. Patliputra was home to many mathematicians, astronomers, astrologists and scholars including Gautam Buddha, Aryabhata, Panini, Vātsyāyana, Chanakya and Kālidāsa.WEB, Patna Tour,weblink cultureholidays.com, 28 August 2016, live,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20160404022210weblink">weblink 4 April 2016, WEB, Ancient Patliputra,weblink go4patna.com, 28 August 2016, live,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20161018235151weblink">weblink 18 October 2016, Its population during the Maurya period (around 400 BCE) was about 400,000.BOOK, O'Malley, L. S. S., James, J. F. W., History of Magadha, Veena Publication, Delhi, 2005, 23, 978-81-89224-01-1,weblink 24 February 2011, Patna served as the seat of power, political and cultural centre of the Indian subcontinent. With the fall of Gupta Empire, Patna lost its glory. It was revived again in the 17th century by the British as a centre of international trade.{{further|Patna#History}}(File:Main street of Patna, 1814-15.jpg|thumb|Main street of Patna, showing one side of the Chowk, 1814–15.)(File:City of Patna, on the River Ganges, 19th century.jpg|right|thumb|City of Patna, on the River Ganges, 19th-century painting.)

Modern history

The modern district of Patna was created in September 1770 as provincial council by the British, to supervise revenue matters of Bihar. In 1793, Patna became a separate judicial district. This led the foundation of modern district.BOOK,weblink The Artisans in 18th Century Eastern India, a History of Survival, Singh, Vipul, 2005, Concept Publishing Company, 9788180692352, 2017-12-28, live,weblink 2017-12-29, The re-organization of the districts in the State took effect in 1972. On November 9, 1972 Nalanda district was constituted by carving out the Bihar Sharif sub-division of Patna district.WEB,weblink Nalanda celebrates foundation day â€” Times of India, The Times of India, 2017-12-28, live,weblink 2017-12-29,

Geography

Patna district occupies an area of {{convert|3202|km2|sqmi}},BOOK, Srivastava, Dayawanti, others, 1, India 2010: A Reference Annual, States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government, 54th, Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India, 2010, New Delhi, India, 1118–1119, 978-81-230-1617-7, bounded by the Son River to the west, and the Ganges to the north. In the south, it is bordered by the Nalanda, Arwal, by Jehanabad districts, in the east by Begusarai district, and by Lakhisarai to the southeast.

Administration

The Patna district is headed by an IAS officer of the rank of District Magistrate (DM). The district is divided into sub-divisions or Tehsils, each headed by a Sub Divisional Magistrate (SDM).These Tehsils are further divided into Blocks, each headed by a Block development officer (BDO).

Tehsils

The six sub-divisions or Tehsils in Patna district are as follows:

1. Patna Sadar
2. Patna City
3. Barh
4. Masaurhi
5. Danapur
6. Paliganj

Blocks

The 23 Blocks in Patna district are as follows: Patna Sadar, Sampatchak, Phulwari Sharif,Fatuha, Daniyawaan, Khusrupur, Athmalgola, Mokama, Belchi, Ghoswari, Pandarak, Bakhtiyarpur, Barh, Masaurhi, Punpun, Dhanarua, Danapur, Maner, Bihta, Naubatpur, Paliganj, Dulhin Bazar and Bikram.

Industries

In Patna the most Industries are located in Fatuha to DidarGanj.

Demographics

{{historical populations|11=1901|12=10,28,073|13=1911|14=10,18,226|15=1921|16=9,98,101|17=1931|18=11,68,744|19=1941|20=13,57,416|21=1951|22=16,00,295|23=1961|24=18,61,811|25=1971|26=22,50,883|27=1981|28=30,19,201|29=1991|30=36,18,211|31=2001|32=47,18,592|33=2011|34=58,38,465|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:WEB, Table A-02 Decadal Variation in Population Since 1901: Bihar,weblink census.gov.in, Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India, |align=center}}{{bar boxURL=HTTPS://CENSUSINDIA.GOV.IN/NADA/INDEX.PHP/CATALOG/11366/DOWNLOAD/14479/DDW10C-01%20MDDS.XLS PUBLISHER=REGISTRAR GENERAL AND CENSUS COMMISSIONER OF INDIA, |titlebar=#Fcd116|left1=Religion|right1=Percent|float=left|bars={{bar percent|Hinduism|darkorange|91.74}}{{bar percent|Islam|green|7.54}}{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.72}}}}According to the 2011 census Patna is the 15th most populous district, with population of 5,838,465,WEB, 2011, District Census Handbook: Patna,weblink Census of India, Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India, roughly equal to the nation of NicaraguaWEB, US Directorate of Intelligence, Country Comparison:Population,weblink 1 October 2011, Nicaragua 5,666,301 July 2011 est., dead,weblink 27 September 2011, or the US state of Maryland.WEB , The district has a population density of {{convert|1823|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}. Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 22.34%. Patna has a sex ratio of 897 females for every 1,000 males, and a literacy rate of 70.68%. 43.07% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 15.77% and 0.15% of the population respectively.{{Pie chart|thumb=left|caption=Languages in Patna district (2011) Magahi language>Magahi color1 = crimsonHindi >value2 = 43.77 |color2 = orangeUrdu >value3 = 5.19 |color3 = greenBhojpuri language>Bhojpuri color4 = goldMaithili Language>Maithili color5 = mistyrosevalue6 = 0.78 |color6 = grey}}At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 46.35% of the population in the district spoke Magahi, 43.77% Hindi, 5.19% Urdu, 2.67% Bhojpuri and 1.24% Maithili as their first language.WEB, 2011, Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Bihar,weblink censusindia.gov.in, Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India, {{clear}}

