Peter Jackson
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{{otherpeople|Peter Jackson}}
| birthplace =
Pukerua Bay, New Zealand| occupation = Film director, film producer, screenwriter| yearsactive = 1976–present| spouse =
Fran Walsh (1987–present)}}
Sir Peter Robert Jackson,
KNZM(1) (born 31 October 1961) is a New Zealand film director, producer, actor, and screenwriter, best known for
The Lord of the Rings trilogy adapted from the
novel by
J. R. R. Tolkien. He is also known for his 2005 remake of
King Kong(2) and as the producer of the critically acclaimed film
District 9.He won international attention early in his career with his "
splatstick" horror comedies, before coming to mainstream prominence with
Heavenly Creatures, for which he shared an
Academy Award Best Screenplay nomination with his wife,
Fran Walsh. Jackson has been awarded a total of three
Academy Awards in his career.
Early life
Jackson, an only child, was born on 31 October 1961. He grew up in
Pukerua Bay, a coastal town near
Wellington, New Zealand. His parents — Joan, a factory worker and housewife, and William Jackson, a wages clerk — were both immigrants from England.
(3)(4) As a child, Jackson was a keen film fan, growing up on
Ray Harryhausen films as well as finding inspiration in the television series
Thunderbirds and
Monty Python's Flying Circus. After a family friend gave the Jacksons a
Super 8 cine-camera with Peter in mind, he began making short films with his friends. Jackson has long cited
King Kong as his favourite film and around the age of nine he attempted to remake it using his own stop-motion models.
(5)Jackson has no formal training in film-making, but learned about editing, special effects and make-up largely through his own trial and error. As a teenager Jackson discovered the work of author
J. R. R. Tolkien after watching
The Lord of the Rings (1978), an animated film by
Ralph Bakshi that was a part-adaptation of Tolkien's fantasy trilogy.
(6) After leaving school Jackson began working as a photoengraver at a newspaper company in Wellington, and shooting a feature-length vampire film that was later abandoned before completion.
The splatter period
Over four years (from 1983 to 1987) Jackson's first feature,
Bad Taste, grew in haphazard fashion from a short film into a 90-minute splatter comedy, with many of Jackson's friends acting and working on it for free. Shooting was normally done in the weekends since Jackson was now working full-time.
Bad Taste is about aliens that come to earth with the desire of turning humans into food. Jackson had two acting roles, including a scene in which he fights himself.The film was finally completed thanks to a late injection of finance from the
New Zealand Film Commission, after Jim Booth, the body's executive director, became convinced of Jackson's talent (Booth later left the Commission to become Jackson's producer). In May 1987
Bad Taste was unveiled at the
Cannes Film Festival, where rights to the film quickly sold to twelve countries. Around this time Peter Jackson began working on writing a number of film scripts, in varied collaborative groupings with playwright Stephen Sinclair, writer
Fran Walsh and writer/actor
Danny Mulheron. Walsh would later become his partner. Some of the scripts from this period, including a
Nightmare on Elm Street sequel, have never seen the light of a movie screen; the proposed
zombie film
Braindead underwent extensive rewrites. Jackson's next film to see release was
Meet the Feebles (1989), co-written by the four writers mentioned above. An ensemble musical comedy starring
Muppet-style puppets,
Feebles originally began as a short film intended for television, but was rapidly expanded into a full-length script after unexpected enthusiasm from Japanese investors, and the collapse of
Braindead, six weeks before filming. Begun on a very low budget,
Feebles went weeks over schedule. Jackson stated of his second feature length film, "It's got a quality of humour that alienates a lot of people.. It's very black, very satirical, very savage."
(7) Feebles marked Jackson's first collaboration with special effects team
Richard Taylor and Tania Rodger, who would later work on all Jackson's movies.Jackson's next release was the horror comedy
Braindead (1992) (released in North America as
Dead Alive), now seen as a landmark in splatter movies. Originally planned as a Spanish co-production, the film reversed the usual zombie plot. Rather than keeping the zombies out of his place of refuge, the hero attempts to keep them inside, while maintaining a facade of normality. The film features extensive special effects including miniature trams, stop motion and a plethora of gory make-up effects.
