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{{Short description|Brief appearance in performing art}}{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}{{multi|{{in popular culture|date=August 2023}}{{original research|date=December 2023}}}}File:Alfred_Hitchcock_cameo_Spellbound.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|The critically-acclaimed 1945 psychological drama film Spellbound features a cameo by director Alfred Hitchcock in which he exits an elevator. Hitchcock is known for his small cameos in his films.]]A cameo appearance, also called a cameo role and often shortened to just cameo ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|æ|m|i|oʊ}}), is a brief guest appearance of a well-known person or character in a work of the performing arts. These roles are generally small, many of them non-speaking ones, and are commonly either appearances in a work in which they hold some special significance (such as actors from an original movie appearing in its remake) or renowned people making uncredited appearances. Short appearances by celebrities, film directors, politicians, athletes or musicians are common. A crew member of the movie or show playing a minor role can be referred to as a cameo role as well, such as director Alfred Hitchcock who made frequent cameo appearances in his films.

Concept

Originally, in the 1920s, a "cameo role" meant "a small character part that stands out from the other minor parts". The Oxford English Dictionary connects this with the meaning "a short literary sketch or portrait", which is based on the literal meaning of "cameo", a miniature carving on a gemstone.Oxford English Dictionary, "Cameo". More recently, in the late 20th century, a "cameo" has come to refer to any short appearance as a character.WEB, Cameo in Film topic,weblink Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, 9 January 2017, a short appearance in a film or play by a well-known actor, 8 March 2021,weblink live, File:10.14.11StanLeeByLuigiNovi9.jpg|thumb|Stan Lee was well known for his cameo appearances throughout most of the Marvel films.WEB,weblink Stan Lee has made 28 cameos in Marvel movies and shows — here they are, Tech InsiderTech InsiderCameos are generally not credited because of their brevity, or a perceived mismatch between the celebrity's stature and the film or television series in which they are appearing. Many are publicity stunts. Others are acknowledgements of an actor's contribution to an earlier work, as in the case of many film adaptations of television series, or of remakes of earlier films. Others honour artists or celebrities known for work in a particular field, such as comic book writer Stan Lee, who made appearances in every Marvel Cinematic Universe movie up to (Avengers: Endgame).WEB, Polo, Susana, 2019-03-09, Captain Marvel's Stan Lee cameo has bold implications for the MCU,weblink 2023-10-30, Polygon, en-US, 30 October 2023,weblink live, Cameos also occur in novels and other literary works. "Literary cameos" usually involve an established character from another work who makes a brief appearance to establish a shared universe setting, to make a point, or to offer homage. Balzac often employed this practice, as in his Comédie humaine. Sometimes a cameo features a historical person who "drops in" on fictional characters in a historical novel, as when Benjamin Franklin shares a beer with Phillipe Charboneau in The Bastard by John Jakes.{{citation needed|date=September 2016}}A cameo appearance can be made by the author of a work to put a sort of personal "signature" on a story. Vladimir Nabokov often put himself in his novels, for instance as the very minor character Vivian Darkbloom (an anagram of his name) in Lolita.BOOK, Straumann, Barbara, Figurations of Exile in Hitchcock and Nabokov,weblink 2008, Edinburgh University Press, 978-0-7486-3647-1, 114, Cameos are also a tradition of the Muppets' many projects over the years.

