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{{Other uses|Enfield (disambiguation)}}{{Use British English|date=August 2015}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2016}}

factoids

| coordinates_footnotes = List of sovereign states>Sovereign state| subdivision_name = United KingdomCountry of the United Kingdom>Constituent country| subdivision_name2 = EnglandRegions of England>RegionGreater London>LondonCeremonial counties of England>Ceremonial county| subdivision_name4 = Greater London| established_title = Created| established_date = 1 April 1965| established_title1 = | established_date1 = | named_for = | seat_type = Admin HQEnfield Civic Centre>Civic Centre, Enfield Town| government_footnotes = London boroughs>London borough council| governing_body = Enfield London Borough Council| leader_title2 = London AssemblyJoanne McCartney AM for Enfield and Haringey (London Assembly constituency)>Enfield and HaringeyList of MPs elected in the 2010 United Kingdom general election>MPsFeryal Clark (Labour)Bambos Charalambous (Labour)>Kate Osamor (Labour)}}| leader_title4 = | leader_name4 = | total_type = | unit_pref = | area_footnotes = | area_magnitude = | area_total_km2 = 82.20| area_total_sq_mi = | area_total_dunam = | area_land_km2 = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_sq_mi = | area_water_percent = | area_urban_footnotes = | area_urban_km2 = | area_urban_sq_mi = | area_rural_footnotes = | area_rural_km2 = | area_rural_sq_mi = | area_metro_footnotes = | area_metro_km2 = | area_metro_sq_mi = ONS=00AKList of English districts by area>(of {{English district total}})| area_blank1_title = | area_blank1_km2 = | area_blank1_sq_mi = | area_blank2_title = | area_blank2_km2 = | area_blank2_sq_mi = | population_footnotes = ONS=00AK|GSS=E09000010}}| population_as_of = {{United Kingdom statistics year}}ONS=00AKList of English districts by population>(of {{English district total}})| population_density_km2 = auto| population_density_sq_mi = | population_blank2_title = | population_blank2 = | population_demonym = Greenwich Mean Time>GMT| utc_offset = ±00:00{{!}}UTCBritish Summer Time>BST| utc_offset_DST = +1Postcodes in the United Kingdom>PostcodesEN}}, {{postcodeE}}| area_code_type = | area_codes = 01992, 020| geocode = | iso_code = GB-ENF| registration_plate = ONS coding system>ONS code| blank1_info = 00AKGSS coding system>GSS code| blank2_info = E09000010List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom>Police| blank_info_sec2 = Metropolitan Police| website = new.enfield.gov.ukEdmonton, London>Edmonton, Enfield Town, and Southgate.}}The London Borough of Enfield ({{audio|En-uk-LBEnfield.ogg|pronunciation}}) is a London borough in Greater London, England. The main communities in the borough are Edmonton, Enfield, Southgate and Palmers Green. Enfield is an Outer London borough and forms part of North London, being the northernmost borough. The local authority is Enfield London Borough Council, based at Enfield Civic Centre. The borough’s population is estimated to be 333,794.It borders the London boroughs of Barnet to the west, Haringey to the south, and Waltham Forest to the southeast. To the north are the districts of Hertsmere, Welwyn Hatfield and Broxbourne (in Hertfordshire), and to the east is Epping Forest District in Essex.

Etymology

Enfield was recorded in Domesday Book in 1086 as Enefelde, and as Einefeld in 1214, Enfeld in 1293, and Enfild in 1564: that is ‘open land of a man called Ä’ana’, or ‘where lambs are reared’, from the Old English feld with an Old English personal name or with Old English Ä“an ‘lamb’. The feld would have been a reference to an area cleared of trees within woodland that would later become known as Enfield Chase.Mills A. D. Oxford Dictionary of London Place Names (2001) p76 {{ISBN|0-19-860957-4}} Retrieved 28 October 2008