Heavenly Creatures and Forgotten Silver
Released in 1994 after Jackson won a race to bring the story to the screen,
Heavenly Creatures marked a major change for Jackson in terms of both style and tone. The film is based on real-life events: namely the
Parker-Hulme murder in which two teenage girls in 1950s
Christchurch became close friends, some say lovers, and later murdered the mother of one of the girls. Jackson's partner Fran Walsh helped persuade him that the events had the makings of a movie; Jackson has been quoted saying that the film "only got made" because of her enthusiasm for the subject matter.
(8) Many New Zealanders were apprehensive about how Jackson would treat the material, an apprehension that would later turn in many cases to relief. The film's fame coincided with the New Zealand media tracking down the real-life Juliet Hulme, who now wrote books under the name
Anne Perry. Jackson would cast the actors
Melanie Lynskey and
Kate Winslet in the roles of Parker and Hulme.
Heavenly Creatures received considerable critical acclaim, including an
Academy Award nomination for
Best Original Screenplay and making top ten of the year lists in
Time,
The Guardian,
The Sydney Morning Herald, and
The New Zealand Herald.The success of
Heavenly Creatures won Jackson attention from US company
Miramax, who promoted the film vigorously in America and signed the director to a first-look deal. The following year, in collaboration with Wellington filmmaker
Costa Botes, Jackson co-directed the
mockumentary Forgotten Silver (1995). This ambitious made-for-television piece told the story of New Zealand film pioneer
Colin McKenzie, who had supposedly invented colour film and 'talkies', and attempted an epic film of
Salome before being forgotten by the world. Though the programme played in a slot normally reserved for drama, no other warning was given that it was fictionalized. Many were outraged at discovering Colin McKenzie had never existed. Some have argued that the number of people who believed the increasingly improbable story provides testimony to Jackson and Botes' skill at playing on New Zealand's
national myth of a nation of innovators and forgotten trail-blazers.
(9) In the meantime, Jackson and Walsh had two children, Billy (1995) and Katie (1996).
Hollywood, Weta, and the Film Commission
missing image!
- Peter-jackson4.jpg -
A drawing of Peter Jackson, surrounded by characters from his films
The success of
Heavenly Creatures helped pave the way for Jackson's first big budget Hollywood film,
The Frighteners starring
Michael J. Fox, in 1996. Thanks partly to support from American producer
Robert Zemeckis, Jackson was given permission to make this comedy/horror film entirely in New Zealand despite being set in a North American town. This period was a key one of change for both Jackson and
Weta Workshop, the special effects company — born from the one man contributions of George Port to
Heavenly Creatures — with which Jackson is often associated. Weta, initiated by Jackson and key collaborators, grew rapidly during this period to incorporate both digital and physical effects, make-up and costumes, the first two areas normally commanded by Jackson collaborator
Richard Taylor.
The Frighteners was regarded as a commercial failure. Some critics{{Who|date=November 2009}} expressed disappointment that it displayed little of the anarchistic humor of Jackson's early movies and that the script felt underdeveloped.{{Citation needed|date=November 2009}} In February 1997 Jackson launched legal proceedings against New Zealand magazine
The Listener for defamation, over a review of
The Frighteners which claimed that the film was "built from the rubble of other people's movies".
(10) In the end, the case was not pursued further. Around this time Jackson's remake of
King Kong was shelved by
Universal Studios, partly because
Mighty Joe Young, another giant gorilla movie, had already gone into production.This period of transition seems not to have been entirely a happy one; it also marked one of the high points of tension between Jackson and the
New Zealand Film Commission since
Meet the Feebles had gone over-budget earlier in his career. Jackson has claimed the Commission considered firing him from
Feebles, though the NZFC went on to help fund his next three films. In 1997 the director submitted a lengthy criticism of the Commission for a magazine supplement meant to celebrate the body's 20th anniversary, criticizing what he called inconsistent decision-making by inexperienced board members. The magazine felt that the material was too long and potentially defamatory to publish in that form; a shortened version of the material went on to appear in
Metro magazine.
