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{{Short description|none}}A basic income is a form of social security in which a population group receives a regular sum of money, either from a government or from some other public institution, independent of any other income.WEB,books.google.com/books?id=MsnhtAEACAAJ, Improving Social Security in Canada Guaranteed Annual Income: A Supplementary Paper, Minister of Human Resource Development Canada, 1994, 30 November 2013, WEB,basicincome.org/basic-income/history/, History of Basic Income, Basic Income Earth Network (BIEN),www.basicincome.org/bien/aboutbasicincome.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20080621140909www.basicincome.org/bien/aboutbasicincome.html,">web.archive.org/web/20080621140909www.basicincome.org/bien/aboutbasicincome.html, 21 June 2008, Universal Basic Income: A Review Social Science Research Network (SSRN). Accessed August 6, 2017. This is a list of alternates to universal basic income that intends to give all citizens of a population an unconditional sum of money, which have been implemented or proposed.{| class=“wikitable”! Name !! Description !! Spokespersons !! Tested in !! Books !! Films/articles/interviews

Universal basic income (UBI), also known by many other names>		access-date=2020-08-28|language=en-US}}	Philippe Van Parijs, Karl Widerquist, Guy Standing (economist)>Guy Standing	US and Canada (local experiments); the Iranian basic income is somewhat between a partial and a full basic income.{{citation needed		Karl Widerquist>Independence, Propertylessness, and Basic Income,WIDERQUIST >FIRST1=KARL	DATE=7 MARCH 2013	ISBN=978-1-137-31309-6	|Negative income tax & work, Negative income tax in Israel, Negative income tax in Ontario, Short info

|Negative income tax (NIT) |Similar to a basic income but means test so that the grant gradually phases out as income increases.|Milton Friedman, Juliet Rhys-Williams, Daron Acemoglu||Capitalism and Freedom, Free to Choose|

Wage subsidy, sometimes known as participation income >		Arthur Cecil Pigou>A. C. Pigou, Edmund Phelps, Tony Atkinson		Inequality (2015; Atkinson)	‘Low-wage employment subsidies versus the welfare state’ (Phelps)

Partial basic income (PBI) >		ACCESS-DATE=2017-11-30	ARCHIVE-DATE=2011-07-24				ACCESS-DATE=2017-11-30	ARCHIVE-DATE=2011-07-24		|

|Personal Basic Income|A Minimum Basic Income that is self-generated by communities by pooling their data into data banks, monetizing its value, and receiving dividends.|Manish BhanSmartTribe|Early-stage experimentation.|SmartTribe.org

Citizen’s dividend >	land value tax values from land (economics)>land and economic rent	s >	Henry George, Thomas Paine >	Alaska (Permanent Fund Dividend) >	Agrarian Justice, Progress and Poverty >|

Universal dividend >	Citizen’s dividend>citizens over a certain age.	John Moser			The American Citizen’s Dividend

				|

		Instead of the Dole >		|

Carbon tax dividend. >				naturalfinance.net >|

| ||Andreas Bergh || || || www.nek.lu.se/nekabe/papers/BIEN_v1.pdf" title="web.archive.org/web/20060519132740www.nek.lu.se/nekabe/papers/BIEN_v1.pdf">Bergh 2004

		Thomas Paine, Bruce Ackerman, Anne Alstott >		Redesigning distribution>|

	Europe. >			| Marc’s proposal, www.epri.org.za/HowardNewTitleRegionalBasicIncome2006.pdf" title="web.archive.org/web/20120313023555www.epri.org.za/HowardNewTitleRegionalBasicIncome2006.pdf">NAFTA-divident

			Basic income in Brazil>Brazil (Bolsa Família	) >| Just Give Money to the Poor: The Development Revolution from the Global South|

regions (such as Israel-Palestine (region)>Palestine)		Philippe Van Parijs

		Food First Information and Action Network>FIAN			To poor countries

Global basic income >		World Basic Income>		|

village, city, district, province, etc. >

Karl Widerquist >

Otjivero (Namibia), 2 villages in China, GiveDirectly project in Kenya, Alaska’s Permanent Fund Dividend,WIDERQUIST

