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{{About|the London suburb|other places}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}}{{Use British English|date=September 2015}}

factoids

| official_name = Highgate| static_image_name = Hampstead Heath 7.JPGParliament Hill, London>Parliament Hill| london_borough = Camden| london_borough1 = Haringey| london_borough2 = IslingtonHolborn and St Pancras (UK Parliament constituency)>Holborn and St Pancras, Hornsey and Wood Green (UK Parliament constituency), Islington North (UK Parliament constituency)>Islington North| post_town = LONDON| postcode_area = N| postcode_district = N6, N19| postcode_area1 = NW| postcode_district1 = NW5| dial_code = 020| os_grid_reference = TQ28587551.5716display=inline,title}}}}Highgate is a suburban area of London at the northeastern corner of Hampstead Heath, {{convert|4+1/2|mi|km|0|abbr=off}} north-northwest of Charing Cross.Highgate is one of the most expensive London suburbs in which to live.WEB,weblinkweblink 12 January 2022, subscription, live, Highgate trumps Chelsea as priciest postcode, Felix, Lowe, 19 February 2008, {{cbignore}} It has three active conservation organisations, the Highgate Society, the Highgate Neighbourhood Forum and the Highgate Conservation Area Advisory Committee to protect and enhance its character and amenities.Until late Victorian times it was a distinct village outside London, sitting astride the main road to the north. The area retains many green expanses including the eastern part of Hampstead Heath, three ancient woods,Walk London: Capital Ring Section 11, Hendon Park to Highgate {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101202044533weblink |date=2 December 2010 }} Waterlow Park and the eastern-facing slopes known as Highgate bowl.At its centre is Highgate village, largely a collection of Georgian shops, pubs, restaurants and residential streetsWEB,weblink Things to do in Highgate village - visitlondon.com, interspersed with diverse landmarks such as St Michael's Church and steeple, St. Joseph's Church and its green copper dome, Highgate School (1565), Jacksons Lane arts centre housed in a Grade II listed former church, the Gatehouse Inn dating from 1670 which houses the theatre Upstairs at the GatehouseWEB,weblink History of The Gatehouse Pub Highgate, 5 July 2010, 7 November 2016,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20161107221310weblink">weblink dead, and Berthold Lubetkin's 1930s Highpoint buildings. Pond Square, behind the High Street, is a registered village green and is the centre of communal activities which take place in the elegant buildings of the Highgate Literary and Scientific Institution and Highgate Society facing the Square.Highgate is best known for the Victorian Highgate Cemetery in which the Communist philosopher Karl Marx and the novelist George Eliot are buried, along with many other notable people. Adjoining is Holly Village, the first gated community, built in 1865, which is a Grade II* listed site.WEB,weblink Why Was Holly Village Built?, London x London, 17 January 2023, 14 August 2023, WEB,weblink 1-12 Holly Village, Non Civil Parish - 1379116 | Historic England, historicengland.org.uk, The village is at the top of Highgate Hill, which provides views across central London. Highgate is {{cvt|136|m|ft}} above sea level at its highest point.WEB, London topographic map, elevation, relief,weblink 2021-04-26, topographic-map.com, en, The area is divided among three London boroughs: Haringey in the north and east, Camden in the south and west, and Islington in the south and east. The postal district is N6.

Pronunciation

The name of the village is commonly {{IPAc-en|ˈ|h|aɪ|ɡ|eɪ|t}}. The London Underground in announcements at Highgate tube stationArchived at Ghostarchive{{cbignore}} and the weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20190326185701weblink">Wayback Machine{{cbignore}}: WEB, Hillary, Mark, Arriving at Highgate tube station,weblink Youtube, 6 February 2016, {{cbignore}} uses the alternative pronunciation of {{IPAc-en|ˈ|h|aɪ|ɡ|ᵻ|t}}, where the final syllable matches the last syllable in "frigate".

