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1968 Israeli raid on Lebanon
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1968 Israeli raid on Lebanon
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{{Short description|Israeli Special Forces raid at Beirut Airport}}{{DISPLAYTITLE:1968 Israeli raid on Lebanon}}{{Operational plan| name = 1968 Israeli raid on Lebanon| image = ××צע תש××¨× 3.jpg| caption = Burning MEA Caravelle| partof = Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon| scope = | planned = | planned_by = Israel Defense Forces- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
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Middle East Airlines passenger planes on BeirutâRafic Hariri International Airport>Beirut International Airport | Sayeret Matkal| outcome = Israeli success}}{{Campaignbox Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon}}The 1968 Israeli raid on Lebanon, code-named Operation Gift (, mivtza t'shura), was an Israeli Special Forces operation at the Beirut International Airport in the evening of December 28, 1968, in retaliation for the attack on the Israeli Airliner El Al Flight 253 two days earlier by the Lebanon-based Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP).The commandos from the Israeli army's elite Sayeret Matkal destroyed 12 passenger airplanesreferences differ; less reliable reports quote a total of 13 aircraft belonging to Middle East Airlines (MEA) and Lebanese International Airways (LIA) and two cargo planes belonging to Trans Mediterranean Airways (TMA).Time (July 13, 2006). weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20060716102408weblink">"The Risks of Israel's Two-Front War". Retrieved May 30, 2008.Annual summary 1968/3, Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved November 9, 2015 There were no casualties reported in the raid.Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs (August 13, 2000). "THE WAR OF ATTRITION AND THE CEASE FIRE - INTRODUCTION". Retrieved May 30, 2008.OperationAt 20:37 hours on 28 December 1968, eight Israeli Air Force Super Frelon helicopters and eight Bell helicopters took off from Ramat David Airbase for Lebanon. Six of the Super Frelon helicopters carried the attack force, which consisted of 64 Sayeret Matkal commandos, with the other two acting in reserve. Seven of the Bell helicopters were assigned an active role in the mission, with one remaining in reserve. Of the seven, five were to act in support of evacuating the commandos, one was to serve as command center of the operation, and another was to provide support in patrol and transmission.Operation GiftOperation Gift - Jewish Virtual LibraryExpensesOf the 14 aircraft destroyed, 8 (1 Vickers VC-10 (on lease from Ghana Airways), 1 Boeing 707-320C, 2 Caravelle VIN, 3 Comet 4C and 1 Vickers Viscount) belonged to MEA, which was 30% owned by Air France, 5% by Lebanese individuals and 65% by the Intra Investment Company. Intra was an inter-governmental corporation constituted by the Kuwaiti, Qatari, Lebanese and American governments. The US was represented by the Commodity Credit Corporation, which was owed money by Intra Bank, the predecessor of Intra Company, for wheat sales.Lebanese International Airways owned 4 of the destroyed aircraft (2 Douglas DC-7 and 2 Convair 990 Coronado) which were 58% American owned.Trans-Mediterranean Airways lost 2 planes (1 Douglas DC-4 and 1 Douglas DC-6) owned by private Lebanese individuals.The total value of the planes was estimated to be $43.8 million, of which British insurers initially agreed to pay $18 million, excluding all policies that did not cover acts of war.John Norton Morton (Editor) (1974) The Arab Israeli Conflict. Volume II. Princeton University Press. {{ISBN|0-691-05648-X}}. p.221, quoting The New York Times 5 January 1969, section 4, p.1CriticismThe attack drew widespread international condemnation. The United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 262 on 31 December 1968, which condemned Israel for the "premeditated military action in violation of its obligations under the Charter and the cease-fire resolutions", issued a "solemn warning to Israel that if such acts were to be repeated, the Council would have to consider further steps to give effect to its decisions", and stated that Lebanon was entitled to appropriate redress. The resolution was adopted unanimously.Resolution 262The raid resulted in a sharp rebuke from the United States, which stated that nothing suggested that the Lebanese authorities had anything to do with the El Al Flight 253 attack.Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Israel, Washington, December 29, 1968: Subject: Israeli Attack on Khaldeh Airport.Notes{{reflist|group=note}}References{{reflist}}External links
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