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Constitution Avenue (Islamabad)>Constitution Avenue, Islamabad| coordinates = | motto = | type = | authority = Constitution of Pakistan| appealsto = Supreme Court of Pakistan| appealsfrom = | terms = 3 years| positions = 8| budget = 1=www.federalshariatcourt.gov.pk}}| chiefjudgetitle = Chief Justice of the Federal Shariat Court| chiefjudgename = Justice Iqbal Hameedur Rahman| termstart = 01 June 2023| termend = | chiefjudgetitle2 = | chiefjudgename2 = | termstart2 = | termend2 = | chiefjudgetitle3 = | chiefjudgename3 = | termstart3 = | termend3 = | division_map = | division_map_size = | division_map_alt = }}The Federal Shariat Court (FSC) is a constitutional court of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Sharia law. The court was established in 1980 during the government of the President General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq. It is located in the federal capital, Islamabad.WEB,tribune.com.pk/story/1382202/cjp-nominates-shariat-court-top-judge/, CJP nominates Shariat court top judge, The Express Tribune (newspaper), 13 April 2017, 15 November 2018, Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan on Encyclopedia Britannica, Retrieved 15 November 2018 It hears appeals under the Hudood Ordinances, a religious legislation in the country introduced in 1979.WEB, 2014-06-26, Three names approved for Federal Shariat Court judges,tribune.com.pk/story/727428/three-names-approved-for-federal-shariat-court-judges, 2022-04-28, The Express Tribune, en, The Federal Shariat Court is the only authority which holds the constitutional power to prohibit and prevent the enactment of laws which are deemed to be un-Islamic by the parliament of Pakistan. It is predominantly focused on examining new or existing law of Pakistan. If a law violates the Quran, sunnah or hadith, the Shariat Court will prohibit its enactment.WEB, First FSC woman judge sworn in, The Nation, 2013-12-31,nation.com.pk/31-Dec-2013/first-fsc-woman-judge-sworn-in, 2022-01-28, Justice Dr. Syed Muhammad Anwer,WEB, of pakistan, Federal Shariat Court, May 16, 2022, Hon’ble Chief Justice of Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan,www.federalshariatcourt.gov.pk/en/honble-chief-justice/, May 16, 2022, www.federalshariatcourt.gov.pk, is the current Acting Chief Justice of the Federal Shariat Court, having taken oath on May 16, 2022.NEWS, of pakistan, Federal Shariat Court, May 16, 2022, Press Release, 1,www.federalshariatcourt.gov.pk/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Press%20Release/Press%20Release%2016.05.2022.pdf, May 16, 2022,

Court structure and mandate

{{more citations needed|date=November 2021}}It consists of eight Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan on the advice of the Chief Justice of the Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of High Court judges. Of the 8 judges, 3 are required to be Ulema who are well versed in Islamic law. The judges hold office for a period of 3 years, which may eventually be extended by the President.Appeal against its decisions lies to the Shariat Appellate Bench of the Supreme Court, consisting of 3 Muslim judges of the Supreme Court and 2 Ulema, appointed by the President. If any part of the law is declared to be against Islamic law, the government must take necessary steps to amend such law appropriately.The court also exercises revisional jurisdiction over the criminal courts, deciding Hudood cases. The decisions of the court are binding on the High Courts as well as subordinate judiciary. The court appoints its own staff and frames its own rules of procedure.