Film directors

Alfred Hitchcock is known for his frequent cameos in his movies, as early as in his third film (The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog|The Lodger) (1927). In Lifeboat, as the action was restricted to the titular lifeboat, Hitchcock appeared in a newspaper ad.Quentin Tarantino provides brief cameos or small roles in all his movies.WEB, Vincent, Alice, Saunders, Tristram Fane, Quentin Tarantino: his 10 best cameo roles,weblinkweblink 11 January 2022, subscription, live, The Daily Telegraph, 15 September 2016, 10 December 2015, {{cbignore}}Likewise, Peter Jackson has made brief cameos in all of his movies, except for his first feature-length film Bad Taste in which he played a main character, as well as (The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies|The Battle of the Five Armies), though a portrait of him appears in the film. For example, he played a peasant eating a carrot in (The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring|The Fellowship of the Ring) and (The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug|The Desolation of Smaug), a warrior of Rohan in (The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers|The Two Towers), and a Corsair of Umbar boatswain in (The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King|The Return of the King). All four were non-speaking "blink and you miss him" appearances, although in the Extended Release version of The Return of the King, his character was given more screen time and his reprise of the carrot eating peasant in The Desolation of Smaug was featured in the foreground in reference to The Fellowship of the Ring.WEB, Sumra, Husain, 14 December 2011, Did you know that Peter Jackson made cameos in the Lord of the Rings films?,weblink 15 September 2016, Swiftfilm, 20 September 2016,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20160920174355weblink">weblink live, In addition, when he was directing Heavenly Creatures (1994), he appeared as a drunk person bumping into the main characters, and in the Frighteners, Jackson appeared as a man with piercings with his real-life son in a bouncer.BOOK, Pryor, Ian, Peter Jackson : From Prince of Splatter to Lord of the Rings, 1st U.S. ed., Thomas Dunne Books/St. Martin's Press, 2004, {{clarify|date=November 2023|reason="as a bouncer"?}}

Director Tim Burton briefly appears in his films. He made a short appearance as a street thug who confronts Pee-wee in the back alley in Pee-wee's Big Adventure, and a visitor at the fair in Blackpool who gets a skeleton thrown at him in Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children.BOOK, Barkman, Adam, Sanna, Antonio,weblink A Critical Companion to Tim Burton, 2017, Lexington Books, 978-1-4985-5272-1, 1038627977, Director Martin Scorsese appears in the background of his films as a bystander or an unseen character. In Who's That Knocking at My Door (1967), he played one of the gangsters; he was a lighting crewman in After Hours and a passenger in Taxi Driver. He opened up his film The Color of Money with a monologue on the art of playing pool. In addition, he appeared with his wife and daughter as wealthy New Yorkers in Gangs of New York, and as a theatre-goer and can be heard as a movie projectionist in The Aviator. He also appeared in his 2023 work Killers of the Flower Moon, in a minor role as a radio drama narrator.In a same way, Roman Polanski appeared as a hired hoodlum in his film Chinatown, slitting Jack Nicholson's nose with the blade of his clasp knife.WEB, Clarke, Roger, Story of the scene: 'Chinatown' Roman Polanski (1974),weblink The Independent, 15 September 2016, 1 May 2008, 8 August 2016,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20160808223224weblink">weblink live, F. Gary Gray has made many appearances in the films he has directed including Friday, Set It Off, Law Abiding Citizen, and Straight Outta Compton.WEB, F. Gary Gray,weblink 2023-03-01, IMDb, en-US, 1 March 2023,weblink live,

