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{{For|the football club|AJ Auxerre}}{{short description|Prefecture and commune in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France}}{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}

factoids

|term = 2020–2026Communauté d'agglomération de l'Auxerrois>CA Auxerrois47.7986format=dms|display=inline,title}}|elevation m = 102|elevation min m = 93|elevation max m = 217|area km2 = 49.95population_total}}population_as_of}}population_footnotes}}}}Auxerre ({{IPAc-en|oÊŠ|ˈ|s|ɛər}} {{respell|oh|SAIR}},LPD, 3, {{IPA-fr|osɛʁ|lang|LL-Q150 (fra)-Jules78120-Auxerre.wav}}) is the capital (prefecture) of the Yonne department and the fourth-largest city in the Burgundy historical region southeast of Paris. Auxerre's population today is about 35,000;Populations légales 2021, INSEE the urban area (aire d'attraction) comprises roughly 113,000 inhabitants.Comparateur de territoire: Aire d'attraction des villes 2020 d'Auxerre (102), INSEE, 9 December 2020. Residents of Auxerre are referred to as Auxerrois.Auxerre is a commercial and industrial centre, with industries including food production, woodworking and batteries. It is also noted for its production of Burgundy wine, including Chablis. In 1995 Auxerre was named a "Town of Art and History".{{in lang|fr}} "Labellisation Pays d'art et d'histoire : l'Auxerrois prêt pour le grand oral au ministère de la culture", lyonne.fr, 22 November 2019.

Geography

Auxerre lies on the river Yonne and the Canal du Nivernais, about 150 km southeast of Paris and 120 km northwest of Dijon. The A6 autoroute (Paris–Lyon) passes northeast of the city. Auxerre-Saint-Gervais station has rail connections to Dijon, Paris, Corbigny and Avallon.

History

(File:Auxerre old slide.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Place Charles Lepère seen from rue du Temple)Auxerre was a flourishing Gallo-Roman centre, then called Autissiodorum, through which passed one of the main roads of the area, the Via Agrippa (1st century AD) which crossed the Yonne (Gallo-Roman Icauna) here. In the third century it became the seat of a bishopCouncils were held here in 578 and 1147. and a provincial capital of the Roman Empire. In the 5th century it received a cathedral. In the late 11th-early 12th century the existing communities were included inside a new line of walls built by the feudal counts of Auxerre.Bourgeois activities accompanied the traditional land and wine cultivations starting from the twelfth century, and Auxerre developed into a commune with a Town Hall of its own. The Burgundian city, which became part of France under King Louis XI, suffered during the Hundred Years' War and the Wars of Religion. In 1567 it was captured by the Huguenots, and many of the Catholic edifices were damaged. The medieval ramparts were demolished in the 18th century.In the 19th century numerous heavy infrastructures were built, including a railway station, a psychiatric hospital and the courts, and new quarters were developed on the right bank of the Yonne.Until the early 20th century, Auxerre was one of the most prosperous cities in the department. But the local authorities of that period refused the railway that was subsequently set in the village of Migennes, and signed the economic decline of the town. {{Citation needed|date=July 2017}}

Demographics

{{Historical populations| align = none| cols = 2| percentages = pagr2069|Auxerre}} and INSEE (1968–2017)Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE| graph-pos = bottom120001204712044120651143912326123261396814166151191508115497156311623916986174561803618576189012093121929212032197822900242822405226583311783578438342387413881937790372183509634634}}