History

In Roman times, Enfield was connected to Londinium by Ermine Street, the great Roman road which stretched all the way up to York. Artefacts found in the early 1900s reveal that there were Roman settlements in the areas that are now Edmonton and Bush Hill Park.In 790 King Offa of Mercia was recorded as giving the lands of Edmonton to St Albans Abbey. The area became strategically important as East Anglia was taken over by the Danes. In the 890s strongholds were built by men loyal to King Alfred the Great, in order to keep the Danes to the east of the River Lea.After the Norman Conquest, both Enfield and Edmonton were mentioned in Domesday Book. Both had churches, and Enfield had 400 inhabitants, Edmonton 300. Enfield is also described as having a “parc”. This parc—a heavily forested area for hunting—was key to Enfield’s existence in the Middle Ages (see Enfield Old Park). Wealthy Londoners came to Enfield first to hunt, and then to build houses in the green, wooded surroundings. In 1303, Edward I of England granted Enfield a charter to hold a weekly market, which has continued up to this day. The old market cross was removed in the early 20th century to make way for a monument to the coronation of King Edward VII, but was preserved by the horticulturalist E. A. Bowles for his garden at nearby Myddelton House, where it remains today.Bryan Hewitt (1997) The Crocus King: E. A. Bowles of Myddelton HouseEnfield Grammar School with its Tudor Old Hall stands next to the Enfield Town Market Place and St. Andrew’s Church, the school having been extended several times since 1586. A new hall and further additions were completed shortly before World War II.WEB , Nearby historically was the palace of Edward VI, where Elizabeth I lived while a princess, including during the final illness of Henry VIII. Edward was taken there to join her, so that in the company of his sister, Edward Seymour, 1st Earl of Hertford could break the news to Edward, formally announcing the death of their royal father in the presence chamber at Enfield, on his knees to make formal obeisance to the boy as King.Edward VI, Jorge H. Castelli Later Elizabeth held court there when she was queen (this was remembered in the name Palace Gardens that was a street running behind Pearsons department store and is still recalled in the name of Enfield’s shopping centre).Enfield Town – Top Models of Royal Enfield {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080207111001www.enfield.gov.uk/planning/UDP%20Main/Chapt15%20Enfield%20Town%20Centre.htm |date=7 February 2008 }} Retrieved 15 November 2007

Industry

Enfield has a history of armaments manufacture—see Royal Small Arms Factory. The Lee–Enfield .303 rifle was standard issue for the British Army until 1957, although its usage carried on afterwards for some time. Other firearms manufactured there include the Bren and Sten machine guns—the “en” in both cases denoting the place of manufacture.The world’s first solid state circuitry colour televisions were manufactured by Ferguson at their now closed plant in Enfield.The first mass-produced dishwasher was manufactured in Hotpoint’s now closed Enfield plant.The Barclays Bank branch in Enfield was the first place in the world to have an ATM or cash machine; it was officially opened in June 1967 by Reg Varney, a television actor and personality most famous for his lead role in the comedy series On the Buses. This historical event was marked by a silver plaque on the wall of the bank, and later by an English Heritage Blue plaque.A fine example of a grade II listed art deco factory building can be found along Southbury Road, with the former Ripaults Factory,{{NHLE|num=1079486|desc=RIPAULTS FACTORY, Non Civil Parish|access-date=2 May 2016}} now an office building for Travis Perkins.(File:London Borough of Enfield street sign.jpg|thumbnail|left|London Borough of Enfield street sign)

Administrative history

The area of the modern borough broadly corresponds to the two ancient parishes of Enfield and Edmonton, and was historically part of the county of Middlesex. Both parishes were made local board districts in 1850, each with an elected board overseeing public health and responsible for the provision of infrastructure.BOOK, Lawes, Edward, The Act for Promoting the Public Health, with notes, 1851, 254–257,www.google.co.uk/books/edition/The_Act_for_promoting_the_Public_Health/MRJXAAAAcAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA254&printsec=frontcover, 18 May 2024, The Edmonton district was divided in 1881, when its western part was made a separate district called Southgate. Such districts were reconstituted as urban districts under the Local Government Act 1894.BOOK, Kelly’s Directory of Middlesex, 1914, 352,specialcollections.le.ac.uk/digital/collection/p16445coll4/id/63660/rec/4, 18 May 2024, Each of the three urban districts was later raised to the status of a municipal borough: Southgate in 1933,WEB, Southgate Urban District / Municipal Borough,visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10081490#tab02, A Vision of Britain through Time, GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, 18 May 2024, Edmonton in 1937,WEB, Edmonton Urban District / Municipal Borough,visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10074150, A Vision of Britain through Time, GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, 18 May 2024, and Enfield in 1955.WEB, Enfield Urban District / Municipal Borough,visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10023737, A Vision of Britain through Time, GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, 18 May 2024, The modern borough was created in 1965 under the London Government Act 1963, covering the combined area of the former boroughs of Enfield, Edmonton and Southgate, which were all abolished at the same time. The area was transferred from Middlesex to Greater London to become one of the 32 London Boroughs.BOOK, Frederic, Youngs, Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England, I: Southern England, 1979, Royal Historical Society, London, 0-901050-67-9, The armorial bearings of these three boroughs were also merged. The heraldic beast on the shield of the Enfield coat of arms is known in heraldry as an “Enfield” (or colloquially as the Enfield beast), and is used extensively as a logo representing Enfield, particularly by the borough council.