Actors and writers

Directors sometimes cast well-known lead actors with whom they have worked in the past in other films. In Jane Eyre (1943), Elizabeth Taylor makes a cameo appearance as Helen Burns, Jane's friend from school who dies from a cold. Mike Todd's film Around the World in 80 Days (1956) was filled with cameo roles: John Gielgud as an English butler, Frank Sinatra playing piano in a saloon, and others. The stars in cameo roles were pictured in oval insets in posters for the film, and gave the term wide circulation outside the theatrical profession.{{citation needed|date=September 2016}}It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World (1963), an "epic comedy", also features cameos from nearly every popular American comedian alive at the time, including The Three Stooges, Jerry Lewis, Buster Keaton and a voice-only cameo by Selma Diamond.WEB, Sobczynski, Peter, "It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World" Gets the Deluxe Treatment from Criterion,weblink RogerEbert.com, 15 September 2016, 21 January 2014, 4 April 2020,weblink live, Won Ton Ton, the Dog Who Saved Hollywood (1976) features cameos by dozens of actors from Hollywood's golden age.The Player (1992) features cameos from 65 Hollywood actors.Run for Your Wife (2012) is filled with cameos from 80 of Britain's film and TV stars from the 1960s, '70s and '80s.Aaron Sorkin also had cameos in some works he wrote: as a bar customer speaking about the law in his debut film screenplay A Few Good Men (1992), as an advertising executive in The Social Network, and as a guest at the inauguration of President Matt Santos in the final episode of The West Wing.Franco Nero, the actor who portrayed the Django character in the original 1966 film, appears in a bar scene of the Tarantino film Django Unchained. There, he asks Django (Jamie Foxx) to spell his name, which led to the famous promotional tagline for the film - "The 'D' is silent". Franco's character responds simply, "I know."Many cameos featured in Maverick (1994), directed by Richard Donner. Among them, Danny Glover РMel Gibson's co-star in the Lethal Weapon franchise also directed by Donner Рappears as the lead bank robber. He and Maverick (Gibson) share a scene where they look as if they knew each other, but then shake it off. As Glover makes his escape with the money, he mutters "I'm too old for this shit", his character's catchphrase in the Lethal Weapon films. In addition, a strain of the main theme from Lethal Weapon plays in the score when Glover is revealed. Actress Margot Kidder made a cameo appearance in the same film as a robbed villager: she had previously starred as Lois Lane in Donner's Superman (1978).NEWS, Ebert, Roger,weblink Maverick, Chicago Sun-Times, Sun-Times Media Group, 20 May 1994, 15 September 2016,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20110511023955weblink">weblink 11 May 2011, Roger Ebert, rogerebert.com, live, Ben Stiller, Vince Vaughn, Owen Wilson, Luke Wilson and Will Ferrell have made appearances in so many of the same films (whether as lead characters or cameos) that USA Today coined the term "Frat Pack" to name the group.NEWS, Wloszczyna, Susan, Wilson and Vaughn: Leaders of the 'Frat Pack', USA Today,weblink 15 June 2004, 23 February 2019,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20051013085711weblink">weblink 13 October 2005, Gannett Co. Inc., live, Actor Adam Sandler is also known for frequently casting fellow Saturday Night Live performers (including Rob Schneider and David Spade) in various roles in his films (as well as making cameo appearances of his own in theirs, most of which he co-produces). Sam Raimi frequently uses his brother Ted and Bruce Campbell in his films.WEB,weblink Monsters-Movies.com, 18 February 2017, Sam Raimi,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20100925114711weblink">weblink 25 September 2010, live, The American singer/actress Cher had a couple of cameos. She had two cameos in Will & Grace and she even had a few in the 1990s.{{citation needed|date=December 2018}}Actor Edward Norton appeared as himself in the satirical film The Dictator (2012) starring Sacha Baron Cohen.Al Pacino had an extended cameo in the film Jack and Jill (2011) starring Adam Sandler, where Pacino played a fictional version of himself.The mangaka Shotaro Ishinomori made many cameos in his Kamen Rider series.The animated series Adventures of Tintin featured its author Herg̩ in all the episodes.WEB, Talbot, John, Adams, Edmund, Winkels, Rob, Mar, Irene, Herg̩'s Cameo Appearances,weblink Tintinologist, 15 September 2016, 27 March 2009, Herg̩/Moulinsart S.A., 30 August 2016,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20160830190752weblink">weblink live, Stephen King is famous for making short cameo appearances in almost every movie based on his novels.WEB, Kaye, Don, 2019-09-21, Every Stephen King Movie Cameo: From Creepshow to It Chapter Two,weblink 2020-12-16, Den of Geek, en-US, 3 May 2021,weblink live, An Adventure in Space and Time, a drama about how Doctor Who began, features many actors from the show's past, including two past companions in a party scene, another as a mother calling her children in for dinner and a fourth in a car park at the BBC as a guard.NEWS, Wilson, Dan, Doctor Who: 17 things for Who fans to spot in An Adventure in Space and Time by Mark Gatiss,weblink Metro (British newspaper), Metro, 15 September 2016, 21 November 2013, 22 December 2022,weblink live, In the movie adaptation of Les Miserables, Colm Wilkinson, who originated the role of Jean Valjean in the West End and on Broadway, made a cameo as the Bishop of Digne.NEWS, Ng, David, Colm Wilkinson, original Jean Valjean, on 'Les Miserables' movie,weblink 28 July 2020, Los Angeles Times, 2012-12-31, 28 July 2020,weblink live, In the Soviet film Moscow Does Not Believe in Tears, Innokenty Smoktunovsky appeared for a minute as himself.