(11) In the
Metro article Jackson criticized the Commission over funding decisions concerning a film he was hoping to executive produce, but refused to drop a client-confidentiality clause that allowed them to publicly reply to his criticisms.
The Lord of the Rings
File:Peter Jackson01.jpg|thumb|right|Jackson in 2003, at the premiere of
(The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King) in
WellingtonWellingtonPeter Jackson won the rights to film J. R. R. Tolkien's epic in
1997 after meeting with producer
Saul Zaentz. Originally working with
Miramax towards a two-film production, Jackson was later pressured to render the story as a single film, and finally overcame a tight deadline by making a last minute deal with
New Line, who were keen on a trilogy.
Principal photography stretched from 11 October 1999 to 22 December 2000 with extensive location filming across New Zealand. With the benefit of extended post-production and extra periods of shooting before each film's release, the series met huge success and sent Jackson's popularity soaring. The
(The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King|Return of the King) itself met with huge critical acclaim, winning eleven
Academy Awards, including
Best Picture and
Best Director. The film was the first of the fantasy film genre to ever win the award for Best Picture and was the second sequel ever to win Best Picture (the first being
The Godfather Part II). Jackson's mother, Joan, died three days before the release of the first movie in the trilogy,
(The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring|The Fellowship of the Ring). There was a special showing of the film after her funeral.
(12)Following
The Return of the King, Jackson lost a large amount of weight (over 50 lb/22.5 kg) to the point of being unrecognisable to some fans. In the British
Daily Telegraph he attributed his weight loss to his diet. He said, "I just got tired of being overweight and unfit, so I changed my diet from hamburgers to yogurt and muesli and it seems to work."
(13) King Kong
Universal Studios now returned to the fray, signing Peter Jackson for a second time to remake the
1933 classic
King Kong — the film that inspired him to become a
film director as a boy.
(14) He was reportedly being paid a fee of US$20 million upfront, the highest salary ever paid to a film director in advance of production, against a 20 percent take of the box-office rentals (the portion of the price of the ticket that goes to the film distributor, in this case Universal). The film was released on 14 December 2005, and grossed around US$550 million worldwide.
(15) Its release on home video and DVD was even bigger, as it set records for a Universal Pictures DVD in sales figures.
Current and future projects
Jackson completed an
adaptation of
Alice Sebold's bestseller,
The Lovely Bones, which was released in the United States on December 11, 2009.
(16) Jackson has said the film was a welcome relief from his larger-scale epics. The storyline's combination of fantasy aspects and themes of murder bears some similarities to
Heavenly Creatures.Jackson is one of the producers on a
Tintin movie directed by
Steven Spielberg. The project will use 3-D animation combined with
motion capture to bring the project to the silver screen, likely in 2011.
(17)Jackson had talked of producing films for others as early as 1995, but a number of factors slowed developments in this regard, including the failure of
Jack Brown Genius (1995). After he became a force in Hollywood, he was set to produce a $128 million movie version of the science fiction video game
Halo, but the project went on hold when financial backers withdrew their support.
(18)(19) Jackson is set to produce a
remake of
The Dam Busters, to be directed by longtime
Weta designer Christian Rivers and for which
Stephen Fry has written a screenplay.
(20)(21)Jackson has also won the rights to a film adaptation of the fantasy novel series
Temeraire, a novel about dragons being used in combat in the Napoleonic Wars and a dragon named Temeraire and his captain, Will Laurence, written by
Naomi Novik. It remains to be seen if he will direct it.
(22) Jackson produced
District 9, a science fiction project which
Neill Blomkamp directed. The script was written by Neill Blomkamp and Terri Tatchell.