History

File:John Constable 003.jpg|thumb|A view of Highgate, John ConstableJohn ConstableHistorically, Highgate adjoined the Bishop of London's hunting estate. Highgate gets its name from these hunting grounds, as there was a high, deer-proof hedge surrounding the estate: 'the gate in the hedge'.BOOK, Murray, Ian, Haringey before our time : a brief history, 1993, Hornsey Historical Society, London, 0905794095, 29, The bishop kept a toll-house where one of the main northward roads out of London entered his land. A number of pubs sprang up along the route, one of which, the Gatehouse, commemorates the toll-house.Hampstead Lane and Highgate Hill contain the red brick Victorian buildings of Highgate School and its adjacent Chapel of St Michael. The school has played a paramount role in the life of the village and has existed on its site since its founding was permitted by letters patent from Queen Elizabeth I in 1565.The area north of Hampstead Lane and east of the High Street was part of Hornsey parish and also later the Municipal Borough of Hornsey, and the seat of that borough's governing body for many years.Highgate Hill, the steep street linking Archway (traditionally called part of Upper Holloway) and Highgate village, was the route of the Highgate Hill Cable Tramway, the first cable car to be built in Europe. It operated between 1884 and 1909.Like much of London, Highgate suffered damage during World War II by German air raids. The local tube station was used as a bomb shelter.(File:Stoneleigh Terrace, Highgate.jpg|thumb|Highgate New Town)Highgate New Town is a post-war estate adjacent to the cemetery, designed by Camden Council with similarities to the Alexandra Road estate.{{clearleft}}

Governance

Between 1983 and 2010 Highgate was part of the Hampstead and Highgate constituency. The Boundary Commission report of 2003 recommended removing the Camden part of Highgate from the remainder of that constituency and joining it with Kentish Town and Holborn to the south in order to form an enlarged Holborn and St Pancras constituency from the 2010 general election. Since 1983 the northern half of Highgate village was part of the Hornsey and Wood Green constituency. Until 2023 the southern half of Highgate was in the Holborn & St Pancras Parliamentary constituency whose MP is Keir Starmer of the Labour Party, the party's current leader. The whole of Highgate Village is now part of the Hampstead and Highgate (UK Parliament constituency).

Transport and locale

(File:Angel Inn, Highgate, N6.jpg|thumb|The Angel Inn)(File:Dukes Head, Highgate, N6 (2883803424).jpg|thumb|The Duke's Head)File:Kenwood House.jpg|thumb|Kenwood HouseKenwood House

Nearest places

• Archway
• Crouch End
• Dartmouth Park
• East Finchley
• Finchley
• Hampstead
• Hornsey
• Kentish Town
• Muswell Hill
• Tufnell Park
• Upper Holloway

Bus routes

• London Buses 143, 210, 214 (24 hour) and 263 and Night Bus N271 all serve Highgate Village.

Nearest tube stations

• Highgate tube station
• Archway tube station
• East Finchley tube station

Places of interest

Highgate is known for its pubs which line the old high street and surrounding streets. Some notable favourites are the Angel, the Flask, the Duke's Head and the Wrestlers.

• Highgate Cemetery
• Highgate Literary and Scientific Institution
• Highgate School
• Channing School
• Highgate Wood
• Holly Lodge Estate
• Jacksons Lane
• Kenwood House
• Highpoint I and II
• Athlone House, formerly known as Caen Wood Towers, the home of the RAF Intelligence School 1942–48.
• Cromwell House
• Lauderdale House
• Witanhurst
• The Grove
• Archway Bridge
• Furnival House
• St Michael's Church
• St Joseph's Church
• Highgate United Synagogue
• St Augustine's Church

Demography

The 2011 census showed that the Highgate ward of Haringey was 82% white (60% British, 19% Other, 3% Irish). 40.9% of the ward were Christian, 7% Jewish and 3.8% Muslim.WEB,weblink Highgate - UK Census Data 2011, Good Stuff IT, Services, The Highgate ward of Camden meanwhile was 80% white (61% British, 15% Other, 4% Irish), and 3% Black African. 37.5% of the ward were Christian, 4.2% Jewish, and 5.1% Muslim.WEB,weblink Highgate - UK Census Data 2011, Good Stuff IT, Services,

Education

{{For|details of education in the Haringey portion of Highgate|London Borough of Haringey#Education}}