Enfield today

(File:Enfield Town centre, Enfield - geograph.org.uk - 1076291.jpg|thumb|Enfield Town)The borough’s Civic Centre is in Silver Street, Enfield Town, and is home to the council. Enfield Town is also home to the local credit union, North London Credit Union.In 2007, Enfield Town centre completed a major redevelopment project under the name PalaceXchange while retaining the Palace Gardens Shopping Centre. An extension was added to the existing retail area with many new shops, and a second multi-storey car park was built along with a new road layout.A major redevelopment of Edmonton Green including the shopping centre, and adjacent municipal housing over a wide area, started in 1999. This is still on-going, and provides new housing, health facilities, a new leisure centre, a supermarket, and many other civic features.Many local activities are located around the A10 road, on the sites of former industrial enterprises, which has a number of large retail outlets and a large multiplex Cineworld cinema. The cinema also hosts Jubilee Church on a Sunday morning; whilst cinemagoers continue to watch films in the other screens, a charismatic church which draws its worshippers from a wide area, hiring several auditoria for worship.{{citation needed|date=January 2023}}The western part of Enfield is largely residential, with shopping centres in Southgate, Palmers Green and Cockfosters.Parts of Enfield experienced rioting in August 2011, in which a private car and a van were set alight and completely destroyed, a police car vandalised (smashed windows) and a number of shops in Enfield Town Centre as well as others in the Enfield Retail Park being broken into and looted. The Sony Distribution Centre in the Innova Business Park, near Waltham Cross, was burnt to the ground. In September 2012, a year after the attack, a rebuilt Sony Distribution Centre was opened by the prime minister, David Cameron.WEB,www.metro.co.uk/music/872111-london-riots-three-teens-arrested-over-sony-pias-warehouse-fire, London riots: Three teens arrested over Sony/PIAS warehouse fire, 11 August 2011,

Governance

File:Civic Centre, Silver Street, Enfield - geograph.org.uk - 1691861.jpg|thumb|Enfield Civic CentreEnfield Civic CentreThe local authority is Enfield Council, based at the Civic Centre on Silver Street in Enfield.

Greater London representation

Since 2000, for elections to the London Assembly, the borough forms part of the Enfield and Haringey constituency.

