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{{short description|Department of France}}

factoids

| coor_pinpoint =| coordinates_footnotes =List of sovereign states>Country| subdivision_name = FranceRegions of France>Region| subdivision_name1 = Nouvelle-Aquitaine| established_title =| established_date =| founder =Prefectures in France>Prefecture| seat = PoitiersSubprefectures in France>Subprefectures| parts_style = para| p1 = ChâtelleraultMontmorillon| government_footnotes =| leader_party =| leader_title = President of the Departmental CouncilWEBSITE=DATA.GOUV.FR, PLATEFORME OUVERTE DES DONNéES PUBLIQUES FRANçAISESLANGUAGE=FR, | unit_pref = Metric| area_magnitude =area|1}}| area_total_km2 = 6990| area_note =| elevation_footnotes =| elevation_m =| elevation_min_m =| elevation_max_m =population_total}}population_as_of}}population_footnotes2}}List of French departments by population>56th| population_density_km2 = auto| population_demonym =| population_note =Departments of France>Department number| blank_info_sec1 = 86Arrondissements of France>Arrondissementsarrondissements of the Vienne department>3Cantons in France>Cantonscantons of the Vienne department>19Communes in France>Communescommunes of the Vienne department>266Central European Time>CET| utc_offset1 = +1Central European Summer Time>CEST| utc_offset1_DST = +2| postal_code_type =| postal_code =| area_code_type =| area_code =| iso_code =| website =areaestuary>estuaries, and lakes, ponds, and glaciers larger than 1 km2}}Vienne ({{IPA-fr|vjɛn|-|fr-Vienne.ogg}}; Poitevin-Saintongeais: Viéne) is a landlocked department in the French region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It takes its name from the river Vienne. It had a population of 438,435 in 2019.Populations légales 2019: 86 Vienne, INSEE

History

Established on March 4, 1790, during the French Revolution, Vienne is one of the original 83 departments. It was created from parts of the former provinces of Poitou, Touraine, and Berry, the last being a part of the Duchy of Aquitaine until the 15th century.The original Acadians, who settled in and around what is now Nova Scotia, left Vienne for North America after 1604. Kennedy (2014) argues that the emigrants carried to Canada their customs and social structure. They were frontier peoples, who dispersed their settlements based on kinship. They optimized use of farmland and emphasized trading for a profit. They were hierarchical and politically active.Gregory M.W. Kennedy. Something of a Peasant Paradise? Comparing Rural Societies in Acadie and the Loudunais, 1604-1755 (MQUP, 2014)

Geography

The department of Vienne has an area of {{cvt|6990|km2}}. Part of the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine, it borders Maine-et-Loire to the northwest, Indre-et-Loire to the north, Indre to the east, Haute-Vienne to the southeast, Charente to the south and Deux-Sèvres to the west. It is crossed by the river Vienne, a tributary of the Loire.

Principal towns

The most populous commune is Poitiers, the prefecture. As of 2019, there are 6 communes with more than 7,000 inhabitants:{| class=wikitable! Commune! Population (2019)| PoitiersChâtelleraultBuxerolles, Vienne>BuxerollesJaunay-MarignySaint-Benoît, Vienne>Saint-BenoîtChauvignysplaf.free.fr/86his.html, Historique de la Vienne, Le SPLAF, WEB,www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4176909?geo=DEP-86, Évolution et structure de la population en 2016, INSEE, |graph-pos=bottom14=240,99016=252,35118=260,69720=282,73122=294,25024=317,30526=322,02828=320,59830=340,29532=344,35534=336,34336=332,27638=306,24840=303,07242=306,82044=313,93246=319,20848=331,61950=340,25652=357,36654=371,42856=380,00558=399,13060=418,46062=427,19364=436,069}}

Politics

Édith Cresson, France’s first woman prime minister from 1991 to 1992, was a deputy (MP) for the department. The president of the Departmental Council is Alain Pichon, elected in 2020.Vienne has three arrondissements: Poitiers, the prefecture, and the subprefectures Châtellerault and Montmorillon.

Current National Assembly Representatives

{| class=“wikitable”!colspan=“2“|Constituency!!MemberWEB,www.assemblee-nationale.fr/, Assemblée nationale ~ Les députés, le vote de la loi, le Parlement français, Assemblée, Nationale, Assemblée nationale, !!PartyVienne’s 1st constituency| Jacques Savatier| La République En Marche!Vienne’s 2nd constituency| Sacha Houlié| La République En Marche!Vienne’s 3rd constituency| Jean-Michel Clément| La République En Marche!Vienne’s 4th constituency| Nicolas TurquoisDemocratic Movement (France)>MoDem

Religion

The capital, Poitiers, is the see of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Poitiers, which pastorally serves the department.

Tourism and sights

The most famous tourist sites include the Futuroscope theme park, Poitiers (city of Art and History), the Abbey Church of Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe, a UNESCO world heritage site, the animal parks of Monkey’s Valley in Romagne and the Crocodile Planet in Civaux.

Economy

The production of goat cheese is an important industry in Vienne.

International relations

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in France}}Vienne has a partnership relationship with:{|class=“wikitable” valign=“top“|

• {{flagicon|GER}} Esslingen am Neckar, Germany
• {{flagicon|ENG}} Berkshire, England
• {{flagicon|FIN}} OuluWEB,www.ouka.fi/oulu/kansainvalisyys/partneri-ja-kummikaupungit, Partneri- ja kummikaupungit (Partnership and twinning cities), 2013-07-27, Oulun kaupunki (City of Oulu), fi,
• {{flagicon|POL}} Piotrków Trybunalski, Poland
• {{flagicon|PRC}} Shenzhen, China, since 1993友好城市 (Friendly cities) {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130923095212www.szfao.gov.cn/zwgk/wsz/201103/t20110322_1645217.htm |date=2013-09-23 }}, 市外办 (Foreign Affairs Office), 2008-03-22. (Translation by Google Translate.)国际友好城市一览表 (International Friendship Cities List) {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120602011037www.szfao.gov.cn/ygwl/yxyc/ycgy/201101/t20110120_1631663.htm |date=2012-06-02 }}, 2011-01-20. (Translation by Google Translate.)友好交流 (Friendly exchanges) {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140410204001www.szfao.gov.cn/ygwl/yxyc/yhjl/ |date=2014-04-10 }}, 2011-09-13. (Translation by Google Translate.)
• {{flagicon|ITA}} Udine, Italy
• {{flagicon|SVN}} Velenje, Slovenia
• {{flagicon|POL}} WrocÅ‚aw, Poland

Notable people

• Benoît-François Bernier (1720–1799), New France army officer, served as financial commissary of wars

Gallery

File:Poitiers, Église Notre-Dame la Grande-PM 31852.jpg|Notre-Dame of PoitiersFile:Saint-Martin-l’Ars 86 Abbaye la Réau Vue SW 2012.jpg|Saint-Martin-l’ArsFile:Romagne Saint-Laurent 2010.jpg|RomagneFile:Blanzay 86 Église 2012.jpg|BlanzayFile:Civray Tympan 2012.jpg|Tympanum of the church of Civray

See also

• Communes of the Vienne department
• Cantons of the Vienne department
• Arrondissements of the Vienne department
• Anjou wine

References

{{reflist|30em}}

External links

• Departmental Council website {{in lang|fr}}
• Prefecture website {{in lang|fr}}
• Vienne Tourism Agency

{{Commons category|Vienne}}{{Departments of France}}{{Authority control}}