Religion

(File:St Michael, South Grove, London N6 - geograph.org.uk - 307883.jpg|thumb|St Michael's Church)(File:St Joseph's Church, Highgate - geograph.org.uk - 370060.jpg|thumb|St Joseph's Church)Highgate's main Church of England parish church, St Michael's, is situated close to the summit of the hill, and is the highest church in Greater London. It was built as one of the Commissioners' churches in 1831 and consecrated and opened on 8 November 1832. The architect was Lewis Vulliamy, and in 1831 his original drawings for the church were exhibited at the Royal Academy of Arts.WEB, Sainsbury, Roger, St Michael's Highgate - History,weblink Official website, 14 March 2018, 1 August 2020,weblink dead, From the late 17th century until 1830 Ashhurst House, the home of former Lord Mayor of London Sir William Ashhurst, stood on the site of the church. The remains of the house's cellar now form part of the church's crypt.The church's spire, built of Bath stone, with a cross of Portland stone, is a landmark on London's northern skyline.Inside, the chancel and choir stalls were done by G. E. Street in 1880. The pulpit dates from 1848. The present bench pews date from 1879, replacing box pews. The present organ is by Hill and Davidson, and was installed in 1885, replacing an earlier instrument of 1842. It was overhauled in 1985.There is a monument to Samuel Taylor Coleridge and his family in the form of a slate slab in the middle of the church.The church was damaged in the Second World War by enemy air raids and the present stained glass window at the east end was installed in 1954, replacing a window broken in the Blitz. It is one of the last works by Evie Hone and depicts the Last Supper.Further down Highgate Hill is the town's Roman Catholic parish church, St Joseph's. It was designed by Albert Vickers, and built in 1888, replacing an earlier, smaller church of 1861. Although St Joseph's Church was opened in 1889 by the Bishop of Liverpool, it was not until 1932, when its debts were cleared, that it was officially consecrated.WEB,weblink St Joseph's: About our Church, Official website, 14 March 2018, The church has a distinctive copper dome with a green patina, and the interior of the dome was painted by Nathaniel Westlake in 1891. The organ is by William Hill and Sons, and installed in 1945 as a memorial to the local victims of the Second World War.

1980s murder

On Friday 26 August 1988, Michael Williams, a 43-year-old father from Highgate who worked for the Home Office in Pimlico, disappeared while travelling back home after an employee social. His body was found at Highgate Wood the next day. The case remains unsolved despite being featured heavily in the national press and on the BBC's TV programme Crimewatch.WEB,weblinkweblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20140624234144weblink">weblink 2014-06-24, dead, Crimewatch UK 3.11.1988 2/3, Chironss, 27 December 2011, YouTube,

Notable inhabitants

{{Unreferenced section | date=December 2016}}Highgate Cemetery is the burial place of Communist philosopher Karl Marx, Michael Faraday, Douglas Adams, George Eliot, Jacob Bronowski, Sir Ralph Richardson, Dawn Foster, Christina Rossetti, Sir Sidney Nolan, Alexander Litvinenko, Malcolm McLaren, Radclyffe Hall, Joseph Wolf and singer-songwriter George Michael.

• Adjacent to Highgate Cemetery is Holly Lodge Estate, one of only two housing-estates built in the UK for single women; formerly, it was the home and grounds of Baroness Angela Georgina Burdett-Coutts.
• Between 1930 and 1939, the wife and son of Adolf Hitler's half-brother, Alois, lived in Highgate, before moving to the United States. Bridget and Patrick Hitler lived at 26 Priory Gardens.NEWS,weblink Login, 3 January 2009, 27 July 2008,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20080727031439weblink">weblink dead,
• Leslie Compton, formerly an Arsenal footballer and a Middlesex cricketer, owned a pub in Highgate after he retired from sports.
• Singer George Michael owned an £8 million house in Highgate.WEB, Stephen Jones,weblink George Michael dead at 53: Recap as world-famous superstar singer found dead by boyfriend on Christmas Day - Mirror Online, Mirror.co.uk, 2016-12-28, 2017-03-14,
• Southend United striker Nile Ranger was born in Highgate.
• Rock star Rod Stewart was born and raised in Highgate.
• Rock star Ray Davies of the Kinks was born and raised in nearby Muswell Hill and lives in Highgate.{{citation needed|date=September 2016}}
• Filmmaker Christopher Nolan was raised in Highgate.
• Actor Jude Law lived in Highgate.
• Actor Robert Powell lives in Highgate.
• Comedian Noel Fielding lives in Highgate.
• Singer Liam Gallagher lives in Highgate.
• Comedians Graham Chapman & Terry Jones of Monty Python lived in Highgate.

