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{{Short description|River in Ukraine}}{{about|the river in southern Ukraine|the tributary of the Vistula River in Eastern Europe|Bug (river)}}

factoids

| name_native_lang =| name_other = | name_etymology =| image = Sunset S Bug Vinnitsa 2007 G1.jpg| image_size = 270| image_caption = The Southern Bug in the vicinity of Vinnytsia, Ukraine| map = PietinisBugas.png| map_size = 270px| map_caption = Southern Bug through Ukraine| pushpin_map =| pushpin_map_size =| pushpin_map_caption=| subdivision_type1 = Country| subdivision_name1 = Ukraine| subdivision_type2 =| subdivision_name2 =| subdivision_type3 = Oblast| subdivision_name3 =| subdivision_type4 =| subdivision_name4 =| subdivision_type5 =| subdivision_name5 =806mi|abbr=on}}| width_min =| width_avg =| width_max =| depth_min =| depth_avg =| depth_max =| discharge1_location=| discharge1_min =| discharge1_avg = 108 m3/s| discharge1_max =| source1 =| source1_location = Khmelnytskyi Oblast, Ukraine| source1_coordinates=| source1_elevation =| mouth =| mouth_location = Bug estuary, Ukraine| mouth_coordinates =| mouth_elevation =| progression = {{PDnieper–Bug estuary}}| river_system =63700abbr=on}}| tributaries_left =| tributaries_right =| custom_label =| custom_data =| extra =}}(File:Yedisan.jpg|thumb|right|The river is named as Bog Fl[uss] on this German map.)The Southern Bug, also called Southern BuhWEB,weblink Encyclopædia Britannica: Southern Buh (River), Encyclopædia Britannica, May 8, 2011, (; ; or just ), and sometimes Boh River (; ),Boh River at the Encyclopedia of Ukraine is a navigable river located in Ukraine. It is the second-longest river in Ukraine.The source of the river is in the west of Ukraine, in the Volyn-Podillia Upland, about {{convert|145|km|mi|abbr=off}} from the Polish border, from where it flows southeasterly into the Bug Estuary (Black Sea basin) through the southern steppes. It is {{convert|806|km|mi|abbr=off}} long and drains {{convert|63700|km2}}.Южный Буг, Great Soviet EncyclopediaSeveral regionally important cities and towns in Ukraine are located on the Southern Bug. Beginning in Western Ukraine and moving downstream, in a southeasterly direction, they are: Khmelnytskyi, Khmilnyk, Vinnytsia, Haivoron, Pervomaisk, Voznesensk and Mykolaiv.Between 1941 and 1944 during World War II the Southern Bug formed the border between German-occupied Ukraine and the Romanian-occupied part of Ukraine, called Transnistria.

Nomenclature and etymology

{{bulleted listHerodotus (c. 484–425 BCE) refers to the river using its ancient Greek name: Hypanis.BOOK,weblink The Histories, 165, 2009-01-30, 9781596258778, 2013-01-05, Herodotus, Digireads.com, During the Migration Period of the 5th to the 8th centuries CE the Southern Bug represented a major obstacle to all the migrating peoples in the area.The long-standing local Slavic name of the river, Boh (Cyrillic: Бог), according to Zbigniew Gołąb as *bugъ/*buga derives from Indo-European verbal root *bheug- (having cognates in old Germanic word *bheugh- etc. with meaning of "bend, turn, moves away"), with hypothetical original meaning of "pertaining to a (river) bend", and derivatives in Russian búga ("low banks of a river, overgrown with bushes"), Polish bugaj ("bushes or woods in a river valley or on a steep river bank"), Latvian bauga ("marshy place by a river").{{citation |first=Zbigniew |last=Gołąb |author-link = Zbigniew Gołąb |year=1992 |title=The Origins of the Slavs: A Linguist's View |url=https://archive.nyu.edu/handle/2451/39006 |location=Columbus |publisher=Slavica |pages=258–260 |isbn=9780893572310}} The 17th-century French military engineer and geographer Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan recorded the name of the river as Bog.BOOK, Le Vasseur de Beauplan, Guillaume, Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan, 1651, Golitsyn, Avgustin Petrovich, Description de l'Vkranie depvis les confins de la Moscovie jvsqu'avx limites de la Transylvanie, Description of Ukraine from the borders of Muscovy to the limits of Transylvania,weblink Bibliothèque russienne, fr, Paris, J. Techener, 1861, 57, 2014-10-30, A trois lieues audessus de Douczakow [Ochakiv] est l'emboucheure du Bog où se trouve vne isle en forme de triangle, viron de demi lieue de long le trauers de Semenwiruk. [...] Au dessus de Semenwirut, il y a sur le Bog Winaradnakricza, qui est vne fontaine sur un précipice, lieu beau et propre à habiter, tant pour le bois qui est à commodité que pour les moulins qui s'y pourraient faire.,