(23)In recent years Jackson has also directed a short film entitled
Crossing the Line to test a new model of digital Cinema camera, the
RED ONE. The film takes place during World War I, and was shot in two days. "Crossing the Line" was shown at NAB 2007 (the USA National Association of Broadcasters). Clips of the film can be found at Reduser.net.
(24)Jackson and his newly formed studio
Wingnut Interactive are working on an unrevealed project being developed by
Microsoft Game Studios in collaboration with
Bungie Studios. The project has been officially titled
(Halo: Chronicles) but beyond speculation little else is known about its nature. He was to be the executive producer on a
Halo movie, developed and released by
Universal Studios and
20th Century Fox but in October 2006 the film was postponed indefinitely. The film was never officially cancelled and in late June 2008 Peter Jackson commented that, "With upcoming developments (Halo: Chronicles), I wouldn't know when to expect a movie, and I'm the producer."Jackson spent $5 million to purchase 20
hectares of land in
Wairarapa, a property containing a mansion, private lake, underground tunnel and the interior of
Bag End from
The Lord of the Rings. In 2009, he purchased a
Gulfstream G550 jet; his total
net worth is estimated by
National Business Review at
NZ$450 million.
(25) Jackson owns an aircraft restoration and manufacturing company, The Vintage Aviator, which is dedicated to
World War One and
World War Two fighter planes among other planes from the 1920s and 1930s. He is chairman of the Omaka Aviation Heritage Trust, which hosts a biennial air show.
(26) In late December 2009 announced his interest on the movie adaption of the novel
Mortal Engines.
(27) The Hobbit
Jackson's involvement in the making of a film version of
The Hobbit, along with another possible
The Lord of the Rings prequel, has a long and chequered history. In November 2006, a letter from Peter Jackson and Fran Walsh stated that due to an ongoing legal dispute between Wingnut Films (Jackson's production company) and
New Line Cinema, Jackson would not be directing the film.
(28) However, in response, MGM spokesman Jeff Pryor stated that "we still believe this matter of Peter Jackson directing
The Hobbit is far from closed." (MGM owns the distribution rights to
The Hobbit film). New Line Cinema's head,
Robert Shaye said that Jackson "will never make any movie with New Line Cinema again while I'm still working for the company."
(29){{Dead link|date=January 2010}} An online boycott of New Line Cinema was begun in the hopes of compelling New Line Cinema to renegotiate with Peter Jackson.
(30){{Dead link|date=January 2010}} Shaye's comments marked the first time a New Line executive had commented publicly on the franchise since Jackson announced that he was pulled out of the project. In August 2007 though Shaye was trying to repair his working relationship with Jackson. "I really respect and admire Peter and would love for him to be creatively involved in some way in
The Hobbit," Shaye said."
(31){{Dead link|date=January 2010}} On 18 December 2007, it was announced that Peter Jackson and New Line Cinema had reached agreement to make two prequels, both based on
The Hobbit, which will be released in 2011 and 2012. Jackson will serve as a writer and
executive producer.
Guillermo del Toro has been selected to direct.
(32)(33) Games
Jackson is set to make games with
Microsoft Game Studios, a partnership announced on 27 September 2006, at
X06.
(34) Specifically, Jackson and Microsoft were teaming together to form a new studio called
Wingnut Interactive.
(35) In collaboration with
Bungie Studios, Jackson was to co-write, co-design and co-produce a new game taking place in the
Halo universe - tentatively called
(Halo: Chronicles). However on July 27, 2009, in an interview about his new movie
District 9, he said that
(Halo: Chronicles) had been cancelled, while Microsoft confirmed that the game is "on hold". Jackson's game studio Wingnut Interactive is now at work on original intellectual property.
(36) Charitable activities
Jackson has given
NZ$500,000 to
stem cell research.
(37)He purchased a church in Wellington for about $10 million, saving it from demolition.
(38)He also contributes his expertise to
48HOURS, a New Zealand film-making competition, through annually selecting 3 "Wildcards" for the National Final.Jackson, a
World War 1 aviation enthusiast, is chair of the 14-18 Aviation Heritage Trust.
