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Stentor (ciliate)
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Stentor (ciliate)
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{{Short description|Genus of single-celled organisms}}{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2014}}{{Automatic taxobox| image = Stentor roeseli composite image.jpg| image_alt = “Stentor roeselii“| image_caption = Stentor roeselii| taxon = Stentor- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
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Lorenz Oken>Oken, 1815| parent_authority = Carus, 1863| synonyms = | synonyms_ref = | subdivision_ranks = Species| subdivision =
DescriptionThe body, or cortex, is generally horn-shaped, hence the association with the Greek herald, and the former name “trumpet animalcule”. A ring of prominent cilia around the anterior “bell” sweep in food and aid in swimming. Some reach several millimeters in length, making them among the largest single-celled organisms. Stentor can come in different colors: for example, S. coeruleus can appear blue due to the presence of stentorin, a natural pigment. As in many freshwater protozoans, Stentor has a contractile vacuole. Because the concentration of salt inside the cell and in the surrounding freshwater is different, Stentor must store water that enters it by osmosis and then discharge it from the vacuole. They can regenerate, and small fragments can grow into full organisms. Each cell has one (often elongated) macronucleus and several micronuclei.File:Mikrofoto.de-Stentor-1.jpg|Stentor polymorphus with algal symbiontsFile:Mikrofoto.de-Stentor-4.jpg|Stentor polymorphus with algal symbiontsFile:Dwa stentory.jpg|Stentors settled on water milfoil leafFile:Stentor coeruleus.png|Stentor coeruleus digesting Blepharisma sp.EcologyThese protists are common worldwide in freshwater lakes and streams; only S. multiformis has been recorded from marine, freshwater, and even terrestrial biotopes. They are usually attached to algal filaments or detritus. Some Stentor species, such as S. polymorphus, can live symbiotically with certain species of green algae (Chlorella). After being ingested, the algae live on while their host absorbs nutrients produced, whereas the algae, in turn, absorb and feed on the Stentor{{’s}} metabolic wastes. Stentor species react to outside disturbances by contracting into a ball. Resting cysts are known from a few species.BOOK, Vance, Tartar, The biology of Stentor,books.google.com/books?id=LZrwAAAAMAAJ, 1961, Pergammon Press, 5, International series of monographs on pure and applied biology: Division, Zoology, 558125,SystematicsThe genus contains over twenty described species (see list in box).JOURNAL, Kumazawa, H., Notes on the taxonomy of Stentor Oken (Protozoa, Ciliophora) and a description of a new species, J. Plankton Res., 24, 1, 69â75, 2002, 10.1093/plankt/24.1.69, free, JOURNAL, Foissner, W., Wölfl, S., Revision of the genus Stentor Oken (Protozoa: Ciliophora) and description of S. araucanus nov. spec. from South American lakes, J. Plankton Res., 16, 3, 255â289, 1994, 10.1093/plankt/16.3.255, The genus Stentor was named in 1815 by the German biologist Lorenz Oken (1779â1851).See:
Video gallery{| | ||
thumb|Stentor muelleri in mucous lorica) | thumb|Stentor coeruleus dividing (binary fission)) | thumb|Stentor muelleri, magnified 1000X) |
See also
References
{{Reflist}}External links
- JOURNAL, D., Walker, Protozoa â The Stentor, Micscape,www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/articles/stentor.html,
- JOURNAL, Stentor: The trumpet animalcule (3D image), Micscape,www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/art98/stent.html, 1365-070X,
- WEB, Journey to the Microcosmos, Stentors: Single-Celled Giants,www.youtube.com/watch?v=PZoaKzEXzi8,ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/PZoaKzEXzi8, 2021-12-21, live, YouTube, 9 Jul 2019, {{cbignore}}
- Tartar, Vance. (1961) The biology of Stentor. New York, Pergammon Press.archive.org/details/biologyofstentor00tart
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