Demographics

{{Historical populations|type = UK|title = Population|footnote = Source: A Vision of Britain through time, citing Census population10789132491587616745181111885426819347844275068557103049154907177309202969243489292100279907268239257169263096273563312466}}(File:Enfield population pyramid.svg|thumb|Population pyramid of Enfield in 2021)(File:Ethnic makeup of Enfield by single year ages in 2021.svg|thumb|Ethnic makeup of Enfield by single year ages in 2021){{Pie chart|thumb = rightChristianity in the United Kingdom>Christianity|value1 = 46.4|color1 = RoyalBlueIslam in the United Kingdom>Islam|value2 = 18.6|color2 = #29AB87Hinduism in the United Kingdom>Hinduism|value3 = 3.1|color3 = #FF7538|label4 = Other religions|value4 = 5.1|color4 = #AF6E4DIrreligion in the United Kingdom>Non-religious|value5 = 19.8|color5 = LightGrey|label6 = Not Stated|value6 = 7.0|color6 = SmokeyWhite}}{|class=“wikitable sortable” style="text-align:right“! rowspan=“3” |Ethnic Group! colspan=“10” |Year! colspan=“2” |1981 estimationsJOURNAL, 1985, Ethnic minorities in Britain: statistical information on the pattern of settlement,jstor.org/stable/community.28327806, Commission for Racial Equality, English, Table 2.2, ! colspan=“2” |1991WEB, 1991 census – theme tables,www.nomisweb.co.uk/query/asv2htm.aspx, 20 January 2017, NOMIS, 30 September 2018,web.archive.org/web/20180930205650/https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/query/asv2htm.aspx, dead, ! colspan=“2” |2001WEB,www.nomisweb.co.uk/query/construct/submit.asp?forward=yes&menuopt=201&subcomp=, KS006 - Ethnic group, NOMIS, 30 January 2016, ! colspan=“2” |2011WEB,www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/QS201EW/view/1946157259?cols=measures, Ethnic Group by measures, NOMIS, 8 January 2016, ! colspan=“2” |2021!Number!%!Number!%!Number!%!Number!%!Number!%|||||||||||! style="text-align:left” | White: Total !219,115!86%!221,102!85.9%!! 210,949 !! 77.1% !! 190,640 !! 61.0%!171,884!52.1%British|–|–|–| 40.5%|103,140|31.3%Irish|–|–|–| 2.2%|5,969|1.8%Gypsy or Irish Traveller|–|–|–| 0.1%|374|0.1%|White: Roma|–|–|–|–|–|–|–|–|1,121|0.3%Other|–|–|–| 18.2%|61,280|18.6%! style="text-align:left” | Asian or Asian British: Total !–!–!16,861!6.6%!! 23,260 !! 8.5% !! 34,893 !! 11.1%!40,058!11.5%Indian|–|–|9057| 3.7%|11,870|3.6%Pakistani|–|–|1046| 0.8%|3,674|1.1%Bangladeshi|–|–|2130| 1.8%|8,123|2.5%Chinese|–|–|1152| 0.8%|2,691|0.8%Black or Black British: Total !–!–!15,872!6.16%!! 28,591 !! 10.4% !! 53,687 !! 17.1%!60,512!18.2%African|–|–|4087| 9.0%|36,463|11.0%Caribbean|–|–|9402| 5.5%|16,990|5.1%Other Black|–|–|2383| 2.6%|7,059|2.1%! style="text-align:left” | Mixed or British Mixed: Total !–!–!–!–!! 9,089 !! 3.0% !! 17,183 !! 5.5%!19,558!6% Mixed: White and Black African |–|–|–| 0.8%|2,994|0.9% Mixed: Other Mixed |–|–|–| 1.8%|7,581|2.3% 5! style="text-align:left” | Other: Total !–!–!3,582!1.39%!! 4,595 !! 0.9% !! 16,063 !! 5.3%!40,058!12.2% Other: Any other ethnic group |–|–|3582| 4.6%|37,523|11.4%! style="text-align:left” | Ethnic minority: Total !35,788!14%!36,315!14.15%!! 65,535 !! 22.9% !! 121,826 !! 39.0%!160,186!47.9%|||||||||||! style="text-align:left” | Total !254,903!100%!257,417!100%!! 276,484 !! 100.00% !! 312,466 !! 100.00%!329,985!100%

Public services

Health

Two major NHS hospitals, Chase Farm Hospital operated by the Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust and North Middlesex Hospital operated by the North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, are located in the borough. NHS Enfield Clinical Commissioning Group is responsible for local primary health care, taking over this role from Enfield Primary Care NHS Trust in 2013. Another hospital in the borough, Highlands, was closed in 1993.

Education

Schools

{{See also|List of schools in Enfield}}The London Borough of Enfield is the education authority for the district. Education is provided in a mix of community, voluntary aided and state schools.Education gateway for LB Enfield {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070621155818www.enfield.gov.uk/nav1/100005.asp |date=21 June 2007 }} accessed 5 June 2007 A number of private schools are also located in the borough.The borough is home to the well-renowned Enfield Grammar School, founded in 1558, which still uses its Tudor building which is now often referred to as the Old Hall. Enfield Grammar School is based in the center of Enfield Town. St Ignatius’ College is the borough’s largest Catholic school and one of the best-performing non-selective schools in the borough, at both GCSE and A-Level.Results in Enfield, 2006: GCSE Bishop Stopford’s School is Enfield’s largest school, and The College of Haringey, Enfield and North East London also has a campus in the borough.In 2007 a new school named Oasis Academy Enfield was opened, following the takeover of Albany by the Oasis Company as Oasis Academy Hadley.The Latymer School is another Grammar school in the borough, and is based in the Edmonton area.Enfield County School is an all girls comprehensive school which sits opposite Enfield Grammar Boys school in Enfield town. It is a split site school with the lower years situated towards the area of Forty Hall.{{citation needed|date=January 2023}}

