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{{Short description|Etruscan underworld deity}}{{Other uses}}File:Hades Persephone Tomb of Orcus II.jpg|thumb|Fresco of Hades (“Aita”, right) and Persephone (“Φersipnei”, middle) leading a procession. Tomb of Orcus II, TarquiniaTarquinia(File:Tomba Golini.jpg|thumb|Tomba Golini, Orvieto)Aita (), also spelled Eita (), is an epithet of the Etruscan chthonic fire god Åšuri{{sfn|Servius|380b|loc=11.785}}{{sfn|De Grummond|2004|p=359}}{{sfn|National Etruscan Museum}}{{sfn|Maras|2010}} as god of the underworld, roughly equivalent to the Greek god Hades ().{{sfn|De Grummond|2006|p=231}}

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Aita is a relatively late addition to the Etruscan pantheon, appearing in iconography and in Etruscan text beginning in the 4th century BC, and is heavily influenced by his Greek counterpart, Hades.{{sfn|Jannot|2005|pages=153–154}}Helmut Rix, 1991. Etruskische Texte. Tübingen: Gunter Narr Verlag. Aita is pictured in only a few instances in Etruscan tomb painting, such as in the Golini Tomb from Orvieto and the tomb of Orcus II from Tarquinia.{{sfn|De Grummond|2006|pages=229–231}} In these tomb paintings, he is shown with his consort Persipnei (), also spelled Phersipnai (), the Etruscan equivalent to the Greek Persephone.{{sfn|Jannot|2005|pages=66–67, 153–154}}Although Aita is very rarely depicted, he may appear enthroned and sometimes wears a wolf cap, borrowing a key attribute from the earlier Etruscan underworld wolf-deity, named Calu.{{sfn|Elliott|1995|pages=17–33}} Other examples of Aita in Etruscan art depict his abduction of Persipnei. Aside from tomb painting, Aita may be identified in a few examples in other media, including on a 4th-century painted vase from Vulci, two 2nd century alabaster ash urns from Volterra, and a Red Figure 4th{{En dash}}3rd century Oinochoe.{{sfn|Krauskopf|1988|pages=394–399}}

References

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Bibliography

• JOURNAL, De Grummond, Nancy Thomson, Nancy Thomson de Grummond, 2004, For the Mother and for the Daughter: Some Thoughts on Dedications from Etruria and Praeneste, Hesperia Supplements, 33, 351–370, The American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 1354077, 9780876615331,www.jstor.org/stable/1354077,
• BOOK, De Grummond, Nancy Thomson, Nancy Thomson de Grummond, 2006, Etruscan Myth, Sacred History, and Legend, Philadelphia, PA, University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, 9781931707862,
• BOOK, De Grummond, Nancy Thomson, Simon, Erika, 2006, The Religion of the Etruscans, 9780292782334, Austin, University of Texas Press,books.google.com/books?id=hQtbJyFCd40C,
  • {hide}harvc|in=De Grummond|in2=Simon|year=2006

    first=Larissa|c=Etruscan Inscriptions and Etruscan Religion{edih} {hide}harvc|in=De Grummond|in2=Simon|year=2006

    first=Giovanni|c=Sacred Architecture and the Religion of the Etruscans{edih} {{harvc|in=De Grummond|in2=Simon|year=2006

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    p=vii, pp. 73–75}} {hide}harvc|in=De Grummond|in2=Simon|year=2006

    first=Erika|c=Gods in Harmony: The Etruscan Pantheon{edih} JOURNAL, Elliott, John, 1995-01-01, The Etruscan Wolfman in Myth and Ritual, Etruscan Studies, 2, 1, 17–33, 10.1515/etst.1995.2.1.17, 194102662, BOOK, Jannot, Jean-René, 2005, Religion in Ancient Etruria, J.K., Whitehead, University of Wisconsin Press, 9780299208448, NEWS, Lecce, Vittoria, it, Novembre e il dio Suri - Il Nero Signore, Museo Nazionale Etrusco,www.museoetru.it/etru-a-casa-aiser/novembre-e-il-dio-suri, {{harvid, National Etruscan Museum, }} BOOK, 1981–1999, Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae, I–VIII, Zurich, Munich, Düsseldorf, Artemis & Winkler Verlag, 3-7608-8751-1, {{harvid, LIMC, }} BOOK, In {{harvnb, LIMC, |last=Krauskopf |first=Ingrid |year=1988 |contribution=Aita/Calu |volume=IV |pages=394–399}} MAGAZINE, Maras, Daniele F., 2010, it, Suri. Il nero signore degli inferi, Archeo, 305,www.archeo.it/rivista/2010/Luglio/suri-il-nero-signore-degli-inferi,www.archeo.it/rivista/2010/Luglio/suri-il-nero-signore-degli-inferi," title="web.archive.org/web/20141210200639www.archeo.it/rivista/2010/Luglio/suri-il-nero-signore-degli-inferi,">web.archive.org/web/20141210200639www.archeo.it/rivista/2010/Luglio/suri-il-nero-signore-degli-inferi, 2014-12-10, BOOK, Servius, Servius (grammarian), 380, Commentary on the Aeneid of Vergil, I–XII, Georgius Thilo, la,www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0053, Perseus Digital Library, BOOK, Servius, Servius (grammarian), 380a, Commentary on the Aeneid of Vergil, X, 199, la,www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=10.199&fromdoc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0053, Perseus Digital Library, BOOK, Servius, Servius (grammarian), 380b, Commentary on the Aeneid of Vergil, XI, 785, la,www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=11.785&fromdoc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0053, Perseus Digital Library, {{Authority control}}

    
    
    
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