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{{Short description|Historical city in Hong Kong}}{{For|other places named Victoria|Victoria (disambiguation)}}{{EngvarB|date=July 2016}}{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}

factoids

{{Chinese| title = City of Victoria| t = 維多利亞市維多利亞城| s = 维多利亚市维多利亚城| j = Wai4 do1 lei6 aa3 si5Wai4 do1 lei6 aa3 sing4| y = Wàih dō leih a síhWàih dō leih a sìngwɐ̏itɔ́ːlèiʔā si̬ːwɐ̏itɔ́ːlèiʔā si̭ːŋ|}}| p = Wéiduōlìyà ShìWéiduōlìyà Chéng}}The City of Victoria,WEB,www.hklii.hk/en/legis/ord/1/sch1, CAP 1 INTERPRETATION AND GENERAL CLAUSES ORDINANCE Schedule 1 Boundaries of the City of Victoria, hklii.hk, ({{zh|t=維多利亞市}},WEB,www.hklii.hk/chi/hk/legis/ord/1/sch1.html, zh:第1ç«  《釋義及通則條例》 附表1 維多利亞市的界線, CAP 1 INTERPRETATION AND GENERAL CLAUSES ORDINANCE Schedule 1 Boundaries of the City of Victoria, zh, hklii.hk, or {{zh|t=維多利亞城|labels=no}})WEB, Yeung Sum, 5 July 2006, OFFICIAL RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS, zh:會議過程正式紀錄,www.legco.gov.hk/yr05-06/chinese/counmtg/floor/cm0705ti-confirm-c.pdf, 2 October 2021, Legislative Council of Hong Kong, en, zh-hant, often called Victoria City or simply Victoria ({{zh|t=維城}}), was the de facto capital of Hong Kong during its time as a British dependent territory.“Hong Kong” It was initially named Queenstown but was soon known as Victoria.Shelton, Barrie; Karakiewicz, Justyna; Kvan, Thomas (2011). The Making of Hong Kong: From Vertical to Volumetric. Routledge. p. 41. {{ISBN|113685763X}}. It was one of the first urban settlements in Hong Kong and its boundaries are recorded in the Laws of Hong Kong.WEB,www.blis.gov.hk/blis_ind.nsf/B505654FA2FD062B4825647A00339D10/AA3679ED0931CC00482580D7000C74A7?OpenDocument, Cap 1 Sched 1 Boundaries of the City of Victoria (Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance), www.blis.gov.hk, 2018-03-23, {{Dead link|date=February 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} All government bureaux and many key departments still have their head offices located within its limit.Present-day Central is at the heart of Victoria City. Although the city expanded over much of what is now Kennedy Town, Shek Tong Tsui, Lung Fu Shan, Sai Ying Pun, Sheung Wan, Wan Chai, Happy Valley, the Mid-Levels, East Point and parts of Causeway Bay,Wordie, Jason (2002). Streets: Exploring Hong Kong Island. Hong Kong University Press. p. 12. {{ISBN|962-209-563-1}}. the name Victoria has been eclipsed by Central in popular usage.Tsang, Steve (2004). A Modern History of Hong Kong. I.B. Tauris. p. 17. {{ISBN|1-84511-419-1}}. However, the name is still used in places such as Victoria Park, Victoria Peak, Victoria Harbour, Victoria Prison, and a number of roads and streets. It is also retained in the names of various organisations such as the Victoria City District of the Hong Kong Scout,Victoria City District and the Victoria Junior Chamber.Victoria Junior Chamber The name Victoria District Court had been used into the 1980s,WEB,www.info.gov.hk/bor/eng/pdf/dv22_first/d1307.doc, Volume 22 Inland Revenue Board of Review decisions, 8 July 2010, 10 November 2013,www.info.gov.hk/bor/eng/pdf/dv22_first/d1307.doc," title="web.archive.org/web/20131110115203www.info.gov.hk/bor/eng/pdf/dv22_first/d1307.doc,">web.archive.org/web/20131110115203www.info.gov.hk/bor/eng/pdf/dv22_first/d1307.doc, dead, CACC497/1986 The Queen v. Chan Ngai HungCACC186A/1987 The Queen v Currency Brokers (H.K.) Ltd and Robert Lee FlickingerCACC133A/1986 The Queen v. Wai Hin Keung when it was moved to the Wanchai Tower and combined with other district courts in the territory.