University

Middlesex University, the former polytechnic, used to have two campuses in Enfield: Cat Hill and Trent Park. These sites both closed in 2011 and courses were relocated to the Hendon campus.Oak Hill Theological College, an associate college of Middlesex University, is located in the borough.Capel Manor College also offers various courses.

London Fire Brigade

The London Borough of Enfield has three fire stations; Edmonton, Enfield and Southgate. However, if an incident requires a higher attendance, appliances from throughout London can be mobilised to meet the needs of the area if required.WEB,www.london-fire.gov.uk/about_us/media/Enfield.pdf,www.london-fire.gov.uk/about_us/media/Enfield.pdf," title="web.archive.org/web/20080227185955www.london-fire.gov.uk/about_us/media/Enfield.pdf,">web.archive.org/web/20080227185955www.london-fire.gov.uk/about_us/media/Enfield.pdf, dead, London Fire Brigade – Enfield Profile, 27 February 2008, The three fire stations operate a total of five pumping appliances, one rescue tender, a command unit and a USAR unit.Urban Search and Rescue Vehicles {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080212120739www.usar.org.uk/equipment.htm |date=12 February 2008 }} {{Dead link|date=July 2022}}Of the three fire stations within the borough, Enfield is mobilised to the most incidents and has the largest station ground (the area of which Enfield is the first appliance to attend).London Fire Brigade – Enfield Profile {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080227185955www.london-fire.gov.uk/about_us/media/Enfield.pdf/ |date=27 February 2008 }} ]{{Dead link|date=July 2022}}

Museums

The borough’s museums include Forty Hall and the garden exhibitions at Capel Manor, Myddleton House (part of the Lee Valley Park) and the Whitewebbs Museum of Transport.The Borough’s own museum is based in Thomas Hardy House, 39 London Road.

Youth activities

{{unreferenced section|date=January 2023}}Scouting and Guiding have many groups within Enfield. The annual St George’s Day Parade has around a thousand young people marching through Enfield Town, led by the Enfield District Scout Band.The Boys’ and Girls’ Brigade are also quite active within the borough, participating in various ceremonies and events throughout the year, including the Enfield Town Show, St Georges Day Parade and on Remembrance Day Parade.The Air Training Corps has three units in the area, No.85 (Enfield & Southgate) Squadron based in Winchmore Hill and Enfield Town, No.1159 (Edmonton) Squadron based in Edmonton, No.1571 (Ayleward) Squadron based in Aylward School and No.2473 (Highlands & Southgate) Squadron in Highlands School, Southgate.The Red Room music and film project ran from 2008 – 2014 based in Ponders End, aimed at 13 – 19 year olds supported and funded by Enfield Council.

Media

Enfield DispatchWEB, Dispatch, Enfield, 2018-09-27, About us,enfielddispatch.co.uk/about/, 2024-02-18, Enfield Dispatch, en-GB, and Enfield Independent provide local news.

