GetWiki

{{Short description|Portuguese politician and law professor (1941–2019)}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}{{Portuguese name|2=Freitas do Amaral}}{{more citations needed|date=October 2019}}

factoids

| death_place = Cascais, Portugal201937df=yes}}Independent politician>Independent (1992–2019)Democratic Social Centre – People's Party>CDS–PP (1974–1992)| religion = | nationality = | alma_mater = | signature = AssinaturaFreitas.svg| signature_alt = Maria José Salgado Sarmento de Matos|1965}}| children = 4| residence = | website = }}Diogo Pinto de Freitas do Amaral ({{IPA-pt|diˈoɣu ˈfɾɐjtɐʒ ðu ɐmɐˈɾal}}; 21 July 1941 – 3 October 2019) was a Portuguese politician and law professor. He was Minister of Foreign Affairs from 10 January 1980 to 12 January 1981 and from 12 March 2005 to 3 July 2006. He also served briefly as Prime Minister in an interim capacity in the early 1980s, after the death of Francisco de Sá Carneiro.

Background

He was born in Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal, the third but first surviving son of Duarte de Freitas do Amaral and wife Maria Filomena de Campos Trocado, and the older brother of João de Freitas do Amaral.

Career

He was a Licentiate and a Doctorate in Law specialised in Administrative Law and Political Science from the Faculty of Law of the University of Lisbon, and a Cathedratic Professor in the Faculty of Law at the New University of Lisbon and also a publicist.He served as a professor in the Faculty of Law of the Lusófona University of Lisbon, where he taught and governed as the chair of the Economics of Public Law in Law degree, developing other teaching activities in the same college.In 1974, some months after the Carnation Revolution, he was one of the Founders and President of then Democratic and Social Centre (CDS), a Christian democratic party. He led this party till 1985, and again from 1988 to 1991. He served as a Deputy to the Assembly of the Republic (the Portuguese parliament) from 1975 to 1982 or 1983, and again in 1992 and 1993.He was also a Member of the Portuguese Council of State (1974–1982).In the parliamentary elections of 1979 and 1980, the Democratic Alliance (of which the CDS was a part) won a majority and formed the government, in which Freitas served as Deputy Prime Minister or Vice-Prime-Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1980 and Deputy Prime Minister or Vice-Prime-Minister and Minister of Defence between 1981 and 1983. After the death of Francisco Sá Carneiro, Freitas do Amaral was interim Prime Minister for a short period between 1980 and 1981. Between 1981 and 1982 he was also the President of the European People's Party.He was a candidate in 1985 for the presidency in the 1986 presidential election. Supported by his own People's Party and by the Social Democratic Party, he established a commanding lead in the first round, but lost the second round by some 150,000 votes to Mário Soares, who was endorsed by the two eliminated candidates.He was President of the United Nations General Assembly (1995–1996).A European federalist, he left the party he founded, disagreeing mainly with the Eurosceptic line followed by Manuel Monteiro and Paulo Portas.Always seen as a right-winger, Freitas do Amaral supported the Social Democratic Party in the parliamentary election of 2002. However, disappointed with the government performance, and critical of its support for the U.S. invasion of Iraq, Freitas do Amaral surprised many observers by announcing his support for the Socialist Party in the 2005 election. He was subsequently nominated for Minister of State and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the XVII Constitutional Government, led by the Socialist leader José Sócrates. He resigned after a little over one year in office, citing health reasons and, as revealed to a newspaper, tiredness resulting from the many diplomatic trips taken.He was also a Juridical Consultant of many companies.He authored a biography of King Afonso I and a play about Viriatus.He also published a study of the actuality and reform of the prison system in Portugal.

Honours

• (File:PRT_Order_of_Christ_-_Grand_Cross_BAR.svg|55px) Grand Cross of the Order of Christ (3 August 1983)
• (File:PRT Order of Saint James of the Sword - Grand Cross BAR.svg|55px) Grand Cross of the Military Order of Saint James of the Sword (9 June 2003)
• (File:PRT_Order_of_Prince_Henry_-_Grand_Cross_BAR.svg|55px) Grand Cross of the Order of Prince Henry (9 June 1984)

Foreign

• {{flag|Estonia}}: First Class of the Order of the White Star (29 March 2006)
• {{flag|France}}: Commander of National Order of Merit (27 January 2006)
• {{flag|Germany}}: Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany (22 December 1980)
• {{flag|Italy}}: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (3 November 1980)WEB, Cidadãos Nacionais Agraciados com Ordens,weblink Página Oficial das Ordens Honoríficas Portuguesas, 28 January 2017,
• {{flag|Norway}}: Grand Cross of the Order of St. Olav (3 November 1980)