(39) He donated his services and provided replica aircraft to create a 10 minute multimedia display called
Over the Front for the
Australian War Memorial in 2008.
(40) Style
Jackson is known for his attention to detail, a habit of shooting scenes from many angles, a macabre sense of humour, and a general playfulness—the latter to the point where
The Lord of the Rings conceptual designer
Alan Lee jokingly remarked "the film is almost incidental really".
(41)Jackson was a noted perfectionist on the
Lord of the Rings shoot, where he demanded numerous takes of scenes, requesting additional takes by repeatedly saying, "one more for luck".
(42) Jackson is also renowned within the New Zealand film industry for his insistence on "coverage" — shooting a scene from as many angles as possible, giving him more options during editing.{{Citation needed|date=November 2007}} Jackson has been known to spend days shooting a single scene. This is evident in his work where even scenes featuring simple conversations often feature a wide array of multiple camera angles and shot-sizes as well as zooming closeups on characters' faces. One of his most common visual trademarks is shooting close-ups of actors with wide-angle lenses.Unlike some other film directors, Jackson has remained in his native country to make films. This has been the genesis of several production and support companies. Most of Jackson's assets are found on the
Miramar Peninsula in his home town of Wellington where much of his filming occurs; and he was instrumental in having the world premiere of
The Return of the King in the city's iconic
Embassy Theatre which he helped restore.He was an early user of computer enhancement technology and provided
digital special effects to a number of Hollywood films by use of telecommunications and satellite links to transmit raw images and the final results across the Pacific Ocean.{{Citation needed|date=November 2007}}During filming of
The Lord of the Rings, Jackson was famous for wearing short pants and going barefoot under most circumstances, especially during film shoots.
(43) Awards
Jackson won three Academy Awards for
(The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King|The Return of the King), including the
Academy Award for Best Director.Jackson was appointed a Companion in the
New Zealand Order of Merit, in the 2002 New Year Honours.
(44) In 2010 he was advanced to Knight Companion.
(45) Cameo roles
missing image!
- pjcameo.jpg -
Peter Jackson in (The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring|The Fellowship of the Ring) (top), (The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers|The Two Towers) (middle) and (The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King|The Return of the King) (bottom).
Jackson usually makes
cameo appearances in his own films:
- In The Lovely Bones, he appears as a customer in a camera store playing with a camera.
- Jackson appears as a bi-plane gunner attacking Kong in New York, reprising the cameo which original King Kong filmmaker Merian C. Cooper made in his 1933 film.
- The Lord of the Rings film trilogy includes multiple cameos. In The Fellowship of the Ring Jackson plays Albert Dreary, a drunken, carrot-chomping citizen of Bree. In The Two Towers he plays a spear-throwing defender of Helm's Deep. He also makes a stand-in for David Wenham. In the scene where Faramir and Madril are discussing the defences of Gondor, Jackson's hand is the one pointing to parts of the map. His significant cameo in The Return of the King is limited to the extended version, where he is seen as the boatswain of a corsair ship and is accidentally killed by Legolas' "warning shot." (Gimli had interfered with Legolas' bow.) (The character is seen very briefly in the theatrical version.) Additionally, though not a cameo in the traditional sense, he also served as a stand-in for Sean Astin in the shot where Samwise Gamgee steps into frame, challenging the monster Shelob; all that can be seen of Jackson, however, is his right arm.
- In The Frighteners, Jackson is a biker bumped into by Frank Bannister.
- In Heavenly Creatures, he is a bum that gets kissed by Juliet Hulme.
- In Braindead, he is the mortician's assistant.
- In the puppet movie Meet the Feebles Jackson appears as an audience member disguised as one of the aliens from Bad Taste.{{Citation needed|date=May 2008}}
He has also made cameos in several films not directed by him. In the opening sequence of
Hot Fuzz (
2007), he played a demented
Father Christmas, who stabs Nicholas Angel (played by
Simon Pegg) in the hand.