Sport and recreation

Enfield’s King George’s Field, named in memory of King George V, includes the Queen Elizabeth II athletics stadium, the Enfield Ignatians Rugby Club and numerous football, rugby and baseball diamonds. The playing fields were used as a POW camp for Italians during World War II.The second largest playing fields are at Firs Farm on Firs Lane. There are a handful of rugby pitches along with more than a dozen football pitches. These are used by local amateur football clubs including Winchmore Hill Football Club,WEB,www.winchmorehillfc.co.uk/, Winchmore Hill Football Club, www.winchmorehillfc.co.uk, Mayfield Athletic FC and Southgate County FC. The pitches drain reasonably well{{according to whom|date=January 2023}} but are generally in poor condition with old, rusted goalposts. The changing facilities are also very dilapidated, with some changing rooms being no more than concrete sheds with corrugated roofs.Many sports teams and clubs are located in Enfield; Winchmore Hill Sports Club, Winchmore Hill Football Club, Enfield Town F.C., Enfield 1893 F.C., Cockfosters F.C., Enfield Borough F.C. and Futsal Club Enfield are the most prominent. The once successful football club, Enfield FC, were forced into a nomadic existence after the sale of their Southbury Road ground and became defunct at the end of the 2006/2007 season after years of ground sharing at many Hertfordshire based clubs. Enfield 1893 were formed after Enfield FC’s demise and have spent time groundsharing at Ware FC and Broxbourne Borough FC. They finally found a ground in the borough when they merged with Brimsdown Rovers for the start of the 2011/2012 season. Saracens Rugby Football Club used to play in Enfield and still train at Bramley Road sports ground near Cockfosters.{{citation needed|date=January 2023}}The principal cricket clubs in the area are Enfield,WEB,www.enfieldcricketclub.com/, Enfield Cricket, www.enfieldcricketclub.com, Winchmore Hill Cricket Club ,WEB,www.winchmorehillcc.co.uk/, Welcome to Winchmore Hill Cricket Club Website, www.winchmorehillcc.co.uk, Edmonton and Southgate, with many others playing cricket in and around the borough such as, Enfield Invicta, Mayfield CC, Myddleton House, North Enfield CC, Botany Bay and Holtwhites Trinibis CC. Many clubs play in either the Middlesex Cricket League or the Hertfordshire League. Enfield, Southgate, and Winchmore Hill have long been the area’s most successful cricket clubs, regularly competing in the Middlesex Premier League. Enfield (in 1988) and Southgate (in 1977) are both past winners of the ECB National Club Cricket ChampionshipThe main swimming club in the borough is Enfield Swim Squad, which was created from an amalgamation of Edmonton Phoenix S.C. and Griffins S.C. of Enfield.{{citation needed|date=January 2023}}Futsal is also played in the area with Futsal Club Enfield who were founded in 2007 playing in the National Futsal League Premiership South Division for 2019/20.{{citation needed|date=January 2023}}Gaelic Football is also played in the area. The club North London Shamrocks play at Enfield Playing Fields.{{citation needed|date=January 2023}}Enfield Phoenix is the local basketball club with teams playing in the National League and the Central London League. The team play at the Edmonton Leisure Centre, Edmonton Green with seating for 400 spectators.{{citation needed|date=January 2023}}Theatre goers are catered for by the Intimate Theatre, the Millfield Theatre, the Dugdale CentreWEB,forms.enfield.gov.uk/peo/default.asp?cgCode=21&cgName=Dugdale%20Centre&interface=48, Dugdale Centre, 11 October 2013, Box Office, Enfield Council,web.archive.org/web/20130815090730/https://forms.enfield.gov.uk/peo/default.asp?cgCode=21&cgName=Dugdale%20Centre&interface=48, 15 August 2013, dead, dmy-all, WEB,www.loveyourdoorstep.co.uk/local-businesses/Entry-Detail/119-The-Dugdale-Centre/3-Local-Businesses, The Dugdale Centre, 11 October 2013, 13 December 2012, Love Your Doorstep, 21 June 2013,www.loveyourdoorstep.co.uk/local-businesses/Entry-Detail/119-The-Dugdale-Centre/3-Local-Businesses," title="web.archive.org/web/20130621064920www.loveyourdoorstep.co.uk/local-businesses/Entry-Detail/119-The-Dugdale-Centre/3-Local-Businesses,">web.archive.org/web/20130621064920www.loveyourdoorstep.co.uk/local-businesses/Entry-Detail/119-The-Dugdale-Centre/3-Local-Businesses, dead, and the Chickenshed Theatre Company, with amateur and professional shows, dance pieces, musicals and live music on show. Amateur dramatic companies include Saint Monica’s Players, The Capel Players and The London Pantomimers.WEB,www.thelondonpantomimers.org.uk/, The London Pantomimers, 1 April 2012,www.thelondonpantomimers.org.uk/," title="web.archive.org/web/20120814132323www.thelondonpantomimers.org.uk/,">web.archive.org/web/20120814132323www.thelondonpantomimers.org.uk/, 14 August 2012, dead, dmy-all, Talkies Community Cinema screens British Independent and specialist films in a range of venues across the borough.Tottenham Hotspur Football Club’s new training ground is located in Enfield at Bulls Cross.WEB,www.guardian-series.co.uk/news/8278439.CHIGWELL__Details_of_Spurs_training_ground_move_revealed/, CHIGWELL: Questions raised over Spurs training ground move, East London and West Essex Guardian Series, Enfield is the home to the annual Livestock Music Festival.WEB,www.livestockuk.com, Home, www.livestockuk.com, It is also home to Cheerleading squads- Sapphire Elite Cheerleaders, North London Wildcats and Enfield Blaze All-star Cheerleaders.{{citation needed|date=January 2023}}Croquet is played at Enfield Croquet Club in Bush Hill Park.WEB,www.enfieldcroquet.org/, Home, www.enfieldcroquet.org, The first international branch of the WWE Performance Center was opened in Enfield’s Great Cambridge Industrial Estate on 11 January 2019. The center is used by the WWE as a professional wrestling school to train potential future wrestlers from across the globe, as well as a training centre for current WWE wrestlers.WEB,www.skysports.com/wwe/news/14203/11603856/wwe-opens-london-performance-centre-as-part-of-international-expansion, WWE opens London performance centre as part of international expansion, Sky Sports, 14 January 2019,