Climate

{{Weather box|width = auto|location = Auxerre (1981–2010)|metric first = yes|single line = yes|Jan record high C = 16.8|Feb record high C = 23.0|Mar record high C = 26.6|Apr record high C = 29.8|May record high C = 32.1|Jun record high C = 37.7|Jul record high C = 39.6|Aug record high C = 41.1|Sep record high C = 35.3|Oct record high C = 31.3|Nov record high C = 22.8|Dec record high C = 18.4|year record high C = 41.1|Jan high C = 6.3|Feb high C = 7.9|Mar high C = 12.2|Apr high C = 15.6|May high C = 19.8|Jun high C = 23.0|Jul high C = 26.1|Aug high C = 25.8|Sep high C = 21.5|Oct high C = 16.6|Nov high C = 10.2|Dec high C = 6.7|year high C = 16.0|Jan mean C = 3.6|Feb mean C = 4.4|Mar mean C = 7.8|Apr mean C = 10.5|May mean C = 14.5|Jun mean C = 17.7|Jul mean C = 20.2|Aug mean C = 20.0|Sep mean C = 16.3|Oct mean C = 12.4|Nov mean C = 7.1|Dec mean C = 4.1|year mean C = 11.6|Jan low C = 0.8|Feb low C = 0.9|Mar low C = 3.3|Apr low C = 5.3|May low C = 9.2|Jun low C = 12.3|Jul low C = 14.4|Aug low C = 14.1|Sep low C = 11.0|Oct low C = 8.2|Nov low C = 4.0|Dec low C = 1.6|year low C = 7.1|Jan record low C = −20.2|Feb record low C = −18.8|Mar record low C = −11.6|Apr record low C = -5.2|May record low C = -1.0|Jun record low C = 3.0|Jul record low C = 5.8|Aug record low C = 4.0|Sep record low C = 0.5|Oct record low C = -2.9|Nov record low C = -8.8|Dec record low C = −15.1|year record low C = −20.2|precipitation colour = green|Jan precipitation mm = 56.3|Feb precipitation mm = 47.7|Mar precipitation mm = 48.9|Apr precipitation mm = 56.0|May precipitation mm = 69.5|Jun precipitation mm = 61.5|Jul precipitation mm = 53.9|Aug precipitation mm = 59.3|Sep precipitation mm = 61.1|Oct precipitation mm = 70.8|Nov precipitation mm = 61.1|Dec precipitation mm = 61.2|year precipitation mm = 707.3|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm|Jan precipitation days = 11.2|Feb precipitation days = 9.6|Mar precipitation days = 10.6|Apr precipitation days = 9.9|May precipitation days = 11.3|Jun precipitation days = 9.7|Jul precipitation days = 7.6|Aug precipitation days = 7.8|Sep precipitation days = 8.5|Oct precipitation days = 10.3|Nov precipitation days = 11.0|Dec precipitation days = 11.6|year precipitation days = 119.1|Jan humidity = 87|Feb humidity = 82|Mar humidity = 77|Apr humidity = 72|May humidity = 76|Jun humidity = 74|Jul humidity = 71|Aug humidity = 73|Sep humidity = 78|Oct humidity = 85|Nov humidity = 87|Dec humidity = 88|year humidity = 79.2|Jan sun = 61.7|Feb sun = 89.2|Mar sun = 135.2|Apr sun = 173.9|May sun = 198.0|Jun sun = 213.9|Jul sun = 245.2|Aug sun = 229.6|Sep sun = 177.2|Oct sun = 121.2|Nov sun = 70.1|Dec sun = 53.3|year sun = 1768.5|source 1 = Meteo climatWEB,weblink Moyennes 1981/2010: Région Bourgogne, Météoclimat, fr, 5 January 2016, WEB,weblink STATION Auxerre, Météoclimat, fr, 5 January 2016, |source 2 = Infoclimat.fr (humidity, 1961–1990)WEB,weblink Normes et records 1961-1990: Auxerre (89) - altitude 207m, fr, Infoclimat, 5 January 2016, }}

Main sights

(File:Auxerre 003.JPG|thumb|right|180px|A view of Auxerre's old town with Saint-Germain Abbey in the background)(File:Auxerre - Saint Pierre Church.jpg|thumb|right|180px|Church of St. Pierre en Vallée, listed as monument)

• Cathedral of St. Étienne (11th–16th centuries). In Gothic style, it has three doorways with bas-reliefs. There are stained-glass windows in the choir and the apsidal chapel. The 11th-century crypt houses the remains of the former Romanesque cathedral.
• Abbey of Saint-Germain, existing from the 6th century. The crypt has some of the oldest mural paintings in France, and houses the tomb of the bishops of Auxerre. There is a chapter room (12th century), a cellar (14th century) and a cloister (17th century).
• The Clock Tower, in the Old Town
• The church of St. Pierre en Vallée (17th–18th centuries), established over a 6th-century abbey. In late Gothic style, it has a tower similar to that of the cathedral. Portions of the decorations and inner chapels were financed by local winegrowers.
• Church of St. Eusèbe, founded in the 7th century. The nave was rebuilt in the 13th century, while the tower is in Romanesque style.

