| dec = {{Dec|+61|35|36}}
| dist_ly = {{cvt|1.4|kpc|kly|order=flip|lk=on}}
| dist_pc =
| appmag_v = 7.3WEB,messier.seds.org/m/m052.html, Messier 52, 29 April 2022, SEDS Messier Catalog, 1 July 2022,www.messier.seds.org/m/m052.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20220701070529www.messier.seds.org/m/m052.html,">web.archive.org/web/20220701070529www.messier.seds.org/m/m052.html, dead,
| size_v = {{Val|13.0|ul=arcminute}}
| mass_msol = {{Val|1200|ul=solar mass|fmt=commas}}
| radius_ly = {{Val|9.5|u=ly}}
| age = 158.5 Myr
| notes =
| names = NGC 7654, Cr 455, C 2322+613, OCl 260

}}Messier 52 or M52, also known as NGC 7654 or the Scorpion Cluster, is an open cluster of stars in the highly northern constellation of Cassiopeia. It was discovered by Charles Messier in 1774.{{efn|September 7}} It can be seen from Earth under a good night sky with binoculars. The brightness of the cluster is influenced by extinction, which is stronger in the southern half. Its metallicity is somewhat below that of the Sun, and is estimated to be [Fe/H] = âˆ’0.05 Â± 0.01.R. J. Trumpler classified the cluster appearance as II2r, indicating a rich cluster with little central concentration and a medium range in the brightness of the stars. This was later revised to I2r, denoting a dense core. The cluster has a core radius of {{cvt|0.91|Â±|0.14|pc|ly|order=flip}} and a tidal radius of {{Convert|13.1|Â±|2.2|pc|ly|order=flip|abbr=on}}. It has an estimated age of 158.5 million years and a mass of {{Val|1200|ul=solar mass|fmt=commas}}.The magnitude 8.3 supergiant star BD +60Â°2532 is a probable member of the cluster, so too 18 candidate slowly pulsating B stars, one being a Delta (Î´) Scuti variable, and three candidate Gamma Doradus (Î³ Dor) variables. There may also be three Be stars. The core of the cluster shows a lack of interstellar matter, which may be due to supernovae explosion(s) early in the cluster’s history.

References and footnotes

{{Reflist|refs=SIMBAD, M 52, November 28, 2018, {{citation

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| volume=85 | issue=506 | page=405 | date=August 1973
| doi=10.1086/129477 | bibcode=1973PASP...85..405B | doi-access=free }}

{{citation

| title=NGC 7654: An interesting cluster to study star formation history
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}}

{{citation

| title=Preliminary results on the distances, dimensions and space distribution of open star clusters
| last1=Trumpler | first1=Robert Julius
| journal=Lick Observatory Bulletin
| volume=420 | pages=154â€“188 | year=1930
| doi=10.5479/ADS/bib/1930LicOB.14.154T
| bibcode=1930LicOB..14..154T | postscript=. | doi-access=free}}

{{citation

| title=Methods for improving open cluster fundamental parameters applied to M 52 and NGC 3960
| last1=Bonatto | first1=C. | last2=Bica | first2=E.
| journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics
| volume=455 | issue=3 | date=September 2006 | pages=931â€“942
| doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20065315 | bibcode=2006A&A...455..931B | arxiv=astro-ph/0608022 | s2cid=16118935 }}

{{citation | postscript=.

| last1=Luo | first1=Y. P. | last2=Zhang | first2=X. B.
| last3=Deng | first3=L. C. | last4=Han | first4=Z. W.
| title=Discovery of 14 New Slowly Pulsating B Stars in the Open Cluster NGC 7654
| journal=The Astrophysical Journal Letters | display-authors=1
| volume=746 | issue=1 | id=L7 | pages=5 | date=February 2012
| doi=10.1088/2041-8205/746/1/L7 | bibcode=2012ApJ...746L...7L | doi-access=free }}

{{citation | display-authors=1

| last1=Wu | first1=Zhen-Yu | last2=Zhou | first2=Xu
| last3=Ma | first3=Jun | last4=Du | first4=Cui-Hua
| title=The orbits of open clusters in the Galaxy
| journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
| volume=399 | issue=4 | pages=2146â€“2164 | date=November 2009
| doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15416.x | postscript=.
| bibcode=2009MNRAS.399.2146W | arxiv=0909.3737 | s2cid=6066790 }}

JOURNAL

, 10.1007/s10509-021-03975-x
, A study of the Czernik 2 and NGC 7654 open clusters using CCD UBV photometric and Gaia EDR3 data
, 2021, Akbulut, B., Ak, S.
, Yontan, T., Bilir, S.
, Ak, T., Banks, T.
, Kaan Ulgen, E., Paunzen, E.
, Astrophysics and Space Science, 366, 7
, 2107.03462, 235765696,

}}{{notelist}}

External links

Messier 52, SEDS Messier pages
{{WikiSky|NGC 7654}}

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References and footnotes

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