Climate

{{Weather box|collapsed =|location = Patna|metric first = Yes|single line = Yes|Jan high C = 23.3|Feb high C = 26.5|Mar high C = 32.6|Apr high C = 37.7|May high C = 38.9|Jun high C = 36.7|Jul high C = 33.0|Aug high C = 32.4|Sep high C = 32.3|Oct high C = 31.5|Nov high C = 28.8|Dec high C = 24.7|year high C = 31.53|Jan low C = 9.2|Feb low C = 11.6|Mar low C = 16.4|Apr low C = 22.3|May low C = 25.2|Jun low C = 26.7|Jul low C = 26.2|Aug low C = 26.1|Sep low C = 25.7|Oct low C = 21.8|Nov low C = 14.7|Dec low C = 9.9|year low C = 19.65|Jan precipitation mm = 19|Feb precipitation mm = 11|Mar precipitation mm = 11|Apr precipitation mm = 8|May precipitation mm = 33|Jun precipitation mm = 134|Jul precipitation mm = 306|Aug precipitation mm = 274|Sep precipitation mm = 227|Oct precipitation mm = 94|Nov precipitation mm = 9|Dec precipitation mm = 4|year precipitation mm = 1130 ACCESS-DATE =25 FEBRUARY 2011 URL-STATUS =LIVE ARCHIVE-DATE =8 AUGUST 2013, |date=February 2011}}

Economy

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Patna one of the country's 250 most backward districts. It is one of the 38By: Manav Saurav : Government of Bihar website :gov.bih.nic.in/Profile/Districts.htm districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund.WEB, Ministry of Panchayati Raj, 8 September 2009, A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme, National Institute of Rural Development,weblink 27 September 2011, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120405033402weblink">weblink 5 April 2012, Agricultural products include paddy, maize, pulses, wheat, and oilseeds. Roughly one-third of the area sown is under rice (paddy). Cash crops such as vegetables and watermelons are also grown in the Diara belt. Major industries include leather, handicrafts, and agro-processing.

Politics

Assembly

The district is divided into fourteen assembly constituencies:WEB,weblink 14 segments in Patna dist this time, The Times of India, live,weblink 2017-12-29, WEB,weblink General Election 2009 Assembly constituencies, 2017-12-28, Pataliputra, India elections.co.in, live,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20090424091118weblink">weblink 2009-04-24, WEB,weblink Monghyr (Munger) loksabha constituency seat election results, IndiaStudyChannel.com, 2017-12-28, live,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20171229052334weblink">weblink 2017-12-29, WEB,weblink Patna Sahib loksabha constituency seat election results, IndiaStudyChannel.com, 2017-12-28, live,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20171229112224weblink">weblink 2017-12-29,

• 178 Mokama
• 179 Barh
• 180 Bakhtiarpur
• 181 Digha
• 182 Bankipur
• 183 Kumhrar
• 184 Patna Sahib
• 185 Fatuha
• 186 Danapur
• 187 Maner
• 188 Phulwari (SC)
• 189 Masaurhi (SC)
• 190 Paliganj
• 191 Bikram

Parliamentary

The district has three parliament constituencies:

• 30 Patna Sahib (Lok Sabha constituency), covers Bakhtiarpur, Digha, Bankipur, Kumhrar, Patna Sahib and Fatuha.
• 31 Pataliputra (Lok Sabha constituency), covers Danapur, Maner, Phulwari, Masaurhi, Paliganj, and Bikram.
• 28 Munger/Monghyr (Lok Sabha constituency), covers Barh and Mokama and shared with Munger district.

-Numbers denote constituency number.

Education

Schools in Patna are either government run schools or private schools. Schools mainly use Hindi or English as the medium of instruction.BOOK,weblink International Aid and Private Schools for the Poor: Smiles, Miracles and Markets, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2013, Dixon, Pauline, 2013, 65, 9781781953457, live,weblink 2015-06-19, Under the 10+2+3/4 plan, after completing their secondary education, students typically enrol in a school with a higher secondary facility affiliated with the Bihar School Examination Board, the Central Board of Secondary Education, the National Institute of Open Schooling, or the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations.WEB, 23 May 2015, Class XI admission process begins in many schools,weblink live,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20160304025641weblink">weblink 4 March 2016, 29 December 2017, The Times of India,

List of villages

The Patna district has 1,395 villages and 322 Gram Panchayats under all 23 Blocks. The list of villages in Patna Sadar Block is as follows:

• Alipur ullar
• Digha East
• Digha West
• Fatehpur
• Mahuli
• Mainpura East
• Mainpura North
• Mainpura West
• Marchi
• Nakta Diyara
• Punadih
• Sabalpur
• Sonawapur

See also

• Patna Police
• Patna Metropolitan Region

References

{{reflist}}

External links

• Official website

{{commons category}}{{Geographic location|Centre = Patna district|North = Vaishali district|Northeast = Samastipur district|East = Begusarai district|Southeast = Nalanda district|South = Jehanabad district|Southwest = Arwal districtBhojpur District, Bihar>Bhojpur district|Northwest = Saran district}}{{Industry and company in bihar}}{{Districts of Bihar}}{{Patna Division}}{{Patna Division topics}}{{Patna}}{{Authority control}}