Court’s history of cases

In March 1981, the court ruled in an adultery appeal that stoning people to death was “repugnant to the injunctions of Islam,” a decision that upset ruling General Zia ul-Haq, and Islamic revivalists. Zia ul-Haq then replaced several members of the court, and the above-mentioned decision was reversed.BOOK, Kadri, Sadakat, Heaven on Earth: A Journey Through Shari’a Law from the Deserts of Ancient Arabia .., 2012, Macmillan, 9780099523277, 229,books.google.com/books?id=ztCRZOhJ10wC&q=Heaven+on+Earth%3A+A+Journey+Through+Shari%27a+Law, In 1982, the Federal Shariat Court ruled that there is no prohibition in the Qur’an or Hadith about the judgeship of a woman nor any restriction limiting the function of deciding disputes to men only.Ansar Burney v. Federation of Pakistan {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701092030federalshariatcourt.gov.pk/Leading%20Judgements/Sh.Pet.No.K-4%20of%201992.pdf |date=1 July 2015 }}, PLD 1983 FSC 73–93; reaffirmed in Mian Hammad Murtaza v. Federation of Pakistan, PLD 2011 FSC 117 In 2013 Ashraf Jehan became the first female justice of the Federal Shariat Court.WEB, Pakistan Shariat court gets first woman judge,www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/pakistan-shariat-court-gets-first-woman-judge/article1-1167987.aspx,www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/pakistan-shariat-court-gets-first-woman-judge/article1-1167987.aspx," title="web.archive.org/web/20131231214538www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/pakistan-shariat-court-gets-first-woman-judge/article1-1167987.aspx,">web.archive.org/web/20131231214538www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/pakistan-shariat-court-gets-first-woman-judge/article1-1167987.aspx, dead, 31 December 2013, hindustantimes.com website, 31 December 2013, 15 November 2018, In 2016, Provincial Assembly of the Punjab passed a legislature, the Punjab Protection of Women against Violence Act 2016. Soon after its passing, it was challenged in Federal Shariat Court.WEB, Iqbal, Nasir, 2016-03-04, Women’s protection act challenged in Federal Shariat Court,www.dawn.com/news/1243466, 2022-04-28, DAWN.COM, en, In February 2017, the court issued its ruling on test-tube babies and validated its use conditionally. The Nation reported, “The Federal Shariat Court yesterday declared the option of using ‘test tube baby’ method for conceiving babies for the married couples having some medical complications as lawful.“WEB, 2017-02-23, Federal Shariat Court validates test-tube babies conditionally,nation.com.pk/national/22-Feb-2017/federal-shariat-court-validates-test-tube-babies-conditionally, 2022-04-28,nation.com.pk/national/22-Feb-2017/federal-shariat-court-validates-test-tube-babies-conditionally," title="web.archive.org/web/20170223084019nation.com.pk/national/22-Feb-2017/federal-shariat-court-validates-test-tube-babies-conditionally,">web.archive.org/web/20170223084019nation.com.pk/national/22-Feb-2017/federal-shariat-court-validates-test-tube-babies-conditionally, 23 February 2017, dead, WEB, 2017-02-21, Federal Shariat Court declares test tube babies legal,tribune.com.pk/story/1334709/federal-shariat-court-declares-test-tube-babies-legal, 2022-04-28, The Express Tribune, en, The fact that lawyers make up a permanent majority of judges of the court, outnumbering Islamic ulama, has been credited with the court finding “technical flaws in every stoning and amputation appeal that it has ever heard”, preventing the carrying out of sentences amputating limbs and killing by stoning.File:Emblem of the Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan.svg|Coat of arms of the Federal Shariat CourtFile:Pakistan Federal Shariat Court Flag.svg|Flag of the Federal Shariat Court

Chief Justice and judges{| class“wikitable”

bgcolor=“#ececec“!Sr. No !! Name !! Designation !! Date of appointment |1Hameedur Rahman>Justice Iqbal Hameedur Rahman|Chief Justice|01 June 2023 weblink weblinkURL=HTTPS://WWW.FEDERALSHARIATCOURT.GOV.PK/EN/SITTING-JUDGES/ LANGUAGE=EN-US, Aalim Judge|16 May 2022|Judge|27 March 2021| | |||

See also

• List of chief justices of the Federal Shariat Court

References

{{Reflist}}

External links

• {{Official websitewww.federalshariatcourt.gov.pk}}
• Pakistan Federal Shariat Court on worldcat.org website {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221118082503worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90653977/ |date=18 November 2022 }}

Further reading

• Salman Akram Raja, An act of appeasement?, The News International January 16, 2016

{{Judiciary of Pakistan|state=expanded}}{{Authority control}}