(46)Jackson's eldest son, Billy (born 1995), has made cameo appearances in every one of his father's films since his birth, namely
The Frighteners (
1996),
The Lord of the Rings film trilogy, and
King Kong. His daughter, Katie (born 1996), appears in all the above films except
The Frighteners.Jackson had a cameo on the HBO show
Entourage in the 5 August 2007 episode, "
Gary's Desk", in which he offers a business proposal to
Eric Murphy, manager to the lead character,
Vincent Chase.
Filmography
Director{| border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 90%;"
bgcolor="#B0C4DE" align="center"
! Year ! Title ! Oscar nominations ! Oscar wins ! BAFTA Nominations! BAFTA Wins! Golden Globe Nominations! Golden Globe Wins
| 1976 in film>1976 | The Valley (film)>The Valley (Short)||| | | | |
| 1987 in film>1987 | Bad Taste ||| | | | |
| 1989 in film>1989 | Meet the Feebles ||| | | | |
| 1992 in film>1992 | Braindead (film)>Braindead (released in North America as Dead Alive) ||| | | | |
| 1994 in film>1994 | Heavenly Creatures | 1 | 0 | | | | |
| 1995 in film>1995 | Forgotten Silver (Documentary)|| | | | | |
| 1996 in film>1996 | The Frighteners ||| | | | |
| 2001 in film>2001 | (The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring) | 13 | 4 | 12| 4| 4| 0 |
| 2002 in film>2002 | (The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers) | 6 | 2 | 9| 2| 2| 0 |
| 2003 in film>2003 | (The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King) | 11 | 11 | 12| 4| 4| 4 |
| 2005 in film>2005 | King Kong (2005 film)>King Kong | 4 | 3 | 3| 1| 2| 0 |
| 2008 in film>2008 | Crossing the Line (short)>Crossing the Line (short)||| | | | |
| 2009 in film>2009 | The Lovely Bones (film)>The Lovely Bones | 1| 0| 2| 0| 1| 0 |
Producer
Soundtrack
- (The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers) (2002): Musician, "Edoras"
Miscellaneous crew
Actor
Special effects
Visual effects
- Braindead (1992): Miniatures
- Contact (1997): Additional visual effects
Editor
Makeup
Second unit director
Camera and electrical department
Costume designer
Bibliography
- Brian Sibley. Peter Jackson- A Film-maker's Journey. Sydney, HarperCollins, 2006. ISBN 0732285623.
- Ian Pryor. Peter Jackson- From prince of splatter to lord of the rings. Auckland, Random House, 2003, New York, St. Martin's Press, 2004. ISBN 1869415558 (NZ Edition)
- Andrea Bordoni, Matteo Marino, "Peter Jackson". Milan, Il Castoro, 2002. ISBN 9788880332251. The first book-length study of the director.{{it icon}}
See also
References
-
[NEWS,weblink Better than the Oscars, says Sir Peter Jackson, Tan, Lucinda, 31 December 2009, New Zealand Herald, 30 December 2009, ]
-
[WEB,weblink This gorilla of a film is blockbuster of the year, Daily Mail, 5 December 2005, ]
-
[FilmReference.com]
-
[Guardian.co.uk]
-
[WEB,weblink Interview: Peter Jackson "King Kong", Dark Horizons, Gorilla Nation, 5 December 2005, 27 May 2009, Paul Fischer, ]
-
[Russel Baillie, 'Peter Jackson's trip from splatstick to RAF', New Zealand Herald, 29 October 2006, NZherald.co.nz]
-
[Ian Pryor, 'Meet the Feebles', Evening Post, 24 August 1989, p.25.]
-
[Andy Webster, 'The Frightener', Premiere, August 1996, p.26.]
-
[Geoff Chapple, 'Gone, not forgotten', New Zealand Listener, 25 November 1995, p.26.]