Other

Films based on actual events occasionally include cameo guest appearances by the people portrayed in them. In The Pursuit of Happyness, Chris Gardner made a cameo at the end. 24 Hour Party People, a film about Tony Wilson, has a cameo by the real Tony Wilson and many other notable people. In the film Apollo 13, James Lovell (the real commander of that flight) and his wife Marilyn appeared next to the actors playing them (Tom Hanks and Kathleen Quinlan respectively), and Chuck Yeager, whose story is told in the early part of the film, appears in a cameo in the airfield bar. Domino Harvey made a short appearance in the credits of Domino, while the real Erin Brockovich had a cameo as a waitress named Julia in the eponymous movie (where her role is played by the actress Julia Roberts).{{citation needed|date=September 2016}} Sophie Wilson had a cameo as a barmaid in Micro Men, which shows her work for Acorn Computers. In a flashback sequence in Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas, Raoul Duke (played by Johnny Depp) runs into the real-life Hunter S. Thompson, upon whom the character of Duke is based, leading him to remark "There I was...mother of God, there I am! Holy fuck."Stephen Hawking in popular culture lists more than a dozen appearances of the scientist playing himself.Maria Von Trapp made an uncredited brief cameo appearance in the film version of her life, The Sound of Music. She appeared in the background during the song "I Have Confidence" with her daughter Rosmarie and stepson Werner Von Trapp. Tom Morello, American guitarist and musician, made an appearance in the Marvel film Iron Man (2008), in which he also participated in the soundtrack.Elon Musk and Larry Ellison, both founders of large technology companies, were featured in cameos in Iron Man 2 (2010).NEWS,weblink Forbes, Andy, Greenberg, Elon Musk, Larry Ellison Appear In Iron Man 2, 29 April 2010, 23 February 2019, 28 June 2012,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120628130311weblink">weblink live, The king of Sweden, Carl XVI Gustaf, was in the children's program Mika () when Mika was in Stockholm with his reindeer.WEB,weblink It's So Last Century, Mika, 18 February 2017,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20110220015454weblink">weblink 20 February 2011, live, In The Wolf of Wall Street (2013), the real Jordan Belfort appeared as an emcee to introduce Leonardo DiCaprio, who played Belfort, in the final scene.Boxer Roberto Duran and his wife Felicidad made a cameo appearance towards the end of the film Hands of Stone , about Duran's life.WEB,weblink Hands of Stone, Rotten Tomatoes, 10 July 2021, live,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20160407185230weblink">weblink 7 April 2016, In The Big Short (film), the real investor Michael Burry appeared as an employee of his hedge fund "Scion Capital" while answering the phone saying "Doctor Burry's office".An unusual example of a famous non-actor being given a small but speaking fictional role occurred in the (Star Trek: The Next Generation) episode "(Second Chances (Star Trek: The Next Generation)|Second Chances)." Dr. Mae Jemison, an astronaut, the first Black woman in space, and a long-time fan of Star Trek, was offered the opportunity to appear on the show. She was given the role of a Starfleet crewmember and a few lines, thus becoming the first real-life astronaut to appear on Star Trek.BOOK, Nemecek, Larry, Star Trek: The Next Generation Companion, 1995, Pocket Books, 249–250, 2nd, Somewhat likewise King Abdullah II of Jordan appeared briefly in a non-speaking role the (Star Trek: Voyager) episode "Investigations".NEWS,weblink BBC, The King of Star Trek, 22 February 2017, 11 February 1999, live,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20170311003922weblink">weblink 11 March 2017,

See also

• Allusion
• Bit part
• Extra
• Crossover fiction
• Self-insertion

{{Wiktionary|cameo}}

References

{{Reflist|30em}}{{film crew}}{{Authority control}}