History

“City of Victoria” had appeared on the statute books early in the 1845,WEB, Summary Offences Ordinance,oelawhk.lib.hku.hk/archive/files/495d6193003b4df627ba7b487b43d76f.pdf, University of Hong Kong, although names such as ”Town of Victoria” can be found as well.WEB, Peace and Quiet Ordinance,oelawhk.lib.hku.hk/archive/files/b7fb7b4142cf18db5231814a2c893860.pdf, University of Hong Kong, Letter patent that formally confers the city status and creates the City of Victoria was made on 11 May 1849.WEB, ORIGINAL LETTERS PATENT CREATING BISHOPRIC OF VICTORIA,archives.hkskh.org/HistoryDetails.aspx?id=2&lang=2, 2024-05-09, HKSKH, In 1857, the British government expanded the scope of Victoria City and divided it into four wans ({{zh|first=t,j|t=ç’°|j=waan4|p=huán|l=rings}}). The four wans are Sai Wan (“West Ring” in Chinese, present-day Sai Wan, including Kennedy Town, Shek Tong Tsui, and Sai Ying Pun), Sheung Wan (“Upper Ring” in Chinese, present-day Sheung Wan), Choong Wan or Chung Wan (“Central Ring” in Chinese, present-day Central) and Ha Wan (“Lower Ring” in Chinese, present-day Wan Chai). “Sai Wan”, “Sheung Wan” and “Choong Wan” retain the same name in Chinese today.The four wans are further divided into nine yeuks ({{zh|first=t,j|t=ç´„|j=joek3|p=yuÄ“}}, similar to “district” or “neighbourhood“). The coverage also included parts of East Point and Happy Valley (West of Wong Nai Chung Road on the east side of the racecourse). In 1903, boundary stones were established to mark the city’s boundary and six of them are still preserved today. The stones spread from Causeway Bay to Kennedy Town.Wordie, Jason (2002)In the 1890s, Victoria extended four miles west to east along the coastal strip. Buildings were made of granite and brick. Buses and the new tramway would become the main form of transportation in the area.BOOK, The British Empire in the nineteenth century: its progress and expansion at home and abroad, Sanderson, Edgar, Edgar Sanderson, IV, 1897–1898, Blackie and Son, London, 11625716, 02002538, 339,archive.org/details/britishempireinn04sandiala, The city is centred in present-day Central, and named after Queen Victoria in 1843. It occupies the areas known in modern times as Central, Admiralty, Sheung Wan, Wan Chai, East Point, Shek Tong Tsui, the Mid-levels, the Peak, Happy Valley, Tin Hau, and Kennedy Town, on Hong Kong Island.{{multiple image| align=center| direction=horizontal| image1=Tcitp d154 city of victoria.jpg| width1=300| image2=Tcitp d154 hong kong harbour.jpg| width2=320| footer= Map of Victoria published in 1908| footer_align=center}}

Boundaries

(File:Victoria City in Hong Kong Island (1907).png|250px|thumb|Delimitations of British Hong Kong Capital Victoria City in 1907)The city boundaries are defined in the laws of Hong Kong as follows:

• On the north – The Harbour;
• On the west – A line running due north and south drawn through the north-west angle of Inland Lot No. 1299 and extending southwards a distance of 850 feet from the aforesaid angle;
• On the south – A line running due east from the southern extremity of the western boundary until it meets a contour in the vicinity of the Hill above Belchers 700 feet above principal datum, that is to say, a level 17.833 feet below the bench-mark known as “Rifleman’s Bolt”, the highest point of a copper bolt set horizontally in the east wall of the Royal Navy Office and Mess Block Naval Dockyard, and thence following the said contour until it meets the eastern boundary;
• On the east – A line following the west side of the Government Pier, Bay View and thence along the west side of {{ill|Hing Fat Street|zh-tw|興發街}}, then along the north side of Causeway Road to {{ill|Moreton Terrace|zh-tw|摩頓臺}}. Thence along the west side of Moreton Terrace to the south-east corner of Inland Lot No. 1580 and produced in a straight line for 80 feet, and thence along the north side of Cotton Path and produced until it meets the west side of Wong Nei Chong Road on the east side of Wong Nei Chong Valley and thence to the south-east angle of Inland Lot No. 1364, produced until it meets the southern boundary.

