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Tu quoque
please note:
- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
- it has been imported raw for GetWiki
{{short description|Fallacy regarding hypocrisy}}{{About|the logical fallacy|the historical quotation "Tu quoque, Brute, fili mi"|Et tu, Brute?|the play by John Cooke|Greene's Tu Quoque|legal defense|tu quoque defense}}{{Italic title}}{{em|Tu quoque}} ({{IPAc-en|tj|uË|Ë|k|w|oÊ|k|w|i|,_|t|uË|Ë|k|w|oÊ|k|w|eɪ}};WEB,weblink tu quoque, n., Oxford University Press, Oxford English Dictionary, 2012, 24 April 2016, Latin {{em|TÅ« quoque}}, for "you also") is a discussion technique that intends to discredit the opponent's argument by attacking the opponent's own personal behavior and actions as being inconsistent with their argument, so that the opponent is hypocritical. This (Wiktionary:specious|specious) reasoning is a special type of {{em|ad hominem}} attack. The {{em|Oxford English Dictionary}} cites John Cooke's 1614 stage play {{em|The Cittie Gallant}} as the earliest known use of the term in the English language.- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
- it has been imported raw for GetWiki
Form and explanation
The ((Wiktionary:fallacy|fallacious)) {{em|tu quoque}} argument follows the (Wiktionary:template|template) (i.e. pattern):WEB, Fallacy: Ad Hominem Tu Quoque,weblink Nizkor project, 24 November 2015, {{Dead link|date=November 2023}}- Person A claims that statement {{mvar|X}} is true.
- Person B asserts that A's actions or past claims are inconsistent with the truth of claim {{mvar|X}}.
- Therefore, {{mvar|X}} is false.
- Person A: "You took that item without paying for it. What you did is morally wrong!"
- Here, {{mvar|X}} is the statement: "Stealing from a store is morally wrong." Person A is asserting that statement {{mvar|X}} is true.
- Person B: "So what? I remember when you once did the same thing. You didn't think it was wrong and neither is this."
- Person B claims that Person A is a hypocrite because Person A once committed this same action.
- Person B has argued that because Person A is a hypocrite, he does not have a right to pass sentences on others before judging himself.
Other artificial examples
The example above was worded in a way to make it amenable to the template given above. However, in (Wiktionary:colloquial|colloquial) language, the {{em|tu quoque}} technique more often makes an appearance in more subtle and less explicit ways, such as in the following example in which Person B is driving a car with Person A as a passenger:- Person A: "Stop running so many stop signs."
- Person B: "You run them all the time!"
"Yes, Politician B did do this-or-that immoral thing, but then again so do other politicians. So what's the big deal?"
In this example, Person B was "Politician B" while Person A was "other politicians."Whataboutism is one particularly well-known modern instance of this technique.See also
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}- Accusation in a mirror
- Clean hands
- False equivalence
- In pari delicto
- List of fallacies
- List of Latin phrases
- Psychological projection
- The pot calling the kettle black
- Two wrongs make a right
- Victor's justice
- (wikt:people who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones|People who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones)
- (Matthew 7:5)
Notes
{{reflist|group=note}}References
{{reflist}}Further reading
- JOURNAL, Agassi, Joseph, 2008, Rationality and the tu quoque argument, Inquiry, 16, 1â4, 395â406, 10.1080/00201747308601691,
- JOURNAL, van Eemeren, Frans H., Houtlosser, Peter, 2003, More about Fallacies as Derailments of Strategic Maneuvering: The Case of Tu Quoque, Ossa Conference Archive, University of Windsor,weblink
- JOURNAL, Govier, Trudy, 1980, Worries About Tu Quoque as a Fallacy, Informal Logic (journal), Informal Logic, 3, University of Windsor, 3, 2â4,weblink
- JOURNAL, Irving David, Shapiro, January 2011, Fallacies of Logic: Argumentation Cons, Etc, 64, 1, 75â86,weblinkweblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20141208032338weblink">weblink 2014-12-08, 42578702,
- JOURNAL, Kenneth L., Marcus, 2012, Accusation in a Mirror, Loyola University Chicago Law Journal, 43, 2, 357â93, 2020327,weblink
External links
{{wiktionary}} {{Fallacies}}- content above as imported from Wikipedia
- "Tu quoque" does not exist on GetWiki (yet)
- time: 6:04pm EDT - Wed, May 01 2024
- "Tu quoque" does not exist on GetWiki (yet)
- time: 6:04pm EDT - Wed, May 01 2024
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