Personal life

He married in Sintra, Santa Maria, on 31 July 1965 Maria José Salgado Sarmento de Matos, born in Lisbon on 13 October 1943, writer under the pseudonym Maria Roma, daughter of José Sarmento Osório de Vasconcelos de Matos (Moimenta da Beira, 28 July 1909 – Sintra, 17 July 1992). They had four children.In September 2019, Freitas do Amaral was hospitalized in critical condition at a Cascais hospital.WEB,weblink Freitas do Amaral internado nos cuidados intermédios, Publico.pt, 3 October 2019, 17 September 2019, On 3 October 2019, it was announced that Freitas do Amaral had died.NEWS,weblink Freitas do Amaral, a 'father' of Portuguese democracy, dies, Hatton, Barry, Associated Press, 3 October 2019, 3 October 2019,

Electoral results

1986 Portuguese presidential election

{{election table|title=Summary of the 26 January and 16 February 1986 Portuguese presidential election results}}!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=left colspan="2" rowspan="2"|Candidates!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=left rowspan="2"|Supporting parties !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right colspan="2"|First round!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right colspan="2"|Second round!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|Votes!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|%!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|Votes!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|% Mário SoaresSocialist Party1,443,68325.433,010,75651.18 Diogo Freitas do AmaralCDS – People's Party, Social Democratic Party (Portugal)>Social Democratic Party2,629,597 46.312,872,064 48.82 Francisco Salgado ZenhaPortuguese Communist Party, Democratic Renovator Party1,185,86720.88 Maria de Lourdes PintasilgoIndependent418,9617.38Ângelo Veloso{{ref labelA|A}}Portuguese Communist Partyleft the raceTotal valid5,677,525100.005,882,820100.00Blank ballots46,3340.8133,8440.57Invalid ballots18,2920.3220,4360.34Total (turnout 75.38% and 77.99%)5,742,151 5,937,100 {{note labelA|A}}He left the race in favor of Salgado Zenha.Source: weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20050408212102weblink">Comissão Nacional de Eleições

Ancestors

{{ahnentafelalign=center|title=Ancestors of Diogo Pinto de Freitas do Amaral|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;|1= 1. Diogo Pinto de Freitas do AmaralDuarte de Freitas do Amaral>Duarte Pinto de Carvalho de Freitas do Amaral|3= 3. Maria Filomena de Campos Trocado|4= 4. Duarte do Amaral Pinto de Freitas|5= 5. Ana Mendes Ribeiro de Oliveira|6= 6. Josué Francisco Trocado|7= 7. Maria Alves de Campos|8= 8. Francisco Pinto de Carvalho do Amaral e Freitas|9= 9. Maria Arminda de Sampaio Leite Ferreira|10= 10. António Mendes Ribeiro|11= 11. Francisca Augusta de Oliveira|12= 12. Francisco Luís Trocado|13= 13. Maria Emília da Cruz e Campos|14= 14. José Fernandes da Silva Campos|15= 15. Carolina Alves Campos|16= 16. João Pinto de Carvalho Teixeira de Sousa da Silva|17= 17. Maria da Alegria Peixoto do Amaral e Freitas|18= 18. Joaquim Leite Ferreira|19= 19. Joaquina Rosa de Sampaio|20= 20. Teotónio Mendes Ribeiro|21= 21. Luísa Rosa|22= 22. João de Oliveira|23= 23. Delfina Rosa|24= 24. Francisco Luís Trocado|25= 25. Florbela Rosa|26= 26. Manuel Ferreira Campos|27= 27. Ana Emília da Cruz|28= 28. José António Fernandes Campos|29= 29. Teresa Margarida Campos|30= 30. Francisco Alves dos Santos|31= 31. Josefa Alves de Jesus}}

Books

• D. Afonso Henriques biografia. Lisboa: Bertrand, 2009.
• (1980 Camarate air crash|Camarate: um caso ainda em aberto : apelo de um cidadão). Lisboa: Bertrand, 2010. {{ISBN|9789722522434}}
• História do Pensamento Político Ocidental. Coimbra: Almedina, 2011. {{ISBN|978-972-40-4645-7}}

References

{{Reflist}}

• Anuário da Nobreza de Portugal, III, 2006, Tomo IV, pp. 862–873
• Costados, Gonçalo de Mesquita da Silveira de Vasconcelos e Sousa, Livraria Esquina, 1.ª Edição, Porto, 1997, N.º 55

{{PMPortugal1974}}{{Presidents of the UN General Assembly}}{{Authority control}}