-
[Philip Matthews, 'Spectral Steel', New Zealand Listener, 14 December 1996]
-
[Andrew Heal, 'Horror story', Metro, December 1997]
-
["Charlie Rose - Peter Jackson", February 2004]
-
["Peter Jackson's muesli diet secret", kongisking.net, 12 April]
-
["Peter Jackson's Labor of Love" by Stone Phillips, MSNBC, 2 December 2005]
-
[King Kong figures from Box Office Mojo]
-
[The Lovely Bones Is Fit for a Queen]
-
[NEWS,weblink Peter Jackson to produce the Hobbit and Sequel, comingsoon.net, 18 December 2007, ]
-
[NEWS,weblink Jackson Says He Won't Be Making `Hobbit', Comcast.net, AP, 21 November 2006, ]
-
[Xbox Family - Home]
-
[NEWS,weblink Peter Jackson to film Dam Busters, BBC News, 31 August 2006, ]
-
[Joblo.com: Fry writes Dambusters]
-
[NEWS,weblink Temeraire on Warpath, 12 September 2006, filmforce, IGN.com, ]
-
[WEB,weblink Peter Jackson gears up for 'District', 1 November 2007, Michael Fleming, Variety (magazine), Variety, 17 November 2007, ]
-
[RedUser.net]
-
[NEWS, Rebecca Lewis, Peter Jackson's jet set upgrade, New Zealand Herald, 12 April 2009,weblink 11 April 2009, ]
-
[NEWS, Tammy Buckley, Peter Jackson causes stir, Fairfax New Zealand, Stuff, 13 April 2009,weblink 14 April 2009, ]
-
[DreadCentral.com, Peter Jackson Revving His Mortal Engines]
-
[NEWS, xoanon, Peter Jackson and Fran Walsh talk The Hobbit, TheOneRing.net, 19 November 2006,weblink 2 January 2010, ]
-
[WEB, Shaye: New Line Blacklists Jackson, SciFi.com,weblink 10 January 2007, 21 February 2007, ]
-
[WEB, Are You a Lord of the Rings Fan? Boycott New Line Cinema ,weblink ]
-
[NEWS, Patrick Goldstein, The Big Picture: New Line's midlife crisis, Los Angeles Times, 10 August 2007,weblink 17 August 2007, ]
-
[WEB,weblink Press Release: Announcing The Hobbit, 29 December 2007, Press Release, ]
-
[NEWS,weblink Del Toro to take charge of The Hobbit, 3 January 2008, guardian.co.uk, 2 January 2010, ]
-
[X06: Halo Wars revealed at Microsoft briefing - Xbox 360 News at GameSpot]
-
[NEWS,weblink X06: Peter Jackson Forms a Game Studio, 1UP.com, 27 September 2006, ]
-
[Peter Jackson´s game studio to work on original IP]
-
[Peter Jackson gives 0,000 for stem cell research - 15 Jul 2006 - NZ Herald: Life & Style News and Reviews from New Zealand and around the World]
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[NEWS,weblink Stella Maris Retreat Centre and Chapel saved, Scoop (news website), Scoop, 12 September 2007, 18 October 2007, ]
-
[WEB,weblink New Zealand Aircraft History, ]
-
[NEWS,weblink Jackson behind War Memorial display, ABC News, 2008-09-16, ]
-
["Big-atures" Rotk see DVD Documentary]
-
[Cameras in Middle-earth: The Fellowship of the Ring, Special Extended Edition DVD Documentary. Actor Christopher Lee remarks about having twelves takes for one scene, before being told by Ian McKellen he did 24 takes for two lines the previous day]
-
[11 things you must know about Peter Jackson]
-
[WEB,weblink New Year Honours 2002, 2001-12-31, Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet, ]
-
[WEB,weblink New Year Honours 2010, 2009-12-31, Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet, ]
-
[WEB,weblink Hot Fuzz review, Jason, Zingale, 30 April 2008, ]
External links
{{Commons category|Peter Jackson}}
{{Peter Jackson films}}{{AcademyAwardBestDirector 2001-2020}}{{AcademyAwardBestAdaptedScreenplay 2001-2020}}{{use dmy dates}}
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