Notable people

• Germanus of Auxerre ({{circa|378}} – {{circa|442–448}}), bishop of Auxerre, missionary to Britain
• William of Auxerre (died 1231), early High Scholastic theologian from Auxerre
• Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier (1768–1830), mathematician, experimental physicist and politician, born in AuxerreBOOK, An Introduction to the History of Mathematics, sixth, Saunders College Publishing, Howard Eves, 1990,
• Paul Bert (1833–1886), physiologist and politician, born in Auxerre
• Louis Amable Crapelet (1822–1867), water-colour painter, born in Auxerre
• Théodore Frédéric Gaillardet, (1808–1882), journalist, publisher of French-language newspaper Courrier des États-Unis in New York City and mayor of Plessis-Bouchard, France, born in AuxerreBOOK, Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607–1896, Marquis Who's Who, Chicago, 1963,
• Eugène Hatin (1809–1893), historian and bibliographer
• Saint Helladius (died 387), bishop of Auxerre
• Paul Monceaux (1859–1941), historian, born in Auxerre
• Benoît Mourlon (born 1988), footballer
• Jean-Paul Rappeneau (1932), film director, born in Auxerre
• Guy Roux (1938), coach of AJ Auxerre for more than 40 years, holding the French record of 894 games in Ligue 1

Specialties

• Gougère – baked choux pastry made of dough mixed with cheese.
• Kir – a traditional aperitif mixed drink from Burgundy wine (traditionally Bourgogne Aligoté) and blackcurrant liqueur.
• BÅ“uf bourguignon – a typical main dish made of beef and vegetables.
• Truffe bourguignonne – truffles from Burgundy.

Regional wines

• Chablis wine: a white wine made exclusively of Chardonnay in the Chablis AOC
• Saint-Bris AOC: the only white wine in Burgundy made of Sauvignon grapes, especially Sauvignon blanc and Sauvignon gris
• Irancy: a red wine from the surrounding area made of Pinot noir
• Bourgogne côte d'Auxerre: belonging to the Burgundy AOC (wine), it is made of Chardonnay for the white wine and Pinot noir for the red.
• Crémant de Bourgogne: sparkling wine following the tradition of Champagne, Crémant de Bourgogne has a strong production in and around Auxerre.
• Bourgogne Aligoté: dry wine. Aligoté is the second most popular grape variety grown in Burgundy after Chardonnay.

The whole region of Burgundy produces over 200 million bottles per year.

Twin towns – sister cities

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in France}}Auxerre is twinned with:WEB, Villes jumelées,weblink Auxerre, fr, 2021-09-27, {{div col|colwidth=20em}}

• {{flagicon|ITA}} Greve in Chianti, Italy
• {{flagicon|POL}} PÅ‚ock, Poland
• {{flagicon|ENG}} Redditch, England, United Kingdom
• {{flagicon|FRA}} Roscoff, France
• {{flagicon|FRA}} Saint-Amarin, France
• {{flagicon|GER}} Worms, Germany

{{div col end}}

See also

• County of Auxerre
• Bishopric of Auxerre
• Cathédrale Saint-Étienne d'Auxerre
• Lady of Auxerre
• Saint Germanus of Auxerre
• Remigius of Auxerre
• William of Auxerre
• Communes of the Yonne department
• AJ Auxerre, the local football club

References

{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

External links

{{Commons category|Auxerre}}

• CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA, Georges, Goyau, Sens,
• Auxerre Town Hall {{in lang|fr}}
• / Visit Auxerre Tourist Info {{in lang|en}}
• EB1911, Auxerre, 3, 50, 1,

{{Préfectures of départements of France}}{{Yonne communes}}{{Authority control}}