TITLE=ALASKA’S PERMANENT FUND DIVIDEND

PUBLISHER=SPRINGER

URL=HTTPS://BOOKS.GOOGLE.COM/BOOKS?ID=MWJDAQAAQBAJ&DQ=ALASKA%27S+PERMANENT+FUND+DIVIDEND&PG=PT250, Native American Casino Dividends

Karl Widerquist

,WIDERQUIST

TITLE=ALASKA’S PERMANENT FUND DIVIDEND

PUBLISHER=SPRINGER

URL=HTTPS://BOOKS.GOOGLE.COM/BOOKS?ID=MWJDAQAAQBAJ&DQ=ALASKA%27S+PERMANENT+FUND+DIVIDEND&PG=PT250, Karl Widerquist

WIDERQUIST

TITLE=EXPORTING THE ALASKA MODEL

PUBLISHER=SPRINGER

URL=HTTPS://BOOKS.GOOGLE.COM/BOOKS?ID=PNGKCWAAQBAJ&Q=EXPORTING+THE+ALASKA+MODEL,

Social credit >				|

			| Public Economics in Action: The Basic Income/Flat Tax Proposal |

		Vivant >		| www.whatiseconomy.com/Basic%20Income%20HaeussnerPresse.pdf" title="web.archive.org/web/20080827205515www.whatiseconomy.com/Basic%20Income%20HaeussnerPresse.pdf">Germany

Demurrage (currency)>demurrage	A self stabilizing money supply that is resistant to inflation and deflation.	Omar Syed, Aamir Syed		Sound Money Without Commodities

natural resources>		Karl Widerquist, Jay Hammond, Peter Barnes >	Alaska Permanent Fund>Alaska, Iran (from 2011)	Karl Widerquist	,WIDERQUIST	TITLE=INDEPENDENCE, PROPERTYLESSNESS, AND BASIC INCOME	PUBLISHER=SPRINGER	URL=HTTPS://BOOKS.GOOGLE.COM/BOOKS?ID=O6YTQTHFNJKC, Capitalism 3.0

Social dividend >	market socialism. >	James Meade, Oskar Lange, Abba Lerner, John Roemer, James Yunker >		|

			Iran (from 2011) >	|

Carbon fee and dividend >	carbon tax. >	Citizens’ Climate Lobby >	British Columbia >	|

				| Haiti-1, www.citizenpolicies.org/articles/worldpeace.html" title="web.archive.org/web/20101114133847www.citizenpolicies.org/articles/worldpeace.html">A way to peace

energy credits >				| Cosmic Accounting

ReCivitas) >			Quatinga Velho (local experiment) >	weblink, Basic Income Startup weblink>| BRAZIL: Basic Income Startup gives “lifetime basic incomes” to villagers weblink, NGO founds collaborative “projects network” weblink

land value tax >		James Robertson (activist)>James Robertson, Herman Daly

		DATE= 31 OCTOBER 2016	URL= HTTPS://WWW.PROJECT-SYNDICATE.ORG/COMMENTARY/BASIC-INCOME-FUNDED-BY-CAPITAL-INCOME-BY-YANIS-VAROUFAKIS-2016-10	ACCESS-DATE=6 DECEMBER 2021,	Yanis Varoufakis			The Universal Right to Capital Income

|Three Pillars|National Dividend (ND) - a payment to all citizen-residents, paid for by a tax on the commonsNational Income Supplement (NIS) - distributing all income taxes back to income earners, which would allow all income brackets to benefit from each other’s success, and amplify their earnings (and underwrite labour costs).Assisted Savings Program (ASP) - mandatory long-term savings/investment, and distributing all capital gains taxes to ASP accounts, ensuring savers benefit from each other’s success, and amplify their savings.WEB,newphysiocrats.org/platform/, The New Physiocratic Platform, The New Physiocratic League, 2018, 26 November 2018, Returning tax revenues to citizens through these programs is enabled by a shift to a form of Land Value Tax (called a ULT) for general revenues. The Three Pillars would also replace the minimum wage and state-run pensions.|The New Physiocratic League||The New School of Economics|

References

{{reflist}}{{Basic income}}{{Poverty}}