Many notable alumni have passed through Highgate School, either Masters or indeed Old Cholmeleians, the name given to old boys of the school. These include T.S. Eliot, who taught the poet laureate John Betjeman there, Gerard Manley Hopkins the poet, the composers John Taverner and John Rutter, John Venn the inventor of Venn diagrams, actor Geoffrey Palmer, Anthony Crosland MP and Labour reformer, and the cabinet minister Charles Clarke.A blue plaque on a house at the top of North Hill notes that Charles Dickens stayed there in 1832, when he was 20 years old.Peter Sellers lived as a boy in a cottage in Muswell Hill Road, where his mother had moved in order to send him to the Catholic St Aloysius Boys' School in Hornsey Lane.In Victorian times St Mary Magdalene House of Charity in Highgate was a refuge for former prostitutes—"fallen women"—where Christina Rossetti was a volunteer from 1859 to 1870. It may have inspired her best-known poem, Goblin Market.Siouxsie and the Banshees' bassist Steven Severin was born and brought up there.

Coleridge

In 1817 the poet, aesthetic philosopher and critic Samuel Taylor Coleridge came to live at 3, The Grove, Highgate, the home of Dr James Gillman, in order to rehabilitate from his opium addiction.BOOK,weblink The Life of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, James, Gillman, 7 November 2016, BiblioBazaar, 9780554322261, Google Books, After Dr Gillman built a special wing for the poet, Coleridge lived there for the rest of his life, becoming known as the sage of Highgate.WEB, Samuel Taylor Coleridge,weblink Poets' Graves, 6 February 2016, While here some of his most famous poems, though written years earlier, were first published including "Kubla Khan". His literary autobiography, Biographia Literaria, appeared in 1817. While living there he became friends with his neighbour Joseph Hardman.JOURNAL, Nye, Eric W., Coleridge and the Publishers: Twelve New Manuscripts, Modern Philology, University of Chicago Press, 87, 1, 1989, 0026-8232, 438528, 68–69,weblink His home became a place of pilgrimage for figures such as Carlyle and Emerson. He died here on 25 July 1834 and is buried in the crypt of nearby St Michael's Church. The writer J. B. Priestley subsequently lived in the same house; a commemorative plaque marks the property.

In popular culture

{{More citations needed section|date=June 2015}}

• Highgate's historic feel—in particular the gothic atmosphere of its cemetery—has provided the backdrop to a considerable number of films, including Hammer Horror films of the 1970s and, more recently, (Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald) and Dorian Gray.WEB,weblink IMDb: Most Popular Titles With Filming Locations Matching "Highgate", IMDb,
• The pub tradition of Swearing on the Horns originated in Highgate.
• In Charles Dickens' novel David Copperfield, James Steerforth lives in a house at the top of Highgate West Hill.
• In the BBC sitcom Are You Being Served?, Mr Lucas (played by Trevor Bannister) lives in Highgate.
• Taylor Swift's song "London Boy" from her 2019 album Lover, her boyfriend "took me back to Highgate, met all of his best mates".
• In Robert Galbraith's novel The Ink Black Heart, the central murder occurs in Highgate Cemetery.BOOK,weblink The Ink Black Heart, 2022-01-17, 978-0-316-41303-9, en-US, Galbraith, Robert, Mulholland Books/Little, Brown,

See also

• Hornsey (parish)
• Municipal Borough of Hornsey

References

{{Reflist|30em}}

External links

{{commons category|Highgate}}

• Highgate Literary and Scientific Institution
• The Highgate Society
• Highgate Neighbourhood Forum
• Comprehensive details about Highgate

{{LB Camden}}{{LB Haringey}}{{LB Islington}}{{London Districts}}{{Capital Ring Walking Route | locale=Highgate | back=Hendon Park | forward=Stoke Newington | A=11 | B=12 }}{{Authority control}}