GetWiki
Philippine Assembly
ARTICLE SUBJECTS
being →
database →
ethics →
fiction →
history →
internet →
language →
linux →
logic →
method →
news →
policy →
purpose →
religion →
science →
software →
truth →
unix →
wiki →
ARTICLE TYPES
essay →
feed →
help →
system →
wiki →
ARTICLE ORIGINS
critical →
forked →
imported →
original →
Philippine Assembly
please note:
- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
- it has been imported raw for GetWiki
{{Short description|Lower house of the Philippine Legislature from 1907 to 1916}}{{distinguish|text=the National Assembly of the Philippines, the legislature of the Commonwealth of the Philippines from 1935 to 1941}}{{Use Philippine English|date=April 2023}}{{Use shortened footnotes|date=April 2023}}{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2020}}{{Missing information|the composition, powers, organization, and actions of the Assembly. It needs to be expanded beyond its creation and first election|date=June 2013}}- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
- it has been imported raw for GetWiki
factoids | |
---|---|
History
The United States of America gained control of the Philippines following the 1898 SpanishâAmerican War and the subsequent PhilippineâAmerican War. In 1902, the United States Congress passed the first organic act for the Philippines, the Philippine Organic Act, which acted like a constitution from 1902 until it was replaced by the Jones Act of 1916. When the act was passed in 1902, the appointed Governor-General to the Philippines, William Howard Taft, envisioned that the Assembly would improve Philippine-American relations, and prepare the Filipinos for eventual self-rule. President Theodore Roosevelt hesitated to grant the Philippines greater authority and viewed the Assembly as more of an experiment rather than a true step toward Philippine autonomy.JOURNAL, Wertheim, Stephen, Reluctant Liberator: Theodore Roosevelt's Philosophy of Self-Government and Preparation for Philippine Independence, Presidential Studies Quarterly, September 2009, 39, 3, 494â518, 10.1111/j.1741-5705.2009.03688.x,First nationwide elections
In accordance with the Philippine Organic Act, the Philippine Commission conducted a census in 1903, published on March 25, 1905. Two years after the census' publication, on July 30, 1907, the first Assembly elections were held, the first nationwide elections in the Philippines.WEB, The History of the First Philippine Assembly (1907â1916),weblinkweblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120224035104weblink">weblink February 24, 2012, Official Website, National Historical Commission of the Philippines, December 18, 2011, Although several parties and independent candidates ran for the Assembly, two political parties dominated, the Nacionalista Party and the Progresista Party. The Nacionalista Party, which was in favor of "immediate and complete independence" from the United States and was led by future President Sergio Osmeña, captured a majority of the 80-seat Assembly.1916 Philippine House of Representatives electionsFirst Philippine Legislature
On October 16, 1907, the Philippine Assembly was inaugurated at the Manila Grand Opera House. The event was attended both by Taft (then Secretary of War of the United States), and the new Governor-General James Francis Smith. The Assembly's rules and organization was modeled on those of the United States House of Representatives.While the candidates representing the Nacionalistas won the majority of the seats in the assembly, the maneuvering to the election for the Speaker of the Assembly began, as the Speaker would be the most powerful Filipino in government. Quezon and Osmeña focused on aggregating the delegates around Osmeña's leadership, a task that became easier than the two had anticipated. With less than two dozen delegates, the Progresistas were not able to elect a Speaker from their ranks and were marginalized from the talks amongst the Nacionalistas. Osmeña found two opponents for the Speakership: Gomez who defeated Justo Lukban by 31 votes, and Pedro Paterno. However, Gomez's citizenship was questioned, and Paterno found himself to be Osmeña's leading opponent.Cullinane (1989){{cnf|date=January 2014}}, p. 318It was proved that Gomez was a Spanish citizen and a new election for his seat was called. Gomez still ran in the election and beat Lukban by a larger margin, about 400 votes. Gomez was permitted to take his seat, but not after seven months has passed, and after Osmeña was elected SpeakerCullinane (1989){{cnf|date=January 2014}}, p. 326 on October 16, 1907, with Quezon as the majority floor leader.Halili (2004){{cnf|date=January 2014}}, p. 184The defeat of the Progresistas in the elections hastened their downfall; the Nacionalista Party will continue to dominate the elections for the legislature, and the Progresistas, and later their successor the Democratas, will remain in opposition.Brownlee (2007){{cnf|date=January 2014}}, p. 75The First Philippine Assembly is best remembered to reigniting efforts towards independence and for improving education in the Philippines.Election, qualifications, and responsibility of members
In the first 1907 election, 80 members were elected in a first past the post electoral system. In subsequent elections, 81 members were elected. There were three elections: in 1907, in 1909, and in 1912.Reorganization under the Jones Law of 1916
Under the Jones Law of 1916, and following elections to both houses, a bicameral legislature composed exclusively of Filipinos was inaugurated on October 16, 1916.{{Harvnb|Zaide|1994|pp=285â286}} The Philippine Commission was replaced by the elected Senate of the Philippines and the Assembly became the House of Representatives of the Philippines.References
{{Reflist}}Bibliography
- {{Citation|last=Zaide|first=Sonia M.|title=The Philippines: A Unique Nation|publisher=All-Nations Publishing Co.|year=1994|isbn=978-971-642-071-5
External links
- weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20140527115514weblink">Senate of the Philippines
- House of Representatives of the Philippines
- weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20110809155522weblink">Philippine Assembly (archived from weblink" title="archive.today/20130112041550weblink">the original on 2011-08-09) An article published in an American newspaper examining the membership and accomplishments of the Philippine Assembly during the early years of American rule. An online article made available by weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20081217085143weblink">Filipiniana.net
- weblink" title="archive.today/20130112010401weblink">Philippine Bill of 1902 A US Congress Act establishing the Philippine Assembly. An online article made available by weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20081217085143weblink">Filipiniana.net
- content above as imported from Wikipedia
- "Philippine Assembly" does not exist on GetWiki (yet)
- time: 7:22am EDT - Sat, May 18 2024
- "Philippine Assembly" does not exist on GetWiki (yet)
- time: 7:22am EDT - Sat, May 18 2024
[ this remote article is provided by Wikipedia ]
LATEST EDITS [ see all ]
GETWIKI 23 MAY 2022
The Illusion of Choice
Culture
Culture
GETWIKI 09 JUL 2019
Eastern Philosophy
History of Philosophy
History of Philosophy
GETWIKI 09 MAY 2016
GetMeta:About
GetWiki
GetWiki
GETWIKI 18 OCT 2015
M.R.M. Parrott
Biographies
Biographies
GETWIKI 20 AUG 2014
GetMeta:News
GetWiki
GetWiki
© 2024 M.R.M. PARROTT | ALL RIGHTS RESERVED