Boundary stones

(File:Victoria City and Kowloon 1915.jpg|thumb|A 1915 map showing Victoria in the north shore of Hong Kong Island (below); Kowloon peninsula (above) was not part of the colony until 1860)In 1903, the Hong Kong Government erected several boundary stones to mark the limits of Victoria, measuring 98 cm in height, tapered at the top and with the inscription “City Boundary 1903”. As the city’s boundaries were clearly defined by ordinance, these stones were more just physical markers.WEB, Antiquities and Monuments Office - Central and Western Heritage Trail (555),www.amo.gov.hk/en/heritage-trails/cw-trails/western/section-a/a6/index.html, 2023-01-19, www.amo.gov.hk, Three additional boundary stones were found in 2021,WEB, 張嘉敏, 2021-12-12, 港島再發現兩塊逾百年歷史維多利亞城界石 團體籲市民勿破壞, Two century-old Victoria City boundary stones found on Hong Kong Island; public urged not to damage,www.hk01.com/18區新聞/711483/港島再發現兩塊逾百年歷史維多利亞城界石-團體籲市民勿破壞, 2023-01-19, HK01, zh-HK, adding the total of discovered stones to 10, including the one disappeared in June 2007.NEWS, 2007-08-19, 百年古物網上掀拯救行動專題報道：第七界石神秘消失, A6, Apple Daily,hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20070819/10044267, dead, 2012-10-29,hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20070819/10044267," title="web.archive.org/web/20160125031151hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20070819/10044267,">web.archive.org/web/20160125031151hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20070819/10044267, 2016-01-25, {| class=“wikitable“|+Boundary stones of Victoria from west to east!No.!!Location!Region!Notes|1100px)|Sai Ning Street|Kennedy TownURL=HTTPS://MMIS.HKPL.GOV.HK/COVERPAGE/-/COVERPAGE/VIEW?P_R_P_-1078056564_C=QF757YSWV58SNGM8QM6MN%2BSOJW2XBTQY, Urban Council, |2100px)Mount Davis, Hong Kong>Mount Davis, south of Victoria Road|Mount Davis|Discovered on 12 December 2021|3100px)Pokfulam Road, near Smithfield, Hong Kong>Smithfield|Sandy Bay Gap||4100px)|Slope of Lung Fu Shan, near Hatton RoadLung Fu ShanURL=HTTPS://WWW.SCMP.COM/NEWS/HONG-KONG/SOCIETY/ARTICLE/3159282/HONG-KONG-ANTIQUITIES-OFFICE-STUDYING-AUTHENTICITY-STONE WEBSITE=SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST, en, |5100px)|Hatton Road, near Kotewall Road||6100px)|Old Peak Road, near Tregunter PathMid-Levels||7100px)|Magazine Gap RoadTITLE=探針：界石失蹤政府不聞不問 WORK=APPLE DAILY URL-STATUS=DEAD ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20150831013856/HTTP://HK.APPLE.NEXTMEDIA.COM/NEWS/ART/20070817/10037668, 2015-08-31, |8100px)|Bowen Road, near Stubbs Road||9100px)|Slope near Rosaryhill School, Stubbs Road|Discovered on 12 December 2021|10100px)|Wong Nai Chung RoadHappy Valley, Hong Kong>Happy Valley|

Districts

(File:Victoria Town, Hong Kong.jpg|thumb|Victoria Town, 1850)(File:City of Victoria.jpg|thumb|Victoria City, 1860–65)In 1866 the nine districts, also called yeuks, are:WEB, Victoria Registration Ordinance,oelawhk.lib.hku.hk/archive/files/77df9c397ffafc9df127a5b8c5293a33.pdf, University of Hong Kong,

• Shek Tong Tsui
• Sai Ying Pun
• Taipingshan, a neighborhood near Sheung Wan that shared its name with Victoria Peak
• Sheong Wan
• Choong Wan North and South, known in modern times as Central in English
• Ha Wan, today’s Admiralty and Wan Chai
• Wan Chai
• Bowrington, between today’s Wan Chai and Causeway Bay, known also as Ngo Keng
• So Kun Poo.

Other places that might be considered as yeuks include:

• Kennedy Town
• Happy Valley
• Causeway Bay

See also

• History of Hong Kong
• List of buildings, sites and areas in Hong Kong
• List of places named for Queen Victoria § Hong Kong, for a list of places named after Queen Victoria
• Praya

References

{{Reflist|30em}}

External links

{{Commons category|Victoria City}}{{Wiktionary|Victoria}}

• Boundary of the City of Victoria as defined in Hong Kong Laws, Cap 1 SCHED 1 of Hong Kong Law
• www.edb.gov.hk/FileManager/TC/Content_3422/CH_S1-3_Pkg5_07.pdf" title="web.archive.org/web/20100602014404www.edb.gov.hk/FileManager/TC/Content_3422/CH_S1-3_Pkg5_07.pdf">Article on history of Hong Kong {{in lang|zh}}
• Photos of the 1903 boundary stones
• cwfestival.org/images/pdf/history/032.pdf" title="web.archive.org/web/20050206045111cwfestival.org/images/pdf/history/032.pdf">A article on the “four wans and nine yeuks” in Chinese (Adobe PDF format)
• szlib.szptt.net.cn/hk97/j2a.htm" title="web.archive.org/web/20050317150447szlib.szptt.net.cn/hk97/j2a.htm">Another article on “four wans and nine yeuks” {{in lang|zh-cn}}
• A photographic panorama of the water-front and city of Victoria, taken sometime after 1906, in Cambridge Digital Library

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