Transport

In 1840 the first section of the Northern and Eastern Railway was opened from Stratford to Broxbourne, with stations at Water Lane (Angel Road) and Ponders End. Further stations were added in 1855 at Enfield Lock (Royal Small Arms Factory) and 1884 at Brimsdown. A branch line from Water Lane to Enfield Town was opened in 1849 serving Edmonton Low Level and Enfield Town. A further station was added in 1880 at Bush Hill Park. The direct line from London to Enfield Town was opened in 1872 with stations at Silver Street and Lower Edmonton (now called Edmonton Green). In 1891, a loop from Edmonton serving Southbury (Churchbury) and Turkey Street (Forty Hill) to Cheshunt on the main line was added. The Cheshunt and Enfield Town services are currently served by London Overground.In 1871 the Great Northern Railway opened its station on Windmill Hill. This was later replaced in 1910 when the line was extended to Cuffley. This section of railway is now part of the line commonly known as the Hertford Loop.File:EnfieldLU.png|frame|London Underground services in Enfield at the eastern end of the Piccadilly linePiccadilly lineEnfield is served by the Piccadilly line of the London Underground with stations at Arnos Grove, Southgate, Oakwood (named as Enfield West when it first opened) and Cockfosters (where the line terminates). Suburban London Overground and National Rail Great Northern services also run within the borough.There are numerous bus services throughout the borough run by Transport for London.The main roads running through the borough include the North Circular Road, the M25, Green Lanes, the A10 and the old Hertford Road (A1010).In March 2011, the main forms of transport that residents used to travel to work were: driving a car or van, 26.1% of all residents aged 16–74; underground, metro, light rail, tram, 8.2%; bus, minibus or coach, 8.2%; train, 7.3%; on foot, 4.0%; work mainly at or from home, 2.7%; passenger in a car or van, 1.6%.WEB, 2011 Census: QS701EW Method of travel to work, local authorities in England and Wales,www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-and-quick-statistics-for-wards-and-output-areas-in-england-and-wales/rft-qs701ew.xls, Office for National Statistics, 23 November 2013, Percentages are of all residents aged 16–74 including those not in employment. Respondents could only pick one mode, specified as the journey’s longest part by distance.

Town twinning

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in the United Kingdom}}Enfield is twinned with:

• {{flagicon|FRA}} Courbevoie, Hauts-de-Seine, ÃŽle-de-France, France
• {{flagicon|GER}} Gladbeck, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
• {{flagicon|Greece}} Halandri, Greece
• {{flagicon|Turkey}} Sarıyer, Turkey
• {{flagicon|Austria}} Schwechat, Lower Austria, Austria
• {{flagicon|Germany}} Wandlitz, Brandenburg, Germany
• {{flagicon|Germany}} Freudenstadt, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

See also

• Enfield parks and open spaces
• List of churches in the London Borough of Enfield
• List of districts in Enfield
• List of people from Enfield

References

{{Reflist|2}}

External links

• Enfield Council

{{LB Enfield}}{{London}}{{Authority control}}