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Goodall focus
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{{Short description|North American archaeological culture (200â500 BCE)}}- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
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Defining artifact
Glacial Kame is a widespread of the northern late archaic cultural manifestations. Cemeteries were customarily made in sand and gravel ridges formed by glacial outwash called "kames". Not all human burials in a kame are necessarily from the same time period, those which reflect similar methods and are associated with similar materials are related to some degree.- Glacial Kame cemeteries contain from only a few to several dozen burials. The tightly flexed human remains, usually singly but sometimes paired, were placed in circular pits barely large enough to permit placement of the body.
- If a stratum of hard silt overlay the more easily removed sands and gravels, only the narrowest possible disturbance was created through the former.
- Males and females representing all age groups were placed in these cemeteries.Kellar, James H.; An Introduction to the Prehistory of Indiana; Indianapolis, Indiana Historical Society; Indianapolis, Indiana; 1973
- Powdered ochre, contains iron oxides and ranges in color from bright yellow to a rich orange-red.
- Large drilled sandal-sole-shaped and circular gorgets were cut from wall sections of marine molluscans.
- A distinctive artifact is the so-called "birdstone." Commonly carved from slate, it has a profile resembling the head, body, and tail of a stylized bird.
- A symbolic spear-thrower weight comparable to that of the bannerstone. There is no clear associations to confirm this idea.{{Clarify|date=May 2024}}
- Other artifacts include copper and shell beads, some made from the columella of marine shells, long bone pins, and bone awls.
Ceramics
Ceramics tend to come from middens and contain expanding and contracting stemmed projectile points and obsidian flakes. Research has been on-going through the 1990s at sites in northwest Indiana, the Galien River Basin, the Kalamazoo River Basin and the Grand River basin.See also
References
{{reflist}}Further reading
- Cunningham, Wilbur M. A Study of the Glacial Kame Culture in Michigan, Ohio, and Indiana. Occasional Contributions from the Museum of Anthropology of the University of Michigan 12. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 1948, 12.
- Greenman, E.F. "Ohio". The Indianapolis Archaeological Conference: A Symposium Upon the Archaeological Problems of the North Central United States Area. 1935-12, Indianapolis. Washington, D.C.: National Research Council, [1937?], 17.
- Drennen, Bert C., III. National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Zimmerman Kame. National Park Service, 1974-01-22.
- Hopewell Archeology: The Newsletter of Hopewell Archeology in the Ohio River Valley; 4. Current Research on the Goodall Focus; Volume 2, Number 1, October 1996
- Quimby, George I., Jr.; The Goodall focus: an analysis of ten Hopewellian components in Michigan and Indiana / Ohio; Indianapolis : Indiana Historical Society, 1941.
External links
- The Goodall Tradition Project:Northwestern Indiana Hopewell
- The Newsletter of Hopewell Archeology in the Ohio River Valley
- The Newsletter of Hopewell Archeology in the Ohio River Valley
- weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20100615153442weblink">Key Indiana Hopewell Site Preserved
- content above as imported from Wikipedia
- "Goodall focus" does not exist on GetWiki (yet)
- time: 9:22am EDT - Sat, May 18 2024
- "Goodall focus" does not exist on GetWiki (yet)
- time: 9:22am EDT - Sat, May 18 2024
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