History

{{expand section|date=March 2024}}From the 16th to the 18th centuries most of the south of Ukraine was under Turkish imperial domination and the colonists renamed the river using their language to the Aq-su, meaning the "White river". Indigenous Slavic toponyms were re-established after the conquest of the Pontic region from Turkish domination in the 17th and 18th centuries.On March 6, 1918, the Central Council of the Ukrainian People's Republic adopted a law on the "administrative-territorial division of Ukraine", dividing it into regional districts. One of these, Pobozhia (meaning lands of the Boh, ), was in the upstream lands of the Southern Bug, near the source of the river.

Tributaries

The main tributaries of the Southern Bug are, from source to mouth (length in parentheses):

• Left: Buzhok (75), Ikva (57), Snyvoda (58), Desna (80), Sob (115), Udych (56), Synytsia (78), Synyukha (111), Velyka Korabelna (45), Mertvovid (114), Hnylyi Yelanets (103), Inhul (354)
• Right: Vovk (71), Zghar (95), Riv (104), Silnytsia (67), Dokhna (68), Savran (97), Kodyma (149), Bakshala (57), Chychyklia (156)

Ecology

In October 2020, the Southern Bug was stocked with three hundred and fifty kilograms of Hungarian carp and 50 kilograms of silver carp at Khmelnytskyi.WEB, У Південний Буг запустили 350 кілограмів угорського коропа,weblink 2020-10-26, khmelnytskyi.name, 26 October 2020, uk,

Bridges and ferries

File:Varvarovskiy Bridge-1.JPG|thumb|Varvarivskyi Bridge in MykolaivMykolaivThe Varvarivskyi Bridge over Southern Bug in Mykolaiv is a swing bridge (facilitating ship building) with Europe's largest span (134 m).WEB,weblink History, Kyivdiprotrans Institute, 19 August 2013, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20131230233612weblink">weblink 30 December 2013, It is also the southernmost bridge over the river.

Navigation

The river is technically navigable for dozens of kilometers up from its mouth; several river ports (such as Mykolaiv) exist.In 2011, plans were announced to revive commercial freight navigation on the Southern Bug upstream of Mykolaiv, to facilitate the increasing grain export from Ukraine.«НИБУЛОН» заложил основу собственного флота{{in lang|uk}} As of April 2018, freight navigation was renewed between the estuary and a newly built grain terminal in the village of Prybuzhany, Voznesensk Raion, in the center of the Mykolaiv Oblast.

Gallery

File:Southern Bug under ice.JPG|Winter-frozen Southern Bug in Mykolaiv.File:Rika Ploska vpadaye v Pivdenny Bug, Khmelnitsky, 2005 07 28.jpg|The {{Ill|Ploska River|uk|Плоска (річка)}} emptying into the Southern Bug.File:South Bug Vinnitsa 2006 G1.JPG|Southern Bug in Vinnytsia.File:Ship M I Pirogov Vinnitsa 2006 G2.jpg|A riverboat on the river in Vinnytsia (2006).File:South bug08.jpg|Riverside skyline of Khmelnytskyi.File:Yujni bug 2.jpg|Southern Bug in vicinity of the Granite-steppe lands of Bug landscape park.File:Меджибізький замок (травень 2011).jpg|Southern Bug in MedzhybizhFile:Confluence of the rivers Southern Bug and Dnieper.jpg|Historical map of the confluence of the rivers Southern Bug and Dnieper.

References

{{reflist}}

External links

{{Commons category|Southern Bug}}

• Southern Buh rafting
• {{in lang|pl}} Boh in the Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland (1880)
• {{in lang|ru}} Photos of the Southern Buh coasts {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100609234951weblink |date=2010-06-09 }}
• {{in lang|ru}} Southern Buh rafting, photo {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200205135246weblink |date=2020-02-05 }}

{{coord|46|59|N|31|58|E|display=title|region:UA_type:river_source:GNS-enwiki}}{{Rivers of Ukraine}}{{Authority control}}